<SEC-DOCUMENT>0001140361-24-050005.txt : 20241220
<SEC-HEADER>0001140361-24-050005.hdr.sgml : 20241220
<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20241220075019
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0001140361-24-050005
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	8-K
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		15
CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT:	20241220
ITEM INFORMATION:		Other Events
ITEM INFORMATION:		Financial Statements and Exhibits
FILED AS OF DATE:		20241220
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20241220

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			GALECTIN THERAPEUTICS INC
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0001133416
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS [2834]
		ORGANIZATION NAME:           	03 Life Sciences
		IRS NUMBER:				043562325
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			NV
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1231

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		8-K
		SEC ACT:		1934 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	001-31791
		FILM NUMBER:		241565142

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		4960 PEACHTREE INDUSTRIAL BOULEVARD
		STREET 2:		SUITE 240
		CITY:			NORCROSS
		STATE:			GA
		ZIP:			30071
		BUSINESS PHONE:		678-620-3186

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		4960 PEACHTREE INDUSTRIAL BOULEVARD
		STREET 2:		SUITE 240
		CITY:			NORCROSS
		STATE:			GA
		ZIP:			30071

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	PRO PHARMACEUTICALS INC
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	20010612
</SEC-HEADER>
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      <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 14pt; font-weight: bold;">UNITED STATES</div>

      <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 14pt; font-weight: bold;">SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION</div>

      <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; font-variant: small-caps; font-weight: bold;">WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549</div>

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              <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-weight: bold; font-size: 18pt;">FORM <ix:nonNumeric name="dei:DocumentType" id="Fact_7654dc535f28488eb4d3fb2e2316ba4b" contextRef="c20241220to20241220">8-K</ix:nonNumeric></div>
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      <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">CURRENT REPORT</div>

      <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE</div>

      <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934</div>

      <div style="font-size: 10pt;"><br/>
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    <td style="width: 33.33%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;">
              <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation)</div>
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              <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">(Commission File Number)</div>
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              <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">(IRS Employer Identification No.)</div>
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      <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;"><ix:nonNumeric name="dei:EntityAddressAddressLine1" id="Fact_84a81062a0674f2da857a301417dea7b" contextRef="c20241220to20241220">4960 PEACHTREE INDUSTRIAL BOULEVARD</ix:nonNumeric>, <ix:nonNumeric name="dei:EntityAddressAddressLine2" id="Fact_8b7efcb5104a4986843197166db6a1a8" contextRef="c20241220to20241220">STE 240</ix:nonNumeric></div>

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      <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">N/A</div>

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      <div style="font-size: 10pt;"><br/>
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      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 18pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the
        following provisions (see General Instruction A.2. below):</div>

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    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-size: 10pt;">
              <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)</div>
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              <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)</div>
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    <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonNumeric name="dei:PreCommencementTenderOffer" id="Fact_99931e357d62431880b16c40351fe5e9" contextRef="c20241220to20241220" format="ixt-sec:boolballotbox">&#9744;</ix:nonNumeric></td>

    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-size: 10pt;">
              <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))</div>
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    <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;"><ix:nonNumeric name="dei:PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" id="Fact_1ccee5d29bba4eaa9e38412f344002c1" contextRef="c20241220to20241220" format="ixt-sec:boolballotbox">&#9744;</ix:nonNumeric><br/>
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    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-size: 10pt;">
              <div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))</div>
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      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>

      <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">&#167;</span>230.405 of this chapter) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">&#167;</span>240.12b-2 of this chapter).</div>

      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>

      <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">Emerging growth company <ix:nonNumeric name="dei:EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" id="Fact_47d63489f4e041bab426b7e604c29b8e" contextRef="c20241220to20241220" format="ixt-sec:boolballotbox">&#9744;</ix:nonNumeric></div>

      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>

      <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised
        financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. &#9744;</div>

      <div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><br/>
        </span></div>

      <div style="text-align: center; color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">&#160;</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of
          the Act:</span></div>

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      </div>

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    <td style="width: 38.91%; vertical-align: top; border-width: 2px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 10pt;">
              <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-weight: bold;">Title of each class</div>
            </td>

    <td style="width: 18.43%; vertical-align: top; border-right: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 10pt; border-top: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">
              <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-weight: bold;">Trading Symbol</div>
            </td>

    <td style="width: 42.67%; vertical-align: top; border-right: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 10pt; border-top: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">
              <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-weight: bold;">Name of each exchange on which registered</div>
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  <tr>

    <td style="width: 38.91%; vertical-align: top; border-left: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); border-right: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 10pt;">
              <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><ix:nonNumeric name="dei:Security12bTitle" id="Fact_c266f726dd944914aee38676d4c9b0c1" contextRef="c20241220to20241220">Common Stock $0.001par value per share</ix:nonNumeric><br/>
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    <td style="width: 18.43%; vertical-align: top; border-right: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 10pt;">
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            </td>

    <td style="width: 42.67%; vertical-align: top; border-right: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 10pt;">
              <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden:Fact_e9ac570505e548008af5deb9eba7ee7f">The Nasdaq Stock Market</span><br/>
              </div>
            </td>

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      <div style="font-size: 10pt;"><br/>
      </div>

      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">
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          <hr style="margin: 4px 0px; width: 100%; border-width: 0; height: 2px; color: #000000; background-color: #000000; clear: both;"/></div>

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      <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">SECTION 8 &#8211; OTHER ITEMS</div>

      <div style="font-size: 10pt;"><br/>
      </div>

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    <td style="width: 45pt; vertical-align: top; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Item 8.01</td>

    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-size: 10pt;">
              <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-weight: bold;">Other Items.</div>
            </td>

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</table>
      <div style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</div>

      <div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 27pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">On<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> December 20, 2024</span>, Galectin Therapeutics Inc. (the &#8220;Company) issued the
        press release attached hereto as Exhibit 99.1, and incorporated herein by reference.</div>

      <div style="font-size: 10pt;"><br/>
      </div>

      <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">SECTION 9 &#8211; FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND EXHIBITS</div>

      <div style="font-size: 10pt;"><br/>
      </div>

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    <td style="width: 45pt; vertical-align: top; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">Item 9.01</td>

    <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-size: 10pt;">
              <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-weight: bold;">Financial Statements and Exhibits.</div>
            </td>

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      <div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 36pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">(d) Exhibits.</div>

      <div style="font-size: 10pt;"><br/>
      </div>

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    <td style="width: 6%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;" colspan="1">&#160;</td>

    <td style="width: 20%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Exhibit Number</span></div>
            </td>

    <td style="width: 74%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Description</span></div>
            </td>

  </tr>

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    <td style="width: 6%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;" colspan="1">&#160;</td>

    <td style="width: 20%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>

    <td style="width: 74%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>

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    <td style="width: 6%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;" colspan="1">&#160;</td>

    <td style="width: 20%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><a href="ef20040433_ex99-1.htm">99.1</a></div>
            </td>

    <td style="width: 74%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;">
              <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Press Release dated December 20, 2024</div>
            </td>

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      <div style="font-size: 10pt;"><br/>
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      <div style="text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">SIGNATURES</div>

      <div style="font-size: 10pt;"><br/>
      </div>

      <div style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 40.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt;">Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, Galectin Therapeutics Inc. has duly caused this report to be signed on its
        behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.</div>

      <div style="font-size: 10pt;"><br/>
      </div>

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              <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><br/>
              </div>
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    <td style="width: 3%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>

    <td style="vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;" colspan="2">
              <div style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Galectin Therapeutics Inc.</div>
            </td>

  </tr>

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    <td style="width: 50%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>

    <td style="width: 3%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>

    <td style="vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;" colspan="2">&#160;</td>

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    <td style="width: 50%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2px;">
              <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Date: December 20, 2024</div>
            </td>

    <td style="width: 3%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2px;">
              <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">By:</div>
            </td>

    <td style="width: 24%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">
              <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">&#160;/s/ Jack W. Callicutt</div>
            </td>

    <td style="width: 23%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2px;">&#160;</td>

  </tr>

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    <td style="width: 50%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;">
              <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><br/>
              </div>
            </td>

    <td style="width: 3%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>

    <td style="vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;" colspan="2">
              <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Jack W. Callicutt</div>
            </td>

  </tr>

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    <td style="width: 50%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;">
              <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><br/>
              </div>
            </td>

    <td style="width: 3%; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>

    <td style="vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt;" colspan="2">
              <div style="text-align: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Chief Financial Officer</div>
            </td>

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    <div style="text-align: right;"><font style="font-weight: bold;">Exhibit 99.1</font><br>
    </div>
    <br>
    <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-weight: bold;"><img src="image00001.jpg"></div>
    <div>&#160;</div>
    <div style="text-align: center; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-weight: bold;">Galectin Therapeutics Announces Top-Line Results of NAVIGATE Clinical Trial Evaluating Belapectin in Patients with Cirrhotic Portal Hypertension Caused by MASH</div>
    <div>&#160;</div>
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          <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">&#8226;</td>
          <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-weight: bold;">In the pre-specified per-protocol population, belapectin showed a statistically significant reduction (p-value &lt; 0.05) in development of esophageal varices in 2mg/kg cohort compared to
              placebo</div>
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          </td>
          <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">&#8226;</td>
          <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-weight: bold;">While there was a favorable trend for incidence of varices in the primary end point intent-to-treat population, belapectin did not achieve statistical significance</div>
          </td>
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          </td>
          <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">&#8226;</td>
          <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-weight: bold;">Belapectin was overall well tolerated with no safety signals; incidence of adverse events and serious adverse events were comparable across the three cohorts</div>
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        <tr>
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          </td>
          <td style="width: 18pt; vertical-align: top; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">&#8226;</td>
          <td style="width: auto; vertical-align: top;">
            <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-weight: bold;">Additional data to be presented in early 2025</div>
          </td>
        </tr>

    </table>
    <div>&#160;</div>
    <div style="color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;"><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold;">NORCROSS, Ga., December 20, 2024 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE)</font><font style="font-size: 10pt;"> &#8211; <u>Galectin Therapeutics, Inc.</u> (NASDAQ: GALT), the leading
        developer of therapeutics that target galectin proteins, today announced results from its global clinical trial NAVIGATE evaluating belapectin in patients with Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis (MASH) cirrhosis and portal
        hypertension.</font></div>
    <div>&#160;</div>
    <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">The NAVIGATE trial (<u>NCT04365868</u>) is a global, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study conducted in over 130 sites in 5 continents, across 15 countries including the U.S., Canada, Mexico,
      Australia, U.K, France, Germany, Korea and Israel. 355 patients were randomized 1:1:1 to receive intra-venously either belapectin 2mg/kg of lean body mass (LBM) (n=119), belapectin 4 mg/kg/LBM (n=118) or placebo (n=118) every other week for 18
      months. The primary endpoint was defined as the prevention of varices, assessed as a composite clinical outcome that included subjects with any varices, those with intercurrent events, or those without an endoscopy or intercurrent events at 18
      months. Intercurrent events were defined as any liver-related complication, treatment discontinuation due to adverse events, use of non-selective beta-blockers (NSBB) or GLP-1 agonists for more than 12 months or undergoing a TIPS procedure. The most
      common intercurrent event was prolonged use of NSBB or GLP-1 agonists.</div>
    <div>&#160;</div>
    <div style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;" class="BRPFPageBreakArea">
      <div style="text-align: right;" class="BRPFPageNumberArea"><font style="font-size: 8pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">1</font></div>
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    <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">In the intent-to-treat (ITT) population (N=355), while the incidence of varices was <a name="z_Hlk185336777"></a>43.2% reduced in the belapectin 2 mg/kg dose group vs placebo, the composite endpoint did not reach
      statistical significance. The per-protocol population (PPP) was pre-defined as subjects who completed 18 months of therapy with upper endoscopy performed at both baseline and 18 months. In the PPP (n=290), the incidence of varices was reduced by
      48.9% (compared to the targeted 52.5% reduction) in the belapectin 2 mg/kg dose group (p-value &lt; 0.05). These clinical outcomes (lower incidence of varices) were supported by non-invasive measures, where liver stiffness assessed by Fibroscan&#174;
      indicated a 50% lower number of subjects with worsening stiffness (defined as an increase of &#8805;5 kPa or &#8805;25%; thresholds associated with worse clinical outcomes).</div>
    <div>&#160;</div>
    <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">As in prior trials, the safety profile of belapectin remains highly encouraging with incidence of adverse events and serious adverse events comparable across the three cohorts. Rates of discontinuation, adverse events
      (AEs), and serious adverse events (SAEs) were comparable to placebo, with no drug-related SAEs reported in the NAVIGATE trial.</div>
    <div>&#160;</div>
    <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Dr. Khurram Jamil, Chief Medical Officer at Galectin Therapeutics, stated &#8220;While we had hoped that the NAVIGATE trial would meet its composite primary endpoint, we are highly encouraged by trends we have seen at only
      18 months of treatment in the ITT population and by the statistically significant 48.9% reduction in new varices noted in the per-protocol population with belapectin 2 mg. All enrolled subjects transitioned into a 36-month treatment period, with
      approximately 50 subjects completing the full 36 months to date. We are still analyzing the extensive data from the trial and anticipate providing multiple clinical updates from the subjects completing 36-month therapy, as well as additional
      biomarker data in Q1 2025.&#8221;</div>
    <div>&#160;</div>
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      <div style="text-align: right;" class="BRPFPageNumberArea"><font style="font-size: 8pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">2</font></div>
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    </div>
    <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Joel Lewis, Chief Executive Officer at Galectin Therapeutics, added &#8220;We remain optimistic about belapectin's potential as an important therapy for patients with MASH cirrhosis and portal hypertension, a population with
      an unmet medical need that we believe is much larger than current estimates suggest. I would like to extend our gratitude to the investigators, their staff, and the patients and their caregivers who participated in the NAVIGATE trial for their
      commitment and dedication. We look forward to sharing the additional results in the first quarter of 2025 and engaging with potential pharmaceutical partners and medical experts to determine the optimal next steps in belapectin&#8217;s development.&#8221;</div>
    <div>&#160;</div>
    <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Dr. Naim Alkhouri, Chief Medical Officer and Director of the Steatotic Liver Program at Arizona Liver Health, added &#8220;I am encouraged by the results demonstrating an approximately 49% reduction in the development of
      varices in patients with MASH cirrhosis with the previously studied belapectin dose of 2 mg in such a large, global trial. I believe the results warrant further clinical development as belapectin could become a pivotal therapeutic option for these
      patients that currently do not have any treatment options.&#8221;</div>
    <div>&#160;</div>
    <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Dr. Naga Chalasani, David W. Crabb Professor of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Adjunct Professor of Anatomy, Cell Biology &amp; Physiology at Indiana University School of Medicine, stated: &#8220;I have been involved
      with the belapectin development program in MASH cirrhosis since the beginning and am very pleased to see that prevention of esophageal varices in patients with MASH cirrhosis in this large NAVIGATE clinical trial confirmed the results that were seen
      in the previous trial conducted by Galectin in the 2 mg/kg cohort.&#160; Belapectin clearly is offering a reproducible benefit and should be continued in clinical development as there is a significant unmet need for patients with MASH cirrhosis.&#8221;</div>
    <div>&#160;</div>
    <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Based on results from previous clinical and preliminary nonclinical studies, as well as preliminary data from the NAVIGATE trial, the lack of increased efficacy at the 4 mg dose of belapectin is likely due to saturable
      binding dynamics and interactions with Galectin-3 proteins. Specifically, the 2 mg dose may provide optimal therapeutic effects, while the 4 mg and greater doses may provide more available circulating belapectin but will not lead to greater binding
      and an increase in pharmacodynamic effects, leading to saturable drug disposition and the appearance of reduced efficacy.&#160; The Company is performing further analysis on the pharmacodynamic data from the NAVIGATE trial.</div>
    <div>&#160;</div>
    <div style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;" class="BRPFPageBreakArea">
      <div style="text-align: right;" class="BRPFPageNumberArea"><font style="font-size: 8pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">3</font></div>
      <div style="page-break-after: always;" class="BRPFPageBreak">
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    </div>
    <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Additionally, the Company is currently conducting the full analysis of the NAVIGATE trial data and anticipates having additional data from approximately 50 patients that have completed 36-months of treatment with
      belapectin in early 2025. Once available, Galectin will provide clinical updates and determine next steps for belapectin development.</div>
    <div>&#160;</div>
    <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-weight: bold;">About Galectin Therapeutics</div>
    <div>&#160;</div>
    <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Galectin Therapeutics is dedicated to developing novel therapies to improve the lives of patients with chronic liver disease and cancer. Galectin&#8217;s lead drug belapectin is a carbohydrate-based drug that inhibits the
      galectin-3 protein, which is directly involved in multiple inflammatory, fibrotic, and malignant diseases, for which it has Fast Track designation by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. The lead development program is in metabolic
      dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH, formerly known as nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, or NASH) with cirrhosis, the most advanced form of MASH-related fibrosis. Liver cirrhosis is one of the most pressing medical needs and a significant drug
      development opportunity. Additional development programs are in treatment of combination immunotherapy for advanced head and neck cancers and other malignancies. Advancement of these additional clinical programs is largely dependent on finding a
      suitable partner. Galectin seeks to leverage extensive scientific and development expertise as well as established relationships with external sources to achieve cost-effective and efficient development. Additional information is available at <u><font style="font-weight: bold;">www.galectintherapeutics.com</font></u>.</div>
    <div>&#160;</div>
    <div style="clear: both; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt;" class="BRPFPageBreakArea">
      <div style="text-align: right;" class="BRPFPageNumberArea"><font style="font-size: 8pt; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">4</font></div>
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    </div>
    <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-weight: bold;">Forward Looking Statements</div>
    <div>&#160;</div>
    <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">This press release contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements relate to future events or future financial performance, and use words
      such as &#8220;may,&#8221; &#8220;estimate,&#8221; &#8220;could,&#8221; &#8220;expect,&#8221; &#8220;look forward,&#8221; &#8220;believe,&#8221; &#8220;hope&#8221; and others. They are based on management&#8217;s current expectations and are subject to factors and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from
      those described in the statements. These statements include those regarding the hope that Galectin&#8217;s development program for belapectin will lead to the first therapy for the treatment of MASH, formerly known as NASH, with cirrhosis and those
      regarding the hope that our lead compounds will be successful in cancer immunotherapy and in other therapeutic indications. Factors that could cause actual performance to differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements
      include, among others, that trial endpoints required by the FDA may not be achieved; Galectin may not be successful in developing effective treatments and/or obtaining the requisite approvals for the use of belapectin or any of its other drugs in
      development; the Company may not be successful in scaling up manufacturing and meeting requirements related to chemistry, manufacturing and control matters; the Company&#8217;s current clinical trial and any future clinical studies may not produce positive
      results in a timely fashion, if at all, and could require larger and longer trials, which would be time consuming and costly; plans regarding development, approval and marketing of any of Galectin&#8217;s drugs are subject to change at any time based on
      the changing needs of the Company as determined by management and regulatory agencies; regardless of the results of any of its development programs, Galectin may be unsuccessful in developing partnerships with other companies or raising additional
      capital that would allow it to further develop and/or fund any studies or trials. Galectin has incurred operating losses since inception, and its ability to successfully develop and market drugs may be impacted by its ability to manage costs and
      finance continuing operations. For a discussion of additional factors impacting Galectin&#8217;s business, see the Company&#8217;s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, and subsequent filings with the SEC. You should not place undue
      reliance on forward-looking statements. Although subsequent events may cause its views to change, management disclaims any obligation to update forward-looking statements.</div>
    <div>&#160;</div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-weight: bold;">Company Contact:</div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Jack Callicutt, Chief Financial Officer</div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">(678) 620-3186</div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">ir@galectintherapeutics.com</div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-weight: bold;">Investors Relations Contacts:</div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Kevin Gardner</div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"><u>kgardner@lifesciadvisors.com</u></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Chris Calabrese</div>
    <div style="text-align: justify; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"><u>ccalabrese@lifesciadvisors.com</u></div>
    <div><br>
    </div>
    <div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Galectin Therapeutics and its associated logo is a registered trademark of Galectin Therapeutics Inc. Belapectin is the USAN assigned name for Galectin Therapeutics&#8217; galectin-3 inhibitor belapectin.</div>
    <div>&#160;</div>
    <div style="text-align: center; color: #000000; font-weight: bold;">#&#160;&#160; #&#160;&#160; #</div>
    <div style="text-align: right;"> <font style="font-size: 8pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">6</font></div>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.LAB
<SEQUENCE>4
<FILENAME>galt-20241220_lab.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION LABEL LINKBASE
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
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<!--Generated by Broadridge PROfile 24.12.1.5274 Broadridge-->
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_DocumentType" xlink:label="DocumentType" xlink:title="DocumentType" />
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_WrittenCommunications" xlink:label="WrittenCommunications" xlink:title="WrittenCommunications" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_WrittenCommunications" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_WrittenCommunications" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_WrittenCommunications">Written Communications</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:label="SolicitingMaterial" xlink:title="SolicitingMaterial" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_SolicitingMaterial" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_SolicitingMaterial">Soliciting Material</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="SolicitingMaterial" xlink:to="dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:title="label: SolicitingMaterial to dei_SolicitingMaterial" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:label="PreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:title="PreCommencementTenderOffer" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer">Pre-commencement Tender Offer</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:to="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:title="label: PreCommencementTenderOffer to dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:label="PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:title="PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer">Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:to="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:title="label: PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer to dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" />
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_AmendmentFlag" xlink:label="AmendmentFlag" xlink:title="AmendmentFlag" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_AmendmentFlag" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_AmendmentFlag" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_AmendmentFlag">Amendment Flag</link:label>
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus">Document Fiscal Year Focus</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" xlink:label="DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" xlink:title="DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" />
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_EntityRegistrantName" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_EntityRegistrantName">Entity Registrant Name</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:label="EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:title="EntityCentralIndexKey" />
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityFileNumber" xlink:label="EntityFileNumber" xlink:title="EntityFileNumber" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityFileNumber" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_EntityFileNumber" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_EntityFileNumber">Entity File Number</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:label="EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:title="EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber">Entity Tax Identification Number</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:label="EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:title="EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" />
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:label="EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:title="EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" />
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    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1">Entity Address, Address Line One</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" xlink:label="EntityAddressAddressLine2" xlink:title="EntityAddressAddressLine2" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2">Entity Address, Address Line Two</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3" xlink:label="EntityAddressAddressLine3" xlink:title="EntityAddressAddressLine3" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3">Entity Address, Address Line Three</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:label="EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:title="EntityAddressCityOrTown" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown">Entity Address, City or Town</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:label="EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:title="EntityAddressStateOrProvince" />
    <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:title="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xml:lang="en-US" id="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince">Entity Address, State or Province</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCountry" xlink:label="EntityAddressCountry" xlink:title="EntityAddressCountry" />
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.PRE
<SEQUENCE>5
<FILENAME>galt-20241220_pre.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION PRESENTATION LINKBASE
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
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<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.24.4</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46507122668128">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Document and Entity Information<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 20, 2024</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CoverAbstract', window );"><strong>Cover [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentType', window );">Document Type</a></td>
<td class="text">8-K<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_AmendmentFlag', window );">Amendment Flag</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate', window );">Document Period End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">Dec. 20,  2024<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityFileNumber', window );">Entity File Number</a></td>
<td class="text">001-31791<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName', window );">Entity Registrant Name</a></td>
<td class="text">GALECTIN THERAPEUTICS INC.<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey', window );">Entity Central Index Key</a></td>
<td class="text">0001133416<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode', window );">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</a></td>
<td class="text">NV<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber', window );">Entity Tax Identification Number</a></td>
<td class="text">04-3562325<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1', window );">Entity Address, Address Line One</a></td>
<td class="text">4960 PEACHTREE INDUSTRIAL BOULEVARD<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2', window );">Entity Address, Address Line Two</a></td>
<td class="text">STE 240<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown', window );">Entity Address, City or Town</a></td>
<td class="text">NORCROSS<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince', window );">Entity Address, State or Province</a></td>
<td class="text">GA<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode', window );">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</a></td>
<td class="text">30071<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CityAreaCode', window );">City Area Code</a></td>
<td class="text">678<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber', window );">Local Phone Number</a></td>
<td class="text">620-3186<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_Security12bTitle', window );">Title of 12(b) Security</a></td>
<td class="text">Common Stock $0.001par value per share<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_TradingSymbol', window );">Trading Symbol</a></td>
<td class="text">GALT<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName', window );">Security Exchange Name</a></td>
<td class="text">NASDAQ<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany', window );">Entity Emerging Growth Company</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_WrittenCommunications', window );">Written Communications</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial', window );">Soliciting Material</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_AmendmentFlag">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the XBRL content amends previously-filed or accepted submission.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_AmendmentFlag</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CityAreaCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Area code of city</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CityAreaCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CoverAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Cover page.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CoverAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>For the EDGAR submission types of Form 8-K: the date of the report, the date of the earliest event reported; for the EDGAR submission types of Form N-1A: the filing date; for all other submission types: the end of the reporting or transition period. The format of the date is YYYY-MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentType">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The type of document being provided (such as 10-K, 10-Q, 485BPOS, etc). The document type is limited to the same value as the supporting SEC submission type, or the word 'Other'.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:submissionTypeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Address Line 1 such as Attn, Building Name, Street Name</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Address Line 2 such as Street or Suite number</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the City or Town</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Code for the postal or zip code</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the state or province.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:stateOrProvinceItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCentralIndexKey</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:centralIndexKeyItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate if registrant meets the emerging growth company criteria.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityFileNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Commission file number. The field allows up to 17 characters. The prefix may contain 1-3 digits, the sequence number may contain 1-8 digits, the optional suffix may contain 1-4 characters, and the fields are separated with a hyphen.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityFileNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:fileNumberItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Two-character EDGAR code representing the state or country of incorporation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarStateCountryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityRegistrantName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The Tax Identification Number (TIN), also known as an Employer Identification Number (EIN), is a unique 9-digit value assigned by the IRS.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:employerIdItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Local phone number for entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LocalPhoneNumber</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 13e<br> -Subsection 4c<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 14d<br> -Subsection 2b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_Security12bTitle">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Title of a 12(b) registered security.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_Security12bTitle</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:securityTitleItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the Exchange on which a security is registered.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection d1-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SecurityExchangeName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 14a<br> -Subsection 12<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SolicitingMaterial</td>
</tr>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Trading symbol of an instrument as listed on an exchange.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_TradingSymbol</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:tradingSymbolItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_WrittenCommunications">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Securities Act<br> -Number 230<br> -Section 425<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_WrittenCommunications</td>
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<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td>duration</td>
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