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Cost-reduction actions | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2023
Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract] |
Cost-reduction actions | Cost-reduction actions The company from time to time initiates cost reduction actions designed to improve operating efficiency, reduce costs and align the company’s workforce and facility structures to its overall business plan. During 2023, the company recognized cost-reduction charges and other costs of $9.3 million. The net charges related to workforce reductions were $8.3 million, principally related to severance costs, and were comprised of: (a) a charge of $15.2 million and (b) a credit of $6.9 million for changes in estimates. In addition, the company recorded net charges of $1.0 million comprised of charges of $4.7 million primarily related to professional fees and other expenses related to cost-reduction efforts and a credit of $3.7 million for net foreign currency gains related to exiting foreign countries. During 2022, the company recognized cost-reduction charges and other costs of $54.9 million. The net charges related to workforce reductions were $7.5 million, principally related to severance costs, and were comprised of: (a) a charge of $7.1 million and (b) a charge of $0.4 million for changes in estimates. In addition, the company recorded charges of $47.4 million comprised of charges of $13.6 million related to held-for-sale assets (see Note 13, “Properties” for further details), $10.9 million for asset impairments, $11.3 million for idle leased facilities costs, $9.3 million for contract exit costs, $2.9 million for net foreign currency losses related to exiting foreign countries and a credit of $0.6 million for changes in estimates related to other cost-reduction efforts. During 2021, the company recognized cost-reduction charges and other costs of $23.2 million. The net charges related to workforce reductions were $0.4 million, principally related to severance costs, and were comprised of: (a) a charge of $12.3 million and (b) a credit of $11.9 million for changes in estimates. In addition, the company recorded charges of $22.8 million comprised of $12.6 million for asset impairments, $6.2 million for other expenses related to cost-reduction efforts and $4.0 million for net foreign currency losses related to exiting foreign countries. The charges (credits) were recorded in the following statement of income (loss) classifications:
Year ended December 31, |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Cost of revenue |  |  |  |  |  |
Services |  | $ | 4.9 |  |  | $ | 19.1 |  |  | $ | (2.5) |
Technology |  | 0.7 |  |  | 7.6 |  |  | 7.6 |
Selling, general and administrative |  | 6.9 |  |  | 24.7 |  |  | 11.1 |
Research and development |  | 0.5 |  |  | 0.6 |  |  | 3.0 |
Other (expenses), net |  | (3.7) |  |  | 2.9 |  |  | 4.0 |
Total |  | $ | 9.3 |  |  | $ | 54.9 |  |  | $ | 23.2 |
Liabilities and expected future payments related to the company’s workforce reduction actions are as follows:
|  | Total |  | U.S. |  | International
Balance at December 31, 2020 |  | $ | 55.9 |  |  | $ | 13.1 |  |  | $ | 42.8 |
Additional provisions |  | 12.3 |  |  | 7.9 |  |  | 4.4 |
Payments |  | (38.5) |  |  | (13.2) |  |  | (25.3) |
Changes in estimates |  | (11.9) |  |  | (2.1) |  |  | (9.8) |
Translation adjustments |  | (1.5) |  |  | — |  |  | (1.5) |
Balance at December 31, 2021 |  | 16.3 |  |  | 5.7 |  |  | 10.6 |
Additional provisions |  | 7.1 |  |  | 3.6 |  |  | 3.5 |
Payments |  | (11.5) |  |  | (4.1) |  |  | (7.4) |
Changes in estimates |  | 0.4 |  |  | (1.0) |  |  | 1.4 |
Translation adjustments |  | (0.6) |  |  | — |  |  | (0.6) |
Balance at December 31, 2022 |  | 11.7 |  |  | 4.2 |  |  | 7.5 |
Additional provisions |  | 15.2 |  |  | 3.4 |  |  | 11.8 |
Payments |  | (10.8) |  |  | (3.5) |  |  | (7.3) |
Changes in estimates |  | (6.9) |  |  | (1.6) |  |  | (5.3) |
Translation adjustments |  | 0.2 |  |  | — |  |  | 0.2 |
Balance at December 31, 2023 |  | $ | 9.4 |  |  | $ | 2.5 |  |  | $ | 6.9 |
Expected future payments on balance at December 31, 2023: |  |  |  |  |  |
In 2024 |  | $ | 9.4 |  |  | $ | 2.5 |  |  | $ | 6.9 |

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- Definition The entire disclosure for restructuring and related activities. Description of restructuring activities such as exit and disposal activities, include facts and circumstances leading to the plan, the expected plan completion date, the major types of costs associated with the plan activities, total expected costs, the accrual balance at the end of the period, and the periods over which the remaining accrual will be settled. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 420 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 1 -Subparagraph (b)(2) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482017/420-10-50-1 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 420 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 1 -Subparagraph (a) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482017/420-10-50-1 Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 420 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org//420/tableOfContent Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 420 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 1 -Subparagraph (e) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482017/420-10-50-1 Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 420 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section S99 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 5.P.4(e)) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479823/420-10-S99-2 + Details
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