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Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2017
Accounting Policies [Abstract] |
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies | SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES Organization and Nature of Operations. Tredegar Corporation and subsidiaries (collectively “Tredegar,” “the Company,” “we,” “us” or “our”) are primarily engaged in the manufacture of polyethylene films, polyester films and aluminum extrusions, which are reported for business segment purposes under PE Films, Flexible Packaging Films (also referred to as Terphane) and Aluminum Extrusions (also referred to as Bonnell Aluminum), respectively. More information on the Company’s business segments is provided in Note 5. See Notes 10 and 17 regarding restructurings. Basis of Presentation. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts and operations of Tredegar and all of its majority-owned subsidiaries. Intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with United States (“U.S.”) generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) requires Tredegar to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenues, expenses, assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Certain amounts for the prior years have been reclassified to conform to current year presentation. Fiscal Year End. The Company operates on a calendar fiscal year except the Aluminum Extrusions segment, which operates on a 52/53-week fiscal year basis. References to Aluminum Extrusions for 2017, 2016 and 2015 relate to the 52-week fiscal years ended December 24, 2017, December 26, 2016 and December 27, 2015, respectively. The Company does not believe the impact of reporting the results of this segment as stated above is material to the consolidated financial results. Foreign Currency Translation. The financial statements of subsidiaries located outside the U.S., where the local currency is the functional currency, are translated into U.S. Dollars using exchange rates in effect at the period end for assets and liabilities and average exchange rates during each reporting period for results of operations. Adjustments resulting from the translation of these financial statements are reflected as a separate component of shareholders’ equity. There are no operating subsidiaries located outside the U.S. where the U.S. Dollar is the functional currency. Transaction and remeasurement gains or losses included in income were losses of $0.8 million, $3.6 million and $4.0 million in 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively. These amounts do not include the effects between reporting periods that exchange rate changes have on income of the locations outside the U.S. that result from translation into U.S. Dollars. Cash and Cash Equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash on hand in excess of daily operating requirements and highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less. At December 31, 2017 and 2016, Tredegar had cash and cash equivalents of $36.5 million and $29.5 million, respectively, including funds held in locations outside the U.S. of $32.7 million and $23.8 million, respectively. The Company’s policy permits investment of excess cash in marketable securities that have the highest credit ratings and maturities of less than one year. The primary objectives of the policy are safety of principal and liquidity. Accounts and Other Receivables. Accounts receivable are stated at the amount invoiced to customers less allowances for doubtful accounts and sales returns. Accounts receivable are non-interest bearing and arise from the sale of product to customers under typical industry trade terms. Notes receivable are not significant. Past due amounts are determined based on established terms and charged-off when deemed uncollectible. The allowance for doubtful accounts is determined based on an assessment of probable losses taking into account past due amounts, customer credit profile, historical experience and current economic conditions. Other receivables include value-added taxes related to certain foreign subsidiaries and other miscellaneous receivables due within one year. Inventories. Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market, with cost determined on the last-in, first-out (“LIFO”) basis, the weighted average cost or the first-in, first-out basis. Cost elements included in work-in-process and finished goods inventories are raw materials, direct labor and manufacturing overhead. Finished goods, work-in-process, raw materials and supplies, stores and other inventory are reviewed to determine if inventory quantities are in excess of forecasted usage or if they have become obsolete. Property, Plant and Equipment. Accounts include costs of assets constructed or purchased, related delivery and installation costs and interest incurred on significant capital projects during their construction periods. Expenditures for renewals and betterments also are capitalized, but expenditures for repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred. The cost and accumulated depreciation applicable to assets retired or sold are removed from the respective accounts, and gains or losses thereon are included in income. Capital expenditures for property, plant and equipment include capitalized interest. Capitalized interest included in capital expenditures for property, plant and equipment was $0.4 million, $0.3 million and $0.4 million in 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively. Depreciation is computed primarily by the straight-line method based on the estimated useful lives of the assets that, except for isolated exceptions, range from 5 to 40 years for buildings and land improvements and 2 to 20 years for machinery and equipment. Investments in Private Entities with Less Than or Equal to 50% Voting Ownership Interest. The Company accounts for its investments in private entities where its voting ownership is less than or equal to 50% based on the facts and circumstances surrounding the investment. For those investments measured at fair value, GAAP requires disclosure of the level within the fair value hierarchy in which fair value measurements in their entirety fall, segregating fair value measurements using quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1), significant other observable inputs (Level 2), and significant unobservable inputs (Level 3). Goodwill and Identifiable Intangibles. The excess of the purchase price over the fair value of identifiable net assets of acquired companies is allocated to goodwill. The Company assesses goodwill for impairment when events or circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable or, at a minimum, on an annual basis (December 1st of each year). The Company’s significant operating units in PE Films include Personal Care and Surface Protection. There are three operating units in Aluminum Extrusions: Bonnell Aluminum, AACOA and Futura. Each of these reporting units has separately identifiable operating net assets (operating assets including goodwill and identifiable intangible assets net of operating liabilities). The Company recorded a goodwill impairment charge of $44.5 million ($44.5 million after taxes) to write off the goodwill associated with Flexible Packaging Films in the third quarter of 2015. See Note 8 for additional details. The Company estimates the fair value of its reporting units using discounted cash flow analysis and comparative enterprise value-to-EBITDA (earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization) multiples. Goodwill of the PE Films operating units, Personal Care and Surface Protection, in the amounts of $46.8 million and $57.3 million, respectively, was tested for impairment at the annual testing date, with the estimated fair value of these reporting units exceeding the carrying value of their net assets by approximately 15% and +100%, respectively, at December 1, 2017. The goodwill of the Aluminum Extrusions reporting unit was tested for impairment at the annual testing date. The goodwill in Aluminum Extrusions is associated with the October 2012 acquisition of AACOA, Inc. (“AACOA”) and the February 2017 acquisition of Futura Industries Corporation (“Futura”). The estimated fair value of AACOA and Futura exceeded the carrying value of their net assets by approximately 61% and 42%, respectively, at December 1, 2017. Goodwill for AACOA and Futura totaled $13.7 million and $10.4 million, respectively, at December 31, 2017. Indefinite-lived identifiable intangible assets are assessed for impairment when events or circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable, or, at a minimum, on an annual basis (December 1st of each year). The Company estimates the fair value of its trade names using a relief-from-royalty method that relies upon a corresponding discounted cash flow analysis. For AACOA and Futura, the indefinite-lived identifiable intangible assets for each were tested for impairment at the annual testing date, with the estimated fair value substantially exceeding the carrying value of the net assets for each. Based on a valuation analysis conducted in the fourth quarter of 2017, Terphane recorded an impairment of its assets. Indefinite-lived trade names for Terphane were written down by $4.0 million to $2.4 million and were assigned estimated useful lives of 5 to 13 years. Also, Terphane recorded a reduction of the carrying value of definite-lived identifiable intangible assets in the amount of $14.0 million. Additional disclosure of Tredegar goodwill and identifiable intangible assets and the impairments recorded in 2017 are included in Note 8. Impairment of Long-Lived Assets. The Company reviews long-lived assets for possible impairment when events indicate that an impairment may exist. For assets that are held and used in operations, if events indicate that an asset may be impaired, the Company estimates the future unlevered pre-tax cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset and its eventual disposition. Assets are grouped for this purpose at the lowest level for which there are identifiable and independent cash flows. If the sum of these undiscounted pre-tax cash flows is less than the carrying amount of the asset, an impairment loss is calculated. Measurement of the impairment loss is the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the estimated fair value of the asset group. During the fourth quarter of 2017, in conjunction with annual business planning as well as valuation activities (including the use of discounted cash flow and comparative enterprise value-to-EBITDA multiple methods) and other efforts, the Company determined that the carrying value of Terphane’s remaining long-lived assets were impaired. Accordingly, the Company wrote down these assets based on an enterprise valuation for all of Terphane of approximately $30 million. This write-down resulted in a non-cash asset impairment loss recognized during the fourth quarter of 2017 of $101 million ($87 million after non-cash tax benefits). See Note 17 for more information on this impairment. Assets that are held for sale are reported at the lower of their carrying amount or estimated fair value less cost to sell, with an impairment loss recognized for any write-down required. Pension Costs and Postretirement Benefit Costs Other than Pensions. Pension costs and postretirement benefit costs other than pensions are accrued over the period employees provide service to Tredegar. Liabilities and expenses for pension plans and other postretirement benefits are determined using actuarial methodologies and incorporate significant assumptions, including the rate used to discount the future estimated liability, the long-term rate of return on plan assets, and several assumptions relating to the employee workforce. The Company recognizes the funded status of its pension and other postretirement plans in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Tredegar’s policy is to fund its pension plans at amounts not less than the minimum requirements of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (“ERISA”) of 1974 and to fund postretirement benefits other than pensions when claims are incurred. Revenue Recognition. Revenue from the sale of products, which is shown net of estimated sales returns and allowances, is recognized when title has passed to the customer, the price of the product is fixed and determinable, and collectability is reasonably assured. Amounts billed to customers related to freight have been classified as sales in the accompanying consolidated statements of income. The cost of freight has been classified as a separate line in the accompanying consolidated statements of income. Taxes assessed by a governmental authority that are both imposed on and concurrent with a specific revenue-producing transaction between Tredegar and its customers (such as value-added taxes) are accounted for on a net basis and therefore excluded from revenues. Research & Development (“R&D”) Costs. R&D costs are expensed as incurred and include primarily salaries, wages, employee benefits, equipment depreciation, facility costs and the cost of materials consumed relating to R&D efforts. R&D costs include a reasonable allocation of indirect costs. Income Taxes. Income taxes are recognized during the period in which transactions enter into the determination of income for financial reporting purposes, with deferred income taxes being provided at enacted statutory tax rates on the differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities (see Note 16). Tredegar’s policy is to accrue U.S. federal income taxes to the extent required under GAAP on unremitted earnings of all foreign subsidiaries where required. However, due to changes in the taxation of dividends under the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “TCJA”) enacted by the U.S. government on December 22, 2017, Tredegar will only record U.S. federal income taxes on unremitted earnings of its foreign subsidiaries where Tredegar cannot take steps to eliminate any potential tax on future distributions from its foreign subsidiaries. Prior to the second quarter of 2016, deferred U.S. federal income taxes had not been recorded for the undistributed earnings for Terphane Limitada because the Company had intended to permanently reinvest these earnings. Due to concerns about the current political and economic conditions in Brazil, Terphane Limitada began making cash distributions to the Company. During 2016, Terphane Limitada paid dividends totaling $13.3 million to the Company. Because of the accumulation of significant losses related to foreign currency translations at Terphane Limitada, there were no unrecorded deferred income tax liabilities associated with the U.S. federal income taxes and foreign withholding taxes on Terphane Limitada’s undistributed earnings as of December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016. A valuation allowance is recorded in the period when the Company determines that it is more likely than not that all or a portion of deferred income tax assets may not be realized. The establishment and removal of a valuation allowance requires the Company to consider all positive and negative evidence and make a judgmental decision regarding the amount of valuation allowance required as of a reporting date. The benefit of an uncertain tax position is included in the accompanying financial statements when the Company determines that it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained, based on the technical merits of the position, if the taxing authority examines the position and the dispute is litigated. This determination is made on the basis of all the facts, circumstances and information available as of the reporting date. Earnings Per Share. Basic earnings per share is computed using the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding. Diluted earnings per share is computed using the weighted average common and potentially dilutive common equivalent shares outstanding, determined as follows:
| 2017 |  | 2016 |  | 2015
Weighted average shares outstanding used to compute basic earnings per share | 32,945,961 |  |  | 32,761,793 |  |  | 32,578,116 |
Incremental shares attributable to stock options and restricted stock | 5,327 |  |  | 13,279 |  |  | — |
Shares used to compute diluted earnings per share | 32,951,288 |  |  | 32,775,072 |  |  | 32,578,116 |
Incremental shares attributable to stock options and restricted stock are computed using the average market price during the related period. The Company had a net loss in 2015, so there is no dilutive impact for such shares. If the Company had reported net income in 2015, average out-of-the-money options to purchase shares that would have been excluded from the calculation of incremental shares attributable to stock options and restricted stock were 881,513. The average out-of-the-money options to purchase shares that were excluded from the calculation of incremental shares attributable to stock options and restricted stock were 397,669 in 2017 and 128,200 in 2016. Stock-Based Employee Compensation Plans. Compensation expense is recorded on all share-based awards based upon its calculated fair value over the requisite service period using the graded-vesting method. The fair value of stock option awards was estimated as of the grant date using the Black-Scholes options-pricing model. The fair value of restricted stock awards was estimated as of the grant date using the closing stock price on that date. The assumptions used in this model for valuing Tredegar stock options granted in 2017 (no grants in 2015 and 2016) were as follows:
| 2017
Dividend yield | 1.9 | %
Weighted average volatility percentage | 38.3 | %
Weighted average risk-free interest rate | 1.8 | %
Holding period (years): |
Officers | 5 |
Management | 5 |
Weighted average exercise price at date of grant (also weighted average market price at date of grant): |
Officers | $ | 15.65 |
Management | 15.65 |
The dividend yield is the actual dividend yield on Tredegar’s common stock at the date of grant, which the Company believes is a reasonable estimate of the expected yield during the holding period. The expected volatility is based on the historical volatility of Tredegar’s common stock using a sequential period of historical data equal to the expected holding period of the option. The Company has no reason to believe that future volatility for this period is likely to differ from the past. The assumed risk-free interest rate is based on observed interest rates (zero coupon U.S. Treasury debt securities) appropriate for the expected holding period. In March 2016, the FASB issued amended guidance (ASU 2016-09) to simplify several aspects of the accounting for share-based payment transactions, including the income tax consequences, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities, and classification on the statement of cash flows. The Company adopted the new guidance in the first quarter of 2017. Under the new guidance, excess tax benefits related to equity compensation were recognized in income tax expense (benefit) in the consolidated statements of income rather than in accumulated other comprehensive income in the consolidated balance sheets and were applied on a prospective basis. If these amounts had been included in the consolidated statements of income in previous years, net income would have been reduced by $1.1 million in 2016, and the net loss would have increased $0.3 million in 2015. Changes to the statements of cash flows related to the classification of excess tax benefits and employee taxes paid for share-based payment arrangements were implemented on a retrospective basis. In addition, the updated guidance allows the Company to make an accounting policy election to account for forfeitures as they occur. Previously, the Company was required to estimate forfeitures at the grant date, accounting for estimated forfeitures over the requisite service period. Tredegar stock options granted during 2017 (no grants in 2015 and 2016), and related estimated fair value at the date of grant, are as follows:
| 2017
Stock options granted (number of shares): |
Officers | 151,992 |
Management | 57,559 |
Total | 209,551 |
Estimated weighted average fair value of options per share at date of grant: |
Officers | $ | 4.69 |
Management | 4.69 |
Total estimated fair value of stock options granted (in thousands) | $ | 983 |
Additional disclosure of Tredegar stock options is included in Note 12. Financial Instruments. Tredegar uses derivative financial instruments for the purpose of hedging aluminum price volatility and currency exchange rate exposures that exist as part of transactions associated with ongoing business operations. The Company’s derivative financial instruments are designated as and qualify as cash flow hedges and are recognized in the accompanying balance sheet at fair value. A change in the fair value of the derivative that is highly effective and that is designated and qualifies as a cash flow hedge is recorded in other comprehensive income. Gains and losses reported in other comprehensive income (loss) are reclassified to earnings in the periods in which earnings are affected by the variability of cash flows of the hedged transaction. Such gains and losses are reported on the same line as the underlying hedged item, and the cash flows related to financial instruments are classified in the consolidated statements of cash flows in a manner consistent with those of the transactions being hedged. Any hedge ineffectiveness (which represents the amount by which the changes in the fair value of the derivative exceed the variability in the cash flows of the forecasted transaction) is recorded in current period earnings. The amount of gains and losses recognized for hedge ineffectiveness were not material in 2017, 2016 and 2015. The Company’s policy requires that it formally document all relationships between hedging instruments and hedged items, as well as its risk management objective and strategy for undertaking various hedge transactions. The Company also formally assesses (both at the hedge’s inception and on an ongoing basis) whether the derivatives that are used in hedging transactions have been highly effective in offsetting changes in the fair value or cash flows of hedged items and whether those derivatives may be expected to remain highly effective in future periods. When it is determined that a derivative is not (or has ceased to be) highly effective as a hedge, the Company discontinues hedge accounting prospectively. As a policy, Tredegar does not engage in speculative or leveraged transactions, nor does it hold or issue financial instruments for trading purposes. Additional disclosure of the utilization of derivative hedging instruments is included in Note 9. Comprehensive Income (Loss). Comprehensive income (loss) is defined as net income or loss as adjusted by other comprehensive income or loss items. Other comprehensive income (loss) includes changes in foreign currency translation adjustments, unrealized gains and losses on derivative financial instruments, prior service costs and net gains or losses from pension and other postretirement benefit plans arising during the period and amortization of these prior service costs and net gain or loss adjustments, all recorded net of deferred income taxes. The following table summarizes the after-tax changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for the year ended December 31, 2017:
(In thousands) | Foreign currency translation adjustment |  | Gain (loss) on derivative financial instruments |  | Pension and other post-retirement benefit adjustments |  | Total
Beginning balance, January 1, 2017 | $ | (93,970 | ) |  | $ | 863 |  |  | $ | (90,127 | ) |  | $ | (183,234 | )
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications | 7,792 |  |  | 538 |  |  | (8,634 | ) |  | (304 | )
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | — |  |  | (942 | ) |  | 7,811 |  |  | 6,869 |
Net other comprehensive income (loss) - current period | 7,792 |  |  | (404 | ) |  | (823 | ) |  | 6,565 |
Ending balance, December 31, 2017 | $ | (86,178 | ) |  | $ | 459 |  |  | $ | (90,950 | ) |  | $ | (176,669 | )
The following table summarizes the after-tax changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for the year ended December 31, 2016:
(In thousands) | Foreign currency translation adjustment |  | Gain (loss) on derivative financial instruments |  | Pension and other post-retirement benefit adjustments |  | Total
Beginning balance, January 1, 2016 | $ | (112,807 | ) |  | $ | (373 | ) |  | $ | (95,539 | ) |  | $ | (208,719 | )
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications | 18,837 |  |  | 247 |  |  | (3,288 | ) |  | 15,796 |
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | — |  |  | 989 |  |  | 8,700 |  |  | 9,689 |
Net other comprehensive income (loss) - current period | 18,837 |  |  | 1,236 |  |  | 5,412 |  |  | 25,485 |
Ending balance, December 31, 2016 | $ | (93,970 | ) |  | $ | 863 |  |  | $ | (90,127 | ) |  | $ | (183,234 | )
Reclassifications of balances out of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) into net income during 2017 are summarized as follows:
(In thousands) | Amount reclassified from other comprehensive income (loss) |  | Location of gain (loss) reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) to net income (loss)
Gain (loss) on derivative financial instruments: |  |  |
Aluminum future contracts, before taxes | $ | 1,210 |  |  | Cost of goods sold
Foreign currency forward contracts, before taxes | 62 |  |  | Cost of goods sold
Foreign currency forward contracts, before taxes | (43 | ) |  | Selling, general and administrative
Total, before taxes | 1,229 |  |  |
Income tax expense (benefit) | 287 |  |  | Income taxes
Total, net of tax | $ | 942 |  |  |
Amortization of pension and other post-retirement benefits: |  |  |
Actuarial gain (loss) and prior service costs, before taxes | $ | (12,045 | ) |  | (a)
Income tax expense (benefit) | (4,234 | ) |  | Income taxes
Total, net of tax | $ | (7,811 | ) |  |
(a) This component of accumulated other comprehensive income is included in the computation of net periodic pension cost (see Note 13 for additional detail).
Reclassifications of balances out of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) into net income during 2016 are summarized as follows:
(In thousands) | Amount reclassified from other comprehensive income (loss) |  | Location of gain (loss) reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) to net income
Gain (loss) on derivative financial instruments: |  |  |
Aluminum future contracts, before taxes | $ | (1,630 | ) |  | Cost of goods sold
Foreign currency forward contracts, before taxes | 62 |  |  | Cost of goods sold
Total, before taxes | (1,568 | ) |  |
Income tax expense (benefit) | (579 | ) |  | Income taxes
Total, net of tax | $ | (989 | ) |  |
Amortization of pension and other post-retirement benefits: |  |  |
Actuarial gain (loss) and prior service costs, before taxes | $ | (13,098 | ) |  | (a)
Income tax expense (benefit) | (4,398 | ) |  | Income taxes
Total, net of tax | $ | (8,700 | ) |  |
(a) This component of accumulated other comprehensive income is included in the computation of net periodic pension cost (see Note 13 for additional detail).
Reclassifications of balances out of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) into net income during 2015 are summarized as follows:
(In thousands) | Amount reclassified from other comprehensive income (loss) |  | Location of gain (loss) reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) to net income
Gain (loss) on derivative financial instruments: |  |  |
Aluminum future contracts, before taxes | $ | (3,538 | ) |  | Cost of goods sold
Foreign currency forward contracts, before taxes | 62 |  |  | Cost of goods sold
Total, before taxes | (3,476 | ) |  |
Income tax expense (benefit) | (1,284 | ) |  | Income taxes
Total, net of tax | $ | (2,192 | ) |  |
Amortization of pension and other post-retirement benefits: |  |  |
Actuarial gain (loss) and prior service costs, before taxes | $ | (16,041 | ) |  | (a)
Income tax expense (benefit) | (5,823 | ) |  | Income taxes
Total, net of tax | $ | (10,218 | ) |  |
(a) This component of accumulated other comprehensive income is included in the computation of net periodic pension cost (see Note 13 for additional detail).
Recently Issued Accounting Standards. In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) and International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”) issued their converged standard on revenue recognition. The revised revenue standard contains principles that an entity will apply to direct the measurement of revenue and timing of when it is recognized. The core principle of the guidance is that the recognition of revenue should depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which an entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods and services. To achieve that core principle, an entity will utilize a principle-based five-step approach model. The converged standard also includes more robust disclosure requirements which will require entities to provide sufficient information to enable users of financial statements to understand the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. In March 2016, amended guidance was issued regarding clarifying the implementation guidance on principal versus agent considerations and in April 2016, clarifying guidance was issued relating to identifying performance obligations and licensing implementation. The effective date of this revised standard is for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within that reporting period. The converged standard can be adopted using a full retrospective method or a modified retrospective method, which applies the new guidance to contracts that are not completed at the adoption date without adjusting prior reporting periods. The Company has completed its assessment of the impact of this standard. The Company used a team to analyze the impact of the standard, and the related guidance issued, across all revenue streams and to evaluate the impact of the new standard on revenue contracts. This team reviewed current accounting policies and practices, identifying potential differences that would result from applying the requirements under the new standard. The Company will adopt this new standard in the first quarter of 2018 using the modified retrospective method of adoption, and the adoption will not have a material impact on the timing or amount of revenue recognized in the Company’s consolidated financial statements, although there will be expanded disclosures. In July 2015, the FASB issued new guidance for the measurement of inventories. Inventories within the scope of the revised guidance should be measured at the lower of cost or net realizable value. The previous guidance dictated that inventory should be measured at the lower of cost or market, with market being either replacement cost, net realizable value or net realizable value less an approximation of normal profit margin. Net realizable value is the estimated selling prices in the ordinary course of business, less reasonably predictable costs of completion, disposal and transportation. Subsequent measurement is unchanged for inventories measured using LIFO or the retail inventory method. The Company adopted the new guidance prospectively in the first quarter of 2017, and the adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. In January 2016, the FASB issued amended guidance associated with accounting for equity investments measured at fair value. The amended guidance requires all equity investments to be measured at fair value with changes in the fair value recognized through net income (other than those accounted for under equity method of accounting or those that result in consolidation of the investee or those without a readily determinable fair value). The amended guidance also requires an entity to present separately in other comprehensive income the portion of the total change in the fair value of a liability resulting from a change in the instrument-specific credit risk when the entity has elected to measure the liability at fair value in accordance with the fair value option for financial instruments. In addition, the amendments in this update eliminate the requirement to disclose the fair value of financial instruments measured at amortized cost for entities that are not public business entities and the requirement to disclose the method(s) and significant assumptions used to estimate the fair value that is required to be disclosed for financial instruments measured at amortized cost on the balance sheet for public business entities. The amended guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 31, 2017, including the interim periods within those fiscal years. The amendments should be applied by means of a cumulative-effect adjustment to the balance sheet as of the beginning of the fiscal year of adoption. The amendments related to equity securities without readily determinable fair values (including disclosure requirements) should be applied prospectively to equity investments that exist as of the date of adoption of the update. Early adoption is permitted under limited, specific circumstances. The adoption of the amended guidance is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. In February 2016, the FASB issued a revised standard on lease accounting. Lessees will need to recognize virtually all of their leases on the balance sheet, by recording a right-of-use asset and lease liability. The revised standard requires additional analysis of the components of a transaction to determine if a right-of-use asset is embedded in the transaction that needs to be treated as a lease. Substantial additional disclosures are also required by the revised standard. The revised standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 31, 2018, including the interim periods within those fiscal years. The revised standard should be adopted using a modified retrospective approach, with early adoption permitted. The Company has a process in place to analyze the impact of the standard, and the related guidance issued, on all leases throughout the Company. This process includes reviewing all active leases with terms greater than 12 months, which are currently being identified. The Company has also started evaluating the new requirements for tracking and cost recovery of these leases. The Company expects to complete its evaluations of the impacts of the accounting and disclosure requirements on its business processes, controls and systems by the second half of 2018. In October 2016, the FASB issued guidance that requires an entity to recognize the income tax consequences of an intra-entity transfer of an asset other than inventory when the transfer occurs. The amendments are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2017, and should be applied on a modified retrospective basis through a cumulative-effect adjustment directly to retained earnings at the beginning of the period of adoption. Early adoption is permitted in the first interim period of an annual reporting period for which financial statements have not been issued. The Company has evaluated the impact of adopting this guidance and does not expect there to be a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. In January 2017, the FASB issued guidance to assist with evaluating when a set of transferred assets and activities (collectively, the "set") is a business and provides a screen to determine when a set is not a business. Under the new guidance, when substantially all of the fair value of gross assets acquired (or disposed of) is concentrated in a single identifiable asset, or group of similar assets, the assets acquired would not represent a business. Also, to be considered a business, an acquisition would have to include an input and a substantive process that together significantly contribute to the ability to produce outputs. The new standard is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2017, and should be applied on a prospective basis to any transactions occurring within the period of adoption. Early adoption is permitted for interim or annual periods for which the financial statements have not been issued. The Company has not elected early adoption of this guidance and will apply the new guidance beginning in the first quarter of 2018. In January 2017, the FASB issued amended guidance that eliminates the requirement to determine the fair value of individual assets and liabilities of a reporting unit to measure goodwill impairment. Under the amendments in the new guidance, goodwill impairment testing will be performed by comparing the fair value of the reporting unit with its carrying amount and recognizing an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value. The new standard is effective for annual and interim goodwill impairment tests in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and should be applied on a prospective basis. Early adoption is permitted for annual or interim goodwill impairment testing performed after January 1, 2017. The Company has not elected early adoption and does not expect any impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. In March 2017, the FASB issued final guidance on the presentation of net periodic pension and postretirement benefit cost (net benefit cost). Currently, net benefit cost is reported as an employee cost within operating income. This new guidance requires the bifurcation of net periodic pension and postretirement benefit costs. Service cost will be part of operating income (and is the only piece eligible to be capitalized). All other components will be shown outside of operations. The new standard is effective for annual and interim periods in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and should be applied on a retrospective basis, except for the amendments related to capitalization of benefit cost, which should be applied on a prospective basis. The Company is currently evaluating the amended guidance but does not expect there to be an impact of adopting this guidance on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. In August 2017, the FASB issued amended guidance on the accounting for hedging activities. The amended guidance makes more hedging strategies qualify for hedge accounting. After initial qualification, the amended guidance permits a qualitative effectiveness assessment for certain hedges instead of a quantitative test, if the company can reasonably support an expectation of effectiveness throughout the term of the hedge. The amended guidance is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after January 1, 2019, but may be adopted immediately. The adoption should be on a cumulative effect basis and applied prospectively. The Company is currently evaluating the amended guidance but does not expect there to be an impact of adopting this guidance on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

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- Definition The entire disclosure for all significant accounting policies of the reporting entity. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 235 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2122369 + Details
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