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Table of Contents

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q

☒ | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the Fiscal Quarter Ended August 28, 2022, or

☐ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the Transition period for _________ to _________.
Commission file number: 000-27446
LANDEC CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware | 94-3025618
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (IRS Employer Identification Number)

2811 Airpark Drive |
Santa Maria, | California | 93455
(Address of principal executive offices) | (Zip Code)

(650) 306-1650
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class | Trading Symbol | Name of each exchange on which registered
Common stock, par value $0.001 per share | LNDC | The NASDAQ Global Select Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large Accelerated Filer | ☐ | Accelerated Filer | ☒ | Emerging Growth Company | ☐
Non Accelerated Filer | ☐ | Smaller Reporting Company | ☐ |  |

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒
As of October 3, 2022, there were 29,595,554 shares of common stock outstanding.

Table of Contents
LANDEC CORPORATION
FORM 10-Q
For the Fiscal Quarter Ended August 28, 2022
INDEX

|  | Page
Part I. | Financial Information |
Item 1. | Financial Statements |
| a) | Consolidated Balance Sheets as of August 2 8, 2022 and May 29, 20 2 2 | 1
| b) | Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income for the Three Months Ended August 2 8, 2022 and August 2 9, 2021 | 2
| c) | Consolidated Statement of Changes in Stockholders' Equity for the Three Months Ended August 2 8, 2022 and August 2 9, 2021 | 3
| d) | Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Three Months Ended August 2 8, 2022 and August 2 9, 2021 | 4
| e) | Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements | 5
Item 2. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 19
Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk | 26
Item 4. | Controls and Procedures | 26
Part II. | Other Information | 28
Item 1. | Legal Proceedings | 28
Item 1A. | Risk Factors | 28
Item 2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | 28
Item 3. | Defaults Upon Senior Securities | 28
Item 4. | Mine Safety Disclosures | 28
Item 5. | Other Information | 28
Item 6. | Exhibits | 29
| Signatures | 30

i

Table of Contents
LANDEC CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands, except par value)

| August 28, 2022 |  | May 29, 2022
| (unaudited) |  |
ASSETS |  |  |
Current Assets: |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 4,222 |  |  | $ | 1,643 |
Accounts receivable, less allowance for credit losses | 40,934 |  |  | 48,172 |
Inventories | 64,285 |  |  | 66,845 |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 7,157 |  |  | 7,052 |
Total Current Assets | 116,598 |  |  | 123,712 |
Property and equipment, net | 129,024 |  |  | 130,435 |
Operating lease right-of-use assets | 8,229 |  |  | 8,580 |
Goodwill | 13,881 |  |  | 13,881 |
Trademarks/tradenames, net | 8,400 |  |  | 8,400 |
Customer relationships, net | 6,875 |  |  | 7,150 |
Other assets | 2,793 |  |  | 3,002 |
Total Assets | $ | 285,800 |  |  | $ | 295,160 |
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY |  |  |
Current Liabilities: |  |  |
Accounts payable | $ | 16,366 |  |  | $ | 15,802 |
Accrued compensation | 6,373 |  |  | 9,238 |
Other accrued liabilities | 7,832 |  |  | 7,647 |
Current portion of lease liabilities | 5,021 |  |  | 5,026 |
Deferred revenue | 803 |  |  | 919 |
Line of credit | 44,000 |  |  | 40,000 |
Current portion of long-term debt, net | 2,704 |  |  | 599 |
Total Current Liabilities | 83,099 |  |  | 79,231 |
Long-term debt, net | 95,865 |  |  | 97,579 |
Long-term lease liabilities | 9,447 |  |  | 9,983 |
Deferred taxes, net | 291 |  |  | 232 |
Other non-current liabilities | 199 |  |  | 190 |
Total Liabilities | 188,901 |  |  | 187,215 |
Stockholders’ Equity: |  |  |
Common stock, $0.001 par value; 50,000 shares authorized; 29,593 and 29,513 shares issued and outstanding at August 28, 2022 and May 29, 2022, respectively | 30 |  |  | 30 |
Additional paid-in capital | 168,070 |  |  | 167,352 |
Retained earnings (accumulated deficit) | (70,915) |  |  | (58,851) |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (286) |  |  | (586) |
Total Stockholders’ Equity | 96,899 |  |  | 107,945 |
Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity | $ | 285,800 |  |  | $ | 295,160 |

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.
-1-

Table of Contents
LANDEC CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME
(Unaudited)
(In thousands, except per share amounts)

| Three Months Ended |  |
| August 28, 2022 |  | August 29, 2021 |  |  |  |
Product sales | $ | 43,355 |  |  | $ | 41,632 |  |  |  |  |
Cost of product sales | 37,534 |  |  | 31,197 |  |  |  |  |
Gross profit | 5,821 |  |  | 10,435 |  |  |  |  |
Operating costs and expenses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Research and development | 2,048 |  |  | 1,873 |  |  |  |  |
Selling, general and administrative | 10,883 |  |  | 9,470 |  |  |  |  |
Restructuring costs | 1,047 |  |  | 1,834 |  |  |  |  |
Total operating costs and expenses | 13,978 |  |  | 13,177 |  |  |  |  |
Operating loss | (8,157) |  |  | (2,742) |  |  |  |  |
Interest income | 15 |  |  | 27 |  |  |  |  |
Interest expense | (3,678) |  |  | (6,678) |  |  |  |  |
Other income (expense), net | (180) |  |  | 109 |  |  |  |  |
Net loss before tax | (12,000) |  |  | (9,284) |  |  |  |  |
Income tax (expense) benefit | (64) |  |  | 1,651 |  |  |  |  |
Net loss from continuing operations | (12,064) |  |  | (7,633) |  |  |  |  |
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax | — |  |  | (1,844) |  |  |  |  |
Net loss | $ | (12,064) |  |  | $ | (9,477) |  |  |  |  |
Basic net loss per share: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loss from continuing operations | $ | (0.41) |  |  | $ | (0.26) |  |  |  |  |
Loss from discontinued operations | — |  |  | (0.06) |  |  |  |  |
Total basic net loss per share | $ | (0.41) |  |  | $ | (0.32) |  |  |  |  |
Diluted net loss per share: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loss from continuing operations | $ | (0.41) |  |  | $ | (0.26) |  |  |  |  |
Loss from discontinued operations | — |  |  | (0.06) |  |  |  |  |
Total diluted net loss per share | $ | (0.41) |  |  | $ | (0.32) |  |  |  |  |
Shares used in per share computation: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic | 29,577 |  |  | 29,424 |  |  |  |  |
Diluted | 29,577 |  |  | 29,424 |  |  |  |  |
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net unrealized gain (losses) on interest rate swaps (net of tax effect of $(16) and $(90)) | $ | 300 |  |  | $ | 366 |  |  |  |  |
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax | 300 |  |  | 366 |  |  |  |  |
Total comprehensive loss | $ | (11,764) |  |  | $ | (9,111) |  |  |  |  |

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.
-2-

Table of Contents
LANDEC CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(Unaudited)
(In thousands)

Three Months Ended August 28, 2022
|  |  |  |  | Additional Paid-in Capital |  | Retained Earnings (Accumulated Deficit) |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss |  | Total Stockholders’ Equity
| Common Stock |  |  |  |
| Shares |  | Amount |  |  |  |
Balance at May 29, 2022 | 29,513 |  |  | $ | 30 |  |  | $ | 167,352 |  |  | $ | (58,851) |  |  | $ | (586) |  |  | $ | 107,945 |
Issuance of stock under stock plans, net of shares withheld | 80 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Taxes paid by Company for employee stock plans | — |  |  | — |  |  | (67) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (67) |
Stock-based compensation | — |  |  | — |  |  | 785 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 785 |
Net loss | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (12,064) |  |  | — |  |  | (12,064) |
Other comprehensive income, net of tax | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 300 |  |  | 300 |
Balance at August 28, 2022 | 29,593 |  |  | $ | 30 |  |  | $ | 168,070 |  |  | $ | (70,915) |  |  | $ | (286) |  |  | $ | 96,899 |

Three Months Ended August 29, 2021
|  |  |  |  | Additional Paid-in Capital |  | Retained Earnings (Accumulated Deficit) |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss |  | Total Stockholders’ Equity
| Common Stock |  |  |  |
| Shares |  | Amount |  |  |  |
Balance at May 31, 2020 | 29,333 |  |  | $ | 29 |  |  | $ | 165,533 |  |  | $ | 38,580 |  |  | $ | (1,358) |  |  | $ | 202,784 |
Issuance of stock under stock plans, net of shares withheld | 129 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | —
Taxes paid by Company for employee stock plans | — |  | — |  | (428) |  | — |  | — |  | (428)
Stock-based compensation | — |  | — |  | 620 |  | — |  | — |  | 620
Net loss | — |  | — |  | — |  | (9,477) |  | — |  | (9,477)
Other comprehensive income, net of tax | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 366 |  | 366
Balance at August 29, 2021 | 29,462 |  | $ | 29 |  |  | $ | 165,725 |  |  | $ | 29,103 |  |  | $ | (992) |  |  | $ | 193,865 |

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.
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LANDEC CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)
(In thousands)

| Three Months Ended
| August 28, 2022 |  | August 29, 2021
Cash flows from operating activities: |  |  |
Net loss | $ | (12,064) |  |  | $ | (9,477) |
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash (used in) provided by operating activities: |  |  |
Depreciation, amortization of intangibles, debt costs and right-of-use assets | 5,009 |  |  | 5,054 |
Gain on sale of BreatheWay | (2,108) |  |  | — |
Stock-based compensation expense | 785 |  |  | 620 |
Deferred taxes | 43 |  |  | (2,138) |
Gain on disposal of property and equipment related to restructuring, net | — |  |  | (92) |
Provision for expected credit losses | — |  |  | 60 |
Net loss on disposal of property and equipment held and used | — |  |  | 16 |
Other, net | (18) |  |  | (70) |
Changes in current assets and current liabilities: |  |  |
Accounts receivable, net | 7,238 |  |  | 7,997 |
Inventory | 2,560 |  |  | 248 |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | (761) |  |  | (2,697) |
Accounts payable | 581 |  |  | 1,517 |
Accrued compensation | (2,865) |  |  | (3,131) |
Other accrued liabilities | 183 |  |  | 2,838 |
Deferred revenue | (116) |  |  | 86 |
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities | (1,533) |  |  | 831 |
Cash flows from investing activities: |  |  |
Proceeds from sale of BreatheWay, net | 3,135 |  |  | — |
Purchases of property and equipment | (2,929) |  |  | (7,913) |
Sale of Investment in non-public company | — |  |  | 45,100 |
Proceeds from sales of property and equipment | — |  |  | 1,082 |
Net cash provided by investing activities | 206 |  |  | 38,269 |
Cash flows from financing activities: |  |  |
Payments on long-term debt | (27) |  |  | (41,388) |
Proceeds from lines of credit | 4,000 |  |  | 8,000 |
Payments on lines of credit | — |  |  | (5,000) |
Taxes paid by Company for employee stock plans | (67) |  |  | (428) |
Payments for debt issuance costs | — |  |  | (132) |
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | 3,906 |  |  | (38,948) |
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents | 2,579 |  |  | 152 |
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period | 1,643 |  |  | 1,295 |
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period | $ | 4,222 |  |  | $ | 1,447 |
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing and financing activities: |  |  |
Purchases of property and equipment on trade vendor credit | $ | 2,243 |  |  | $ | 1,994 |

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.
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LANDEC CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
1. Organization, Basis of Presentation, and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Organization
Landec Corporation and its subsidiaries (“Landec” or the “Company”) design, develop, manufacture, and sell differentiated products for food and biomaterials markets, and license technology applications to partners.
Landec’s biomedical company, Lifecore Biomedical, Inc. (“Lifecore”), is a fully integrated contract development and manufacturing organization (“CDMO”) that offers highly differentiated capabilities in the development, fill and finish of sterile, injectable-grade pharmaceutical products in syringes and vials. As a leading manufacturer of premium, injectable grade Hyaluronic Acid, Lifecore brings 37 years of expertise as a partner for global and emerging biopharmaceutical and biotechnology companies across multiple therapeutic categories to bring their innovations to market. Lifecore recognizes revenue in two different product categories, CDMO and Fermentation.
Landec’s natural food company, Curation Foods, Inc. (“Curation Foods”), is focused on innovating and distributing plant-based foods with 100% clean ingredients to retail, club and foodservice channels throughout North America. Its products are sold in natural food, conventional grocery and mass retail stores, primarily in the United States and Canada. The company categorizes revenue in three categories: avocado products, olive oil and wine vinegars and technology, which reports revenues for BreatheWay patented supply chain solutions.
Eat Smart Sale and Discontinued Operations
On December 13, 2021 (the “Closing Date”), Landec and Curation Foods (together, the “Sellers”), and Taylor Farms Retail, Inc. (“Taylor Farms” and together with the Sellers, the “Parties”) completed the sale (the “Eat Smart Disposition”) of Curation Foods’ Eat Smart business, including its salad and cut vegetable businesses (the “Business”), pursuant to the terms of an asset purchase agreement executed by the Parties on December 13, 2021 (the “Asset Purchase Agreement”). Pursuant to the Asset Purchase Agreement, Taylor Farms acquired the Business for a purchase price of $73.5 million, subject to post-closing adjustments based upon negotiation of the net working capital balances at the Closing Date. As part of the Eat Smart Disposition, Taylor Farms acquired, among other assets and liabilities related to the Business, the manufacturing facility and warehouses (and corresponding equipment) located in Bowling Green, Ohio and Guadalupe, California, as well as inventory, accounts receivable, accounts payable, intellectual property and information related to the Business, and assumed certain liabilities and executory obligations under the Company’s and Curation Foods’ outstanding contracts related to the Business, in each case, subject to the terms of the Asset Purchase Agreement.
The accounting requirements for reporting the Eat Smart business as a discontinued operation were met when the Eat Smart Disposition was completed on the Closing Date. Accordingly, the consolidated financial statements and notes to the consolidated financial statements reflect the results of the Eat Smart business as a discontinued operation for the periods presented. Refer to Note 9 - Discontinued Operations for additional information.
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements of Landec have been prepared in accordance with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions for Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) have been made which are necessary to present fairly the financial position of the Company at August 28, 2022, and the results of operations and cash flows for all periods presented. Although Landec believes that the disclosures in these financial statements are adequate to make the information presented not misleading, certain information normally included in financial statements and related footnotes prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). The accompanying financial data should be reviewed in conjunction with the audited financial statements and accompanying notes included in Landec's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended May 29, 2022 (the “Annual Report”).
The Company’s fiscal year is the 52- or 53-week period that ends on the last Sunday of May with quarters within each year ending on the last Sunday of August, November, and February; however, in instances where the last Sunday would result in a quarter being 12-weeks in length, the Company’s policy is to extend that quarter to the following Sunday. A 14th week is included in the fiscal year every five or six years to realign the Company’s fiscal quarters with calendar quarters.
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The results of operations for the three months ended August 28, 2022 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for an entire fiscal year because there is some seasonality in Curation Foods’ business and the order patterns of Lifecore’s customers which may lead to significant fluctuations in Landec’s quarterly results of operations.
Basis of Consolidation
The consolidated financial statements are presented on the accrual basis of accounting in accordance with GAAP and include the accounts of Landec Corporation and its subsidiaries, Lifecore and Curation Foods. All material inter-company transactions and balances have been eliminated.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make certain estimates and judgments that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. The accounting estimates that require management’s most significant and subjective judgments include revenue recognition; loss contingencies; sales returns and credit losses; recognition and measurement of current and deferred income tax assets and liabilities; the assessment of recoverability of long-lived and indefinite lived assets (including intangible assets and goodwill), and inventory; and the valuation and recognition of stock-based compensation.
These estimates involve the consideration of complex factors and require management to make judgments. The analysis of historical and future trends can require extended periods of time to resolve and are subject to change from period to period. The actual results may differ from management’s estimates.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company records all highly liquid securities with three months or less from date of purchase to maturity as cash equivalents. Cash equivalents consist mainly of money market funds. The market value of cash equivalents approximates their historical cost given their short-term nature.
Reconciliation of Cash and Cash Equivalents as presented on the Statements of Cash Flows
The following table provides a reconciliation of cash and cash equivalents and cash and cash equivalents, discontinued operations within the Consolidated Balance Sheets that sum to the total of the same such amounts shown in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows:

(In thousands) | August 28, 2022 |  | May 29, 2022 |  | August 29, 2021 |  | May 30, 2021
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 4,222 |  |  | $ | 1,643 |  |  | $ | 1,406 |  |  | $ | 1,159 |
Cash and cash equivalents, discontinued operations | — |  |  | — |  |  | 41 |  |  | 136 |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 4,222 |  |  | $ | 1,643 |  |  | $ | 1,447 |  |  | $ | 1,295 |

Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out method) or net realizable value and consist of the following:

(In thousands) | August 28, 2022 |  | May 29, 2022
Finished goods | $ | 25,266 |  |  | $ | 33,029 |
Raw materials | 27,402 |  |  | 24,221 |
Work in progress | 11,617 |  |  | 9,595 |
Total | $ | 64,285 |  |  | $ | 66,845 |

If the cost of the inventories exceeds their net realizable value, provisions are recorded currently to reduce them to net realizable value. The Company also records a provision for slow moving and obsolete inventories based on the estimate of demand for its products.
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Accounts Receivable, Sales Returns and Allowance for Credit Losses
The Company carries its accounts receivable at their face amounts less an allowance for estimated sales returns and credit losses. Sales return allowances are estimated based on historical sales return amounts.
The Company uses the loss rate method to estimate its expected credit losses on trade accounts receivable and contract assets. In order to estimate expected credit losses, the Company assessed recent historical experience, current economic conditions and any reasonable and supportable forecasts to identify risk characteristics that are shared within the financial asset. These risk characteristics are then used to bifurcate the loss rate method into risk pools. The risk pools were determined based on the industries in which the Company operates. Historical credit loss for each risk pool is then applied to the current period aging as presented in the identified risk pools to determine the needed reserve allowance. At times when there are no current economic conditions or forecasts that may affect future credit losses, the Company has determined that recent historical experience provides the best basis for estimating credit losses.
The information obtained from assessing historical experience, current economic conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts were used to identify risk characteristics that can affect future credit loss experience. There were no significant risk characteristics identified in the review of historical experiences or in the review of estimates of current economic conditions and forecasts.
Estimating credit losses based on risk characteristics requires significant judgment by management. Significant judgments include, but are not limited to: assessing current economic conditions and the extent to which they are relevant to the existing characteristics of the Company’s financial assets, the estimated life of financial assets, and the level of reliance on historical experience in light of economic conditions. The Company will continually review and update, when necessary, its historical risk characteristics that are meaningful to estimating credit losses, any new risk characteristics that arise in the natural course of business, and the estimated life of its financial assets.
The changes in the Company’s allowance for sales returns and credit losses are summarized in the following table (in thousands):

| Balance at beginning of period |  |  |  | Provision (benefit) for expected credit losses |  | Write offs, net of recoveries |  | Balance at end of period
Three months ended August 29, 2021 | $ | 85 |  |  |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 85 |
Three months ended August 28, 2022 | $ | 65 |  |  |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 65 |

Debt Issuance Costs
The Company records its line of credit debt issuance costs as an asset, and as such, $0.7 million and $1.7 million were recorded as Prepaid expenses and other current assets, and Other assets in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets, respectively, as of August 28, 2022, and $0.7 million and $1.9 million, respectively, as of May 29, 2022. The Company records its term debt issuance costs as a contra-liability, and as such, $1.5 million and $3.6 million was recorded as Current portion of long-term debt, net, and Long-term debt, net in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets, respectively, as of August 28, 2022 and $1.5 million and $4.0 million, respectively, as of May 29, 2022.
Financial Instruments
The Company’s financial instruments are primarily composed of commercial-term trade payables, debt instruments, and derivative instruments. For short-term instruments, the historical carrying amount approximates the fair value of the instrument. The fair value of long-term debt and lines of credit approximates their carrying value.
Cash Flow Hedges
The Company has entered into interest rate swap agreements to manage interest rate risk. These derivative instruments may offset a portion of the changes in interest expense. The Company designates these derivative instruments as cash flow hedges. The Company accounts for its derivative instruments as either an asset or a liability and carries them at fair value in Other assets or Other non-current liabilities. The accounting for changes in the fair value of the derivative instrument depends on the intended use of the derivative instrument and the resulting designation.
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For derivative instruments that hedge the exposure to variability in expected future cash flows and are designated as cash flow hedges, the entire change in the fair value of the hedging instrument is recorded as a component of Accumulated other comprehensive loss (“AOCL”) in Stockholders’ Equity. Those amounts are subsequently reclassified to earnings in the same line item in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income as impacted when the hedged item affects earnings. To receive hedge accounting treatment, cash flow hedges must be highly effective in offsetting changes to expected future cash flows on hedged transactions.
During the third quarter of fiscal year 2021, the Company discontinued its hedge accounting prospectively since it was determined that the derivatives are no longer highly effective in offsetting changes in the net investment. The derivatives continue to be carried at fair value in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets with changes in their fair values from the date of discontinued hedge accounting recognized in current period earnings in Other income (expense), net in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income. Amounts previously accumulated in AOCL during the period of effectiveness will continue to be realized over the remaining term of the underlying forecasted debt payments as a component of AOCL in Stockholders’ Equity.
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Comprehensive income (loss) consists of two components, net loss and Other comprehensive income (loss) (“OCI”). OCI refers to revenue, expenses, and gains and losses that under GAAP are recorded as a component of stockholders’ equity but are excluded from net loss. The Company’s OCI consists of net deferred gains and losses on its interest rate swap derivative instruments. The components of AOCL, net of tax, are as follows:

(In thousands) | AOCL
Balance as of May 29, 2022 | $ | (586) |
Amounts reclassified from OCI | 300 |
Other comprehensive income, net | $ | 300 |
Balance as of August 28, 2022 | $ | (286) |

The Company expects to reclassify approximately $0.3 million into earnings in the next 12 months.
Assets Held for Sale
In May 2021 the Board of Directors approved a plan to sell Curation Foods’ Rock Hill, South Carolina distribution facil ity. There was no impairment recorded in fiscal year 2021. The asset was sold on June 9, 2021 for gross proceeds of $1.1 million. A gain of $0.6 million was recorded upon the sale, which is included in loss from discontinued operations within the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income.
In May 2022 the Board of Directors approved a plan to sell the assets of Curation Foods’ BreatheWay packaging technology business. The $1.0 million carrying value of these assets ($0.9 million of inventory and $0.1 million net book value of property and equipment) are included in Prepaid expenses and other current assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of May 29, 2022, and were classified as assets held for sale. There was no impairment recorded in fiscal year 2022. These assets were sold during the first quarter of fiscal year 2023 for net proceeds of $3.1 million. A gain of $2.1 million was recorded upon the sale, which is included in Selling, general and administrative within the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income.
Leases
Under Topic 842, the Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception. Right-of-use (“ROU”) assets and liabilities are recognized at commencement date based on the present value of remaining lease payments over the lease term. For this purpose, the Company considers only payments that are fixed and determinable at the time of commencement. As most of the leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. The incremental borrowing rate is a quoted rate based on the understanding of what the Company's credit rating would be. Certain agreements may contain the option to extend the lease term, terminate the lease before the contractual expiration date, or purchase the leased asset. The Company, when reasonably certain to exercise the option, considers these options in determining the measurement of the lease. The Company's lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees.
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The Company's lease agreements generally contain lease and non-lease components. Non-lease components primarily include payments for maintenance and utilities. The Company combines fixed payments for non-lease components with lease payments and accounts for them together as a single lease component which increases the amount of lease assets and liabilities.
Payments under lease arrangements are primarily fixed; however, certain lease agreements contain variable payments, which are expensed as incurred and are not included in the operating lease assets and liabilities. These amounts primarily include payments affected by changes in price indices.
Intangible Assets
The Company’s intangible assets are comprised of customer relationships with a finite estimated useful life of 12 years, and trademarks/tradenames and goodwill with indefinite useful lives.
Fair Value Measurements
The Company uses fair value measurement accounting for financial assets and liabilities and for financial instruments and certain other items measured at fair value. The Company has elected the fair value option for its investment in a non-public company. The Company has not elected the fair value option for any of its other eligible financial assets or liabilities.
The accounting guidance established a three-tier hierarchy for fair value measurements, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value as follows:
Level 1 – observable inputs such as quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets.
Level 2 – inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are observable either directly or indirectly through corroboration with observable market data.
Level 3 – unobservable inputs in which there is little or no market data, which would require the Company to develop its own assumptions.
As of August 28, 2022 and May 29, 2022, the Company held certain assets and liabilities that are required or it elected to be measured at fair value on a recurring basis, including its interest rate swap contracts.
The fair value of the Company’s interest rate swap contracts is determined based on model inputs that can be observed in a liquid market, including yield curves, and is categorized as a Level 2 fair value measurement and is included in Prepaid expenses and other current assets in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets.
As of May 29, 2022, related to the assets of Curation Foods’ BreatheWay packaging technology business, the Company had $1.0 million in Prepaid expenses and other current assets within the Consolidated Balance Sheet meeting the criteria of held for sale. These assets are recognized at the lower of cost or fair value less cost to sell using market approach. The fair value of these assets are classified as level 3 in the fair value hierarchy due to a mix of unobservable inputs utilized such as independent research in the market as well as actual quotes from market participants.
Imprecision in estimating unobservable market inputs can affect the amount of gain or loss recorded for a particular position. The use of different methodologies or assumptions to determine the fair value of certain financial instruments could result in a different estimate of fair value at the reporting date.
The following table summarizes the fair value of the Company’s assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring and nonrecurring basis:

(In thousands) | Fair Value at August 28, 2022 |  | Fair Value at May 29, 2022
Assets: | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3
Interest rate swap contracts | $ | — |  |  | $ | 86 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Assets held for sale - nonrecurring | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,027 |
Total assets | $ | — |  |  | $ | 86 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,027 |

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Revenue Recognition
The Company follows the five step, principles-based model to recognize revenue upon the transfer of promised goods or services to customers and in an amount that reflects the consideration for which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. Revenue, net of estimated allowances and returns, is recognized when or as the Company satisfies its performance obligations under a contract and control of the product is transferred to the customer.
Lifecore
Lifecore generates revenue from two integrated activities: CDMO and Fermentation. CDMO is comprised of aseptic and development services. Lifecore’s standard terms of sale are generally included in its contracts and purchase orders. Shipping and other transportation costs charged to customers are recorded in both revenue and cost of goods sold. Lifecore has elected to account for shipping and handling as fulfillment activities, and not as a separate performance obligation. Lifecore’s standard payment terms with its customers generally range from 30 days to 60 days.
Aseptic
Lifecore provides aseptic formulation and filling of syringes and vials with precisely formulated medical grade HA and non-HA materials for injectable products used for medical purposes. In instances where our customers contract with us to aseptically fill syringes or vials with our HA, the goods are not distinct in the context of the contract. Lifecore recognizes revenue for these products at the point in time when legal title to the product is transferred to the customer, which is at the time that shipment is made or upon delivery of the product.
Development Services
Lifecore provides product development services to assist its customers in obtaining regulatory approval for the commercial sale of their drug product. These services include activities such as technology development, material component changes, analytical method development, formulation development, pilot studies, stability studies, process validation and production of materials for use within clinical studies. The Company’s customers benefit from the expertise of its scientists who have extensive experience performing such tasks.
Each of the promised goods and services are not distinct in the context of the contract as the goods and services are highly interdependent and interrelated. The services described above are significantly affected by each other because Lifecore would not be able to fulfill its promise by transferring each of the goods or services independently.
Revenues generated from development services arrangements are recognized over time as Lifecore is creating an asset without an alternate use as it is unique to the customer. Furthermore, the Company has an enforceable right to payment for the performance completed to date for its costs incurred in satisfying the performance obligation plus a reasonable profit margin. For each of the development activities performed by Lifecore as described above, labor is the primary input (i.e., labor costs represent the majority of the costs incurred in the completion of the services). The Company determined that labor hours are the best measure of progress as it most accurately depicts the effort extended to satisfy the performance obligation over time.
Fermentation
Lifecore manufactures and sells pharmaceutical-grade sodium hyaluronate (“HA”) in bulk form to its customers. The HA produced is distinct as customers are able to utilize the product provided under HA supply contracts when they obtain control. Lifecore recognizes revenue for these products at the point in time when legal title to the product is transferred to the customer, which is at the time that shipment is made or upon delivery of the product to our customer.
Curation Foods
Curation Foods’ standard terms of sale, both prior to and following the Eat Smart Disposition, are generally included in its contracts and purchase orders. Revenue is recognized at the time shipment is made or upon delivery as control of the product is transferred to the customer. Shipping and other transportation costs charged to customers are recorded in both revenue and cost of goods sold. Curation Foods has elected to account for shipping and handling as fulfillment activities, and not as a separate performance obligation. Curation Foods’ standard payment terms with its customers generally range from 30 days to 90 days. Certain customers may receive cash-based incentives (including: volume rebates, discounts, and promotions), which are accounted for as variable consideration to Curation Foods’ performance obligations. Curation Foods estimates these sales incentives based on the expected amount to be provided to its customers and reduces revenues recognized towards its
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performance obligations. The Company has not historically had and does not anticipate significant changes in its estimates for variable consideration.
The Company disaggregates its revenue by segment based on how it markets its products and services and reviews results of operations. The following tables disaggregate segment revenue by major product lines and services:

(In thousands) | Three Months Ended |  |  |
Lifecore: | August 28, 2022 |  | August 29, 2021 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Contract development and manufacturing organization | $ | 18,247 |  |  | $ | 17,789 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Fermentation | 5,456 |  |  | 4,163 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total | $ | 23,703 |  |  | $ | 21,952 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

(In thousands) | Three Months Ended |  |  |
Curation Foods: | August 28, 2022 |  | August 29, 2021 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Avocado products | $ | 17,093 |  |  | $ | 16,962 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Olive oil and wine vinegars | 2,559 |  |  | 2,340 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Technology | — |  |  | 378 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total | $ | 19,652 |  |  | $ | 19,680 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

Contract Assets and Liabilities
Contract assets primarily relate to the Company’s conditional right to consideration for work completed but not billed at the reporting date. The Company’s contract assets as of August 28, 2022 and May 29, 2022, were $12.8 million and $10.2 million, respectively.
Contract liabilities primarily relate to payments received from customers in advance of performance under the contract. The Company’s contract liabilities as of August 28, 2022 and May 29, 2022, were $0.8 million and $0.9 million, respectively. Revenue recognized during the three months ended August 28, 2022, that was included in the contract liability balance at the beginning of fiscal year 2023, was $0.3 million.
Shipping and Handling Costs
Amounts billed to third-party customers for shipping and handling are included as a component of revenues. Shipping and handling costs incurred are included as a component of cost of products sold and represent costs incurred to ship product from the processing facility or distribution center to the end consumer markets.
Legal Contingencies
In the ordinary course of business, the Company is involved in various legal proceedings and claims.
The Company makes a provision for a liability relating to legal matters when it is both probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. These provisions are reviewed at least each fiscal quarter and adjusted to reflect the impacts of negotiations, estimated settlements, legal rulings, advice of legal counsel and other information and events pertaining to a particular matter. Legal fees are expensed in the period in which they are incurred.
Compliance Matters and Related Litigation
On December 1, 2018, the Company acquired all of the voting interests and substantially all of the assets of Yucatan Foods (the “Yucatan Acquisition”), which owns a guacamole manufacturing plant in Mexico called Procesadora Tanok, S de RL de C.V. (“Tanok”).
On October 21, 2019, the Company retained Latham & Watkins, LLP to conduct an internal investigation relating to potential environmental and Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (“FCPA”) compliance matters associated with regulatory permitting at the Tanok facility in Mexico. The Company subsequently disclosed to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) and the U.S. Department of Justice (“DOJ”) the conduct under investigation, and these agencies have commenced an investigation. The Company has also disclosed the conduct under investigation to the Mexican Attorney General’s Office, which has commenced an investigation, and to Mexican regulatory agencies. The Company is cooperating in the government investigations and requests for information. The conduct at issue began prior to the Yucatan Acquisition, and the agreement for
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the Yucatan Acquisition provides the Company with certain indemnification rights that may allow the Company to recover the cost of a portion of the liabilities that have been and may be incurred by the Company in connection with these compliance matters. On September 2, 2020, one of the former owners of Yucatan filed a lawsuit against the Company in Los Angeles County Superior Court for breach of employment agreement, breach of contract, breach of holdback agreement, declaratory relief and accounting, and related claims. The Plaintiff seeks over $10 million in damages, including delivery of shares of his stock held in escrow for the indemnification claims described above. On November 3, 2020, the Company filed an answer and cross-complaint against the Plaintiff and other parties for fraud, indemnification, and other claims, and seeking no less than $80 million in damages.
At this stage, the ultimate outcome of these or any other investigations, legal actions, or potential claims that may arise from the matters under investigation is uncertain and the Company cannot reasonably predict the timing or outcomes, or estimate the amount of net loss after indemnification, or its effect, if any, on its financial statements. Separately, there are indemnification provisions in the purchase agreement that may allow the Company to recover costs for fraud or breach of the purchase agreement from the seller. Because recovery of amounts are contingent upon a legal settlement, no amounts have been recorded as recoverable costs for the three months ended August 28, 2022.
During the third quarter of fiscal year 2021 the Company reached a resolution with its insurance carrier that resulted in a recovery of $1.6 million which is recorded as a reduction of Selling, general and administrative in the Consolidated Statements of Operations for the fiscal year ended May 30, 2021. Absent further material developments in the investigation, the Company does not expect additional material recovery from the insurance carrier.
2. Investment in Non-public Company
On February 15, 2011, Curation Foods entered into a share purchase agreement (the “Windset Purchase Agreement”) with Windset. Pursuant to the Windset Purchase Agreement, Curation Foods purchased from Windset 150,000 Senior A preferred shares for $15.0 million and 201 common shares for $201. On July 15, 2014, Curation Foods increased its investment in Windset by purchasing from the Newell Capital Corporation an additional 68 common shares and 51,211 junior preferred shares of Windset for $11.0 million. After this purchase, the Company’s common shares represented a 26.9% ownership interest in Windset. The Senior A preferred shares yielded a cash dividend of 7.5% annually. The dividend was payable within 90 days of each anniversary of the execution of the Windset Purchase Agreement. The non-voting junior preferred stock did not yield a dividend unless declared by the Board of Directors of Windset and no such dividend has been declared.
On June 1, 2021, the Company and Curation Foods entered into and closed a Share Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with Newell Capital Corporation and Newell Brothers Investment 2 Corp., as Purchasers (the “Purchasers”) and Windset, pursuant to which Curation Foods sold all of its equity interests of Windset to the Purchasers in exchange for an aggregate purchase price of $45.1 million.
3. Stock-based Compensation and Stockholders' Equity
Stock-Based Compensation Activity
The estimated fair value for stock options, which determines the Company’s calculation of stock-based compensation expense, is based on the Black-Scholes option pricing model. Restricted stock units (“RSUs”) are valued at the closing market price of the Company’s common stock on the grant date. The Company uses the straight-line method to recognize the fair value of stock-based compensation arrangements.
During the three months ended August 28, 2022, the Company granted 725,000 options to purchase shares of common stock and awarded 255,000 RSUs.
As of August 28, 2022, the Company has reserved 3.6 million shares of common stock for future issuance under its current and former equity plans.
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Stock-Based Compensation Expense
The Company’s stock-based awards include stock option grants and RSUs. The Company records compensation expense for stock-based awards issued to employees and directors in exchange for services provided based on the estimated fair value of the awards on their grant dates and is recognized over the required service periods, generally the vesting period.
The following table summarizes stock-based compensation by income statement line item:

| Three Months Ended |  |
(In thousands) | August 28, 2022 |  | August 29, 2021 |  |  |  |
Continuing operations: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cost of product sales | $ | 101 |  |  | $ | 81 |  |  |  |  |
Research and development | 90 |  |  | 49 |  |  |  |  |
Selling, general and administrative | 594 |  |  | 534 |  |  |  |  |
Discontinued Operations: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cost of product sales | — |  |  | (44) |  |  |  |  |
Total stock-based compensation | $ | 785 |  |  | $ | 620 |  |  |  |  |

As of August 28, 2022, there was $6.9 million of total unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested equity compensation awards granted under the Landec incentive stock plans. Total expense is expected to be recognized over the weighted-average period of 2.43 years for stock options and 2.24 years for RSUs.
Stock Repurchase Plan
On July 14, 2010, the Board of Directors of the Company approved the establishment of a stock repurchase plan which allows for the repurchase of up to $10.0 million of the Company’s common stock. The Company may still repurchase up to $3.8 million of the Company’s common stock under the Company’s stock repurchase plan. The Company may repurchase its common stock from time to time in open market purchases or in privately negotiated transactions. The timing and actual number of shares repurchased is at the discretion of management of the Company and will depend on a variety of factors, including stock price, corporate and regulatory requirements, market conditions, the relative attractiveness of other capital deployment opportunities and other corporate priorities. The stock repurchase program does not obligate Landec to acquire any amount of its common stock and the program may be modified, suspended or terminated at any time at the Company's discretion without prior notice. During the three months ended August 28, 2022 and August 29, 2021, the Company did not purchase any shares on the open market.
4. Diluted Earnings Per Share
The following table sets forth the computation of diluted earnings per share:

| Three Months Ended |  |  |  |
(In thousands, except per share amounts) | August 28, 2022 |  | August 29, 2021 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Numerator: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net loss | $ | (12,064) |  |  | $ | (9,477) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Denominator: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Weighted average shares for basic net loss per share | 29,577 |  |  | 29,424 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Effect of dilutive securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Stock options and restricted stock units | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Weighted average shares for diluted net loss per share | 29,577 |  |  | 29,424 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Diluted net loss per share | $ | (0.41) |  |  | $ | (0.32) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

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Due to the Company’s net loss for the three months ended August 28, 2022 and August 29, 2021, the net loss per share includes only the weighted average shares outstanding and thus excludes RSUs and stock options, as such impact would be antidilutive. See Note 3 - Stock Based Compensation and Stockholders' Equity for more information on outstanding RSUs and stock options.
5. Income Taxes
The provision for income taxes from continuing operations for the three months ended August 28, 2022 and August 29, 2021, was an expense of $0.1 million and a benefit of $1.7 million, respectively. The effective tax rate for the three months ended August 28, 2022 and August 29, 2021 was 1% and 18%, respectively. The effective tax rate for the three months ended August 28, 2022, was lower than the statutory federal income tax rate of 21% primarily due to the movement of the valuation allowance recorded against certain deferred tax assets, partially offset by the impact of federal and state research and development tax credits.
As of August 28, 2022 and May 29, 2022, the Company had unrecognized tax benefits of $1.1 million and $1.0 million, respectively. Included in the balance of unrecognized tax benefits as of August 28, 2022 and May 29, 2022, is $1.0 million and $0.9 million, respectively, of tax benefits that, if recognized, would result in an adjustment to the Company’s effective tax rate. The Company does not expect its unrecognized tax benefits to change significantly within the next twelve months.
The Company has elected to classify interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions as a component of its provision for income taxes. The Company has accrued an insignificant amount of interest and penalties relating to the income tax on the unrecognized tax benefits as of August 28, 2022 and May 29, 2022.
Due to tax attribute carryforwards, the Company is subject to examination for tax years 2013 forward for U.S. tax purposes. The Company is also subject to examination in various state jurisdictions for tax years 2012 forward, none of which were significant.
6. Debt
Long-term debt, net consists of the following:

(In thousands) | August 28, 2022 |  | May 29, 2022
Term loan | $ | 103,712 |  |  | $ | 103,712 |
Total principal amount of long-term debt | 103,712 |  |  | 103,712 |
Less: unamortized debt issuance costs | (5,143) |  |  | (5,534) |
Total long-term debt, net of unamortized debt issuance costs | 98,569 |  |  | 98,178 |
Less: current portion of long-term debt, net | (2,704) |  |  | (599) |
Long-term debt, net | $ | 95,865 |  |  | $ | 97,579 |

On December 31, 2020, the Company refinanced its existing Term Loan and Revolver by entering into two separate Credit Agreements (the "New Credit Agreements") with BMO and Goldman Sachs Specialty Lending Group, L.P. (“Goldman”) and Guggenheim Credit Services, LLC ("Guggenheim"), as lenders (collectively, the “Refinance Lenders”). Pursuant to the credit agreement related to the revolving credit facility, BMO has provided the Company, Curation Foods and Lifecore, as co-borrowers, with an up to $75.0 million revolving line of credit (the “Refinance Revolver”) and serves as administrative agent of the Refinance Revolver. Pursuant to the credit agreement related to the term loan, Goldman and Guggenheim have provided the Company, Curation Foods and Lifecore, as co-borrowers, with an up to $170.0 million term loan facility (split equally between Goldman and Guggenheim) (the “Refinance Term Loan”) and Goldman serves as administrative agent of the Refinance Term Loan. The Refinance Revolver and Refinance Term Loan are guaranteed, and secured by, substantially all of the Company’s and the Company's direct and indirect subsidiaries' assets.
The Refinance Term Loan matures on December 31, 2025. The Refinance Revolver matures on December 31, 2025 or, if the Refinance Term Loan remains outstanding on such date, ninety (90) days prior to the maturity date of the Refinance Term Loan (on October 2, 2025).
The Refinance Term Loan provides for principal payments by the Company of 5% per annum, payable quarterly in arrears in equal installments, commencing on March 30, 2023, with the remainder due at maturity.
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Interest on the Refinance Revolver is based upon the Company’s average availability, at a per annum rate of either (i) LIBOR rate plus a spread of between 2.00% and 2.50% or (ii) base rate plus a spread of between 1.00% and 1.50%, plus a commitment fee, as applicable, of 0.375%. Interest on the Refinance Term Loan is at a per annum rate based on either (i) the base rate plus a spread of 7.50% or (ii) the LIBOR rate plus a spread of 8.50%. The Refinance Term Loan Credit Agreement also provides that in the event of a prepayment of any amount other than the scheduled installments within twelve months after the closing date, a penalty will be assessed equal to the aggregate amount of interest that would have otherwise been payable from date of prepayment event until twelve months after the closing date plus 3% of the amount prepaid.
The New Credit Agreements provide the Company the right to increase the revolver commitments under the Refinance Revolver, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions (including consent from BMO), by obtaining additional commitments from either BMO or another lending institution at an amount of up to $15.0 million.
The New Credit Agreements contain customary financial covenants and events of default under which the obligations thereunder could be accelerated and/or the interest rate increased in specified circumstances.
In connection with the New Credit Agreements, the Company incurred debt issuance costs from the lender and third-parties of $10.3 million.
Concurrent with the close of the New Credit Agreements, the Company repaid all outstanding borrowings under the previous Credit Agreement, and terminated such previous Credit Agreement. In connection with the repayment of borrowings under such previous Credit Agreement, the Company recognized a loss in fiscal year 2021 of $1.1 million, as a result of the non-cash write-off of unamortized debt issuance costs related to the refinancing under the New Credit Agreements.
In April 2022 the Company amended the New Credit Agreement to make available again $20.0 million of term debt that had been previously repaid. In connection with this amendment, the Company incurred debt issuance costs from the lender of $0.7 million.
As of August 28, 2022, $44.0 million was outstanding on the Refinance Revolver, at an interest rate of 4.1%. As of August 28, 2022, the Refinance Term Loan had an interest rate of 10.1%. As of August 28, 2022, the Company was in compliance with all financial covenants and had no events of default under the New Credit Agreements.
Derivative Instruments
On November 1, 2016, the Company entered into an interest rate swap contract (the “2016 Swap”) with BMO at a notional amount of $50.0 million. The 2016 Swap had the effect of changing the Company’s previous Term Loan obligation from a variable interest rate to a fixed 30-day LIBOR rate of 1.22%. The 2016 Swap matured in September 2021.
On June 25, 2018, the Company entered into an interest rate swap contract (the “2018 Swap”) with BMO at a notional amount of $30.0 million. The 2018 Swap had the effect on the Company’s previous debt of converting the first $30.0 million of the total outstanding amount of the Company’s 30-day LIBOR borrowings from a variable interest rate to a fixed 30-day LIBOR rate of 2.74%. The 2018 Swap matured in September 2021.
On December 2, 2019, the Company entered into an interest rate swap contract (the "2019 Swap") with BMO at a notional amount of $110.0 million which decreases quarterly. The 2019 Swap had the effect on our previous debt of converting primarily all of the $110.0 million of the total outstanding amount of the Company's 30-day LIBOR borrowings from a variable interest rate to a fixed 30-day LIBOR rate of 1.53%. The 2019 Swap will mature in November 2022.
7. Business Segment Reporting
The Company operates using three strategic reportable business segments, aligned with how the Chief Executive Officer, who is the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”), manages the business: the Lifecore segment, the Curation Foods segment, and the Other segment.
The Lifecore segment sells products utilizing hyaluronan, a naturally occurring polysaccharide that is widely distributed in the extracellular matrix of connective tissues in both animals and humans, and non-HA products for medical use primarily in the Ophthalmic, Orthopedic and other markets.
The Curation Foods business includes (i) three natural food brands, including O Olive Oil & Vinegar, Yucatan Foods, and Cabo Fresh, and (ii) BreatheWay® activities. The Curation Foods segment includes sales of BreatheWay packaging to partners for fruit and vegetable products, sales of olive oils and wine vinegars under the O brand, and sales of avocado products
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under the brands Yucatan Foods and Cabo Fresh. In December 2021, the Company completed the Eat Smart Disposition. As a result, the Company met the requirements of ASC 205-20 to report the results of the Eat Smart business as discontinued operations. The operating results for the Eat Smart business, in all periods presented, have been reclassified to discontinued operations and are no longer reported in the Curation Foods business segment. See Note 1 – Organization, Basis of Presentation, and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies – Eat Smart Sale and Discontinued Operations for further discussion.
The Other segment includes corporate general and administrative expenses, non-Lifecore and non-Curation Foods interest expense, interest income, and income tax expenses. Corporate overhead is allocated between segments based on actual utilization and relative size.
All of the Company's assets are located within the United States of America except for its Yucatan production facility in Mexico.
The Company’s international sales by geography are based on the billing address of the customer and were as follows, excluding discontinued operations:

| Three Months Ended |  |  |  |
(In millions) | August 28, 2022 |  | August 29, 2021 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Switzerland | $ | 4.0 |  |  | $ | 3.4 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Canada | 3.7 |  |  | 3.5 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
All Other Countries | 1.9 |  |  | 1.7 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

Operations by business segment consisted of the following:

(In thousands) | Lifecore |  | Curation Foods |  | Other |  | Total
Three Months Ended August 28, 2022 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net sales | $ | 23,703 |  |  | $ | 19,652 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 43,355 |
Gross profit | 6,101 |  |  | (280) |  |  | — |  |  | 5,821 |
Net (loss) income from continuing operations | 502 |  |  | (3,374) |  |  | (9,192) |  |  | (12,064) |
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Depreciation and amortization | 1,771 |  |  | 2,820 |  |  | 11 |  |  | 4,602 |
Interest income | 15 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 15 |
Interest expense | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,678 |  |  | 3,678 |
Income tax (benefit) expense | 158 |  |  | (1,065) |  |  | 971 |  |  | 64 |
Corporate overhead allocation | 1,038 |  |  | 334 |  |  | (1,372) |  |  | — |
Three Months Ended August 29, 2021 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net sales | $ | 21,952 |  |  | $ | 19,680 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 41,632 |
Gross profit | 5,764 |  |  | 4,671 |  |  | — |  |  | 10,435 |
Net (loss) income from continuing operations | 580 |  |  | (284) |  |  | (7,929) |  |  | (7,633) |
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax | — |  |  | (1,844) |  |  | — |  |  | (1,844) |
Depreciation and amortization | 1,547 |  |  | 881 |  |  | 26 |  |  | 2,454 |
Interest income | 20 |  |  | — |  |  | 7 |  |  | 27 |
Interest expense | — |  |  | 137 |  |  | 6,541 |  |  | 6,678 |
Income tax (benefit) expense | 183 |  |  | (218) |  |  | (1,616) |  |  | (1,651) |
Corporate overhead allocation | 1,137 |  |  | 1,471 |  |  | (2,608) |  |  | — |

During the three months ended August 28, 2022 and August 29, 2021, the Company had sales concentrations of 10% or greater from two customers. The Company’s top two customers accounted for 16% and 10% of revenues for the three months ended August 28, 2022, and 15% and 11% for the three months ended August 29, 2021. The Company had accounts receivable concentrations of 10% or greater from three customers accounting for 21%, 16%, and 13% of accounts receivable as of August 28, 2022, and two customers as of August 29, 2021 accounting for 12% and 10%.
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8. Restructuring Costs
During fiscal year 2020, the Company announced a restructuring plan to drive enhanced profitability, focus the business on its strategic assets and redesign the organization to be the appropriate size to compete and thrive. This includes a reduction-in-force, a reduction in leased office spaces and the sale of non-strategic assets.
The following table summarizes the restructuring costs recognized in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income, by Business Segment, excluding discontinued operations:

(in thousands) | Curation Foods |  |  |  | Other |  | Total
Three Months Ended August 28, 2022 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Employee severance and benefit costs | $ | 208 |  |  |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 208 |
Lease costs | 20 |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | 20 |
Other restructuring costs | 194 |  |  |  |  | 625 |  |  | 819 |
Total restructuring costs | $ | 422 |  |  |  |  | $ | 625 |  |  | $ | 1,047 |

Employee severance and benefit costs
Employee severance and benefit costs are costs incurred as a result of reduction-in-force driven by our restructuring plan and closure of offices and facilities. These costs were driven primarily by reduction-in-force related to our Curation Foods segment.
Lease Costs
In August 2020, the Company closed its leased Santa Clara, California office and entered into a sublease agreement. In the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2020 the Company closed its leased Los Angeles, California office and plans to sublease the office. The Company approved a plan to explore opportunities to sub lease its Santa Maria office and expects to complete the sublease plan within the next 12 months.
Other restructuring costs
Other restructuring costs are primarily related to consulting costs incurred in connection with the execution of the Company’s restructuring plan to drive enhanced profitability, focus the business on its strategic assets, and redesign the organization to be the appropriate size to compete and thrive.
The following table summarizes the restructuring costs recognized in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income, by Business Segment, since inception of the restructuring plan in fiscal year 2020 through the three months ended August 28, 2022, excluding discontinued operations:

| Curation Foods |  |  |  | Other |  | Total
(in thousands) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Asset write-off costs, net | $ | 7,552 |  |  |  |  | $ | 418 |  |  | $ | 7,970 |
Employee severance and benefit costs | 767 |  |  |  |  | 784 |  |  | 1,551 |
Lease costs | 2,238 |  |  |  |  | 26 |  |  | 2,264 |
Other restructuring costs | 517 |  |  |  |  | 5,523 |  |  | 6,040 |
Total restructuring costs | $ | 11,074 |  |  |  |  | $ | 6,751 |  |  | $ | 17,825 |

The total expected cost related to the restructuring plan is approximately $23.0 million.
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9. Discontinued Operations
As discussed in Note 1 – Organization, Basis of Presentation, and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies – Eat Smart Sale and Discontinued Operations, on December 13, 2021, we completed the Eat Smart Disposition. Eat Smart represented a component of the business within the Curation Foods segment and its sale represents a strategic shift in the Company going forward. Accordingly, concurrent with the execution of the Asset Purchase Agreement, Eat Smart meets the accounting requirements for reporting as discontinued operations for all periods presented.
The key components of income from discontinued operations for the three months ended August 28, 2022 and August 29, 2021 were as follows (in thousands):

|  |  | Three Months Ended |  |
|  |  | August 29, 2021 |  |  |  |
Product sales |  |  | $ | 87,156 |  |  |  |  |
Cost of product sales |  |  | 80,072 |  |  |  |  |
Gross profit |  |  | 7,084 |  |  |  |  |
Operating costs and expenses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Research and development |  |  | 953 |  |  |  |  |
Selling, general and administrative |  |  | 6,469 |  |  |  |  |
Restructuring costs |  |  | 728 |  |  |  |  |
Total operating costs and expenses |  |  | 8,150 |  |  |  |  |
Operating loss |  |  | (1,066) |  |  |  |  |
Dividend income |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Interest expense |  |  | (1,239) |  |  |  |  |
Loss from discontinued operations before taxes |  |  | (2,305) |  |  |  |  |
Income tax benefit |  |  | 461 |  |  |  |  |
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax |  |  | $ | (1,844) |  |  |  |  |

Cash used in operating activities by the Eat Smart business totaled $0.0 million and $0.2 million for the three months ended August 28, 2022 and August 29, 2021, respectively. Cash provided by investing activities from the Eat Smart business totaled $0.0 million and $45.1 million for the three months ended August 28, 2022 and August 29, 2021, respectively. Depreciation and amortization expense of the Eat Smart business totaled $0.0 million and $2.3 million for the three months ended August 28, 2022 and August 29, 2021, respectively. Capital expenditures of the Eat Smart business totaled $0.0 million and $1.1 million for the three months ended August 28, 2022 and August 29, 2021, respectively.
Interest expense was allocated to discontinued operations based on the interest expense related to the amount of debt required to be paid down under the New Credit Agreements as a result of the Eat Smart Disposition.
There were no assets or liabilities of Eat Smart as of August 28, 2022 or May 29, 2022.
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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the unaudited consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included in Part I, Item 1, of this Form 10-Q and the audited consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes and Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included in Landec’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended May 29, 2022.
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” contains forward-looking statements regarding future events and our future results that are subject to the safe harbor created under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and other safe harbors under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). Words such as “anticipate”, “estimate”, “expect”, “project”, “plan”, “intend”, “believe”, “may”, “might”, “will”, “should”, “can have”, “likely” and similar expressions are used to identify forward-looking statements. All forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results to differ materially from those that we expected. Potential risks and uncertainties include, without limitation, the timing and expenses associated with operations, the ability to achieve acceptance of our new products in the market place, weather conditions that can affect the supply and price of produce, government regulations affecting our business, uncertainties related to COVID-19 and the impact of our responses to it, the timing of regulatory approvals, the impact of adverse and uncertain economic conditions in the U.S. and international markets, the mix between domestic and international sales, and those other risks mentioned in this report and in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended May 29, 2022.
We derive many of our forward-looking statements from our operating budgets and forecasts, which are based upon detailed assumptions. While we believe that our assumptions are reasonable, we caution that it is very difficult to predict the impact of known factors, and it is impossible for us to anticipate all factors that could affect our actual results. Accordingly, our actual results could differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking statements for many reasons, including the risk factors listed in Item 1A. “Risk Factors” and in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended May 29, 2022.
All forward-looking statements attributable to us are expressly qualified in their entirety by these cautionary statements as well as others made in this report, our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended May 29, 2022, and hereafter in our other SEC filings and public communications.
You should evaluate all forward-looking statements made by us in the context of all risks and uncertainties described with respect to our business. We caution you that the risks and uncertainties identified by us may not be all of the factors that are important to you. Furthermore, the forward-looking statements included in this report are made only as of the date hereof. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statement as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as otherwise required by law. Given these risks and uncertainties, readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on such forward-looking statements.
Critical Accounting Policies and Use of Estimates
There have been no material changes to the Company's critical accounting policies and use of estimates from those disclosed in the Company’s Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended May 29, 2022. For a discussion of our critical accounting policies and use of estimates, refer to Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Critical Accounting Policies and Use of Estimates in Part II, Item 7 of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended May 29, 2022.
The Company
Corporate Overview
Landec Corporation and its subsidiaries (“Landec,” the “Company”, "we" or "us") design, develop, manufacture, and sell differentiated products for food and biomaterials markets, and license technology applications to partners.
Landec’s biomedical company, Lifecore Biomedical, Inc. (“Lifecore”), is a fully integrated CDMO that offers highly differentiated capabilities in the development, fill and finish of sterile, injectable pharmaceutical products in syringes and vials. As a leading manufacturer of premium, injectable grade Hyaluronic Acid, Lifecore brings 37 years of expertise as a partner for global and emerging biopharmaceutical and biotechnology companies across multiple therapeutic categories to bring their innovations to market.
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Landec’s natural food company, Curation Foods, Inc. (“Curation Foods”) is focused on innovating and distributing plant-based foods with 100% clean ingredients to retail, club and foodservice channels throughout North America.
Landec was incorporated in California on October 31, 1986 and reincorporated as a Delaware corporation on November 6, 2008. Landec’s common stock is listed on The NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol “LNDC”. The Company’s principal executive offices are located at 2811 Airpark Drive Santa Maria, California 93455, and the telephone number is (650) 306-1650.
Reportable Segments
Landec has three reportable business segments – Lifecore, Curation Foods, and Other, which are described below.
Lifecore Biomedical
Lifecore, located in Chaska, Minnesota, is a fully integrated CDMO that offers highly differentiated capabilities in the development, fill and finish of sterile, injectable pharmaceutical products in syringes and vials. It is involved in the manufacture of pharmaceutical-grade sodium hyaluronate (“HA”) in bulk form as well as formulated and filled syringes and vials for injectable products used in treating a broad spectrum of medical conditions and procedures. Lifecore uses its fermentation process and aseptic formulation and filling expertise to be a leader in the development of HA-based products for multiple applications and to take advantage of non-HA device and drug opportunities which leverage its expertise in manufacturing and aseptic syringe filling capabilities.
Lifecore CDMO provides product development services to its partners for HA-based, as well as non-HA based, aseptically formulated and filled products. These services include activities such as technology development, material component changes, analytical method development, formulation development, pilot studies, stability studies, process validation and production of materials for clinical studies.
Built over many years of experience, Lifecore separates itself from its competition based on its five areas of expertise, including but not limited to Lifecore’s ability to:
Establish strategic relationships with market leaders:
Lifecore continues to develop applications for products with partners who have strong marketing, sales, and distribution capabilities to end-user markets. Through its strong reputation and history of providing pharmaceutical grade HA and products, Lifecore has established long-term relationships with global and emerging biopharmaceutical and biotechnology companies across multiple therapeutic categories, and leverages those partnerships to attract new relationships in other medical markets.
Expand medical applications for HA:
Due to the growing knowledge of the unique characteristics of HA and Lifecore’s unique strength and history as a trusted manufacturer of pharmaceutical injectable grade HA products, Lifecore continues to identify and pursue opportunities for the use of HA in other medical applications, such as wound care, aesthetic surgery, drug delivery, next generation orthopedics and device coatings, and through sales to academic and corporate research customers. Further applications may involve expanding process development activity and/or additional licensing of technology.
Utilize manufacturing infrastructure to meet customer demand:
Lifecore has made strategic capital investments in its CDMO business focusing on extending its aseptic filling capacity and capabilities to meet increasing partner demand and to attract new contract filling opportunities outside of HA markets. Lifecore is using its manufacturing capabilities to provide contract manufacturing and development services to its partners in the area of sterile pre-filled syringes and vials, as well as fermentation and purification requirements.
Maintain flexibility in product development and supply relationships:
Lifecore’s vertically integrated development and manufacturing capabilities allow it to establish a variety of contractual relationships with global corporate partners. Lifecore’s role in these relationships extends from supplying HA raw materials to providing technology transfer and development services to manufacturing aseptically filled, finished sterile products, and assuming full supply chain responsibilities.
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Deliver consistent quality:
Lifecore has built a world class quality and regulatory system that is demonstrated in its results, processes and customer relationships. With over 37 years of a superior track record with global regulatory bodies (FDA, EMA, ANVISA, etc.), Lifecore is the partner of choice for companies looking for proven experience in delivering QbD, cGMP compliance, and manufacturing excellence with pharmaceutical elegance and quality. Lifecore’s world class quality and regulatory system and excellent track record with the global regulatory bodies ensure partners that they will safely bring innovative therapies to market.
Curation Foods
Curation Foods Overview
Based in Santa Maria, California, Curation Foods’ primary business is the processing, marketing and selling of guacamole, avocado products, and olive oils and wine vinegars. Curation Foods serves as the corporate umbrella for its patented BreatheWay® packaging technology and for its portfolio of three natural food brands, O Olive Oil & Vinegar® products, and Yucatan® and Cabo Fresh® authentic guacamole and avocado products. We believe that the major distinguishing characteristics of Curation Foods that provide competitive advantage are insight driven product innovation, diversified fresh food supply chain, refrigerated supply chain and customer reach. We believe that Curation Foods is well positioned as a single source of a broad range of its products.
On December 13, 2021 (the “Closing Date”), Landec and Curation Foods (together, the “Sellers”), and Taylor Farms Retail, Inc. (“Taylor Farms” and together with the Sellers, the “Parties”) completed the sale (the “Eat Smart Disposition”) of Curation Foods’ Eat Smart business, including its salad and cut vegetable businesses (the “Business”), pursuant to the terms of an asset purchase agreement executed by the Parties on December 13, 2021 (the “Asset Purchase Agreement”). Pursuant to the Asset Purchase Agreement, Taylor Farms acquired the Business for a purchase price of $73.5 million in cash, subject to post-closing adjustments based upon net working capital at the Closing Date. As part of the Eat Smart Disposition, Taylor Farms acquired, among other assets related to the Business, the manufacturing facility and warehouses (and corresponding equipment) located in Bowling Green, Ohio and Guadalupe, California, as well as inventory, accounts receivable and accounts payable, intellectual property and information related to the Business, and assumed certain liabilities and executory obligations under the Company’s and Curation Foods’ outstanding contracts related to the Business, in each case, subject to the terms of the Asset Purchase Agreement.
On June 2, 2022, the Company sold its BreatheWay technology business for $3.2 million in cash.
Following the Eat Smart Disposition and BreatheWay Sale, Curation Foods retains its O Olive and Yucatan businesses, and the Company retains its Lifecore business.
As a result of the Eat Smart Disposition, the Company met the requirements of ASC 205-20, to report the results of the Eat Smart business as a discontinued operation. Accordingly, the operating results for the Eat Smart business have therefore been reclassified as a discontinued operation within these consolidated financial statements.
Curation Foods Brands
O Olive Oil & Vinegar: The Company acquired O on March 1, 2017. O, founded in 1995, is based in Petaluma, California, and is the premier producer of California specialty olive oils and wine vinegars. Its products are sold in natural food, conventional grocery and mass retail stores, primarily in the United States and Canada.
Yucatan & Cabo Fresh Avocado Products: The Company acquired Yucatan Foods on December 1, 2018. Yucatan Foods was founded in 1991. As part of the acquisition of Yucatan Foods, Curation Foods acquired the newly built production facility in Guanajuato, Mexico. The Yucatan Foods business added a double-digit growth platform, a lower-cost infrastructure in Mexico, and higher margin product offerings that generally exhibit less sourcing volatility. The Company manufactures and sells Yucatan and Cabo Fresh guacamole and avocado food products primarily to the U.S. grocery channel, but also to the U.S. mass retail, Canadian grocery retail and foodservice channels.
The Company intends to continue exploring potential sale opportunities for its remaining Curation Foods assets: Yucatan Foods and O. Subject to market conditions, the Company anticipates completing these sales during fiscal year 2023.
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Other
Included in the Other segment is Corporate, which includes corporate general and administrative expenses, non-Lifecore and non-Curation Food interest income, interest expense, and income tax expenses.
COVID-19 Pandemic
There are many uncertainties regarding the current novel coronavirus (“COVID-19”) pandemic, including the scope of scientific and health issues, the anticipated duration of the pandemic, and the extent of local and worldwide social, political, and economic disruption it may cause. The COVID-19 pandemic, as well as actions taken in response to the pandemic, have had and we believe will continue to have significant adverse impacts on many aspects of the Company’s operations, directly and indirectly, including with respect to sales, customer behaviors, business and manufacturing operations, inventory, the Company’s employees, and the market generally, and the scope and nature of these impacts continue to evolve each day. The Company expects to continue to assess the evolving impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, and intends to continue to make adjustments to its responses accordingly.
Results of Operations
Revenues:
Lifecore generates revenues from the development and manufacture of pharmaceutical-grade sodium hyaluronate (“HA”) products and providing contract development and aseptic manufacturing services to customers. Lifecore generates revenues from two integrated activities: (1) CDMO and (2) fermentation.
Curation Foods revenues for the periods presented consist of revenues generated from sales of (1) Yucatan, Cabo Fresh, and private label branded guacamole and avocado products, (2) O olive oils and wine vinegars, and (3) BreatheWay packaging to license partners. As a result of the Eat Smart Disposition, the Company met the requirements of ASC 205-20, to report the results of the Eat Smart business as a discontinued operation. Accordingly, the operating results for the Eat Smart business have therefore been reclassified as a discontinued operations for the periods presented.

(In thousands) | Three Months Ended |  | Change |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| August 28, 2022 |  | August 29, 2021 |  | Amount |  | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Lifecore | $ | 23,703 |  |  | $ | 21,952 |  |  | 1,751 |  |  | 8 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Curation Foods | 19,652 |  |  | 19,680 |  |  | (28) |  |  | — | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total Revenues | $ | 43,355 |  |  | $ | 41,632 |  |  | $ | 1,723 |  |  | 4 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

Lifecore
The increase in Lifecore’s revenues for the three months ended August 28, 2022, compared to the same period last year, was due to a $1.3 million increase in fermentation sales primarily due to the timing of shipments within the fiscal year and increased demand from existing customers, as well as a $0.5 million increase in CDMO revenues primarily from an increase in development services activities resulting in higher sales to new and existing customers.
Curation Foods
The slight decrease in Curation Foods’ revenues for the three months ended August 28, 2022, compared to the same period last year, was primarily driven by the sale of our BreatheWay packaging technology business on June 2, 2022 which as a result of the sale did not earn any revenue during the three months ended August 28, 2022 compared to $0.4 million during the three months ended August 29, 2021.
Gross Profit:
There are numerous factors that can influence gross profit including product mix, customer mix, manufacturing costs, volume, sales discounts and charges for excess or obsolete inventory, to name a few. Many of these factors influence or are interrelated with other factors. The Company includes in cost of sales all of the following costs: raw materials (including packaging, syringes, fermentation and purification supplies), direct labor, overhead (including indirect labor, depreciation, and facility-related costs), and shipping and shipping-related costs.
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(In thousands) | Three Months Ended |  | Change |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| August 28, 2022 |  | August 29, 2021 |  | Amount |  | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Lifecore | $ | 6,101 |  |  | $ | 5,764 |  |  | $ | 337 |  |  | 6 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Curation Foods | (280) |  |  | 4,671 |  |  | (4,951) |  |  | (106) | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total Gross Profit | $ | 5,821 |  |  | $ | 10,435 |  |  | $ | (4,614) |  |  | (44) | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

Lifecore
The increase in gross profit for the Lifecore business for the three months ended August 28, 2022, compared to the same period last year, was due primarily to increased revenue.
Curation Foods
The decrease in gross profit for the Curation Foods business for the three months ended August 28, 2022, compared to the same period last year, was primarily driven by increased freight costs combined with increased raw product sourcing costs.
Operating Expenses:
Research and Development
R&D expenses consist primarily of product development and commercialization initiatives. R&D expenses in our Lifecore business are focused on new products and applications for HA-based and non-HA biomaterials. In the Curation Foods business R&D expenses are primarily focused on innovating our current product lines.

(In thousands) | Three Months Ended |  | Change |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| August 28, 2022 |  | August 29, 2021 |  | Amount |  | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Lifecore | $ | 2,046 |  |  | $ | 1,668 |  |  | $ | 378 |  |  | 23 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Curation Foods | 2 |  |  | 205 |  |  | (203) |  |  | (99) | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total R&D | $ | 2,048 |  |  | $ | 1,873 |  |  | $ | 175 |  |  | 9 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

The increase in R&D expenses for the three months ended August 28, 2022, compared to the same period last year, was primarily due to higher salary and benefits expenses, including increased headcount, in our Lifecore Segment.
Selling, General, and Administrative (“SG&A”)
SG&A expenses consist primarily of sales and marketing expenses associated with Landec’s product sales and services, business development expenses, and staff and administrative expenses.

(In thousands) | Three Months Ended |  | Change |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| August 28, 2022 |  | August 29, 2021 |  | Amount |  | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Lifecore | $ | 2,372 |  |  | $ | 2,216 |  |  | $ | 156 |  |  | 7 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Curation Foods | 3,444 |  |  | 2,892 |  |  | 552 |  |  | 19 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Other | 5,067 |  |  | 4,362 |  |  | 705 |  |  | 16 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total SG&A | $ | 10,883 |  |  | $ | 9,470 |  |  | $ | 1,413 |  |  | 15 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

The increase in total SG&A expenses for the three months ended August 28, 2022, compared to the same period last year, was due primarily to an increase at our Other segment primarily due to an increase in legal fees from compliance and other litigation matters, combined with increased salary and benefits expenses in our Curation Foods segment.
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Restructuring Costs

(In thousands) | Three Months Ended |  | Change |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| August 28, 2022 |  | August 29, 2021 |  | Amount |  | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Lifecore | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | — | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Curation Foods | 422 |  |  | 468 |  |  | (46) |  |  | (10) | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Other | 625 |  |  | 1,366 |  |  | (741) |  |  | (54) | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total SG&A | $ | 1,047 |  |  | $ | 1,834 |  |  | $ | (787) |  |  | (43) | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

During fiscal year 2020, the Company announced a restructuring plan to drive enhanced profitability, focus the business on its strategic assets and redesign the organization to be the appropriate size to compete and thrive. This includes a reduction-in-force, a reduction in leased office spaces and the sale of non-strategic assets. The Company recorded $1.0 million and $1.8 million during the three months ended August 28, 2022 and August 29, 2021, respectively, related to the restructuring plan. Restructuring costs for the three months ended August 28, 2022 decreased $0.8 million compared to the prior year period due to decreased restructuring activity in our Other Segment as part of our Project SWIFT initiatives to sell Curation Foods assets and prepare the Company for the transition to Lifecore. Refer to Note 8 - Restructuring Costs in the notes to our consolidated financial statements for more information.
Other:

(In thousands) | Three Months Ended |  | Change |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| August 28, 2022 |  | August 29, 2021 |  | Amount |  | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest Income | $ | 15 |  |  | $ | 27 |  |  | $ | (12) |  |  | (44) | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest Expense | $ | (3,678) |  |  | $ | (6,678) |  |  | $ | 3,000 |  |  | (45) | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Other Income (Expense), net | $ | (180) |  |  | $ | 109 |  |  | $ | (289) |  |  | N/M |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Income Tax (Expense) Benefit | $ | (64) |  |  | $ | 1,651 |  |  | $ | (1,715) |  |  | N/M |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

Interest Income
The decrease in interest income for the three months ended August 28, 2022, compared to the same period last year, was not significant.
Interest Expense
The decrease in interest expense for the three months ended August 28, 2022, compared to the same period last year, was primarily a result of prepaid interest and prepayment penalties incurred related to payments made on our term debt resulting from the sales of our investment in Windset during the three months ended August 29, 2021.
Other Income (Expense)
The decrease in other income (expense) for the three months ended August 28, 2022, compared to the same period last year, was primarily the result of the change in the fair value of our interest rate swap liability that is no longer an effective hedge as a result of our debt refinancing in December 2020.
Income Taxes
The change in income tax (expense) benefit for the three months ended August 28, 2022 compared to the same period last year was primarily due to the Company’s increase in net loss before income taxes from continuing operations and the Company’s effective tax rate for the three months ended August 28, 2022 changed from a tax provision benefit of 18% to a tax provision expense of 0.5% in comparison to the same period last year, after adjustment for discontinued operations. The decrease in the effective tax rate for the three months ended August 28, 2022 was primarily due to an increase in valuation allowance recorded against certain deferred tax assets, partially offset by the impact of federal and state research and development tax credits.
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Liquidity and Capital Resources
As of August 28, 2022, the Company had cash and cash equivalents of $4.2 million, a net increase of $2.6 million from $1.6 million as of May 29, 2022.
Cash Flow from Operating Activities
Net cash used in operating activities during the three months ended August 28, 2022 was $1.5 million, compared to $0.8 million of net cash provided by operating activities for the same period last year. The primary uses of net cash in operating activities during the three months ended August 28, 2022 were (1) a $12.1 million net loss and (2) $2.1 million gain on sale of BreatheWay assets. These uses of cash were partially offset by (1) a $6.8 million net decrease in working capital and (2) $5.8 million of depreciation/amortization and stock based compensation expense.
The primary factors for the decrease in working capital during the three months ended August 28, 2022, was a $2.6 million decrease in inventory driven by sales of product, a $7.2 million decrease in accounts receivable driven by timing of customer payments, partially offset by a $2.9 million decrease in accrued compensation driven by severance payments.
Cash Flow from Investing Activities
Net cash provided by investing activities during the three months ended August 28, 2022 was $0.2 million, compared to $38.3 million for the same period last year. Net cash provided by investing activities during the three months ended August 28, 2022 was primarily due to the receipt of $3.1 million related to the sale of our BreatheWay assets, partially offset by the purchase of $2.9 million of equipment to support the growth of the Company’s Lifecore business.
Cash Flow from Financing Activities
Net cash provided by financing activities during the three months ended August 28, 2022 was $3.9 million compared to $38.9 million of net cash used in financing activities for the same period last year. The net cash provided by financing activities during the three months ended August 28, 2022 was primarily due to a $4.0 million net increase in the Company’s line of credit.
Capital Expenditures
During the three months ended August 28, 2022, Landec incurred $2.9 million of capital expenditures, which was primarily represented by facility expansions and purchased equipment to support the growth of the Lifecore business, compared to capital expenditures of $7.9 million for the three months ended August 29, 2021. During the three months ended August 28, 2022, capital expenditures for Lifecore and Curation Foods were $2.8 million and $0.1 million, respectively.
Debt
On December 31, 2020, the Company refinanced its existing Term Loan and Revolver by entering into two separate Credit Agreements (the "New Credit Agreements") with BMO and Goldman Sachs Specialty Lending Group, L.P. (“Goldman”) and Guggenheim Credit Services, LLC ("Guggenheim"), as lenders (collectively, the “Refinance Lenders”). Pursuant to the credit agreement related to the revolving credit facility, BMO has provided the Company, Curation Foods and Lifecore, as co-borrowers, with an up to $75.0 million revolving line of credit (the “Refinance Revolver”) and serves as administrative agent of the Refinance Revolver. Pursuant to the credit agreement related to the term loan, Goldman and Guggenheim have provided the Company, Curation Foods and Lifecore, as co-borrowers, with an up to $170.0 million term loan facility (split equally between Goldman and Guggenheim) (the “Refinance Term Loan”) and Goldman serves as administrative agent of the Refinance Term Loan. The Refinance Revolver and Refinance Term Loan are guaranteed, and secured by, substantially all of the Company’s and the Company's direct and indirect subsidiaries' assets.
The Refinance Term Loan matures on December 31, 2025. The Refinance Revolver matures on December 31, 2025 or, if the Refinance Term Loan remains outstanding on such date, ninety (90) days prior to the maturity date of the Refinance Term Loan (on October 2, 2025).
The Refinance Term Loan provides for principal payments by the Company of 5% per annum, payable quarterly in arrears in equal installments, commencing on March 30, 2023, with the remainder due at maturity.
Interest on the Refinance Revolver is based upon the Company’s average availability, at a per annum rate of either (i) LIBOR rate plus a spread of between 2.00% and 2.50% or (ii) base rate plus a spread of between 1.00% and 1.50%, plus a commitment fee, as applicable, of 0.375%. Interest on the Refinance Term Loan is at a per annum rate based on either (i) the base rate plus a spread of 7.50% or (ii) the LIBOR rate plus a spread of 8.50%. The Refinance Term Loan Credit Agreement also
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provides that in the event of a prepayment of any amount other than the scheduled installments within twelve months after the closing date, a penalty will be assessed equal to the aggregate amount of interest that would have otherwise been payable from date of prepayment event until twelve months after the closing date plus 3% of the amount prepaid.
The New Credit Agreements provide the Company the right to increase the revolver commitments under the Refinance Revolver, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions (including consent from BMO), by obtaining additional commitments from either BMO or another lending institution at an amount of up to $15.0 million.
The New Credit Agreements contain customary financial covenants and events of default under which the obligations thereunder could be accelerated and/or the interest rate increased in specified circumstances.
In connection with the New Credit Agreements, the Company incurred debt issuance costs from the lender and third-parties of $10.3 million.
Concurrent with the close of the New Credit Agreements, the Company repaid all outstanding borrowings under the previous Credit Agreement, and terminated such previous Credit Agreement. In connection with the repayment of borrowings under such previous Credit Agreement, the Company recognized a loss in fiscal year 2021 of $1.1 million, as a result of the non-cash write-off of unamortized debt issuance costs related to the refinancing under the New Credit Agreements.
In April 2022 the Company amended the New Credit Agreement to make available again $20.0 million of term debt that had been previously repaid. In connection with this amendment, the Company incurred debt issuance costs from the lender of $0.7 million.
As of August 28, 2022, $44.0 million was outstanding on the Refinance Revolver, at an interest rate of 4.1%. As of August 28, 2022, the Refinance Term Loan had an interest rate of 10.1%. As of August 28, 2022, the Company was in compliance with all financial covenants and had no events of default under the New Credit Agreements.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements and Contractual Obligations
The Company is not a party to any agreements with, or commitments to, any special purpose entities that would constitute material off-balance sheet financing. There have been no material changes to our long-term contractual obligations as reported in our most recent Annual Report filed on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended May 29, 2022. See Note 6 – Debt for further information on the Company’s loans.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
There have been no material changes to the information provided under Item 7A. "Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk" which is included and described in the Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended May 29, 2022 filed with the SEC on September 14, 2022.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
As required by Rule 13a-15(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), we have evaluated, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to provide reasonable assurance that the information required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure and is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the SEC. Based upon the evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as of August 28, 2022, due to the material weakness in internal control over financial reporting that was disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended May 29, 2022.
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Remediation of Previously Disclosed Material Weakness in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
As previously disclosed in Item 9A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended May 29, 2022, management identified a material weakness as of such date. The identified material weakness was due to not designing and operating effective internal controls over the completeness and accuracy of the accounting for non-standard transactions, that would include discontinued operations and restructuring activity. Specifically, we did not design controls for non-standard transactions to ensure the accurate presentation of non-standard transactions, which would include discontinued operations and certain restructuring costs in our financial statements. This material weakness resulted in a material error in our interim financial information as presented in and filed with our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for our fiscal third quarter ended February 27, 2022, which was restated in Note 1 to our consolidated financial statements included in Part IV, Item 15 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended May 29, 2022.
In response to the material weakness referred to above, with the oversight of the Audit Committee of our Board of Directors, during the three months ended August 28, 2022 we began implementing a remediation plan to address the material weaknesses mentioned above. The material weaknesses will not be considered remediated until the applicable controls operate for a sufficient period of time and management has concluded, through testing, that these controls are operating effectively.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
The change described under “Remediation of Previously Disclosed Material Weakness in Internal Control over Financial Reporting” above represents a change in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the three months ended August 28, 2022 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. There were no other changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by this report that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
In the ordinary course of business, the Company is involved in various legal proceedings and claims. For further discussion, see the disclosures contained in Note 1 - Organization, Basis of Presentation, and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Legal Contingencies, which are incorporated herein by reference.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
You should carefully consider the risks described in Item 1A, Risk Factors, of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended May 29, 2022, as supplemented by our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal period ended August 28, 2022, as our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected by any of the risks and uncertainties described therein and herein. There have been no material changes to our risk factors as previously disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended May 29, 2022, as supplemented by our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal period ended August 28, 2022.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
None.
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities
None.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
Not applicable.
Item 5. Other Information
None.
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Item 6. Exhibits

Exhibit Number | Exhibit Title
3.1 | Certificate of Incorporation of the Registrant, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on November 7, 2008.
3.2 | Amended and Restated By-Laws of the Registrant, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 16, 2012.
3.3 | Amendment No. 1 to By-Laws of the Registrant, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 7, 2019.
3.4 | Amendment No. 2 to By-Laws of the Registrant, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 24, 2019.
3.5 | Amendment No. 3 to By-Laws of the Registrant, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 19, 2020.
10.1 | Transition and Separation Agreement, effective August 10, 2022, by and between the Company and Dr. Albert Bolles, Ph.D.
31.1+ | Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2+ | Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1** | Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2** | Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101.INS+ | XBRL Instance
101.SCH+ | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema
101.CAL+ | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation
101.DEF+ | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition
101.LAB+ | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Labels
101.PRE+ | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation
* | The schedules and other attachments to this exhibit have been omitted. The Company agrees to furnish a copy of any omitted schedules or attachments to the SEC upon request.
** | Information is furnished and shall not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), or otherwise subject to the liabilities of that section, nor shall it be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Exchange Act, except as expressly set forth by specific reference in such filing.
+ | Filed herewith.

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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

| LANDEC CORPORATION
| By: | /s/ John D. Morberg
|  | John D. Morberg
|  | Chief Financial Officer
|  | (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

Date: October 7, 2022
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