Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Schedule of Estimated Fair Value of Options Valuation Assumptions

The following table provides the significant assumptions used in determining the estimated grant date fair value of the stock options granted in fiscal 2022. No grants were awarded in fiscal 2024 and 2023.


Expected term (in years)	4.45
Expected volatility	64.42	%
Expected dividend yield	0.20	%
Risk-free rate	3.23	%

Schedule of Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on Nonrecurring Basis

Assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis are as follows (in thousands):


			Fair Value at Reporting Date Using
Description	September 30, 2024		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Asset (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Property and equipment**	$	7,975	$	—	$	—	$	7,975
Indefinite-lived intangibles**	16,575		—		—		16,575
Definite-lived intangibles**	1,682		—		—		1,682


			Fair Value at Reporting Date Using
Description	September 30, 2023		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Asset (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Property and equipment*	$	21,454	$	—	$	—	$	21,454
Indefinite-lived intangibles*	43,948		—		—		43,948
Indefinite-lived intangibles**	2,996		—		—		2,996
Definite-lived intangibles**	8,220		—		—		8,220
Goodwill*	6,881		—		—		6,881
Goodwill**	1,084		—		—		1,084
Current assets*	696		—		—		696

*Certain assets and liabilities measured at the acquisition dates.

** Measured at year-end impairment testing.


	Unrealized Gain (Loss/Impairments†) Recognized
	Years Ended September 30,
Description	2024		2023		2022
Goodwill	$	(8,861)	$	(4,239)	$	(566)
Property and equipment, net (including held for sale)	(10,582)		(58)		(1,029)
Indefinite-lived intangibles	(11,243)		(5,516)		(293)
Definite-lived intangibles	(1,283)		(1,813)		—
Operating lease right-of-use assets	(6,480)		(1,003)		—
Other assets	(68)		—		—

† Cumulative annual impairments based on interim and year-end testing.

Schedule of Significant Unobservable Inputs Used in Level 3 Fair Value Measurement

The significant unobservable inputs used in our level 3 fair value measurements are as follows:


			Range (Weighted Average)
Areas	Valuation Techniques	Unobservable Input	2024	2023	2022

Property and equipment	Discounted cash flow	Long-term revenue/EBITDA growth rate	-2.3% - 1.6% (0.9%)	0% - 2.5% (1.25%)	0% - 2.5% (1.5%)
		Weighted average cost of capital	9.6% (9.6%)	11% (11%)	12.5% (12.5%)

Goodwill	Discounted cash flow	EBITDA multiple	1x - 13x (13x)	9x - 12x (12x)	8x - 10x (9x)
		Long-term revenue/EBITDA growth rate	-2.3% - 1.6% (0.9%)	0% - 2.5% (2.5%)	0% - 2.5% (1.5%)
		Weighted average cost of capital	9.6% (9.6%)	11% (11%)	12.5% (12.5%)

SOB licenses	Multiperiod excess earnings	Long-term revenue/EBITDA growth rate	1.6% (1.6%)	0% - 2.5% (2.5%)	0% - 2.5% (1.5%)
		Weighted average cost of capital	9.6% (9.6%)	11% (11%)	12.5% (12.5%)
		Contributory asset charges rate	5.1% - 16.2% (15.1%)	10% - 21.5% (15%)	0.5% - 7.4% (2.3%)

Tradename	Relief-from-royalty method	Long-term revenue growth rate	1.6% (1.6%)	0% - 2.5% (2.5%)	0% - 2.5% (1.5%)
		Royalty rate	3% - 6% (4.4%)	3.0% - 6.0% (4.7%)	3.5% - 4.5% (4%)
		Weighted average cost of capital	9.6% (9.6%)	11% (11%)	12.5% (12.5%)

Operating lease right-of-use assets	Discounted cash flow	Long-term EBITDA growth rate	-2.3% - 1.6% (0.9%)	1.5% - 2.5% (2.3%)	0% - 2.5% (1.5%)
		Weighted average cost of capital	9.6% (9.6%)	11% (11%)	12.5% (12.5%)

Business combinations	Various*	Growth rate	None	0% - 11% (5.5%)	2.5% - 10% (4.8%)
		Weighted average cost of capital	None	16.5% - 18% (17.8%)	15% - 19.5% (18.1%)
		Internal rate of return	None	16.5% - 30% (22.4%)	15% - 21.5% (19.4%)
		Contributory asset charges rate	None	15.6% - 21.5% (16.3%)	8.5% - 10.2% (9.3%)

* Includes all of the valuation techniques for each of the fair valued assets above as of each acquisition date.