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Cost-Reduction Actions
 6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2018
Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]  
Cost-Reduction Actions
Cost-Reduction Actions
There were no additional cost-reduction charges recorded during the first half of 2018; however, $0.7 million and $(2.2) million was recorded as expense (income) for changes in estimates during the three and six months ended June 30, 2018.
During the three months ended June 30, 2017, the company recognized cost-reduction charges and other costs of $27.5 million. Charges related to work-force reductions were $24.2 million, principally related to severance costs, and were comprised of: (a) a charge of $4.8 million for 369 employees and $(0.1) million for changes in estimates in the U.S. and (b) a charge of $19.8 million for 301 employees and $(0.3) million for changes in estimates outside the U.S. In addition, the company recorded charges of $3.3 million comprised of $1.9 million for contract amendment and termination costs, $1.6 million for professional fees and other expenses related to the cost-reduction effort and $(0.2) million for foreign currency gains related to exiting foreign countries. The charges were recorded in the following statement of income classifications: cost of revenue – services, $19.1 million; cost of revenue – technology, $0.4 million; selling, general and administrative expenses, $8.2 million; and other income (expense), net, $(0.2) million.
During the six months ended June 30, 2017, the company recognized cost-reduction and other costs of $52.9 million. Charges related to work-force reductions were $36.7 million, principally related to severance costs, and were comprised of: (a) a charge of $5.3 million for 414 employees and $(0.2) million for changes in estimates in the U.S. and (b) a charge of $24.0 million for 376 employees, $8.2 million for additional benefits provided in 2017 and $(0.6) million for changes in estimates outside the U.S. In addition, the company recorded charges of $16.2 million comprised of $2.9 million for idle leased facilities costs, $5.2 million for contract amendment and termination costs, $3.0 million for professional fees and other expenses related to the cost-reduction effort and $5.1 million for foreign currency losses related to exiting foreign countries. The charges were recorded in the following statement of income classifications: cost of revenue – services, $27.6 million; cost of revenue - technology, $0.4 million; selling, general and administrative expenses, $19.5 million; research and development expenses, $0.3 million; and other income (expense), net, $5.1 million.
Liabilities and expected future payments related to the company’s cost-reduction actions are as follows:
 
 
 
 
Work-Force Reductions
 
Idle Leased Facilities Costs
 
 
Total
 
U.S.
 
International
 
Balance at December 31, 2017
 
$
117.8

 
$
3.9

 
$
109.6

 
$
4.3

Payments
 
(26.3
)
 
(2.2
)
 
(22.9
)
 
(1.2
)
Changes in estimates
 
(2.2
)
 
(1.2
)
 
(2.4
)
 
1.4

Translation adjustments
 
(2.1
)
 
—

 
(2.1
)
 
—

Balance at June 30, 2018
 
$
87.2

 
$
0.5

 
$
82.2

 
$
4.5

Expected future utilization on balance at June 30, 2018:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2018 remaining six months
 
$
53.4

 
$
0.5

 
$
51.8

 
$
1.1

Beyond 2018
 
$
33.8

 
$
—

 
$
30.4

 
$
3.4