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Income taxes
12 Months Ended
Nov. 30, 2021
Income taxes  
Income taxes

12)    Income taxes

Income tax expense differs from the amount that would result from applying the Canadian federal and provincial income tax rates to earnings before income taxes. These differences result from the following items:

in thousands of dollars

November 30, 2021

November 30, 2020

November 30, 2019

    

$

    

    

$

    

    

$

    

Combined federal and provincial statutory tax rate

27.00

%  

27.00

%  

27.00

%

Income tax (recovery) at statutory rate

(5,848)

43,677

(7,534)

Difference in foreign tax rates

(194)

2,424

(281)

Impact of change in tax rate

Effect of foreign exchange changes

(4)

Non-deductible expenditures

937

1,009

4,061

Income from option payments applied as proceeds of sale

(8,812)

Return to provision adjustments

116

(6)

193

Impact of new lease accounting rules (ASC 842 adoption)

(28)

Expiry of Losses

277

Change in valuation allowance

4,989

(38,260)

3,284

Income tax recovery (expense)

Deferred income taxes arise from temporary differences in the recognition of income and expenses for financial reporting and tax purposes. The significant components of deferred income tax assets and liabilities at November 30, 2021 and 2020 are as follows:

in thousands of dollars

 

November 30, 2021

November 30, 2020

 

    

$

  

  

$

  

Deferred income tax assets

  

 

  

Non-capital losses

54,502

 

51,250

Mineral property interest

447

 

Deferred interest

6,251

 

6,251

Property, plant and equipment

82

 

88

Lease liability

112

153

Share issuance costs

103

 

267

Capital Loss

 

Investments

 

Other deductible temporary differences

197

 

223

Total deferred tax assets

61,694

 

58,232

Valuation allowance

(34,249)

 

(29,259)

Net deferred income tax assets

27,445

 

28,973

Deferred income tax liabilities

  

 

  

Investment in Ambler Metals LLC

(27,315)

(28,844)

Right of use asset

(130)

(129)

Other taxable temporary differences

 

Deferred income tax liabilities

(27,445)

 

(28,973)

Net deferred income tax assets

 

The Company has loss carry-forwards of approximately $194 million that may be available for tax purposes. Certain of these losses occurred prior to the incorporation of the Company and are accounted for in the financial statements as if they were incurred by the Company. Prior to the NovaGold Arrangement, the Company undertook a tax reorganization in order to preserve the future deductibility of these losses for the Company, subject to the limitations below. Deferred tax assets have been recognized to the extent of future taxable income and the future taxable amounts related to taxable temporary differences for which a deferred tax liability is recognized can be offset. A valuation allowance has been provided against deferred income tax assets where it is not more likely than not that the Company will realize those benefits.

The losses expire as follows in the following jurisdictions:

in thousands of dollars

Non-capital losses

Operating losses

Canada

United States

    

$

  

  

$

  

2022

366

2023

960

2024

569

2025

1,530

Thereafter

51,808

139,099

51,808

142,524

Future use of U.S. loss carry-forwards is subject to certain limitations under provisions of the Internal Revenue Code including limitations subject to Section 382, which relates to a 50% change in control over a three-year period and are further dependent upon the Company attaining profitable operations. An ownership change under Section 382 occurred on January 22, 2009 regarding losses incurred by AGC, of which the attributes of those losses were transferred to Trilogy Metals US with the purchase of the mineral property in October 2011. Therefore, approximately $39.4 million of the U.S. losses above are subject to limitation under Section 382. Accordingly, the Company’s ability to use these losses may be limited. An additional change in control may have occurred after November 30, 2011 which may further limit the availability of losses prior to the date of change in control.

Furthermore, tax reform provisions under Section 172 allow federal net operating losses arising in tax years subsequent to December 31, 2017 to be carried forward indefinitely. As at November 30, 2021 the Company has approximately $21 million in operating losses that can be carried forward indefinitely.

On June 19, 2015, we completed the Sunward acquisition which resulted in an acquisition of control of Sunward Resources ULC under of the Income Tax Act in Canada. Therefore, the Company’s ability to use approximately $15.2 million of losses in Canada may be limited.