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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2025

Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). The Company’s financial statements were prepared on a consolidated basis and include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

The Company’s fiscal year ends on December 31. The Company employs a calendar month-end reporting period for its quarterly reporting.

For reporting periods in fiscal year 2024 and prior, the Company owned a controlling financial interest of its former subsidiary, Perceive Corporation (“Perceive”, later known as Xperi Pylon Corporation). In December 2024, Perceive was dissolved after all of its remaining assets and liabilities were distributed to the Company. At the time of its dissolution, the Company recognized a loss of $4.8 million within interest and other income, net, on its consolidated statements of operations upon the derecognition of the remaining balance of the noncontrolling interests in Perceive. Refer to Note 7—Divestitures for details concerning an asset sale transaction related to Perceive.

Foreign Currency Remeasurement and Transactions

The functional currency of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries is the U.S. dollar. Accordingly, each foreign subsidiary remeasures monetary assets and liabilities at period-end exchange rates, while non-monetary items are remeasured at historical exchange rates. Revenue and expenses are remeasured at the exchange rates in effect on the day the transaction occurs, except for those expenses related to non-monetary assets and liabilities, which are remeasured at historical exchange rates. Remeasurement adjustments are recognized in interest and other income, net in the consolidated statements of operations.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. The accounting estimates and assumptions that require management’s most significant, challenging, and subjective judgment include the estimation of licensees’ quarterly royalties prior to receiving the royalty reports, the determination of stand-alone selling price and the transaction price in an arrangement with multiple performance obligations, the fair value of note receivable and deferred consideration in connection with the AutoSense in-cabin safety business and related imaging solutions (the “AutoSense Divestiture”), the assessment of useful lives and recoverability of other intangible assets and long-lived assets, recognition and measurement of current and deferred income tax assets and liabilities, the assessment of unrecognized tax benefits, and valuation of performance-based awards with a market condition. Actual results experienced by the Company may differ from management’s estimates.

Net Loss Per Share Attributable to the Company

Net loss per share attributable to the Company is computed by dividing net loss attributable to the Company for the period by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Dilutive weighted-average common shares

outstanding do not include unvested restricted stock units and stock options for the periods presented because the effect of their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive.

Revenue Recognition

Revenue is recognized when control of the promised goods or services is transferred to a customer in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services, which may include various combinations of goods and services which are generally capable of being distinct and accounted for as separate performance obligations. See Note 3—Revenue for detailed discussion on revenue recognition and disaggregation of revenue.

Revenue Recognition

General

Revenue is recognized when control of the promised goods or services is transferred to a customer in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services, which may include various combinations of goods and services which are generally capable of being distinct and accounted for as separate performance obligations. Revenue is recognized net of sales taxes collected from customers which are subsequently remitted to governmental authorities.

Some of the Company’s contracts with customers contain multiple performance obligations. For these contracts, the individual performance obligations are separately accounted for if they are distinct. In an arrangement with multiple performance obligations, the transaction price is allocated among the separate performance obligations on a relative standalone selling price (“SSP”) basis. The determination of SSP considers market conditions, the size and scope of the contract, customer and geographic information, and other factors. When observable prices are not available, SSP for separate performance obligations is generally based on the cost-plus-margin approach, considering overall pricing objectives.

When variable consideration is in the form of a sales-based or usage-based royalty in exchange for a license of technology or when a license of technology is the predominant item to which the variable consideration relates, revenue is recognized at the later of when the subsequent sale or usage occurs or the performance obligation to which some or all of the sales-based or usage-based royalty has been satisfied or partially satisfied.

Description of Revenue-Generating Activities

The Company derives the majority of its revenue from licensing its technologies and solutions to customers within the Pay-TV, Consumer Electronics, Connected Car and Media Platform product categories. Refer to Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-K for detailed information regarding these product categories.

Pay-TV

Customers within the Pay-TV category are primarily multi-channel video service providers, consumer electronics (“CE”) manufacturers, and end consumers. Revenue in this category is primarily derived from licensing the Company’s Pay-TV solutions, including Electronic Program Guides, TiVo video-over-broadband (“IPTV”) Solutions, Personalized Content Discovery and enriched Metadata.

For these solutions, the Company generally provides on-going media or data delivery, either via on-premise licensed software, hosting or access to its platform. The Company generally receives fees on a per-subscriber per-month basis or as a monthly fee, and revenue is recognized during the month in which the solutions are provided to the customer. For most of the on-premise licensed software arrangements, substantially all functionality is obtained through the Company’s frequent updating of the technology, data and content. In these instances, the Company typically has a single performance obligation related to these ongoing activities in the underlying arrangement, and revenue is generally recognized over the period the solution is provided. Hosted solutions and access to our platform is considered a single performance obligation with revenue being recognized over the period the solution is provided. In the case of certain minimum guarantee or fixed fee on-premise licensed software arrangements, revenue is recognized immediately upon the delivery of the licensed technology.

Consumer Electronics

The Company licenses its audio technologies to CE manufacturers or their supply chain partners.

The Company generally recognizes royalty revenue from licenses based on units shipped or manufactured. Revenue is recognized in the period in which the customer’s sales or production are estimated to have occurred. This may result in an adjustment to revenue when actual sales or production are subsequently reported by the customer, generally in the month or quarter following sales or production. Estimating customers’ quarterly royalties prior to receiving the royalty reports requires the Company to make significant assumptions and judgments related to forecasted trends and growth rates used to estimate quantities shipped or manufactured by customers, which could have a material impact on the amount of revenue it reports on a quarterly basis.

Certain customers enter into fixed fee or minimum guarantee agreements, whereby customers pay a fixed fee for the right to incorporate the Company’s technology in the customer’s products over the license term. In arrangements with a minimum guarantee, the fixed fee component corresponds to a minimum number of units or dollars that the customer must produce or pay, with additional per-unit fees for any units or dollars exceeding the minimum. The Company generally recognizes the full fixed fee as revenue at the beginning of the license term when the customer has the right to use the technology and begins to benefit from the license. If applicable, revenue is recognized net of the effect of any significant financing components calculated using customer-specific, risk-adjusted lending rates, with the related interest income being recognized over time on an effective rate basis. For minimum guarantee agreements where the customer exceeds the minimum, the Company recognizes revenue relating to any additional per-unit fees in the periods it estimates the customer will exceed the minimum and adjusts the revenue based on actual usage once that is reported by the customer.

Connected Car

The Company licenses its digital radio solutions, automotive infotainment and related offerings to automotive manufacturers or their supply chain partners.

The Company generally recognizes royalty revenue from these licenses based on units shipped or manufactured, similar to the revenue recognition described above in “Consumer Electronics”. Certain customers may enter into fixed fee or minimum guarantee agreements, also similar to the revenue recognition described above in “Consumer Electronics”. Automotive infotainment and related revenue is generally recognized over time as the customer obtains access to the solutions and underlying data.

Media Platform

The Company generates revenue from advertising, TV viewership data, metadata for ad measurement and programming analytics, and licensing of the core middleware solutions.

Advertising revenue is generally recognized when the related advertisement is delivered. TV viewership data revenue is generally recognized over time as the customer obtains the underlying data. Metadata for ad measurement and programming analytics is generally recognized over time as the customer obtains the scheduled data. License revenue for the core middleware solutions is generally recognized either on a per-unit royalty or a minimum guarantee or fixed fee basis, similar to “Consumer Electronics” described in the section above.

Hardware Products, Services and Settlements/Recoveries

The Company sold hardware products, primarily to end consumers, within the Pay-TV and Consumer Electronics product categories. Hardware product revenue was generally recognized when the promised product was delivered.

The Company also generates non-recurring engineering (“NRE”) revenue within all of its product categories. The Company recognizes NRE revenue as progress is made toward completion, generally using an input method based on the ratio of costs incurred to date to total estimated costs of the project.

Revenue from each of advertising, NRE services, and hardware products was less than 10% of total revenue for all periods presented.

The Company actively monitors and enforces its technology licenses, including seeking appropriate compensation from customers that have under-reported royalties owed under a license agreement and from third parties that utilize the Company’s technologies without a license. As a result of these activities, the Company may, from time to time, recognize revenue from periodic compliance audits of licensees for underreporting royalties incurred in prior periods, or from settlement of license disputes. These settlements and recoveries may cause revenue to be higher than expected during a particular reporting period and such settlements and recoveries may not occur in subsequent periods. The Company recognizes revenue from settlements and recoveries when a binding agreement has been executed or a revised royalty report has been received and the Company concludes collection is probable.

Segment Reporting

Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise for which separate financial information is available and that is evaluated on a regular basis by the chief operating decision-maker (“CODM”) in deciding how to allocate resources to an individual segment and in assessing performance. The CODM reviews financial information and manages the business on a consolidated basis for the purposes of making operating decisions, allocating resources, and evaluating financial performance. As such, the Company has determined that it has one operating segment, which is also its reportable segment. For additional information, see Note 16—Geographic and Segment Related Information.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents primarily consist of deposits maintained in domestic and foreign financial institutions.

Non-Marketable Equity Investments

The Company holds an equity method investment in a privately-held entity over which it has the ability to exercise significant influence, but does not have a controlling interest. Under the equity method, the Company records its proportionate share of income or loss in interest and other income, net, in the consolidated statements of operations. The Company monitors its non-marketable securities portfolio for potential impairment.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The carrying amount of cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued liabilities, and short-term debt approximates fair value due to the short-term nature of these instruments. Note receivable, deferred consideration from divestitures, and long-term debt are carried at amortized cost and measured at fair value on a quarterly basis for disclosure purposes.

Derivative Instruments

The Company uses derivative financial instruments to manage foreign currency exchange rate risk. The Company does not enter into derivative transactions for trading purposes. The Company’s derivative financial instruments are recorded on the consolidated balance sheets as assets or liabilities measured at fair value. For derivatives designated as a hedge, and effective as part of a hedge transaction, the effective portion of the gain or loss on the hedging derivative instrument is reported as a component of other comprehensive income (loss) and as a basis adjustment to the underlying hedged item and reclassified to earnings in the period in which the hedged item affects earnings. To the extent derivatives do not qualify or are not designated as hedges, or are ineffective, their changes in fair value are recorded in interest and other income, net immediately.

Concentration of Credit and Other Risks

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to significant concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, unbilled contracts receivable, a note receivable and deferred consideration from divestitures. The Company maintains cash and cash equivalents with large financial institutions, and at times, the deposits may exceed the federally insured limits. As part of its risk management processes, the Company performs periodic evaluations of the relative credit standing of these financial institutions. The Company has not sustained material credit losses from instruments held at these financial institutions. In addition, the Company has cash and cash equivalents held in international bank accounts that are denominated in various foreign currencies and has established risk management strategies designed to minimize the impact of certain currency exchange rate fluctuations.

The Company believes that any concentration of credit risk in its accounts receivable and unbilled contracts receivable is substantially mitigated by its evaluation process and the high level of creditworthiness of its customers. The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers’ financial condition and limits the amount of credit extended when deemed necessary, but generally requires no collateral.

For the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024, and 2023, no customer accounted for 10% or more of total revenue. As of December 31, 2025, no customer represented 10% or more of the Company’s net balance of accounts receivable, and two customers exceeded 10% of the Company’s combined net balance of current and noncurrent unbilled contracts receivable. As of December 31, 2024, no customer represented 10% or more of the Company’s net balance of accounts receivable, and one customer exceeded 10% of the Company’s combined net balance of current and noncurrent unbilled contracts receivable.

As part of the consideration for the AutoSense Divestiture, the Company received a note receivable and deferred consideration from Tobii AB (“Tobii”). Both of these instruments are exposed to credit risk arising from default on repayment from Tobii. The credit risk associated with the note receivable is mitigated by establishing a floating lien and security interest in certain of Tobii’s assets, rights, and properties, whereas the deferred consideration is not secured by any collateral. The Company utilizes valuation methodologies such as internally generated cash flow projections on the principal and interest of each instrument, along with the review of certain other data points, to determine the likelihood that the note receivable or deferred consideration will be repaid. Further, the Company assesses each instrument for credit losses and provides a reserve if full payment on the instruments may not occur as expected, in which case the reserve reflects the excess of the amortized cost basis over the results of the cash flow projections. The Company expects Tobii to make full payment on both instruments in accordance with the underlying agreement. Accordingly, no allowance for credit losses was recorded as of December 31, 2025.

Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses

The timing of revenue recognition may differ from the timing of invoicing to customers. The Company records a receivable when revenue is recognized prior to cash collection.

Payment terms and conditions vary by contract type, location of customer and the products or services offered, although terms generally require payment from a customer within 30 to 60 days. When the timing of revenue recognition differs from the timing of cash collection, an evaluation is performed to determine whether the contract includes a significant financing component.

The allowance for credit losses, which includes the allowance for accounts receivable and unbilled contracts receivable, represents the Company’s best estimate of lifetime expected credit losses inherent in those financial assets. The Company’s lifetime expected credit losses are determined using relevant information about past events (including historical experience), current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect collectability. The Company monitors its credit exposure through ongoing credit evaluations of its customers’ financial condition and limits the amount of credit extended when deemed necessary. In addition, the Company performs routine credit management activities such as timely account reconciliations, dispute resolution, and payment confirmations. The Company may employ collection agencies and legal counsel to pursue recovery of defaulted receivables.

Inventory

Inventories consist primarily of finished DVRs, non-DVRs and accessories and are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value on an aggregate basis. Cost is computed using standard cost, which approximates actual cost on a first-in, first-out basis. Adjustments to reduce the carrying amount of inventory to the lower of cost or net realizable value are made, if required, for excess or obsolete goods, which includes a review of, among other factors, demand requirements and market conditions.

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are recorded at cost, less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method over the related assets’ estimated useful lives:


Computer equipment and software		1 to 5 years
Capitalized internal-use software		3 years
Office equipment and furniture		1 to 5 years
Leasehold improvements		Lesser of related lease term or 5 years
Building and improvements		Up to 30 years

Expenditures that materially increase asset life are capitalized, while ordinary maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred.

Capitalized Internal-Use Software

The Company capitalizes certain costs incurred in connection with software development projects for internal use during the application development stage. Costs related to preliminary project activities and post implementation activities are expensed as incurred. Once the software development project is available for general release, capitalization ceases, and the Company estimates the useful life of the asset and begins amortization. Capitalized internal-use software costs are amortized on a straight-line basis over its estimated useful life.

Capitalization of Cloud Computing Costs

The Company capitalizes certain costs related to its enterprise cloud computing arrangements during the application development stage. During the post-implementation stage, these costs are amortized as hosting fees on a straight-line basis over the term of the hosting arrangements.

Identified Intangible Assets

Identified finite-lived intangible assets consist of acquired patents, existing technology, customer relationships, trademarks and trade names, and non-compete agreements resulting from acquisitions, and acquired patents under asset purchase agreements. The Company’s identified intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives, ranging from 1 to 10 years. Identified indefinite-lived intangible assets include legacy TiVo tradenames and trademarks resulting from acquisitions.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

Long-lived assets include property and equipment, operating lease right-of-use (“ROU”) assets, and intangible assets. The Company reviews its long-lived assets for possible impairment whenever events or changes in business circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets may not be fully recoverable. Such events and changes may include: a significant decrease in market value, changes in asset use, negative industry or economic trends, and changes in the Company’s business strategy. The Company measures recoverability of these assets by comparing the carrying amounts to the future undiscounted cash flows that the assets or the asset group are expected to generate. If the carrying value of the assets is not recoverable, an impairment charge is recognized for the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the assets.

For identified indefinite-lived intangible assets resulting from acquisitions, the Company evaluates their carrying value on an annual basis, and an impairment charge would be recognized to the extent that the carrying amount of such assets exceeds their estimated fair value.

Accounts Receivable Securitization Facility

Under the accounts receivable securitization program (the “AR Facility”) described in Note 9—Debt and Receivables Securitization, certain of the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiaries (collectively, the “Originators”) agree to periodically transfer and sell their trade receivables such as accounts receivable and unbilled contracts receivable, along with all related rights to a special purpose subsidiary, which the Company controls and consolidates in its financial statements. Once sold, the Originators have no continuing involvement in the transferred receivables.

In turn, the trade receivables held by the special purpose subsidiary are pledged as collateral against the amounts drawn from the AR Facility with PNC Bank, National Association (“PNC”), which the Company accounts for as a secured borrowing. The outstanding loan amount is classified as long-term debt in the consolidated balance sheets.

Leases

The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception. Operating leases are recognized as ROU assets, along with their corresponding current and noncurrent lease liabilities in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. The ROU assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease term, and lease liabilities represent the Company’s obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. As most of the leases do not provide an implicit rate, the

Company generally uses its incremental borrowing rate based on the estimated rate of interest for collateralized borrowing over a similar term of the lease payments at commencement date. The Company’s lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease, and these terms are factored into the valuation of ROU assets and liabilities when it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise that option. Lease expense for lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

The Company accounts for lease and non-lease components such as common area maintenance costs separately. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded on the balance sheets; expense for these leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Variable lease payments are expensed as incurred and are not included within the lease liability and ROU assets calculation.

Research and Development

Research and development costs are comprised primarily of employee-related costs, stock-based compensation expense, engineering consulting expenses associated with new product and technology development, product commercialization, quality assurance and testing costs, as well as costs related to information technology, patent applications and examinations, materials, supplies, and an allocation of facilities costs. All research and development costs are expensed as incurred.

Stock-based Compensation

Prior to the Separation, certain Company employees participated in the Former Parent’s equity programs. Stock-based compensation expense has been attributed to the Company based on the awards and terms previously granted to the Company’s direct employees, as well as an allocation of the Former Parent’s corporate and shared functional employee expenses.

Stock-based compensation is measured at the grant date based on the estimated fair value of the award and is recognized on a straight-line basis, net of estimated forfeitures, over the requisite service or performance period. Forfeiture rates are estimated at the time of grant and revised, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates. If the actual forfeiture rate is materially different from the estimate, stock-based compensation expense could be significantly different from what was recorded in the current period.

The Company uses the closing trading price of its common stock on the date of grant as the fair value of awards of restricted stock units (“RSUs”), and performance-based restricted stock units (“PSUs”) that are based on company-designated performance targets. For PSUs that are based on market conditions, or market-based PSUs, fair value is estimated by using a Monte Carlo simulation on the date of grant. The Company estimates the grant-date fair value of stock to be issued under the employee stock purchase plan (“ESPP”) using the Black-Scholes pricing model.

Income Taxes

Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amount of assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and operating loss and tax carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates applicable to the years in which those temporary differences are expected to reverse. A valuation allowance is recorded to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount that is more likely than not to be realized.

From time to time, the Company engages in transactions in which the tax consequences may be subject to uncertainty. Significant judgment is required in assessing and estimating the tax consequences of these transactions. Accruals for unrecognized tax benefit liabilities, which represent the difference between a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return and the benefit recognized for financial reporting purposes, are recorded when the Company believes it is not more-likely-than-not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities based on the technical merits of the position. Adjustments to unrecognized tax benefits are recognized when facts and circumstances change, such as the closing of a tax audit, notice of an assessment by a taxing authority or the refinement of an estimate. Income tax benefit includes the effects of adjustments to unrecognized tax benefits, as well as any related interest and penalties.

Advertising Costs

Advertising costs are expensed as incurred and are presented within selling, general and administrative expense in the consolidated statements of operations. Advertising expenses for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023, were $10.6 million, $9.9 million, and $8.1 million, respectively.

Contingencies

From time to time, the Company may be involved in legal and administrative proceedings and claims of various types. The Company records a liability in its consolidated financial statements for these matters when a loss is known or considered probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated. Management reviews these estimates in each accounting period as additional information becomes known and adjusts the loss provision when appropriate. If the loss is not probable or cannot be reasonably estimated, a liability is not recorded in the consolidated financial statements. If a loss is probable but the amount of loss cannot be reasonably estimated, the Company discloses the loss contingency and an estimate of possible loss or range of loss (unless such an estimate cannot be made). The Company does not recognize gain contingencies until they are realized. Legal costs incurred in connection with loss contingencies are expensed as incurred.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

The following are ASUs issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) that are relevant to the Company’s consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

Accounting Standard Adopted

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which requires disclosure of specific categories in the effective tax rate reconciliation and additional information for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold and further disaggregation of income taxes paid for individually significant jurisdictions. The Company adopted this guidance on a prospective basis within its December 31, 2025 consolidated financial statements. For further information, refer to Note 14—Income Taxes.

Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income—Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses. The standard requires that public business entities disclose additional information about specific expense categories in the notes to financial statements for interim and annual reporting periods. The standard will become effective for the Company’s 2027 annual financial statements and interim financial statements thereafter and may be applied prospectively to periods after the adoption date or retrospectively for all prior periods presented in the financial statements, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this guidance on the disclosures within its consolidated financial statements.

In July 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-05, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses for Accounts Receivable and Contract Assets. The update guidance aims to simplify how all entities currently estimate expected credit losses for their outstanding trade and other related receivables arising from revenue transactions and provides a practical expedient available for election by public entities. Once elected, all public entities are no longer required to consider forecasted information when estimating expected credit losses, but only the historical and current economic conditions relevant to the collectibility of the trade and other related receivables. The updated guidance will become effective on a prospective basis for the Company in the first quarter of 2026. The Company does not expect the impact upon adoption to be material to its consolidated financial statements.

In September 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-06, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other—Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Targeted Improvements to the Accounting for Internal-Use Software. This updated guidance eliminates the consideration of software project development stages and introduces additional considerations for the existing probability threshold assessment on completing a software development project. Entities are required to assess whether significant uncertainty exists in the development activities of the software before capitalizing any software costs, and such uncertainty is considered to exist if the project involves any technological innovations with novel and unproven features or unidentified significant performance requirements. The updated guidance will become effective for the Company in the first quarter of 2028 and may be adopted on either a prospective basis, full retrospective basis, or modified prospective basis with a cumulative-effect adjustment through retained earnings. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this guidance on its consolidated financial statements.