<SEC-DOCUMENT>0001104659-26-025156.txt : 20260309
<SEC-HEADER>0001104659-26-025156.hdr.sgml : 20260309
<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20260309152046
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0001104659-26-025156
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	N-CSR
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		11
CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT:	20251231
FILED AS OF DATE:		20260309
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20260309
EFFECTIVENESS DATE:		20260309

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc.
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0000846676
		ORGANIZATION NAME:           	
		EIN:				222990009
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			MD
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1231

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		N-CSR
		SEC ACT:		1940 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	811-05770
		FILM NUMBER:		26734589

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		1900 MARKET STREET
		STREET 2:		SUITE 200
		CITY:			PHILADELPHIA
		STATE:			PA
		ZIP:			19103
		BUSINESS PHONE:		215-405-5700

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		1900 MARKET STREET
		STREET 2:		SUITE 200
		CITY:			PHILADELPHIA
		STATE:			PA
		ZIP:			19103

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	ABRDN EMERGING MARKETS EQUITY INCOME FUND, INC.
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	20220630

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	ABERDEEN EMERGING MARKETS EQUITY INCOME FUND, INC.
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	20180501

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	ABERDEEN CHILE FUND, INC.
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	20100407
</SEC-HEADER>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>N-CSR
<SEQUENCE>1
<FILENAME>tm262592d1_ncsr.htm
<DESCRIPTION>N-CSR
<TEXT>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">UNITED STATES</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">Washington, D.C. 20549</p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>FORM N-CSR</b></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>CERTIFIED SHAREHOLDER REPORT OF REGISTERED
MANAGEMENT INVESTMENT COMPANIES</b></p>


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    <td style="width: 51%"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Investment Company Act file number:</font></td>
    <td style="width: 4%">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="width: 45%"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">811-05770</font></td></tr>
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    <td><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Exact name of registrant as specified in charter:</font></td>
    <td>&#xa0;</td>
    <td><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc.</font></td></tr>
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    <td>&#xa0;</td>
    <td>&#xa0;</td>
    <td>&#xa0;</td></tr>
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    <td><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Address of principal executive offices:</font></td>
    <td>&#xa0;</td>
    <td><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1900 Market Street, Suite 200</font></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td>&#xa0;</td>
    <td>&#xa0;</td>
    <td><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Philadelphia, PA 19103</font></td></tr>
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    <td><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Name and address of agent for service:</font></td>
    <td>&#xa0;</td>
    <td><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Sharon Ferrari</font></td></tr>
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    <td>&#xa0;</td>
    <td>&#xa0;</td>
    <td><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">abrdn Inc.</font></td></tr>
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    <td>&#xa0;</td>
    <td>&#xa0;</td>
    <td><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1900 Market Street, Suite 200</font></td></tr>
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    <td>&#xa0;</td>
    <td>&#xa0;</td>
    <td><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Philadelphia, PA 19103</font></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td>&#xa0;</td>
    <td>&#xa0;</td>
    <td>&#xa0;</td></tr>
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    <td><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Registrant&#x2019;s telephone number, including area code:</font></td>
    <td>&#xa0;</td>
    <td><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1-800-522-5465</font></td></tr>
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    <td>&#xa0;</td>
    <td>&#xa0;</td>
    <td>&#xa0;</td></tr>
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    <td><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Date of fiscal year end:</font></td>
    <td>&#xa0;</td>
    <td><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">December 31</font></td></tr>
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    <td><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Date of reporting period:</font></td>
    <td>&#xa0;</td>
    <td><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">December 31, 2025</font></td></tr>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>Item 1. Reports to Stockholders.</b></p>


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<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:20pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:23pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc. (AEF)</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:14pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:17pt; margin-top:14pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Annual Report</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:14pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:17pt; margin-top:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">December 31, 2025</div>
</div>
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<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:21.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:24.5pt; margin-top:2pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">aberdeeninvestments.com</div>
</div>
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<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:18pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:21pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Letter to Shareholders &#xa0;<font style="font-size:11pt; line-height:14pt">(unaudited)&#xa0;</font></div>
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<hr style="background-color:#000000; border-bottom:0pt; border-left:0pt; border-right:0pt; border-top:0.5pt solid #000000; height:0.5pt; width:100%; text-align: Left;">
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<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Dear Shareholder,</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">We present the Annual Report,
which covers the activities of abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc. (the &#x201c;Fund&#x201d;), for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025. The Fund&#x2019;s investment objective is to seek to provide&#xa0;both
current income and long-term capital appreciation.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:11pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:14pt; margin-top:5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Total Investment Return<sup style="font-size:85%; font-style:Normal; text-transform:none">1</sup></div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">For the fiscal year ended
December 31, 2025, the total return to shareholders of the Fund based on the net asset value (&#x201c;NAV&#x201d;) and market price of the Fund, respectively, compared to the Fund&#x2019;s benchmark, &#xa0;is as
follows:</div>
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; border-top:0.5pt solid #000000; empty-cells:show; margin-top:6pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:82.04%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">NAV<sup style="font-size:85%; font-style:Normal; text-transform:none">2</sup><sup style="font-size:85%; font-style:Normal; text-transform:none">,</sup><sup style="font-size:85%; font-style:Normal; text-transform:none">3</sup>
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:21.45%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">42.08%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:82.04%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Market Price<sup style="font-size:85%; font-style:Normal; text-transform:none">2</sup>
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:4.13pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:21.45%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">49.69%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:2.5pt; padding-left:16pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-indent:-10pt; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:82.04%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">MSCI Emerging Markets ex China Index (Net Daily Total Return)<sup style="font-size:85%; font-style:Normal; text-transform:none">4</sup><sup style="font-size:85%; font-style:Normal; text-transform:none">,</sup><sup style="font-size:85%; font-style:Normal; text-transform:none">5</sup>
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:2.5pt; padding-left:5.54pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:21.45%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">34.61%
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">For more information about
Fund performance, please visit the Fund on the web at www.aberdeenaef.com. Here, you can view quarterly commentary on the Fund's performance, monthly fact sheets, distribution and performance information, and other
Fund literature.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:11pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:14pt; margin-top:5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">NAV, Market Price and
Premium(+)/Discount(-)</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The below table represents a
comparison between the current fiscal year end and the prior fiscal year end of the&#xa0;Fund's market price to&#xa0;NAV and associated Premium(+) and Discount(-).</div>
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:6pt; width:97.67%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:3pt; text-align:left; vertical-align:bottom; width:44.65%; background-color: #D9D9D9;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:3pt; text-align:center; vertical-align:bottom; width:12.66%; background-color: #D9D9D9;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:3pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:16.02%; background-color: #D9D9D9;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:3pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:24.28%; background-color: #D9D9D9;">&#xa0;
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:2.5pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:left; vertical-align:bottom; width:44.65%; background-color: #D9D9D9;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12pt; padding-bottom:2.5pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:12.66%; background-color: #D9D9D9;">NAV
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12pt; padding-bottom:2.5pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:16.02%; background-color: #D9D9D9;">Closing<br>
Market<br>
Price
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12pt; padding-bottom:2.5pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:24.28%; background-color: #D9D9D9;">Premium(+)/<br>
Discount(-)
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:3.38pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:44.65%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">12/31/2025
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:3.38pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:12.66%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$<font style="padding-left:1.42pt"></font>7.63
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:3.38pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:16.02%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$7.00
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:9.42pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:3.38pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:24.28%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">-8.26%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:2.5pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:44.65%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">12/31/2024
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:2.5pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:12.66%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$5.96
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:2.5pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:16.02%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$<font style="padding-left:1.16pt"></font>5.19
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:2.5pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:24.28%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">-12.92%
</td></tr></table>
</div>
</div>
<div style="float:right; overflow:hidden; position:relative; width:47.96%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">During the fiscal year ended December 31,
2025, the Fund&#x2019;s NAV was within a range of $5.16 to $7.84 and the Fund&#x2019;s market price traded within a range of $4.46 to $7.21. During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025, the Fund&#x2019;s shares traded
within a range of a premium(+)/discount(-) of -15.85% to -7.45%. During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025 and fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, the Fund made distributions of $0.65 and $0.39, respectively.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:11pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:14pt; margin-top:5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Aberdeen Name Change</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">On March 4, 2025, abrdn plc,
the parent company of the Fund's adviser, announced that it would change its name, and from that date, will use 'Aberdeen' as the principal trading identity for its investments business. On March 12, 2025, abrdn plc
completed the steps to legally change its name to Aberdeen Group plc. Aberdeen has retained 'abrdn' as an operational abbreviation across its subsidiary legal entities (including the Fund's adviser, fund names and
descriptors).</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:11pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:14pt; margin-top:5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Strategic Changes</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">On December 10, 2024, the
Fund announced that its Board of Directors (the "Board") had approved multiple changes to the Fund including: (1) changes to the Fund's name and 80% non-fundamental investment policy; (2) a 20% tender offer to be
offered in the first quarter of 2025; (3) a new 3-year performance-based conditional tender offer policy commencing on March 1, 2025; and (4) an increase to its annualized distribution rate from 6.5% to 10% effective
with the distribution that was declared in March 2025.</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="clear:both">&#xa0;
<div style="clear:both; padding-top:47.5pt; width:94%">
<div style="clear:both; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12pt; margin-top:144pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">{foots1}</div>
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:11pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:2.22%"><sup style="font-size:85%; font-style:Normal; text-transform:none">1</sup>
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:2pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:97.78%">Past performance is no guarantee of future results. Investment returns and principal value will fluctuate and shares, when sold, may be worth more or less than original cost. Current performance may be
lower or higher than the performance quoted. Net asset value return data include investment management fees, custodial charges and administrative fees (such as Director and legal fees) and assumes the reinvestment of
all distributions.
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<div style="clear:both; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">{foots1}</div>
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:57pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:2.22%"><sup style="font-size:85%; font-style:Normal; text-transform:none">2</sup>
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:97.78%">Assuming the reinvestment of all dividends and distributions.
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<div style="clear:both; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">{foots1}</div>
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:69pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:2.22%"><sup style="font-size:85%; font-style:Normal; text-transform:none">3</sup>
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:97.78%">The Fund&#x2019;s total return is based on the reported NAV for each financial reporting period end and may differ from what is reported on the Financial Highlights due to financial statement rounding or adjustments.
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<div style="clear:both; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">{foots1}</div>
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:92pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:2.22%"><sup style="font-size:85%; font-style:Normal; text-transform:none">4</sup>
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:2pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:97.78%">The MSCI Emerging Markets ex China Index (the "Index") captures large and mid cap representation across 23 of the 24 Emerging Markets (EM) countries excluding China. With 645 constituents, the Index
covers approximately 85% of the free float-adjusted market capitalization in each country. EM countries include: Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Czech Republic, Egypt, Greece, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Korea, Kuwait,
Malaysia, Mexico, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey and United Arab Emirates. The Index is calculated net of withholding taxes to which the Fund is generally
subject. The Index is unmanaged and has been provided for comparison purposes only. No fees or expenses are reflected. You cannot invest directly in an index. Index performance is not an indication of the performance
of the Fund itself.
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<div style="clear:both; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">{foots1}</div>
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:172pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:2.22%"><sup style="font-size:85%; font-style:Normal; text-transform:none">5</sup>
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:97.78%">Performance information for periods prior to February 24, 2025 does not reflect the current 80% investment policy.
</td></tr></table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="padding-top:20.5pt; width:100%">
<div style="text-align:right">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-left:auto; margin-top:0pt; width:27.41%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:10pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:100%">abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc.
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:10pt; padding-left:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:13.51%">1
</td></tr></table>
</div>
</div>
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<div style="clear:both; font-size:12pt; height:0pt">
</div>
<hr style="margin-bottom:0pt">
<div style="page-break-before:always; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:12pt"><p style="margin:0pt">&#xa0;</p></div>
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:18pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:21pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Letter to Shareholders &#xa0;<font style="font-size:11pt; line-height:14pt">(unaudited)&#xa0;&#xa0;(continued)</font></div>
</div>
<div style="margin-top:8pt; width:100%">
<hr style="background-color:#000000; border-bottom:0pt; border-left:0pt; border-right:0pt; border-top:0.5pt solid #000000; height:0.5pt; width:100%; text-align: Left;">
</div>
<div style="margin-top:20.5pt; width:100%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:italic; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Fund Name Change and Changes to
Non-Fundamental Investment Policy</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">As previously announced, on
December 10, 2024, the Fund's Board approved a change in the name of the Fund, and corresponding changes to the Fund's investment policies, including its 80% investment policy, and benchmark, as set forth below, that
went effective February 24, 2025. There was no change to the Fund&#x2019;s investment objective and the Fund continued to trade on the NYSE American under ticker symbol &#x201c;AEF&#x201d;.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">In approving the strategy and
name change, the Board considered, among other factors, that as the only U.S. closed-end fund currently offering the emerging market ex-China strategy, the Fund will be less driven by the policy actions of the
Government of China, and more driven by stock fundamentals, which aligns with Management&#x2019;s style of bottom-up investing. The Fund remained a non-diversified, closed-end management investment company whose
objective is to provide both current income and long-term appreciation. In connection with these changes, the Fund transitioned its portfolio consistent with its change to an emerging market ex-China strategy, which
included the sale of China securities held by the Fund. Realized capital gains generated from these sales were offset by the Fund's capital loss&#xa0;carryforward.</div>
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; border-collapse:collapse; border-left:0.5pt solid #000000; border-right:0.5pt solid #000000; border-top:0.5pt solid #000000; empty-cells:show; margin-top:6pt; width:99.07%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; border-right:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:9pt; padding-bottom:2.5pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:6pt; text-align:center; vertical-align:bottom; width:32.59%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; border-right:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12pt; padding-bottom:2.5pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:6pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:33.33%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Previous
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12pt; padding-bottom:2.5pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:6pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:33.33%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">New
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; border-right:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:32.59%">Fund Name
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; border-right:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:33.33%">abrdn Emerging Markets Equity Income Fund, Inc.
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:33.33%">abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc.
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; border-right:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:32.59%">80% Investment Policy
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; border-right:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:33.33%">The Fund invests at least 80% of its net assets (plus any borrowings for investment purposes) in emerging
markets equity securities.
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:33.33%">Under normal circumstances, the Fund invests at least 80% of its net assets (plus any borrowings for investment purposes) in emerging markets
(excluding China) equity securities.
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; border-right:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:2pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:32.59%">Benchmark
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; border-right:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:2pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:33.33%">MSCI Emerging Markets Index (Net Daily Total Return)
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:2pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:33.33%">MSCI Emerging Markets ex-China Index (Net Daily Total Return)
</td></tr></table>
</div>
</div>
<div style="margin-top:11.5pt">
<div style="float:left; overflow:hidden; position:relative; width:47.96%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:11pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:14pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Tender Offer</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The Fund announced on January
21, 2025, the commencement of a cash tender offer to purchase up to 10,150,355 shares, representing approximately 20% of the Fund's outstanding shares, at a price per share equal to 98% of the Fund's NAV per share as
determined by the Fund on the next business day immediately following the day the tender expires. The offer commenced at 12:01 am, January 21, 2025, and expired at 5:00 p.m. New York City time on February 20, 2025. In
connection with the tender offer, the Fund purchased 10,150,355 shares for cash payment stock at a price equal to $6.07 per share. The tender offer was oversubscribed and all tenders of shares were subject to pro
ration (at a ratio of approximately 0.27624999) in accordance with the terms of the tender offer.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:11pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:14pt; margin-top:5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Update to the Fund&#x2019;s
Conditional Tender Offer Policy</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">As part of the Board&#x2019;s
commitment to shareholders relating to the investment strategy changes, the Board has adopted a policy (the &#x201c;Policy&#x201d;) pursuant to which it will cause the Fund to conduct a one-time tender offer for twenty
percent (20%) of its then issued and outstanding shares of common stock on or before June 30, 2028, if the Fund&#x2019;s total return investment performance measured on a NAV basis does not equal or exceed the total
return investment performance of the MSCI Emerging Markets ex-China Index (Net Daily Total Return) during the period that commenced on March 1, 2025 and ends on February 28, 2028. The price at which shares are to be
tendered and other terms and conditions of such tender offer would be determined by the Board in its discretion based on its review and consideration of the then-current size of the Fund, market</div>
</div>
<div style="float:right; overflow:hidden; position:relative; width:47.96%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">conditions and other factors it deems
relevant. For the period March 1, 2025 through December 31, 2025 the Fund's total return investment performance on NAV was 43.04% and the total return of the MSCI Emerging Markets ex-China Index (Net Daily Total
Return) was 37.02%.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:11pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:14pt; margin-top:5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Managed Distribution Policy</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The Fund has a managed
distribution policy of paying quarterly distributions at an annual rate, set once a year, that is a percentage of the average daily NAV for the previous three months as of the month-end prior to declaration. As part
of the strategic changes, the Board approved an increase to its annualized distribution rate from 6.5% to 10%, commencing with the quarterly distribution paid in March 2025. This policy will be subject to regular
review by the Board. The policy is expected to provide a steady and sustainable quarterly cash distribution to Fund shareholders that may help reduce any discount to NAV at which the Fund&#x2019;s shares trade. There
is no assurance that the Fund will achieve these results. The distributions will be made from current income, supplemented by realized capital gains and, to the extent necessary, paid-in capital, which is a nontaxable
return of capital.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:11pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:14pt; margin-top:5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Credit Facility</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">On June 15, 2025, the Fund
renewed its 364-day revolving credit facility for a 1-year period with Bank of Nova Scotia Financing (USA) LLC with a committed facility of $40,000,000. The outstanding balance on the loan as of December 31, 2025 was
$27,000,000. Under the terms of the loan facility and applicable regulations, the Fund is</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="clear:both">&#xa0;
<div style="clear:both; padding-top:9.5pt; width:100%">
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<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:18pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:21pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Letter to Shareholders &#xa0;<font style="font-size:11pt; line-height:14pt">(unaudited)&#xa0;&#xa0;(concluded)</font></div>
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<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">required to maintain certain asset coverage
ratios for the amount of its outstanding borrowings. The Board regularly reviews the use of leverage by the Fund.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:11pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:14pt; margin-top:5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Unclaimed Share Accounts</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Please be advised that
abandoned or unclaimed property laws for certain states require financial organizations to transfer (escheat) unclaimed property (including Fund shares) to the state. Each state has its own definition of unclaimed
property, and Fund shares could be considered &#x201c;unclaimed property&#x201d; due to account inactivity (e.g., no owner-generated activity for a certain period), returned mail (e.g., when mail sent to
a&#xa0;shareholder&#xa0; is returned to the Fund's transfer agent as undeliverable), or a combination of both. If your Fund shares are categorized as unclaimed, your financial advisor or the Fund's transfer agent will
follow the applicable state&#x2019;s statutory requirements to contact you, but if unsuccessful, laws may require that the shares be escheated to the appropriate state. If this happens, you will have to contact the
state to recover your property, which may involve time and expense. For more information on unclaimed property and how to maintain an active account, please contact your financial adviser or the Fund's transfer
agent.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:11pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:14pt; margin-top:5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Open Market Repurchase Program</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The Board approved an open
market repurchase and discount management policy (the &#x201c;Program&#x201d;). The Program allows the Fund to purchase, in the open market, its outstanding common shares, with the amount and timing of any repurchase
determined at the discretion of the Fund's investment adviser. Such purchases may be made opportunistically at certain discounts to NAV per share in the reasonable judgment of management based on historical discount
levels and current market conditions. If shares are repurchased, the Fund&#xa0;reports repurchase activity on its website on a monthly basis. For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025, the Fund did not repurchase
any shares through the Program.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">On a quarterly basis, the
Board will receive information on any transactions made pursuant to this policy during the prior quarter. Under the terms of the Program, the Fund is permitted to repurchase up to 10% of its outstanding shares of
common stock in the open market as of a date determined by the Board.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:11pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:14pt; margin-top:5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Portfolio Holdings Disclosure</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The Fund's complete schedule
of portfolio holdings for the second and fourth quarters of each fiscal year are included in the Fund's semi-annual and annual reports to shareholders. The Fund files its complete schedule of portfolio holdings with
the Securities and Exchange Commission (the &#x201c;SEC&#x201d;) for the first and third quarters of each fiscal year as an exhibit to its reports on Form N-PORT. These reports are available on the SEC&#x2019;s website
at http://www.sec.gov. The Fund makes the information available to shareholders upon request</div>
</div>
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<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">and without charge by calling Investor
Relations toll-free at 1-800-522-5465.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:11pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:14pt; margin-top:5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Proxy Voting</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">A description of the policies
and procedures that the Fund uses to determine how to vote proxies relating to portfolio securities and information regarding how the Fund voted proxies relating to portfolio securities during the most recent 12-month
period ended June 30 is available by August 31 of the relevant year: (1) upon request without charge by calling Investor Relations toll-free at 1-800-522-5465; and (2) on the SEC&#x2019;s website
at&#xa0;www.sec.gov.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:11pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:14pt; margin-top:5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Investor Relations Information</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">As part of Aberdeen's
commitment to shareholders, we invite you to visit the Fund on the web at www.aberdeenaef.com. Here, you can view monthly fact sheets, quarterly commentary, distribution and performance information, as well as other
Fund literature. Enroll in Aberdeen's email services to receive content related to your fund. In addition, you will receive monthly factsheets based on your preferences. Sign up today at www.aberdeenaef.com.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Contact Us:</div>
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<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:5.81%">&#x2022;
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:94.19%">Visit: www.aberdeenaef.com
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<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:2pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:5.81%">&#x2022;
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:94.19%">Email: Investor.Relations@aberdeenplc.com; or
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<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:1pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:5.81%">&#x2022;
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:94.19%">Call: 1-800-522-5465 (toll free in the U.S.).
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<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Yours sincerely,</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">/s/ Alan Goodson<br>
<font style="font-weight:bold">Alan Goodson<br>
</font>President&#xa0;</div>
</div>
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<div style="clear:both; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:10pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">{foots1}</div>
<div style="clear:both; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:17pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">All amounts are U.S.
Dollars unless otherwise stated.</div>
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</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:10pt; padding-left:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:13.51%">3
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<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:18pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:21pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Report of the Investment Adviser &#xa0;<font style="font-size:11pt; line-height:14pt">(unaudited)&#xa0;</font></div>
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<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:11pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:14pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Performance Review</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">For the fiscal year ended
December 31, 2025, the abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund returned 42.08%<sup style="font-size:85%; font-style:Normal; text-transform:none">1</sup> on a net asset value (NAV) basis. In comparison, its benchmark, which changed from the MSCI Emerging Markets Index to the Morgan Stanley Capital
International (MSCI) Emerging Markets ex China Index as of February 24, 2025, returned 34.61%<sup style="font-size:85%; font-style:Normal; text-transform:none">2</sup> as the portfolio transitioned from an emerging markets equity income fund to an emerging markets ex-China fund in February. On a market-price basis
for the same period, the Fund returned 49.69%.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:11pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:14pt; margin-top:5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Market Review</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Emerging markets excluding
Chinese equities, as measured by the MSCI Emerging Markets ex China Index,<sup style="font-size:85%; font-style:Normal; text-transform:none">3</sup> ended 2025 with robust gains, and outperformed developed markets, as represented by the MSCI World Index.<sup style="font-size:85%; font-style:Normal; text-transform:none">4</sup> The U.S. Administration&#x2019;s announcement and subsequent reversal of trade tariffs, sparked global market volatility and kept investors somewhat
on edge throughout the period. Policy uncertainty, alongside some concerns about U.S. government fiscal discipline, contributed to weakness in the U.S. dollar, which supported emerging market performance. The U.S.
Federal Reserve&#x2019;s interest rate cuts later in the year also provided additional support for emerging markets.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Separately, early in 2025,
China&#x2019;s artificial intelligence (AI) breakthrough with the launch of DeepSeek&#x2019;s AI model prompted a global technology sell-off, with investors concerned about its effectiveness at a lower cost compared to
U.S. competitors. However, confidence in technology stocks soon rebounded. While elevated valuations later fueled fears of a market bubble and led to some bouts of volatility, the technology-heavy markets of South
Korea and Taiwan emerged as top performers among major emerging markets. In comparison, India&#x2019;s underperformance reflected limited AI exposure and a lackluster economy. Meanwhile, commodities saw strong demand
as hedges against policy risk and for industrial use, which benefited markets highly tied to natural resources such as those in Latin America and the Middle East.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:11pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:14pt; margin-top:5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Portfolio Review</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The AI-driven technology
rally boosted the Fund&#x2019;s technology holdings in Taiwan, which remained positioned at the epicenter of the U.S. AI infrastructure buildout. Standout performers included Chroma</div>
</div>
<div style="float:right; overflow:hidden; position:relative; width:46.98%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">ATE, a leading supplier of testing equipment
for the electronics and semiconductor industries; Delta Electronics, a power and thermal management solutions provider; and index heavyweight Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, the world&#x2019;s leading
semiconductor foundry. Another semiconductor manufacturer, ASE Technology, which we introduced during the year, was also additive as it benefited from the wider rally in the sector. The Fund maintained diversified
exposure across the AI supply chain, spanning semiconductor manufacturing, design, and data center-orientated names.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Similarly, South Korean
holdings benefited from the AI boom, as well as the government&#x2019;s &#x2018;Corporate Value-up&#x2019; initiative aimed at improving shareholder returns. Memory chip producer SK Hynix outperformed, alongside the new
position in power equipment maker HD Hyundai Electric. Positions in companies tied to the &#x2018;Value-up&#x2019; initiative, such as HD Korea Shipbuilding &amp; Offshore Engineering and Samsung C&amp;T, also delivered
solid gains.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Copper miner Grupo Mexico
rallied on rising copper demand, driven by electrification and data center growth. The company owns some of the best copper mining assets globally, mainly through its controlling stake in Southern Copper, the
lowest-cost copper producer in the world with over 50 years of reserves and positive growth opportunities. In the longer term, we believe copper is set to be one of the main beneficiaries of electrification, while
supply will likely be limited.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">On the other hand, FPT Corp
was the biggest detractor from relative performance. The Vietnamese information technology services provider came under pressure as its revenue growth slowed amid more conservative spending by key clients due to
market uncertainties. FPT is facing a shifting market structure as AI dampens demands for conventional IT services globally. However, the company has a track record of consistent growth, adaptability, and strong
execution, which leads us to maintain conviction in its potential to become a winner in the long run amid these changes. Furthermore, FPT is supported by diversified business lines and domestic demand. Also working
against the portfolio was a former investment in Argentina-based technology solutions company Globant, which fell due to expectations of softening demand in its core U.S. market. We</div>
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<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:11pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:2.20%">1
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:italic; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:2pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:97.80%">Past performance is no guarantee of future results. Investment returns and principal value will fluctuate and shares, when sold, may be worth more or less than the original cost. Current performance may be lower or
higher than the performance quoted. Net asset value return data include investment management fees, custodial charges and administrative fees (such as Director and legal fees) and assumes the reinvestment of all
distributions.
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<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:57pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:2.20%">2
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12pt; padding-left:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:97.80%">Source: Aberdeen, as of December 31, 2025.
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<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:69pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:2.20%">3
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12pt; padding-left:2pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:97.80%">The MSCI Emerging Markets ex China Index is an unmanaged index considered representative of stocks of developing countries excluding China. Indexes are unmanaged and have been provided for comparison purposes only.
No fees or expenses are reflected. You cannot invest directly in an index.
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<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:103pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:2.20%">4
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12pt; padding-left:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:97.80%">The MSCI World Index is an unmanaged index considered representative of stocks of developed countries.
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<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:18pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:21pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Report of the Investment Adviser &#xa0;<font style="font-size:11pt; line-height:14pt">(unaudited)&#xa0;&#xa0;(concluded)</font></div>
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<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">exited Globant during the review period due to
our waning conviction in the stock.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Other notable stock laggards
included Kaspi.kz and InPost. Kazakh application ecosystem Kaspi.kz declined on the back of macroeconomic uncertainty and regulatory changes. After having been a strong positive contributor to performance over the
long term since its addition in 2021, Kaspi.kz struggled in 2025 as many investors lost conviction in its strategy to maintain growth and the potential ROI (return on investment) from its acquisition of a Turkish
e-commerce platform. However, we believe that much of the headwinds of 2025 have now been priced in. Looking forward, we believe Kaspi.kz offers quality exposure to the continuing healthy growth in consumption in
Kazakhstan and there is scope for the company to win market share in Turkey by utilizing its proven expertise in what is a much less developed e-commerce environment. Meanwhile, Netherlands-listed Polish logistics
company InPost was weighed down by growing signs that its key customer, Allegro, would be able to operate without it in Poland. We believe that the market remains overly focused on the risks relating to a declining
relationship with Allegro, and we retain our conviction in the holding as we think that InPost is proactively diversifying its customer base as it focuses on becoming a key pan-European logistics supplier.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">In India, several holdings
faced difficulties as U.S. tariffs compounded concerns about slowing growth, soft earnings, and stretched valuations. Hospitality company Indian Hotels, real estate developer Godrej Properties and conglomerate ITC
were among the key underperformers. The Reserve Bank of India has started its rate-cutting cycle and injected liquidity into the market, and we expect India to continue generating comfortable double-digit earnings
growth ahead, which is why we retain our conviction in these holdings.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Not holding South African
gold miners, which were supported by higher gold prices over the 12 months, further held back relative gains. The quarterly distribution reflects the Fund&#x2019;s current policy to provide shareholders with a steady
and sustainable cash distribution. This policy did not have a significant impact on the Fund&#x2019;s investment strategy over the reporting period. During the 12-month period ended December 31, 2025, the distributions
comprised dividend income and a return of capital. The Fund issued distributions totaling $0.65 per share for the 12-month period ended December 31, 2025.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:11pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:14pt; margin-top:5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Outlook</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Markets remain centered on
hopes for the future of AI. This is despite continuing geopolitical risks linked to US foreign policy, as well as</div>
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<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">concerns about declining fiscal discipline in
the U.S. and other developed markets.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">AI delivery has become a
critical component of the U.S. economy, with the theme broadening out on both sides of the Pacific. Technology stocks in South Korea and Taiwan have strongly benefited from this trend, and a wider array of names that
stand to gain from the massive sums of capital expenditure have also rallied.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Overall, recent U.S. tariff
measures suggest a continued policy focus on reshoring manufacturing and raising government revenue. Market consensus continues to see a move towards a breakdown in U.S.-China trade, though the pace and extent of
decoupling remain a key uncertainty. We believe China will continue to use its leverage to arrive at some accord, which should help many of the country&#x2019;s key trading partners within emerging markets. The U.S.
Administration has also extended tariff pressure to countries such as India and Brazil, but we expect an agreement to reduce tariffs will be reached. However, the timing is hard to predict.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">We remain constructive on the
outlook for emerging markets, supported by a weaker U.S. dollar, lower rates, and broader capital expenditure themes such as AI, electrification, and changing supply chains. Although emerging markets have re-rated
alongside global peers, their valuations remain relatively attractive in our view. That said, we are mindful of a potential emerging AI bubble and broader risks. Our focus on quality remains key.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:11pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:14pt; margin-top:5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Risk Considerations</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Past performance is not an
indication of future results.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Foreign securities are more
volatile, harder to price and less liquid than U.S. securities. They are subject to different accounting and regulatory standards, and political and economic risks. These risks are enhanced in emerging markets
countries. Equity stocks of small and mid-cap companies carry greater risk and more volatility than equity stocks of larger, more established companies. Dividends are not guaranteed and a company&#x2019;s future
ability to pay dividends may be limited. The use of leverage will also increase market exposure and magnify risk.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; font-weight:bold; line-height:14pt; margin-top:5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">abrdn Investments Limited<font style="font-style:Normal">&#xa0;</font></div>
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<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:18pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:21pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Total Investment Return &#xa0;<font style="font-size:11pt; line-height:14pt">(unaudited)&#xa0;</font></div>
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<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The following table summarizes
the average annual Fund performance compared to the Fund&#x2019;s primary benchmark and Custom Index (as defined below)&#xa0;for the 1-year, 3-year, 5-year and 10-year periods ended December 31, 2025.</div>
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<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; line-height:9.5pt; padding-bottom:3.5pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:5pt; text-align:left; vertical-align:bottom; width:59.49%; background-color: #D9D9D9;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3.5pt; padding-left:12pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:10.15%; background-color: #D9D9D9;">1 Year
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3.5pt; padding-left:12pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:10.07%; background-color: #D9D9D9;">3 Years
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3.5pt; padding-left:12pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:9.72%; background-color: #D9D9D9;">5 Years
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3.5pt; padding-left:12pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:10.58%; background-color: #D9D9D9;">10 Years
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:2.12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:59.49%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Net Asset Value (NAV)
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1pt; padding-left:12.45pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:2.12pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.15%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">42.08%
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1pt; padding-left:13.12pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:2.12pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.07%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">19.38%
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1pt; padding-left:12.21pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:2.12pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.72%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">3.73%
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1pt; padding-left:16.12pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:2.12pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.58%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">9.80%
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<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:59.49%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Market Price
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1pt; padding-left:12.23pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.15%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">49.69%
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1pt; padding-left:12pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.07%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">20.54%
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1pt; padding-left:12.01pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.72%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">4.91%
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1pt; padding-left:12pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.58%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">10.08%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:59.49%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">MSCI Emerging Markets ex China Index (Net Daily Total Return)
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1pt; padding-left:12.25pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.15%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">34.61%
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1pt; padding-left:12.93pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.07%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">18.72%
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1pt; padding-left:12pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.72%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">8.25%
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1pt; padding-left:16.12pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.58%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">9.90%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:59.49%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">MSCI Emerging Markets Index (Net Daily Total Return)
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1pt; padding-left:12.45pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.15%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">33.57%
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1pt; padding-left:13.07pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.07%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">16.40%
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1pt; padding-left:12.01pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.72%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">4.20%
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1pt; padding-left:15.93pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.58%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">8.42%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:4.5pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:59.49%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Custom AEF Index<sup style="font-size:85%; font-style:Normal; text-transform:none">1</sup>
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:4.5pt; padding-left:12pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.15%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">40.17%
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:4.5pt; padding-left:12.93pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.07%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">18.29%
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:4.5pt; padding-left:12.40pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.72%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">5.21%
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:4.5pt; padding-left:12pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.58%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">10.37%
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<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:13pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Performance of a $10,000
Investment<font style="font-weight:Normal"> (as of December 31, 2025)</font></div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:7pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">This graph shows the change in
value of a hypothetical investment of $10,000 in the Fund for the periods indicated. For comparison, the same investment is shown in the indicated&#xa0;index.</div>
<div style="margin-left:26.48%; margin-top:5pt; text-align:Center; width:47.22%">
<img src="tm262592d1sari003.jpg" alt=" ">
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<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:italic; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:12pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">abrdn Emerging Markets
ex-China Fund Inc. (formerly, the abrdn Emerging Markets Equity Income Fund, Inc.) changed its 80% investment policy and benchmark to the MSCI Emerging Markets ex-China Index (Net Daily Total Return) effective
February 24, 2025. Performance information for periods prior to February 24, 2025 does not reflect the current 80% investment policy and benchmark.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:italic; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">All performance information
for the periods prior to April 30, 2018 are for the Aberdeen Latin American Equity Fund, Inc. (&#x201c;LAQ&#x201d;), the performance and accounting survivor of the reorganizations of seven closed-end funds into the
Fund. Performance information for periods prior to April 30, 2018 do not reflect the Fund&#x2019;s current investment strategy. Returns prior to April 30, 2018 reflect the impact of any contractual waivers in effect
for LAQ, without which performance would be lower. Effective April 30, 2018, abrdn Investments Limited (the "Investment Adviser" or the "Adviser"), the Fund&#x2019;s Adviser, entered into an expense limitation
agreement with the Fund that is effective through June 30, 2026. Without such waivers and limitation agreements, performance would be lower.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:italic; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">abrdn Inc. has entered into
an agreement with the Fund to limit investor relations services fees, without which performance would be lower if the Fund&#x2019;s investor services fees exceeded such limit during the relevant period. This agreement
aligns with the term of the advisory agreement and may not be terminated prior to the end of the current term of the advisory agreement. See Note 3 in the Notes to Financial Statements.</div>
</div>
<div style="margin-top:24.5pt; width:92.99%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12pt; margin-top:42pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">{foots1}</div>
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:11pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:2.22%"><sup style="font-size:85%; font-style:Normal; text-transform:none">1</sup>
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:2pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:97.78%">The Custom Index reflects the returns of the MSCI Emerging Markets ex China Index (Net Daily Total Return) from February 24, 2025, the MSCI Emerging Markets Index (Net Daily Total Return) from April 30,
2018 to February 23, 2025, and the MSCI Emerging Markets Latin America Index (Net Daily Total Return) for periods prior to April 30, 2018. The indices and time periods for the Custom Index align with the strategies
utilized and benchmark for the Fund during the same time periods.
</td></tr></table>
</div>
</div>
<div style="margin-top:10.5pt; width:100%">
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:0pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:10pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:3.08%">6
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:10pt; padding-left:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:97.46%">abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc.
</td></tr></table>
</div>
</div>
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</div>
<hr style="margin-bottom:0pt">
<div style="page-break-before:always; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:12pt"><p style="margin:0pt">&#xa0;</p></div>
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:18pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:21pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Total Investment Return &#xa0;<font style="font-size:11pt; line-height:14pt">(unaudited)&#xa0;&#xa0;(concluded)</font></div>
</div>
<div style="margin-top:6pt; width:100%">
<hr style="background-color:#000000; border-bottom:0pt; border-left:0pt; border-right:0pt; border-top:0.5pt solid #000000; height:0.5pt; width:100%; text-align: Left;">
</div>
<div style="margin-top:33.5pt; width:92.99%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:italic; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Returns represent past
performance. Total investment return at NAV is based on changes in the NAV of Fund shares and assumes reinvestment of dividends and distributions, if any, at market prices pursuant to the dividend reinvestment program
sponsored by the Fund&#x2019;s transfer agent. All return data at NAV includes fees charged to the Fund, which are listed in the Fund&#x2019;s Statement of Operations under &#x201c;Expenses.&#x201d; Total investment
return at market value is based on changes in the market price at which the Fund&#x2019;s shares traded on the New York Stock Exchange ("NYSE") American during the period and assumes reinvestment of dividends and
distributions, if any, at market prices pursuant to the dividend reinvestment program sponsored by the Fund&#x2019;s transfer agent. The Fund&#x2019;s total investment return is based on the reported NAV during the
fiscal year ended December 31, 2025. Because the Fund&#x2019;s shares trade in the stock market based on investor demand, the Fund may trade at a price higher or lower than its NAV. Therefore, returns are calculated
based on both market price and NAV. <font style="font-weight:bold">Past performance is no guarantee of future results. </font>The performance information provided does not reflect the deduction of taxes that a shareholder would pay on&#xa0; distributions
received from the Fund or the sale of Fund shares. The current performance of the Fund may be lower or higher than the figures shown. The Fund&#x2019;s yield, return, market price and NAV will fluctuate. Performance
information current to the most recent month-end is available at https://www.aberdeeninvestments.com/en-us/investor/investment-solutions/closed-end-funds or by calling 800-522-5465.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:italic; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The gross operating expense
ratio excluding fee waivers based on the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025 was 1.99%. The net operating expense ratio net of fee waivers based on the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025 was 1.86%. The total expense
ratio net of fee waivers and excluding taxes and interest and revolving credit facility expenses based on the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025 was 1.20%.&#xa0;</div>
</div>
<div style="margin-top:460pt; width:100%">
<div style="text-align:right">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-left:auto; margin-top:0pt; width:26.81%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:10pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:100%">abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc.
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:10pt; padding-left:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:13.51%">7
</td></tr></table>
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</div>
<hr style="margin-bottom:0pt">
<div style="page-break-before:always; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:12pt"><p style="margin:0pt">&#xa0;</p></div>
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:18pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:21pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Portfolio Summary &#xa0;<font style="font-size:11pt; line-height:14pt"> (as a percentage of net assets) (unaudited)&#xa0;</font></div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:11pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:14pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">As of December 31, 2025</div>
</div>
<div style="width:100%">
<hr style="background-color:#000000; border-bottom:0pt; border-left:0pt; border-right:0pt; border-top:0.5pt solid #000000; height:0.5pt; width:100%; text-align: Left;">
</div>
<div style="margin-top:20.5pt; width:100%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The following table
summarizes the sector composition of the Fund&#x2019;s portfolio, in S&amp;P Global Inc.&#x2019;s Global Industry Classification Standard (&#x201c;GICS&#x201d;). The Fund may invest in securities of any market sector and
may hold a significant amount of securities of companies, from time to time, within a single sector. The Fund will not invest 25% or more of its total assets in the securities of companies in the same industry. In the
chart below, if the sector represents more than 25% of the Fund's portfolio, the industry information has been&#xa0;presented.</div>
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:6pt; width:99.81%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:91.18%; background-color: #D9D9D9;">Sectors
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:5pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:6.96%; background-color: #D9D9D9;">&#xa0;
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:91.18%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Information Technology
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:10.52pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:6.96%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">43.1%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:italic; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:15.5pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:91.18%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Semiconductors &amp; Semiconductor Equipment
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:italic; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:8.14pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:6.96%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">25.8%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:italic; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:15.5pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:91.18%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Technology Hardware, Storage &amp; Peripherals
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:italic; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:14.17pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:6.96%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">7.4%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:italic; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:15.5pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:91.18%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Electronic Equipment, Instruments &amp; Components
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:italic; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:13.39pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:6.96%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">5.0%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:italic; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:15.5pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:91.18%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">IT Services
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:italic; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:13.39pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:6.96%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">3.2%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:italic; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:15.5pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:91.18%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Communications Equipment
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:italic; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:14.94pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:6.96%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">1.7%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:91.18%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Financials
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:9.58pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:6.96%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">25.7%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:italic; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:15.5pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:91.18%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Banks
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:italic; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:9.06pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:6.96%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">19.2%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:italic; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:15.5pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:91.18%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Consumer Finance
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:italic; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:13.39pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:6.96%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">3.2%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:italic; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:15.5pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:91.18%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Insurance
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:italic; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:13.92pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:6.96%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">2.7%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:italic; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:15.5pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:91.18%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Capital Markets
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:italic; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:12.97pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:6.96%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">0.6%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:91.18%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Industrials
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:10.76pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:6.96%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">11.6%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:91.18%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Consumer Discretionary
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:13.34pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:6.96%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">6.8%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:91.18%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Materials
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:15.64pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:6.96%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">6.1%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:91.18%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Consumer Staples
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:13.63pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:6.96%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">4.2%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:91.18%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Communication Services
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:13.82pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:6.96%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">3.5%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:91.18%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Real Estate
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:13.43pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:6.96%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">3.4%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:91.18%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Energy
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:13.62pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:6.96%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">2.8%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:91.18%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Health Care
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:13.63pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:6.96%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">2.4%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:91.18%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Utilities
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:14.52pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:6.96%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">1.8%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:91.18%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Private Equity<sup style="font-size:85%; font-style:Normal; text-transform:none">&#xa0;</sup>
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:22.29pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:6.96%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">-%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:91.18%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Short-Term Investment
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:13.18pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:6.96%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">0.4%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:91.18%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Liabilities in Excess of Other Assets
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:4.68pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:6.96%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">(11.8%)
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:3.5pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; vertical-align:bottom; width:91.18%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3.5pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:6.96%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">100.0%
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:18pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The
following&#xa0;table&#xa0;summarizes the composition of the Fund&#x2019;s portfolio by geographic classification.</div>
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:6pt; width:99.81%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:91.18%; background-color: #D9D9D9;">Countries
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:5pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:6.96%; background-color: #D9D9D9;">&#xa0;
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:91.18%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Taiwan
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:10.91pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:6.96%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">29.1%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:91.18%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">India
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:9.15pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:6.96%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">24.2%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:91.18%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">South Korea
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:8.78pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:6.96%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">20.5%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:91.18%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Brazil
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:13.42pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:6.96%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">8.3%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:91.18%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Mexico
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:14.36pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:6.96%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">5.7%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:91.18%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Saudi Arabia
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:13.42pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:6.96%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">3.8%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:91.18%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">United Arab Emirates
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:14.18pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:6.96%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">3.7%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:91.18%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Indonesia
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:13.55pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:6.96%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">3.6%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:91.18%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Kazakhstan
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:13.82pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:6.96%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">2.9%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:91.18%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">South Africa
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:13.63pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:6.96%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">2.4%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:91.18%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Other, less than 2% each
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:15.43pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:6.96%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">7.2%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:91.18%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Short-Term Investment
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:13.18pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:6.96%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">0.4%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:91.18%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Liabilities in Excess of Other Assets
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:4.68pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:6.96%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">(11.8%)
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:3.5pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; vertical-align:bottom; width:91.18%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3.5pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:6.96%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">100.0%
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0;</div>
</div>
<div style="margin-top:103pt; width:100%">
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:0pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:10pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:3.15%">8
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:10pt; padding-left:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:97.41%">abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc.
</td></tr></table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="clear:both; font-size:12pt; height:0pt">
</div>
<hr style="margin-bottom:0pt">
<div style="page-break-before:always; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:12pt"><p style="margin:0pt">&#xa0;</p></div>
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:18pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:21pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Portfolio Summary &#xa0;<font style="font-size:11pt; line-height:14pt"> (as a percentage of net assets) (unaudited)&#xa0;&#xa0;(concluded)</font></div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:11pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:14pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">As of December 31, 2025</div>
</div>
<div style="width:100%">
<hr style="background-color:#000000; border-bottom:0pt; border-left:0pt; border-right:0pt; border-top:0.5pt solid #000000; height:0.5pt; width:100%; text-align: Left;">
</div>
<div style="margin-top:14.5pt; width:100%">
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:0pt; width:99.81%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:91.18%; background-color: #D9D9D9;">Currency Composition
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:5pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:6.96%; background-color: #D9D9D9;">&#xa0;
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:91.18%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">New Taiwan Dollar
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:10.91pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:6.96%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">29.1%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:91.18%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Indian Rupee
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:9.15pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:6.96%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">24.2%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:91.18%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">South Korean Won
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:8.78pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:6.96%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">20.5%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:91.18%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">U.S. Dollar
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:13.17pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:6.96%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">8.0%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:91.18%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Brazilian Real
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:15.90pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:6.96%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">5.1%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:91.18%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Mexican Peso
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:13.63pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:6.96%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">4.2%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:91.18%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Saudi Arabia Riyal
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:13.42pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:6.96%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">3.8%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:91.18%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">United Arab Emirates Dirham
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:14.18pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:6.96%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">3.7%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:91.18%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Indonesian Rupiah
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:13.55pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:6.96%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">3.6%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:91.18%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">South African Rand
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:13.63pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:6.96%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">2.4%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:91.18%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Euro Currency
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:14.04pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:6.96%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">2.2%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:91.18%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Viet Nam Dong
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:15.28pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:6.96%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">1.7%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:91.18%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">British Pound Sterling
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:16.82pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:6.96%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">1.1%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:91.18%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Polish Zloty
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:13.17pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:6.96%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">0.8%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:91.18%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Canadian Dollar
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:13.30pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:6.96%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">0.6%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:91.18%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Turkish Lira
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:13.18pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:6.96%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">0.4%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:91.18%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Russian Ruble&#xa0;
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:30.14pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:6.96%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">-
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:91.18%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Short-Term Investment
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:13.18pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:6.96%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">0.4%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:91.18%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Liabilities in Excess of Other Assets
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:4.68pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:6.96%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">(11.8%)
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:3.5pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; vertical-align:bottom; width:91.18%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3.5pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:6.96%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">100.0%
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:18pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The following were the
Fund&#x2019;s top ten holdings as of December 31, 2025:</div>
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:6pt; width:99.81%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:92.19%; background-color: #D9D9D9;">Top Ten Holdings
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:5pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:5.95%; background-color: #D9D9D9;">&#xa0;
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:92.19%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co. Ltd.
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:5.95%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">18.6%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:92.19%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd.
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:9.57pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:5.95%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">7.4%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:92.19%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">SK Hynix, Inc.
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:7.90pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:5.95%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">4.6%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:92.19%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">HDFC Bank Ltd.
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:7.98pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:5.95%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">4.3%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:92.19%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Grupo Mexico SAB de CV , Series B
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:8.18pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:5.95%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">3.3%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:92.19%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Delta Electronics, Inc.
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:8.57pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:5.95%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">2.5%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:92.19%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Chroma ATE, Inc.
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:8.57pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:5.95%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">2.5%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:92.19%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Al Rajhi Bank
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:8.18pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:5.95%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">2.4%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:92.19%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">NU Holdings Ltd., Class A
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:8.39pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:5.95%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">2.3%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3.5pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:92.19%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Bank Negara Indonesia Persero Tbk. PT
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3.5pt; padding-left:8.14pt; padding-right:9pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:5.95%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">2.0%
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0;</div>
<div style="text-align:center">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto; margin-top:0pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:3pt; padding-top:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:0.89%">&#xa0;
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:3pt; padding-top:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:99.66%">Amounts listed as &#x201c;&#x2013;&#x201d; are 0% or round to 0%.
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">&#xa0;</div>
</div>
<div style="margin-top:241pt; width:100%">
<div style="text-align:right">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-left:auto; margin-top:0pt; width:27.41%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:10pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:100%">abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc.
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:10pt; padding-left:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:13.51%">9
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<div style="width:100%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:18pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:21pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Portfolio of Investments&#xa0;<font style="font-size:11pt; line-height:14pt">&#xa0;</font></div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:11pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:14pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">As of December 31, 2025</div>
<hr style="background-color:#000000; border-bottom:0pt; border-left:0pt; border-right:0pt; border-top:0.5pt solid #000000; height:0.5pt; width:100%; text-align: Left;">
</div>
<div style="margin-top:13.5pt; width:100%">
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:separate; empty-cells:show; margin-top:0pt; width:99.28%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; line-height:8pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:4pt; text-align:left; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #CCCCCC;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-top:4pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:8.34%; background-color: #CCCCCC;" colspan="2">Shares
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:4pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #CCCCCC;">Value
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-top:1pt SOLID #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:88.25%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="3">COMMON STOCKS&#x2014;102.4%
</td><td style="border-top:1pt SOLID #000000; line-height:8pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:center; vertical-align:bottom; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">AUSTRALIA&#x2014;1.1%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">Materials&#x2014;1.1%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Rio Tinto PLC
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:1.45pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2009;&#x2007;&#x2007;&#x2007;&#x2007;42,932
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$<font style="padding-left:0.52pt"></font>&#x2002;&#x2007;&#x2007;3,458,216
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-top:0.5pt SOLID #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">BRAZIL&#x2014;6.7%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">Consumer Discretionary&#x2014;0.9%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">MercadoLibre, Inc.<sup style="font-size:85%; font-style:Normal; text-transform:none">(a)</sup>
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:1.68pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2009;&#x2007;&#x2007;&#x2007;&#x2007;&#x2007;1,440
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:11.18pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2007;&#x2007;2,900,534
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-top:0.5pt SOLID #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.38pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">Consumer Staples&#x2014;1.2%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Raia Drogasil SA
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2009;&#x2007;&#x2007;&#x2007;883,008
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:12.57pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2007;&#x2007;3,766,018
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-top:0.5pt SOLID #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.38pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">Financials&#x2014;2.3%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">NU Holdings Ltd., Class A<sup style="font-size:85%; font-style:Normal; text-transform:none">(a)</sup>
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:1.84pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2009;&#x2007;&#x2007;&#x2007;424,275
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:14.08pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2007;&#x2007;7,102,364
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-top:0.5pt SOLID #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.38pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">Industrials&#x2014;0.9%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Localiza Rent a Car SA
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:2.04pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2009;&#x2007;&#x2007;&#x2007;357,049
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:11.60pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2007;&#x2007;2,825,882
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-top:0.5pt SOLID #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.38pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">Real Estate&#x2014;1.4%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Multiplan Empreendimentos Imobiliarios SA
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:0.97pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2009;&#x2007;&#x2007;&#x2007;865,505
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:13pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2007;&#x2007;4,297,695
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; border-top:0.5pt SOLID #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="2">Total Brazil
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; border-top:0.5pt SOLID #000000; line-height:8pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; vertical-align:bottom; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; border-top:0.5pt SOLID #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:8.76pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">20,892,493
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-top:1pt SOLID #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">CANADA&#x2014;0.6%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">Materials&#x2014;0.6%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Capstone Copper Corp.<sup style="font-size:85%; font-style:Normal; text-transform:none">(a)</sup>
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:18.16pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">199,177
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:20.77pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">1,999,679
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-top:0.5pt SOLID #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">GREECE&#x2014;1.5%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">Financials&#x2014;1.5%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">National Bank of Greece SA
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:15.87pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">301,796
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:20.80pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">4,603,129
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-top:0.5pt SOLID #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">INDIA&#x2014;24.2%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">Communication Services&#x2014;1.9%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Bharti Airtel Ltd.
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:15.12pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">248,652
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:21.78pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">5,840,112
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-top:0.5pt SOLID #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.38pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">Consumer Discretionary&#x2014;3.2%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Indian Hotels Co. Ltd.
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:14.40pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">528,884
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:20.09pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">4,344,921
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Mahindra &amp; Mahindra Ltd.
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:15.62pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">136,543
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:19.08pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">5,649,434
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; border-top:0.5pt SOLID #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; border-top:0.5pt SOLID #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; vertical-align:bottom; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; border-top:0.5pt SOLID #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:19.61pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">9,994,355
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-top:0.5pt SOLID #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.38pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">Consumer Staples&#x2014;1.8%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">ITC Ltd.
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:13.30pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">1,236,111
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:19.69pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">5,543,665
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-top:0.5pt SOLID #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.38pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">Financials&#x2014;9.0%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">360 ONE WAM Ltd.
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:16.53pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">146,591
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:21.94pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">1,941,341
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Cholamandalam Financial Holdings Ltd.
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:18.39pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">98,380
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:20.04pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">1,989,493
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Cholamandalam Investment &amp; Finance Co. Ltd.
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:15.36pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">276,903
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:20.35pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">5,245,730
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">HDFC Bank Ltd.
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:11.88pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">1,194,918
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:17.38pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">13,222,769
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">SBI Life Insurance Co. Ltd.<sup style="font-size:85%; font-style:Normal; text-transform:none">(b)</sup>
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:15.36pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">245,432
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:19.93pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">5,553,920
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; border-top:0.5pt SOLID #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; border-top:0.5pt SOLID #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; vertical-align:bottom; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; border-top:0.5pt SOLID #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:17.28pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">27,953,253
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-top:0.5pt SOLID #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.38pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">Health Care&#x2014;1.5%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">JB Chemicals &amp; Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:20.62pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">71,730
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:22.74pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">1,452,511
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Torrent Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:20.03pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">73,414
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:20.99pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">3,139,546
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-top:0.5pt SOLID #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-top:0.5pt SOLID #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; vertical-align:bottom; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-top:0.5pt SOLID #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:20.07pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">4,592,057
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-top:0.5pt SOLID #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.38pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">Industrials&#x2014;2.3%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Havells India Ltd.
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:19.87pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">92,419
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:21.45pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">1,461,563
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">KEI Industries Ltd.
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:19.46pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">32,953
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:19.86pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">1,633,884
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Larsen &amp; Toubro Ltd.
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:18.58pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">90,842
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:20.51pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">4,128,094
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; border-top:0.5pt SOLID #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; border-top:0.5pt SOLID #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; vertical-align:bottom; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; border-top:0.5pt SOLID #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:22.11pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">7,223,541
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-top:0.5pt SOLID #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.38pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">Information Technology&#x2014;1.5%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Tata Consultancy Services Ltd.
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:15.93pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">133,467
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:21.67pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">4,774,318
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-top:0.5pt SOLID #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.38pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">Materials&#x2014;1.1%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">UltraTech Cement Ltd.
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:18.95pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">24,906
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:20.89pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">3,270,281
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-top:0.5pt SOLID #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.38pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">Real Estate&#x2014;0.9%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Godrej Properties Ltd.<sup style="font-size:85%; font-style:Normal; text-transform:none">(a)</sup>
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:17.38pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">126,142
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:20.47pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">2,816,424
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-top:0.5pt SOLID #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.38pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">Utilities&#x2014;1.0%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">NTPC Ltd.
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:15.55pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">821,669
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:20.38pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">3,019,335
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:1pt Solid #000000; border-top:0.5pt SOLID #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:0.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="2">Total India
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt Solid #000000; border-top:0.5pt SOLID #000000; line-height:8pt; padding-bottom:0.25pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; vertical-align:bottom; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt Solid #000000; border-top:0.5pt SOLID #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:0.25pt; padding-left:11.64pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">75,027,341
</td></tr></table>
</div>
</div>
<div style="margin-top:16pt; width:100%">
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:0pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:10pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:3.08%">10
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:10pt; padding-left:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:97.46%">abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc.
</td></tr></table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="clear:both; font-size:12pt; height:0pt">
</div>
<hr style="margin-bottom:0pt">
<div style="page-break-before:always; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:12pt"><p style="margin:0pt">&#xa0;</p></div>
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:18pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:21pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Portfolio of Investments&#xa0;<font style="font-size:11pt; line-height:14pt">&#xa0;&#xa0;(continued)</font></div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:11pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:14pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">As of December 31, 2025</div>
<hr style="background-color:#000000; border-bottom:0pt; border-left:0pt; border-right:0pt; border-top:0.5pt solid #000000; height:0.5pt; width:100%; text-align: Left;">
</div>
<div style="margin-top:22.5pt; width:100%">
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:0pt; width:99.28%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; line-height:8pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:4pt; text-align:left; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #CCCCCC;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-top:4pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:8.34%; background-color: #CCCCCC;" colspan="2">Shares
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:4pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #CCCCCC;">Value
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:88.25%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="3">COMMON STOCKS (continued)
</td><td style="line-height:8pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:center; vertical-align:bottom; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">INDONESIA&#x2014;3.6%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">Communication Services&#x2014;1.6%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Telkom Indonesia Persero Tbk. PT
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:0.81pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2007;22,955,900
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$<font style="padding-left:0.66pt"></font>&#x2002;&#x2007;&#x2007;4,803,185
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.38pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">Financials&#x2014;2.0%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Bank Negara Indonesia Persero Tbk. PT
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:-0.01pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2007;23,884,500
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:11.37pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2007;&#x2007;6,240,095
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="2">Total Indonesia
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; line-height:8pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; vertical-align:bottom; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:10.30pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">11,043,280
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">KAZAKHSTAN&#x2014;2.9%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">Energy&#x2014;2.0%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">NAC Kazatomprom JSC, GDR<sup style="font-size:85%; font-style:Normal; text-transform:none">(b)</sup>
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:2.07pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2009;&#x2007;&#x2007;&#x2007;108,418
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:11.88pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2007;&#x2007;6,049,725
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.38pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">Financials&#x2014;0.9%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Kaspi.KZ JSC, GDR<sup style="font-size:85%; font-style:Normal; text-transform:none">(a)(b)</sup>
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:1.08pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2009;&#x2007;&#x2007;&#x2007;&#x2007;35,949
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:11.14pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2007;&#x2007;2,808,695
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="2">Total Kazakhstan
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; line-height:8pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; vertical-align:bottom; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:13.03pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">8,858,420
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">MEXICO&#x2014;5.7%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">Financials&#x2014;0.9%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Grupo Financiero Banorte SAB de CV, Class O
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:0.55pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2009;&#x2007;&#x2007;&#x2007;305,384
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:12.51pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2007;&#x2007;2,829,391
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.38pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">Industrials&#x2014;1.5%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Grupo Aeroportuario del Centro Norte SAB de CV, ADR
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:1.85pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2009;&#x2007;&#x2007;&#x2007;&#x2007;41,023
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:11.75pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2007;&#x2007;4,462,072
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.38pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">Materials&#x2014;3.3%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Grupo Mexico SAB de CV
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:8.94pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">1,090,038
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:16.28pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">10,302,622
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="2">Total Mexico
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; line-height:8pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; vertical-align:bottom; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:11.08pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">17,594,085
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">PERU&#x2014;0.4%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">Financials&#x2014;0.4%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Credicorp Ltd.
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:23.92pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">4,743
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:22.72pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">1,361,241
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">POLAND&#x2014;1.5%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">Consumer Staples&#x2014;0.8%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Zabka Group SA<sup style="font-size:85%; font-style:Normal; text-transform:none">(a)</sup>
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:16.91pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">379,712
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:20.36pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">2,415,683
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.38pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">Industrials&#x2014;0.7%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">InPost SA<sup style="font-size:85%; font-style:Normal; text-transform:none">(a)</sup>
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:15.46pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">185,405
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:20.15pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">2,278,389
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="2">Total Poland
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; line-height:8pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; vertical-align:bottom; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:13.39pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">4,694,072
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">RUSSIA&#x2014;0.0%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">Energy&#x2014;0.0%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Novatek PJSC<sup style="font-size:85%; font-style:Normal; text-transform:none">(c)(d)</sup>
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:20.33pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">20,251
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:48.81pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2013;
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.38pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">Financials&#x2014;0.0%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Sberbank of Russia PJSC<sup style="font-size:85%; font-style:Normal; text-transform:none">(c)(d)</sup>
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:15.03pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">730,234
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:48.81pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2013;
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="2">Total Russia
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; line-height:8pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; vertical-align:bottom; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:44.81pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2013;
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">SAUDI ARABIA&#x2014;3.8%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">Energy&#x2014;0.8%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Saudi Arabian Oil Co.<sup style="font-size:85%; font-style:Normal; text-transform:none">(b)</sup>
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:15.47pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">387,608
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:21.01pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">2,461,370
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.38pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">Financials&#x2014;2.4%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Al Rajhi Bank
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:16.13pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">279,941
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:22.15pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">7,271,500
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.38pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">Industrials&#x2014;0.6%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Electrical Industries Co.
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:14.47pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">654,508
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:21.51pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">1,952,375
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="2">Total Saudi Arabia
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; line-height:8pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; vertical-align:bottom; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:11.12pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">11,685,245
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">SOUTH AFRICA&#x2014;2.4%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">Consumer Discretionary&#x2014;1.5%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Naspers Ltd., Class N
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:19.84pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">67,940
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:21.18pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">4,531,018
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.38pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">Financials&#x2014;0.9%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Sanlam Ltd.
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:13.97pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">480,020
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:20.20pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">2,854,901
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="2">Total South Africa
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; line-height:8pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; vertical-align:bottom; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:15.66pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">7,385,919
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">SOUTH KOREA&#x2014;13.1%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">Financials&#x2014;2.0%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:0.12pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Shinhan Financial Group Co. Ltd.
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:0.12pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:0.12pt; padding-left:16.05pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">114,980
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:0.12pt; padding-left:21.62pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">6,122,655
</td></tr></table>
</div>
</div>
<div style="margin-top:32pt; width:100%">
<div style="text-align:right">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-left:auto; margin-top:0pt; width:26.81%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:10pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:100%">abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc.
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:10pt; padding-left:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:13.51%">11
</td></tr></table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="clear:both; font-size:12pt; height:0pt">
</div>
<hr style="margin-bottom:0pt">
<div style="page-break-before:always; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:12pt"><p style="margin:0pt">&#xa0;</p></div>
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:18pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:21pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Portfolio of Investments&#xa0;<font style="font-size:11pt; line-height:14pt">&#xa0;&#xa0;(continued)</font></div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:11pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:14pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">As of December 31, 2025</div>
<hr style="background-color:#000000; border-bottom:0pt; border-left:0pt; border-right:0pt; border-top:0.5pt solid #000000; height:0.5pt; width:100%; text-align: Left;">
</div>
<div style="margin-top:22.5pt; width:100%">
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:0pt; width:99.28%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; line-height:8pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:4pt; text-align:left; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #CCCCCC;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-top:4pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:8.34%; background-color: #CCCCCC;" colspan="2">Shares
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:4pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #CCCCCC;">Value
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:88.25%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="3">COMMON STOCKS (continued)
</td><td style="line-height:8pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:center; vertical-align:bottom; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">SOUTH KOREA (continued)
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">Health Care&#x2014;0.9%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Samsung Biologics Co. Ltd.<sup style="font-size:85%; font-style:Normal; text-transform:none">(a)(b)</sup>
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:1.88pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2009;&#x2007;&#x2007;&#x2007;&#x2007;&#x2007;1,834
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$<font style="padding-left:1.39pt"></font>&#x2002;&#x2007;&#x2007;2,153,454
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Samsung Episholdings Co. Ltd.<sup style="font-size:85%; font-style:Normal; text-transform:none">(a)</sup>
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:1.21pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2009;&#x2009;&#x2007;&#x2007;&#x2007;&#x2007;&#x2007;&#x2007;986
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:11.54pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2009;&#x2007;&#x2007;&#x2007;508,554
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; vertical-align:bottom; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:19.14pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">2,662,008
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.38pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">Industrials&#x2014;5.6%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">HD Hyundai Electric Co. Ltd.
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:3.29pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2009;&#x2007;&#x2007;&#x2007;&#x2007;&#x2007;8,197
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:12.30pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2007;&#x2007;4,402,184
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">HD Korea Shipbuilding &amp; Offshore Engineering Co. Ltd.
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:2.14pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2009;&#x2007;&#x2007;&#x2007;&#x2007;18,562
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:13.09pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2007;&#x2007;5,237,669
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Samsung C&amp;T Corp.
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:1.73pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2009;&#x2007;&#x2007;&#x2007;&#x2007;29,739
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:11.07pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2007;&#x2007;4,939,445
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Samsung E&amp;A Co. Ltd.<sup style="font-size:85%; font-style:Normal; text-transform:none">(a)</sup>
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:2.63pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2009;&#x2007;&#x2007;&#x2007;175,320
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:11.28pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2007;&#x2007;2,920,609
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; vertical-align:bottom; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:17.59pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">17,499,907
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.38pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">Information Technology&#x2014;4.6%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">SK Hynix, Inc.
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:2.41pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2009;&#x2007;&#x2007;&#x2007;&#x2007;31,554
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:13.80pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2007;14,290,107
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="2">Total South Korea
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; line-height:8pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; vertical-align:bottom; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:10.43pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">40,574,677
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">TAIWAN&#x2014;29.1%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">Consumer Discretionary&#x2014;1.2%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Makalot Industrial Co. Ltd.
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:0.98pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2009;&#x2007;&#x2007;&#x2007;278,000
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:14.37pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2007;&#x2007;2,551,719
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Poya International Co. Ltd.
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:20.01pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">75,750
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:21.58pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">1,059,701
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; vertical-align:bottom; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:21.32pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">3,611,420
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.38pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">Information Technology&#x2014;27.9%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Accton Technology Corp.
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:16.53pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">137,000
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:21.23pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">5,169,965
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">ASE Technology Holding Co. Ltd.
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:15.03pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">572,000
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:22.65pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">4,510,172
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Chroma ATE, Inc.
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:15.07pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">310,000
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:22.45pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">7,667,370
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Delta Electronics, Inc.
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:14.48pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">253,000
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:23.53pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">7,717,495
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">MediaTek, Inc.
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:18.17pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">83,000
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:21.05pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">3,768,631
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co. Ltd.
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:11.33pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">1,175,000
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:18.5pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">57,759,776
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; vertical-align:bottom; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:14.81pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">86,593,409
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.38pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="2">Total Taiwan
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; line-height:8pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-top:1.38pt; text-align:center; vertical-align:bottom; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:8.63pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.38pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">90,204,829
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">TURKEY&#x2014;0.4%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">Consumer Staples&#x2014;0.4%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Coca-Cola Icecek AS
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:9.48pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">1,024,066
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:22.13pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">1,401,313
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">UNITED ARAB EMIRATES&#x2014;3.7%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">Financials&#x2014;1.8%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Abu Dhabi Islamic Bank PJSC
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:14.49pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">988,269
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:20.14pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">5,581,406
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.38pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">Real Estate&#x2014;1.1%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Aldar Properties PJSC
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:10.52pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">1,383,214
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:20.41pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">3,273,709
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.38pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">Utilities&#x2014;0.8%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Emirates Central Cooling Systems Corp.
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:10.35pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">6,247,345
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:20.89pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">2,619,539
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="2">Total United Arab Emirates
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; line-height:8pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; vertical-align:bottom; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:11.16pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">11,474,654
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">VIETNAM&#x2014;1.7%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">Information Technology&#x2014;1.7%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">FPT Corp.
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:10.79pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">1,416,229
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:22.32pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">5,152,813
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="2">Total Common Stocks
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:8pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; vertical-align:bottom; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:8.04pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">317,411,406
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.38pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:88.25%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="3">PREFERRED STOCKS&#x2014;9.0%
</td><td style="line-height:8pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.38pt; text-align:center; vertical-align:bottom; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">BRAZIL&#x2014;1.6%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">Financials&#x2014;1.6%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Itausa SA
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:10.27pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">2,246,377
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:21.26pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">4,784,731
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.38pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">Industrials&#x2014;0.0%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Localiza Rent a Car SA<sup style="font-size:85%; font-style:Normal; text-transform:none">(a)</sup>
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:20.71pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">13,732
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:25.75pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">104,002
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="2">Total Brazil
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; line-height:8pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; vertical-align:bottom; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:13.24pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">4,888,733
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">SOUTH KOREA&#x2014;7.4%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">Information Technology&#x2014;7.4%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd.
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:16.47pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">370,160
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:19.09pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">22,976,115
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:0.12pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="2">Total Preferred Stocks
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:8pt; padding-bottom:0.12pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; vertical-align:bottom; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:0.12pt; padding-left:9.45pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">27,864,848
</td></tr></table>
</div>
</div>
<div style="margin-top:22pt; width:100%">
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:0pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:10pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:3.08%">12
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:10pt; padding-left:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:97.46%">abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc.
</td></tr></table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="clear:both; font-size:12pt; height:0pt">
</div>
<hr style="margin-bottom:0pt">
<div style="page-break-before:always; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:12pt"><p style="margin:0pt">&#xa0;</p></div>
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:18pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:21pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Portfolio of Investments&#xa0;<font style="font-size:11pt; line-height:14pt">&#xa0;&#xa0;(concluded)</font></div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:11pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:14pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">As of December 31, 2025</div>
<hr style="background-color:#000000; border-bottom:0pt; border-left:0pt; border-right:0pt; border-top:0.5pt solid #000000; height:0.5pt; width:100%; text-align: Left;">
</div>
<div style="margin-top:22.5pt; width:100%">
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:0pt; width:99.28%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; line-height:8pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:4pt; text-align:left; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #CCCCCC;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-top:4pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:8.34%; background-color: #CCCCCC;" colspan="2">Shares
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:4pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #CCCCCC;">Value
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:88.25%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="3">PRIVATE EQUITY&#x2014;0.0%
</td><td style="line-height:8pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:center; vertical-align:bottom; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">GLOBAL*&#x2014;0.0%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Private Equity &#x2014;0.0%
</td><td style="line-height:8pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; vertical-align:bottom; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; vertical-align:bottom; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Emerging Markets Ventures I LP<sup style="font-size:85%; font-style:Normal; text-transform:none">(a)(c)(e)(f)(g)(h)</sup>
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:9.95pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2007;11,723,413<sup style="font-size:85%; font-style:Normal; text-transform:none">(i)</sup>
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$<font style="padding-left:0.17pt"></font>&#x2002;&#x2009;&#x2007;&#x2007;&#x2007;&#x2007;&#x2007;4,455
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">ISRAEL&#x2014;0.0%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Private Equity &#x2014;0.0%
</td><td style="line-height:8pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; vertical-align:bottom; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; vertical-align:bottom; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">BPA Israel Ventures LLC<sup style="font-size:85%; font-style:Normal; text-transform:none">(a)(c)(e)(f)(g)(h)(j)</sup>
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:8.78pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2007;&#x2007;3,349,175<sup style="font-size:85%; font-style:Normal; text-transform:none">(i)</sup>
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:12.75pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2009;&#x2007;&#x2007;&#x2007;&#x2007;&#x2007;2,579
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:98.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="4">UNITED STATES&#x2014;0.0%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Private Equity &#x2014;0.0%
</td><td style="line-height:8pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; vertical-align:bottom; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; vertical-align:bottom; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Telesoft Partners II LP<sup style="font-size:85%; font-style:Normal; text-transform:none">(a)(c)(e)(h)(j)</sup>
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:5.74pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2007;&#x2007;2,400,000<sup style="font-size:85%; font-style:Normal; text-transform:none">(i)</sup>
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:11.41pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2009;&#x2007;&#x2007;&#x2007;&#x2007;23,808
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="2">Total Private Equity
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:8pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; vertical-align:bottom; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.38pt; padding-left:23.90pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">30,842
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.38pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:88.25%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="3">SHORT-TERM INVESTMENT&#x2014;0.4%
</td><td style="line-height:8pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.38pt; text-align:center; vertical-align:bottom; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">State Street Institutional U.S. Government Money Market Fund, Premier Class, 3.74%<sup style="font-size:85%; font-style:Normal; text-transform:none">(k)</sup>
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:0%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:2.00pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2007;&#x2007;1,223,530
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:12.68pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2007;&#x2007;1,223,530
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:79.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="2">Total Short-Term Investment
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; line-height:8pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:center; vertical-align:bottom; width:8.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:14.76pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">1,223,530
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:14pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-indent:-8pt; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:88.25%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="3">Total Investments<br>
(Cost $245,375,508)<sup style="font-size:85%; font-style:Normal; text-transform:none">(l)</sup>&#x2014;111.8%
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:8.36pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">346,530,626
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:88.25%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="3">Revolving Credit Facility&#x2014;(8.7%)
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:13.05pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">(27,000,000)
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:88.25%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="3">Liabilities in Excess of Other Assets&#x2014;(3.1%)
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:1.25pt; padding-left:17.36pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">(9,672,664)
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:0.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:88.25%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="3">Net Assets&#x2014;100.0%
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:0.25pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:10.29%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$<font style="padding-left:1.48pt"></font>309,857,962
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0;</div>
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:0pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:1.5pt; padding-top:10pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:1.92%">(a)
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:1.5pt; padding-top:10pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:98.35%">Non-income producing security.
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:1.5pt; padding-top:1.12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:1.92%">(b)
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:1.5pt; padding-top:1.12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:98.35%">Denotes a security issued under Regulation S or Rule 144A.
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:1.5pt; padding-top:1.12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:1.92%">(c)
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:1.5pt; padding-top:1.12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:98.35%">Illiquid security.
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:1.5pt; padding-top:1.12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:1.92%">(d)
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:1.5pt; padding-top:1.12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:98.35%">Level 3 security. See Note 2(a) of the accompanying Notes to&#xa0;Financial Statements.
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:1.5pt; padding-top:1.12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:1.92%">(e)
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:1.5pt; padding-top:1.12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:98.35%">Fair Value is determined pursuant to procedures approved by the Fund&#x2019;s Board of Trustees. Unless otherwise noted, securities are valued by applying valuation factors to the
exchange traded price. See Note 2(a)&#xa0; of the accompanying Notes to&#xa0;Financial Statements for inputs used.
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:1.5pt; padding-top:1.12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:1.92%">(f)
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:1.5pt; padding-top:1.12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:98.35%">Considered in liquidation by the Fund's Adviser.
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:1.5pt; padding-top:1.12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:1.92%">(g)
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:1.5pt; padding-top:1.12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:98.35%">As of December 31, 2025, the aggregate amount of open commitments for the Fund is $2,806,782.
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:1.5pt; padding-top:1.12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:1.92%">(h)
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:1.5pt; padding-top:1.12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:98.35%">Restricted security, not readily marketable. See Notes to Financial Statements.
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:1.5pt; padding-top:1.12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:1.92%">(i)
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:1.5pt; padding-top:1.12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:98.35%">Represents contributed capital.
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:1.5pt; padding-top:1.12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:1.92%">(j)
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:1.5pt; padding-top:1.12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:98.35%">Fund of Fund investment.
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:1.5pt; padding-top:1.12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:1.92%">(k)
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:1.5pt; padding-top:1.12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:98.35%">Registered investment company advised by State Street Investment Management. The rate shown is the 7 day yield as of&#xa0;December 31, 2025.
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:1.5pt; padding-top:1.12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:1.92%">(l)
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:1.5pt; padding-top:1.12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:98.35%">See accompanying Notes to Financial Statements for tax unrealized appreciation/(depreciation) of securities.
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:6pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:1.5pt; padding-top:1.12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:1.92%">*
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:6pt; padding-left:1.5pt; padding-top:1.12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:98.35%">&#x201c;Global&#x201d; is the percentage attributable to the Fund&#x2019;s holdings in a private equity fund which invests globally and is not categorized under
a&#xa0;particular country.
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0;</div>
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:0pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:1.5pt; padding-top:6pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:2.97%">ADR
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:1.5pt; padding-top:6pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:97.30%">American Depositary Receipt
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:1.5pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:2.97%">GDR
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:1.5pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:97.30%">Global Depositary Receipt
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:6pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:1.5pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:2.97%">PLC
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:6pt; padding-left:1.5pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:97.30%">Public Limited Company
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">&#xa0;</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; margin-top:9pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">See accompanying Notes to Financial
Statements.</div>
</div>
<div style="margin-top:222pt; width:100%">
<div style="text-align:right">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-left:auto; margin-top:0pt; width:26.81%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:10pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:100%">abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc.
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:10pt; padding-left:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:13.51%">13
</td></tr></table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="clear:both; font-size:12pt; height:0pt">
</div>
<hr style="margin-bottom:0pt">
<div style="page-break-before:always; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:12pt"><p style="margin:0pt">&#xa0;</p></div>
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:18pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:21pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Statement of Assets and Liabilities<font style="font-size:11pt; line-height:14pt">&#xa0;</font></div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:11pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:14pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">As of December 31, 2025</div>
</div>
<div style="width:100%">
<hr style="background-color:#000000; border-bottom:0pt; border-left:0pt; border-right:0pt; border-top:0.5pt solid #000000; height:0.5pt; width:100%; text-align: Left;">
</div>
<div style="margin-top:14.5pt; width:100%">
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:0pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:85.48%">Assets
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; line-height:9.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:5pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:13.70%">&#xa0;
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:85.48%">Investments, at value (cost $244,151,978)
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:7.5pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:13.70%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$&#x2003;345,307,096
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:85.48%">Short-term investment, at value (cost $1,223,530)
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:22.94pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:13.70%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2003;1,223,530
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:85.48%">Foreign currency, at value (cost $75,891)
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:43.42pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:13.70%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">76,106
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:85.48%">Interest and dividends receivable
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:37.59pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:13.70%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">293,742
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:85.48%">Tax reclaim receivable
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:41.37pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:13.70%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">41,084
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:85.48%">Prepaid expenses in connection with revolving credit facility
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:41.88pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:13.70%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">10,865
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:85.48%">Prepaid expenses
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:41.73pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:13.70%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">42,522
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:2.38pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:85.48%">Total assets
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:15.28pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:2.38pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:13.70%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">346,994,945
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:85.48%">Liabilities
</td><td style="line-height:9.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:13.70%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:85.48%">Revolving Credit Facility payable (Note 7)
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:24.39pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:13.70%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">27,000,000
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:85.48%">Distributions payable
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:30.52pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:13.70%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">7,308,256
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:85.48%">Deferred foreign capital gains tax (Note 2h)
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:31.18pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:13.70%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">1,815,546
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:85.48%">Investment advisory fees payable (Note 3)
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:37.76pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:13.70%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">637,453
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:85.48%">Administration fees payable (Note 3)
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:42.51pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:13.70%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">61,087
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:85.48%">Director fees payable
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:40.88pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:13.70%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">58,943
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:85.48%">Investor relations fees payable (Note 3)
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:42.55pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:13.70%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">39,714
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:85.48%">Other accrued expenses
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:37.20pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:13.70%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">215,984
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:2.38pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:85.48%">Total liabilities
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:24.49pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:2.38pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:13.70%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">37,136,983
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; line-height:9.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:left; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:99.18%" colspan="2">&#xa0;
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:85.48%">Net Assets
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:7.5pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:13.70%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$<font style="padding-left:4.92pt"></font>309,857,962
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:85.48%">Composition of Net Assets
</td><td style="line-height:9.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:13.70%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:85.48%">Common stock (par value $0.001 per share) (Note 5)
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:7.5pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:13.70%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$<font style="padding-left:21.39pt"></font>&#x2003;40,601
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:85.48%">Paid-in capital in excess of par
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:14.24pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:13.70%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2003;296,297,818
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:85.48%">Distributable earnings
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:19.0pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:13.70%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2003;13,519,543
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:2.38pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:85.48%">Net Assets
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:7.5pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:2.38pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:13.70%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$<font style="padding-left:4.92pt"></font>309,857,962
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:85.48%">Net asset value per share based on 40,601,423 shares issued and outstanding
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:7.5pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:13.70%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$<font style="padding-left:40.16pt"></font>7.63
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">&#xa0;</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:19pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">See accompanying Notes to
Financial Statements.</div>
</div>
<div style="margin-top:265pt; width:100%">
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:0pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:10pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:3.08%">14
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:10pt; padding-left:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:97.46%">abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc.
</td></tr></table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="clear:both; font-size:12pt; height:0pt">
</div>
<hr style="margin-bottom:0pt">
<div style="page-break-before:always; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:12pt"><p style="margin:0pt">&#xa0;</p></div>
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:18pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:21pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Statement of Operations<font style="font-size:11pt; line-height:14pt">&#xa0;</font></div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:11pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:14pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">For the Year Ended December 31, 2025</div>
</div>
<div style="width:100%">
<hr style="background-color:#000000; border-bottom:0pt; border-left:0pt; border-right:0pt; border-top:0.5pt solid #000000; height:0.5pt; width:100%; text-align: Left;">
</div>
<div style="margin-top:14.5pt; width:100%">
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:0pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:87.07%">Net Investment Income
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; line-height:9.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:5pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:12.12%">&#xa0;
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:87.07%">Investment Income:
</td><td style="line-height:9.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:12.12%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:87.07%">Dividends&#xa0;and&#xa0;other&#xa0;income (net of foreign withholding taxes of $1,030,900)
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:7.5pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:12.12%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$&#x2003;6,482,234
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:2.38pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:87.07%">Total investment income
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:20.07pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:2.38pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:12.12%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">6,482,234
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:2.38pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:87.07%">Expenses:
</td><td style="line-height:9.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:2.38pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:12.12%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:87.07%">Investment advisory fee (Note 3)
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:15.12pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:12.12%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2003;2,467,914
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:87.07%">Directors' fees and expenses
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:21.78pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:12.12%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2003;261,786
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:87.07%">Custodian&#x2019;s fees and expenses
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:20.71pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:12.12%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2003;252,652
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:87.07%">Administration fee (Note 3)
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:20.71pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:12.12%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2003;222,073
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:87.07%">Legal fees and expenses
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:25.71pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:12.12%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2003;91,366
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:87.07%">Reports to shareholders and proxy solicitation
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:25.10pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:12.12%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2003;83,758
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:87.07%">Independent auditors&#x2019; fees and tax expenses
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:27.51pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:12.12%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2003;81,139
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:87.07%">Investor relations fees and expenses (Note 3)
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:25.37pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:12.12%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2003;74,890
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:87.07%">Transfer agent&#x2019;s fees and expenses
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:25.67pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:12.12%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2003;48,277
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:87.07%">Insurance expense
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:25.34pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:12.12%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2003;22,959
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:87.07%">Miscellaneous
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:20.51pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:12.12%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2003;106,920
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:2.38pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:87.07%">Total operating expenses, excluding interest expense
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:22.34pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:2.38pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:12.12%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">3,713,734
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:87.07%">Interest expense  (Note 7)
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:17.12pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:12.12%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2003;1,819,173
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:2.38pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:87.07%">Total operating expenses before reimbursed/waived expenses
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:21.40pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:2.38pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:12.12%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">5,532,907
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:87.07%">Expenses waived (Note 3)
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:26.34pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:12.12%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">(372,597)
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:2.38pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:87.07%">Net expenses
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:23.16pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:2.38pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:12.12%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">5,160,310
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:9.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:left; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:99.18%" colspan="2">&#xa0;
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:2.38pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:87.07%">Net Investment Income
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:23.24pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:2.38pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:12.12%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">1,321,924
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:87.07%">Net Realized/Unrealized Gain/(Loss):
</td><td style="line-height:9.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:12.12%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:87.07%">Net realized gain/(loss) from:
</td><td style="line-height:9.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:12.12%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:87.07%">Investments (including $1,595,859 foreign capital gains tax) (Note 2h)
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:15.57pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:12.12%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">26,983,479
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:87.07%">Foreign currency transactions
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:24.51pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:12.12%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">(362,939)
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:2.38pt; text-align:left; vertical-align:bottom; width:87.07%">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:15.10pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:2.38pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:12.12%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">26,620,540
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:2.38pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:87.07%">Net change in unrealized appreciation/depreciation on:
</td><td style="line-height:9.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:2.38pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:12.12%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:87.07%">Investments (including change in deferred foreign capital gains tax of $1,096,764) (Note 2h)
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.5pt; padding-left:19.01pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:12.12%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">67,610,778
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:87.07%">Foreign currency translation
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:33.61pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:12.12%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">10,925
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:2.38pt; text-align:left; vertical-align:bottom; width:87.07%">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:18.41pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:2.38pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:12.12%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">67,621,703
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:2.38pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:87.07%">Net realized and unrealized gain from investments and foreign currencies
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:15.95pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:2.38pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:12.12%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">94,242,243
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:2.38pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:87.07%">Change in Net Assets Resulting from Operations
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:7.5pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:2.38pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:12.12%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$<font style="padding-left:2.33pt"></font>95,564,167
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">&#xa0;</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:19pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">See accompanying Notes to
Financial Statements.</div>
</div>
<div style="margin-top:149pt; width:100%">
<div style="text-align:right">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-left:auto; margin-top:0pt; width:26.81%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:10pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:100%">abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc.
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:10pt; padding-left:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:13.51%">15
</td></tr></table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="clear:both; font-size:12pt; height:0pt">
</div>
<hr style="margin-bottom:0pt">
<div style="page-break-before:always; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:12pt"><p style="margin:0pt">&#xa0;</p></div>
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:18pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:21pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Statements of Changes in Net Assets<font style="font-size:11pt; line-height:14pt">&#xa0;</font></div>
</div>
<div style="width:100%">
<hr style="background-color:#000000; border-bottom:0pt; border-left:0pt; border-right:0pt; border-top:0.5pt solid #000000; height:0.5pt; width:100%; text-align: Left;">
</div>
<div style="margin-top:14.5pt; width:100%">
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:0pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; line-height:9.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:5pt; text-align:left; vertical-align:bottom; width:65.57%">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:7.5pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:16.78%">For the<br>
Year Ended<br>
December 31, 2025
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:7.5pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:16.84%">For the<br>
Year Ended<br>
December 31, 2024
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:2.75pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:65.57%">Increase/(Decrease) in Net Assets:
</td><td style="line-height:9.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:2.75pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:16.78%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:2.75pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:16.84%; background-color: #D9D9D9;">&#xa0;
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:65.57%">Operations:
</td><td style="line-height:9.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:16.78%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:16.84%; background-color: #D9D9D9;">&#xa0;
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:65.57%">Net investment income
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:7.5pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:16.78%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$<font style="padding-left:14.60pt"></font>1,321,924
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:7.5pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:16.84%; background-color: #D9D9D9;">$<font style="padding-left:14.74pt"></font>1,959,129
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:65.57%">Net realized gain/(loss) from investments and foreign currency transactions
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:18.93pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:16.78%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">26,620,540
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:17.31pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:16.84%; background-color: #D9D9D9;">(22,904,772)
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:65.57%">Net change in unrealized appreciation on investments and foreign currency translations
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:22.23pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:16.78%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">67,621,703
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:18.37pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:16.84%; background-color: #D9D9D9;">40,685,382
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:2.62pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:65.57%">Net increase in net assets resulting from operations
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:21.58pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:2.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:16.78%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">95,564,167
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:21.06pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:2.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:16.84%; background-color: #D9D9D9;">19,739,739
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:2.62pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:65.57%">Distributions to Shareholders From:
</td><td style="line-height:9.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:2.62pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:16.78%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:2.62pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:16.84%; background-color: #D9D9D9;">&#xa0;
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:65.57%">Distributable earnings
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:22.68pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:16.78%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">(1,830,019)
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:30.54pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:16.84%; background-color: #D9D9D9;">(771,595)
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:65.57%">Return of capital
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:16.66pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:16.78%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">(24,560,907)
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:18.24pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:16.84%; background-color: #D9D9D9;">(19,021,599)
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:2.62pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:65.57%">Net decrease in net assets from distributions
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:16.18pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:2.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:16.78%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">(26,390,926)
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:19.20pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:2.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:16.84%; background-color: #D9D9D9;">(19,793,194)
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:10pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:2.62pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-indent:-10pt; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:65.57%">Cost of shares purchased through a tender offer of 10,150,355 and 0 shares of common
stock, respectively (net of expenses of $150,000 and 0, respectively) (Note 5)
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:18.75pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:2.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:16.78%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">(61,762,655)
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:58.70pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:2.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:16.84%; background-color: #D9D9D9;">&#x2013;
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:2.62pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:65.57%">Change in net assets
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:26.30pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:2.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:16.78%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">7,410,586
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:33.34pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:2.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:16.84%; background-color: #D9D9D9;">(53,455)
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:2.62pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:65.57%">Net Assets:
</td><td style="line-height:9.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:2.62pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:16.78%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:2.62pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:16.84%; background-color: #D9D9D9;">&#xa0;
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:9.5pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:65.57%">Beginning of year
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:16.22pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:16.78%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">302,447,376
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:14.71pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:16.84%; background-color: #D9D9D9;">302,500,831
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:9.5pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:2.62pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:65.57%">End of year
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:7.5pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:2.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:16.78%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$309,857,962
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:7.5pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:2.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:16.84%; background-color: #D9D9D9;">$302,447,376
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Amounts listed as
 &#x201c;&#x2013;&#x201d; are $0 or round to $0.&#xa0;</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:19pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">See accompanying Notes to
Financial Statements.</div>
</div>
<div style="margin-top:329pt; width:100%">
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:0pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:10pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:3.08%">16
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:10pt; padding-left:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:97.46%">abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc.
</td></tr></table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="clear:both; font-size:12pt; height:0pt">
</div>
<hr style="margin-bottom:0pt">
<div style="page-break-before:always; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:12pt"><p style="margin:0pt">&#xa0;</p></div>
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:18pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:21pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Statement of Cash Flows&#xa0;<font style="font-size:11pt; line-height:14pt">&#xa0;&#xa0;</font></div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:11pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:14pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">For the Year Ended &#xa0;December 31, 2025</div>
</div>
<div style="width:100%">
<hr style="background-color:#000000; border-bottom:0pt; border-left:0pt; border-right:0pt; border-top:0.5pt solid #000000; height:0.5pt; width:100%; text-align: Left;">
</div>
<div style="margin-top:14.5pt; width:100%">
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:0pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:84.91%">Cash flows from operating activities:
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; line-height:9.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:5pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:14.27%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:2.75pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:84.91%">Net increase/(decrease) in net assets resulting from operations
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:7.5pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:2.75pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:14.27%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$<font style="padding-left:9.58pt"></font>&#x2003;95,564,167
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:10pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-indent:-10pt; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:84.91%">Adjustments to reconcile net increase in net assets resulting<br>
from operations to net cash provided by operating activities:
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:14.27%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:84.91%">Investments purchased
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:12.68pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:14.27%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2003;(143,282,396)
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:84.91%">Investments sold and principal repayments
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:15.43pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:14.27%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2003;239,230,801
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:84.91%">Net change in short-term investments
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:28.83pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:14.27%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2003;1,120,742
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:84.91%">Increase in interest, dividends and other receivables
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:33.18pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:14.27%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2003;(58,486)
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:84.91%">Increase in prepaid expenses
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:39.01pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:14.27%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2003;(5,887)
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:84.91%">Decrease in interest payable on Revolving Credit Facility
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:34.74pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:14.27%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2003;(63,778)
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:84.91%">Decrease in accrued investment advisory fees payable
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:40.33pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:14.27%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2003;(4,571)
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:84.91%">Increase in other accrued expenses
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:38.36pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:14.27%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2003;75,732
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:84.91%">Net change in unrealized appreciation of investments
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:20.32pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:14.27%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2003;(67,610,778)
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:84.91%">Net change in unrealized appreciation on foreign currency translation
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:34.93pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:14.27%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2003;(10,925)
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:84.91%">Net realized gain on investments transactions
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:16.89pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:14.27%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2003;(26,983,479)
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:9.5pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:2.62pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:84.91%">Net cash provided by operating activities
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:29.65pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:2.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:14.27%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">97,971,142
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:2.75pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:84.91%">Cash flows from financing activities:
</td><td style="line-height:9.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:2.75pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:14.27%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:84.91%">Repayment of Revolving Credit Facility
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:23.88pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:14.27%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">(13,000,000)
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:84.91%">Distributions paid to shareholders
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:27.57pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:14.27%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">(24,157,848)
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:84.91%">Cost of shares purchased through a tender offer
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:26.81pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:14.27%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">(61,762,655)
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:9.5pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:2.62pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:84.91%">Net cash used in financing activities
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:21.13pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:2.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:14.27%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">(98,920,503)
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:2.75pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:84.91%">Effect of exchange rate on cash
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:50.14pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:2.75pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:14.27%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">1,584
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:9.5pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:2.62pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:84.91%">Net change in cash
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:39.30pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:2.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:14.27%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">(947,777)
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:9.5pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:84.91%">Unrestricted and restricted cash and foreign currency, beginning of year
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:32.87pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:14.27%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">1,023,883
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:2.62pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:84.91%">Foreign currency, end of year
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:7.5pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:2.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:14.27%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$<font style="padding-left:32.27pt"></font>76,106
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:2.75pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:84.91%">Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
</td><td style="line-height:9.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:2.75pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:14.27%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:84.91%">Cash paid for interest and fees on borrowing
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:-0.10pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:14.27%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2003;$<font style="padding-left:22.07pt"></font>1,882,951
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">&#xa0;</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:19pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">See accompanying Notes to
Financial Statements.</div>
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<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:10pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:100%">abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc.
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<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:18pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:21pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Financial Highlights<font style="font-size:11pt; line-height:14pt">&#xa0;</font></div>
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<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="line-height:9.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:5pt; text-align:left; vertical-align:bottom; width:52.17%; background-color: #D9D9D9;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:6.5pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:5pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:46.62%; background-color: #D9D9D9;" colspan="5">For the Fiscal Years Ended December 31,
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</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:6.5pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.44%; background-color: #D9D9D9;">2025<br>


</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:6.5pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.32%; background-color: #D9D9D9;">2024<br>


</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:6.5pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.16%; background-color: #D9D9D9;">2023<br>


</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:6.5pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.39%; background-color: #D9D9D9;">2022<br>


</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:6.5pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.31%; background-color: #D9D9D9;">2021<br>


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<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:2.62pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:52.17%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">PER SHARE OPERATING PERFORMANCE:
</td><td style="line-height:9.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:2.62pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:9.44%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:2.62pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:9.32%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:2.62pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:9.16%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:2.62pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:9.39%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:2.62pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:9.31%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
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<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:52.17%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Net asset value per common share, beginning of year
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:22.07pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.44%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$5.96
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:21.47pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.32%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$5.96
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:21.24pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.16%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$5.78
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:21.86pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.39%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$8.70
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:22.21pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.31%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$9.41
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<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:52.17%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Net investment income<sup style="font-size:85%; font-style:Normal; text-transform:none">(a)</sup>
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:26.45pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.44%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">0.03
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:25.65pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.32%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">0.04
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:25.5pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.16%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">0.07
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:28.75pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.39%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">0.12
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:28.06pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.31%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">0.16
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<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:16pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-indent:-10pt; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:52.17%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Net realized and unrealized gains/(losses) on<br>
investments and foreign currency transactions
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:27.29pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.44%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">2.26
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:26.28pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.32%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">0.35
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:25.14pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.16%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">0.50
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:23.61pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.39%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">(2.60)
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:22.88pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.31%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">(0.34)
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:52.17%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Total from investment operations applicable to common shareholders
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:27.34pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.44%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">2.29
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:26.08pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.32%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">0.39
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:25.93pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.16%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">0.57
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:23.53pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.39%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">(2.48)
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:24.95pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.31%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">(0.18)
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<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:52.17%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Distributions to common shareholders from:
</td><td style="line-height:9.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:9.44%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:9.32%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:9.16%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:9.39%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:9.31%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
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<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:52.17%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Net investment income
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:23.67pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.44%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">(0.05)
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:23.09pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.32%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">(0.02)
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:21.90pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.16%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">(0.06)
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:25.57pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.39%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">(0.13)
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:23.49pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.31%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">(0.22)
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:52.17%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Return of capital
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:23.41pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.44%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">(0.60)
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:23.82pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.32%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">(0.37)
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:22.23pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.16%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">(0.33)
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:24.83pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.39%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">(0.31)
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:24.42pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.31%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">(0.31)
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:52.17%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Total distributions
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:23.84pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.44%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">(0.65)
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:23.11pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.32%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">(0.39)
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:22.21pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.16%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">(0.39)
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:23.08pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.39%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">(0.44)
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:23.26pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.31%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">(0.53)
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:52.17%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Capital Share Transactions:
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:9.44%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:9.32%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:9.16%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:9.39%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:9.31%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:52.17%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Anti-dilutive impact due to capital shares tendered (Note 5)
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:26.45pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.44%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">0.03
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:39.11pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.32%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2013;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:38.21pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.16%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2013;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:39.46pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.39%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2013;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:39.06pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.31%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2013;
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:52.17%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Net asset value per common share, end of year
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:23.50pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.44%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$7.63
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:21.47pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.32%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$5.96
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:20.57pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.16%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$5.96
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:22.50pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.39%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$5.78
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:21.45pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.31%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$8.70
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:52.17%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Market price, end of year
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:23.08pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.44%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$7.00
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:23.63pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.32%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$5.19
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:23.86pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.16%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$5.11
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:24.20pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.39%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$5.15
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:23.11pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.31%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$7.92
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:52.17%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Total Investment Return Based on<sup style="font-size:85%; font-style:Normal; text-transform:none">(b)</sup>:
</td><td style="line-height:9.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:9.44%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:9.32%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:9.16%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:9.39%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:9.31%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:52.17%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Market price
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:13.78pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.44%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">49.69%
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:18.78pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.32%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">9.24%
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:21.48pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.16%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">7.12%
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:11.82pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.39%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">(29.76%)
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:19.20pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.31%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">3.27%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:52.17%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Net asset value
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:13.65pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.44%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">42.08%
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:20.19pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.32%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">7.56%
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:15.21pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.16%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">11.32%
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:11.09pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.39%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">(28.23%)
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:16.49pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.31%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">(1.63%)
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:52.17%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Ratio to Average Net Assets/Supplementary Data:
</td><td style="line-height:9.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:9.44%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:9.32%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:9.16%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:9.39%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:9.31%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:52.17%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Net&#xa0;assets,&#xa0;end&#xa0;of year (000 omitted)
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:6.5pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.44%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$309,858
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:6.5pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.32%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$302,447
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:6.5pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.16%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$302,501
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:9.27pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.39%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$293,167
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:7.99pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.31%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$441,576
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:52.17%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Average net assets applicable to common shareholders (000 omitted)
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:10.60pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.44%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$277,591
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:7.42pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.32%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$310,363
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:7.34pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.16%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$301,746
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:6.5pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.39%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$335,898
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:6.5pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.31%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$492,593
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:52.17%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Gross operating expenses, excluding fee waivers
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:20.16pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.44%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">1.99%
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:18.25pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.32%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">2.04%
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:18.11pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.16%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">2.24%
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:21.02pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.39%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">1.74%
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:20.30pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.31%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">1.27%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:52.17%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Net operating expenses, net of fee waivers
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:19.91pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.44%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">1.86%
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:19.49pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.32%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">1.96%
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:19.68pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.16%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">2.14%
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:20.06pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.39%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">1.65%
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:20.89pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.31%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">1.31%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:16pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-indent:-10pt; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:52.17%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Total expenses, excluding taxes and interest and revolving credit facility expenses, net of fee waivers
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:20.16pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.44%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">1.20%
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:19.55pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.32%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">1.20%
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:18.65pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.16%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">1.20%
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:19.91pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.39%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">1.20%
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:20.85pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.31%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">1.21%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:52.17%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Net Investment income
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:18.43pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.44%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">0.48%
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:18.16pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.32%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">0.63%
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:20.97pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.16%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">1.15%
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:19.74pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.39%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">1.83%
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:20.83pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.31%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">1.61%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:52.17%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Portfolio turnover
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:26.12pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.44%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">45%
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:25.54pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.32%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">42%
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:25.03pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.16%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">25%
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:26.30pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.39%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">32%
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:25.43pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.31%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">50%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:52.17%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Senior securities:
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:9.44%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:9.32%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:9.16%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:9.39%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:9.31%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:52.17%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Revolving Credit Facility outstanding (000 omitted)
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:13.03pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.44%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$27,000
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:10.20pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.32%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$40,000
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:9.94pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.16%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$35,000
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:11.38pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.39%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$55,000
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:10.97pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.31%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$55,000
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:16pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-indent:-10pt; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:52.17%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Asset coverage per $1,000 of Revolving Credit Facility outstanding
at year end<sup style="font-size:85%; font-style:Normal; text-transform:none">(c)</sup>
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:13.86pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.44%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$12,476
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:17.65pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.32%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$8,561
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:15.19pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.16%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$9,643
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:16.42pt; padding-right:6.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.39%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$6,330
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:16.26pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.31%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$9,029
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0;</div>
<div style="text-align:center">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto; margin-top:11pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:3pt; padding-top:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:2.22%">(a)
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:3pt; padding-top:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:98.33%">Based on average shares outstanding.
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:3pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:2.22%">(b)
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:3pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:98.33%">Total investment return based on market value is calculated assuming that shares of the Fund&#x2019;s common stock were purchased at the closing market price as of the beginning of the period, dividends,
capital gains and other distributions were reinvested as provided for in the Fund&#x2019;s dividend reinvestment plan and then sold at the closing market price per share on the last day of the period. The computation
does not reflect any sales commission investors may incur in purchasing or selling shares of the Fund. The total investment return based on the net asset value is similarly computed except that the Fund&#x2019;s net
asset value is substituted for the closing market value.
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:3pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:2.22%">(c)
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:3pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:98.33%">Asset coverage per $1,000 is calculated by dividing total assets (less all liabilities and indebtedness not represented by senior securities) by the amount of the Revolving Credit
Facility and then multiplying by $1,000.
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Amounts listed as
 &#x201c;&#x2013;&#x201d; are $0 or round to $0.&#xa0;</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:9pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">See accompanying Notes to
Financial Statements.</div>
</div>
<div style="margin-top:70pt; width:100%">
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:0pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:10pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:3.15%">18
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:10pt; padding-left:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:97.41%">abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc.
</td></tr></table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
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</div>
<hr style="margin-bottom:0pt">
<div style="page-break-before:always; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:12pt"><p style="margin:0pt">&#xa0;</p></div>
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:18pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:21pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Notes to &#xa0;Financial Statements<font style="font-size:11pt; line-height:14pt">&#xa0;<br>
</font><font style="font-size:11pt; font-weight:Normal; line-height:14pt">December 31, 2025</font></div>
<hr style="background-color:#000000; border-bottom:0pt; border-left:0pt; border-right:0pt; border-top:0.5pt solid #000000; height:0.5pt; width:100%; text-align: Left;">
</div>
<div style="margin-top:17.5pt">
<div style="float:left; overflow:hidden; position:relative; width:48.45%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:11pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:14pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">1.&#xa0;&#xa0;Organization</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">abrdn Emerging Markets
ex-China Fund, Inc. (formerly known as abrdn Emerging Markets Equity Income Fund, Inc.) (the &#x201c;Fund&#x201d;) was incorporated in Maryland on January 30, 1989 and commenced investment operations on September 27,
1989. The Fund is registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the &#x201c;1940 Act&#x201d;), as a non-diversified closed-end, management investment company. The Fund trades on the NYSE American
under the ticker symbol &#x201c;AEF&#x201d;.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The Fund&#x2019;s investment
objective is to seek to provide both current income and long-term capital appreciation.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:11pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:14pt; margin-top:11pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">2.&#xa0;&#xa0;Summary of Significant
Accounting Policies</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The Fund is an investment
company and accordingly follows the investment company accounting and reporting guidance of the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") Accounting Standards Codification Topic 946 Financial Services-Investment
Companies. The following is a summary of significant accounting policies followed by the Fund in the preparation of its financial statements. The policies conform to generally accepted accounting principles in the
United States of America ("U.S.&#xa0;GAAP"). The preparation of financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of
contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of income and expenses for the period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. The accounting records of
the Fund are maintained in U.S. Dollars and the U.S. Dollar is used as both the functional and reporting currency.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:11pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">a.&#xa0;&#xa0;Security Valuation:</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The Fund values its
securities at fair value, consistent with regulatory requirements. "Fair value" is defined in the Fund's Valuation and Liquidity Procedures as the price that could be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a
liability in an orderly transaction between willing market participants without a compulsion to transact at the measurement date, also referred to as market value. Pursuant to Rule 2a-5 under the 1940 Act, the Board
of Directors (the "Board") designated abrdn Investments Limited (the "Adviser") as the valuation designee ("Valuation Designee") for the Fund to perform the fair value determinations relating to Fund investments for
which market quotations are not readily available or deemed&#xa0;unreliable.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">In accordance with the
authoritative guidance on fair value measurements and disclosures under U.S. GAAP, the Fund discloses the fair value of its investments using a three-level hierarchy that classifies the inputs to valuation techniques
used to measure the fair value. The hierarchy assigns Level 1, the highest level, measurements to valuations based upon unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets, Level 2 measurements to
valuations based upon other significant observable inputs, including adjusted quoted prices in</div>
</div>
<div style="float:right; overflow:hidden; position:relative; width:48.45%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">active markets for similar assets, and Level
3, the lowest level, measurements to valuations based upon unobservable inputs that are significant to the valuation. Inputs refer broadly to the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or
liability, including assumptions about risk, for example, the risk inherent in a particular valuation technique used to measure fair value including a pricing model and/or the risk inherent in the inputs to the
valuation technique. Inputs may be observable or unobservable. Observable inputs are inputs that reflect the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability, which are based on market data
obtained from sources independent of the reporting entity. Unobservable inputs are inputs that reflect the reporting entity&#x2019;s own assumptions about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the
asset or liability developed based on the best information available in the circumstances.&#xa0;A financial instrument&#x2019;s level within the fair value hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of any input that is
significant to the fair value measurement.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Open-end mutual funds are
valued at the respective net asset value (&#x201c;NAV&#x201d;) as reported by such company. The prospectuses for the registered open-end management investment companies in which the Fund invests explain the
circumstances under which those companies will use fair value pricing and the effects of using fair value pricing. Closed-end funds and exchange-traded funds ("ETFs") are valued at the market price of the security at
the Valuation Time (defined below). A security using any of these pricing methodologies is generally determined to be a Level 1 investment.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Equity securities that are
traded on an exchange are valued at the last quoted sale price or the official close price on the principal exchange on which the security is traded at the &#x201c;Valuation Time&#x201d; subject to application, when
appropriate, of the valuation factors described in the paragraph below. Under normal circumstances, the Valuation Time is as of the close of regular trading on the New York Stock Exchange ("NYSE") (usually 4:00 p.m.
Eastern Time). In the absence of a sale price, the security is valued at the mean of the bid/ask price quoted at the close on the principal exchange on which the security is traded. Securities traded on NASDAQ are
valued at the NASDAQ official closing price.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Foreign equity securities
that are traded on foreign exchanges that close prior to the Valuation Time are valued by applying valuation factors to the last sale price or the mean price as noted above. Valuation factors are provided by an
independent pricing service provider. These valuation factors are used when pricing the Fund's portfolio holdings to estimate market movements between the time foreign markets close and the time the Fund values such
foreign securities. These valuation factors are based on inputs such as depositary receipts, indices, futures, sector indices/ETFs, exchange rates, and local exchange opening and closing prices of each security. When
prices with the application of valuation factors are utilized, the value assigned to the foreign securities may not be the same as quoted</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="clear:both">&#xa0;
<div style="clear:both; padding-top:17.5pt; width:100%">
<div style="text-align:right">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-left:auto; margin-top:0pt; width:27.41%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:10pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:100%">abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc.
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:10pt; padding-left:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:13.51%">19
</td></tr></table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="clear:both; font-size:12pt; height:0pt">
</div>
<hr style="margin-bottom:0pt">
<div style="page-break-before:always; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:12pt"><p style="margin:0pt">&#xa0;</p></div>
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:18pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:21pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Notes to &#xa0;Financial Statements<font style="font-size:11pt; line-height:14pt">&#xa0;&#xa0;(continued)<br>
</font><font style="font-size:11pt; font-weight:Normal; line-height:14pt">December 31, 2025</font></div>
<hr style="background-color:#000000; border-bottom:0pt; border-left:0pt; border-right:0pt; border-top:0.5pt solid #000000; height:0.5pt; width:100%; text-align: Left;">
</div>
<div style="margin-top:16.5pt">
<div style="float:left; overflow:hidden; position:relative; width:48.45%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">or published prices of the securities on
their primary markets. A security that applies a valuation factor is generally determined to be a Level 2 investment because the exchange-traded price has been adjusted. Valuation factors are not utilized if the
independent pricing service provider is unable to provide a valuation factor or if the valuation factor falls below a predetermined threshold; in such case, the security is determined to be a Level 1 investment.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Short-term investments are
comprised of cash and cash equivalents invested in short-term investment funds which are redeemable daily. The Fund &#xa0;sweeps available cash into the State Street Institutional U.S. Government Money Market Fund,
which has elected to qualify as a &#x201c;government money market fund&#x201d; pursuant to Rule 2a-7 under the 1940 Act, and has an objective, which is not guaranteed, to maintain a $1.00 per share NAV. Generally, these
investment types are categorized as Level 1 investments.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">In the event that a
security&#x2019;s market quotations are not readily available or are deemed unreliable (for reasons other than because the foreign exchange on which it trades closes before the Valuation Time), the security is valued
at fair value as determined by the Valuation Designee, taking into account the relevant factors and surrounding circumstances using valuation policies and procedures approved by the Board. A security that has been
fair valued by the Valuation Designee&#xa0;may be classified as Level 2 or Level 3 depending on the nature of the inputs.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The three-level hierarchy of
inputs is summarized below:</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Level 1 - quoted prices
(unadjusted) in active markets for identical investments;</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Level 2 - other significant observable
inputs (including valuation factors, quoted prices for similar securities, interest rates, prepayment speeds, and credit risk, etc.); or</div>
</div>
<div style="float:right; overflow:hidden; position:relative; width:48.45%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Level 3 - significant unobservable inputs
(including the Fund&#x2019;s own assumptions in determining the fair value of investments).</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The Fund may also invest in
private equity private placement securities, which represented less than 0.01% of the net assets of the Fund as of&#xa0;December 31, 2025. The private equity private placement securities in which the Fund is invested
are deemed to be restricted securities. In the absence of readily ascertainable market values, these securities are valued at fair value as determined in good faith by, or under the direction of the Board, pursuant to
valuation policies and procedures established by the Board. The Fund&#x2019;s estimate of fair value assumes a willing buyer and a willing seller neither of whom are acting under the compulsion to buy or sell. Although
these securities may be resold in privately negotiated transactions, the prices realized on such sales could differ from the prices originally paid by the Fund or the current carrying values, and the difference could
be material. These securities are stated at fair value by utilizing the net asset valuations provided by the underlying funds as a practical expedient. In determining the fair value of these investments, management
uses the market approach which includes as the primary input the capital balance reported; however, adjustments to the reported capital balance may be made based on various factors, including, but not limited to, the
attributes of the interest held, including the rights and obligations, and any restrictions or illiquidity of such interests, and the fair value of these private equity investments. No such adjustments were made to
the NAVs provided by the underlying funds.</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="clear:both">&#xa0;
<div style="clear:both; padding-top:8.5pt; width:100%">
<div style="clear:both; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">A summary of standard
inputs is listed below:</div>
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:0pt; width:99.44%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12pt; padding-bottom:3.5pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4.5pt; padding-top:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:33.05%">Security Type
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12pt; padding-bottom:3.5pt; padding-left:4.5pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:66.11%">Standard Inputs
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3.5pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4.5pt; padding-top:2.88pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:33.05%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Foreign equities utilizing a fair value factor
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3.5pt; padding-left:4.5pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:2.88pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:66.11%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Depositary receipts, indices, futures, sector indices/ETFs, exchange rates, and local
exchange opening and closing prices of each security.
</td></tr></table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="padding-top:191.5pt; width:100%">
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:0pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:10pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:3.15%">20
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:10pt; padding-left:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:97.41%">abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc.
</td></tr></table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="clear:both; font-size:12pt; height:0pt">
</div>
<hr style="margin-bottom:0pt">
<div style="page-break-before:always; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:12pt"><p style="margin:0pt">&#xa0;</p></div>
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:18pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:21pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Notes to &#xa0;Financial Statements<font style="font-size:11pt; line-height:14pt">&#xa0;&#xa0;(continued)<br>
</font><font style="font-size:11pt; font-weight:Normal; line-height:14pt">December 31, 2025</font></div>
<hr style="background-color:#000000; border-bottom:0pt; border-left:0pt; border-right:0pt; border-top:0.5pt solid #000000; height:0.5pt; width:100%; text-align: Left;">
</div>
<div style="margin-top:16.5pt; width:100%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The following is a summary of
the inputs used as of December 31, 2025 in valuing the Fund's investments and other financial instruments at fair value. The inputs or methodology used for valuing securities are not necessarily an indication of the
risk associated with investing in those securities. Please refer to the Portfolio of Investments for a detailed breakout of the security types:</div>
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:0pt; width:98.89%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:35.05%">Investments, at Value
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:14.01%">Level 1 &#x2013; Quoted<br>
Prices
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:20.87%">Level 2 &#x2013; Other Significant<br>
Observable Inputs
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:17.03%">Level 3 &#x2013; Significant<br>
Unobservable Inputs
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:13.04%">Total
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:2.75pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:69.92%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="3">Assets
</td><td style="line-height:9.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:2.75pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:17.03%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:2.75pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:13.04%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:49.06%; background-color: #F0F0F0;" colspan="2">Investments in Securities
</td><td style="line-height:9.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:20.87%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:17.03%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:13.04%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:35.05%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Common Stocks
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:14.01%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$<font style="padding-left:3.13pt"></font>47,260,880
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:20.87%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$<font style="padding-left:1.37pt"></font>270,150,526
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:17.03%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$<font style="padding-left:0.21pt"></font>&#x2013;
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:13.04%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$<font style="padding-left:8.04pt"></font>317,411,406
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:35.05%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Preferred Stocks
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:25.92pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:14.01%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">104,002
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:16.48pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:20.87%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">27,760,846
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:11.18pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:17.03%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2013;
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:20.27pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:13.04%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">27,864,848
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:35.05%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Short-Term Investment
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:19.96pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:14.01%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">1,223,530
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:54.46pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:20.87%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2013;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:11.18pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:17.03%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#x2013;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:26.05pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:13.04%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">1,223,530
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:35.05%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Total
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:14.01%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$48,588,412
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:20.87%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$297,411,372
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:17.03%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$&#x2013;
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:13.04%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$346,499,784
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:2.38pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:35.05%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Private Equity<sup style="font-size:85%; font-style:Normal; text-transform:none">(a)</sup>
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:2.38pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:14.01%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:2.38pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:20.87%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:2.38pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:17.03%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:36.18pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:2.38pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:13.04%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">30,842
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:35.05%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Total Investments in Securities
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; line-height:9.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:14.01%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:20.87%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:17.03%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:13.04%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$<font style="padding-left:0.17pt"></font>346,530,626
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:16pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Amounts listed as
 &#x201c;&#x2013;&#x201d; are $0 or round to $0.</div>
<div style="text-align:center">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto; margin-top:11pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:3pt; padding-top:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:1.96%"><sup style="font-size:85%; font-style:Normal; text-transform:none">(a)</sup>
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:3pt; padding-top:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:98.59%">Private Equity investments are measured at the net asset valuations provided by the underlying funds as a practical expedient and have not been classified in the
fair value levels. The fair value amounts presented are intended to permit reconciliation to the total investment&#xa0;amount presented in the Portfolio of Investments.
</td></tr></table>
</div>
</div>
<div style="margin-top:11.5pt">
<div style="float:left; overflow:hidden; position:relative; width:48.45%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">During the fiscal year ended December 31,
2025, there have been no transfers between levels and no significant changes to the fair valuation methodologies. Level 3 investments held during and at the end of the fiscal year in relation to net assets were not
significant (0.00% of total net assets) and accordingly, a reconciliation of Level 3 assets for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025 is not presented. The valuation technique used at December 31, 2025 was fair
valuation at zero pursuant to procedures approved by the Board.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:11pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">b.&#xa0;&#xa0;Restricted
Securities:</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Restricted securities are
privately-placed securities whose resale is restricted under U.S. securities laws. The Fund may invest in restricted securities, including unregistered securities eligible for resale without registration pursuant to
Rule 144A and privately-placed securities of U.S. and non-U.S. issuers offered outside the U.S. without registration pursuant to Regulation S under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "1933 Act"). Rule 144A
securities may be freely traded among certain qualified institutional investors, such as the Fund, but resale of such securities in the U.S. is permitted only in limited circumstances.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:11pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">c.&#xa0;&#xa0;Foreign Currency
Translation:</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Foreign securities,
currencies, and other assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated into U.S. Dollars at the exchange rate of said currencies against the U.S. Dollar, as of the Valuation Time, as provided by
an independent pricing service approved by the Board.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Foreign currency amounts are
translated into U.S. Dollars on the following basis:</div>
</div>
<div style="float:right; overflow:hidden; position:relative; width:48.45%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">(i) fair value of investment securities, other
assets and liabilities &#x2013; at the current daily rates of exchange at the Valuation Time; and</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">(ii) purchases and sales of
investment securities, income and expenses &#x2013; at the relevant rates of exchange prevailing on the respective dates of such transactions.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The Fund does not isolate
that portion of gains and losses on investments in equity securities due to changes in the foreign exchange rates from the portion due to changes in market prices of equity securities. Accordingly, realized and
unrealized foreign currency gains and losses with respect to such securities are included in the reported net realized and unrealized gains and losses on investment transactions balances.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The Fund reports certain
foreign currency related transactions and foreign taxes withheld on security transactions as components of realized gains for financial reporting purposes, whereas such foreign currency related transactions are
treated as ordinary income for U.S. federal income tax purposes.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Net unrealized currency gains
or losses from valuing foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities at period end exchange rates are reflected as a component of net unrealized appreciation/depreciation in value of investments, and translation
of other assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Net realized foreign exchange
gains or losses represent foreign exchange gains and losses from transactions in foreign currencies and forward foreign currency contracts, exchange gains or losses realized between the trade date and settlement date
on security transactions,</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="clear:both">&#xa0;
<div style="clear:both; padding-top:25.5pt; width:100%">
<div style="text-align:right">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-left:auto; margin-top:0pt; width:27.41%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:10pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:100%">abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc.
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:10pt; padding-left:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:13.51%">21
</td></tr></table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="clear:both; font-size:12pt; height:0pt">
</div>
<hr style="margin-bottom:0pt">
<div style="page-break-before:always; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:12pt"><p style="margin:0pt">&#xa0;</p></div>
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:18pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:21pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Notes to &#xa0;Financial Statements<font style="font-size:11pt; line-height:14pt">&#xa0;&#xa0;(continued)<br>
</font><font style="font-size:11pt; font-weight:Normal; line-height:14pt">December 31, 2025</font></div>
<hr style="background-color:#000000; border-bottom:0pt; border-left:0pt; border-right:0pt; border-top:0.5pt solid #000000; height:0.5pt; width:100%; text-align: Left;">
</div>
<div style="margin-top:16.5pt">
<div style="float:left; overflow:hidden; position:relative; width:48.45%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">and the difference between the amounts of
interest and dividends recorded on the Fund&#x2019;s books and the U.S. Dollar equivalent of the amounts actually received.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Foreign security and currency
transactions may involve certain considerations and risks not typically associated with those of domestic origin, including unanticipated movements in the value of the foreign currency relative to the U.S. Dollar.
Generally, when the U.S. Dollar rises in value against foreign currency, the Fund's investments denominated in that foreign currency will lose value because the foreign currency is worth fewer U.S. Dollars; the
opposite effect occurs if the U.S. Dollar falls in relative value.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:11pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">d.&#xa0;&#xa0;Rights Issues and
Warrants:</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Rights issues give the
right, normally to existing shareholders, to buy a proportional number of additional securities at a given price (generally at a discount) within a fixed period (generally a short-term period) and are offered at the
company&#x2019;s discretion. Warrants are securities that give the holder the right to buy common stock at a specified price for a specified period of time. Rights issues and warrants are speculative and have no value
if they are not exercised before the expiration date. Rights issues and warrants are valued at the last sale price on the exchange on which they are traded.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:11pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">e.&#xa0;&#xa0;Security Transactions,
Investment Income and Expenses:</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Security transactions are
recorded on the trade date. Realized gains/(losses) from security and currency transactions are calculated on the identified cost basis. Dividend income is recorded on the ex-dividend date except for certain dividends
on foreign securities, which are recorded as soon as the Fund is informed after the ex-dividend date. Interest income and expenses are recorded on an accrual basis.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Certain distributions
received by the Fund could represent a return of capital or capital gain. The Fund determines the components of these distributions subsequent to the ex-dividend date, based upon receipt of tax filings or other
correspondence relating to the underlying investment. These distributions are recorded as a reduction of cost of investments and/or as a realized gain.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:11pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">f.&#xa0;&#xa0;Distributions:</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The Fund records dividends
and distributions payable to its shareholders on the ex-dividend date. The amount of dividends and distributions from net investment income and net realized capital gains are determined in accordance with federal
income tax regulations, which may differ from U.S. GAAP. These book basis/tax basis differences are either considered temporary or permanent in nature. To the extent these differences are permanent in nature, such
amounts are reclassified within the capital accounts based on their federal tax basis treatment; temporary differences do not require reclassification. Dividends and distributions which exceed net</div>
</div>
<div style="float:right; overflow:hidden; position:relative; width:48.45%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">investment income and net realized capital
gains for tax purposes are reported as return of capital.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:11pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">g.&#xa0;&#xa0;Federal Income Taxes:</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The Fund intends to
continue to qualify as a &#x201c;regulated investment company&#x201d; by complying with the provisions available to certain investment companies, as defined in Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as
amended the ("Code"), and to make distributions of net investment income and net realized capital gains sufficient to relieve the Fund from all federal income taxes. Therefore, no federal income tax provision is
required.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The Fund recognizes the tax
benefits of uncertain tax positions only where the position is &#x201c;more likely than not&#x201d; to be sustained assuming examination by tax authorities. Management of the Fund has concluded that there are no
significant uncertain tax positions that would require recognition in the financial statements. Since tax authorities can examine previously filed tax returns, the Fund&#x2019;s U.S. federal and state tax returns for
each of the most recent four fiscal years up to the most recent fiscal year ended December 31, 2025 are subject to such review.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:11pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">h.&#xa0;&#xa0;Foreign Withholding
Tax:</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Dividend and interest
income from non-U.S. sources received by the Fund are generally subject to non-U.S. withholding taxes and are recorded on the Statement of Operations. The Fund files for tax reclaims for the refund of such
withholdings taxes according to tax treaties. Tax reclaims that are deemed collectible are booked as tax reclaim receivable on the Statement of Assets and Liabilities. In addition, the Fund may be subject to capital
gains tax in certain countries in which it invests. The above taxes may be reduced or eliminated under the terms of applicable U.S. income tax treaties with some of these countries. The Fund accrues such taxes when
the related income is earned.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">In addition, when the Fund
sells securities within certain countries in which it invests, the capital gains realized may be subject to tax. Based on these market requirements and as required under U.S. GAAP, the Fund accrues deferred capital
gains tax on securities currently held that have unrealized appreciation within these countries. The amount of deferred capital gains tax accrued is reported on the Statement of Assets and Liabilities.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:11pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:14pt; margin-top:11pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">3.&#xa0;&#xa0;Agreements and Transactions
with Affiliates</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:11pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">a.&#xa0;&#xa0;Investment Adviser:</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">abrdn Investments Limited
serves as the Fund&#x2019;s investment adviser with respect to all investments. The Adviser is an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Aberdeen Group plc. The Adviser receives an annual fee, calculated weekly and paid
quarterly, equal to 0.90% of the first $250 million, 0.80% of amounts $250-$500 million and</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="clear:both">&#xa0;
<div style="clear:both; padding-top:17.5pt; width:100%">
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:0pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:10pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:3.15%">22
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:10pt; padding-left:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:97.41%">abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc.
</td></tr></table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="clear:both; font-size:12pt; height:0pt">
</div>
<hr style="margin-bottom:0pt">
<div style="page-break-before:always; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:12pt"><p style="margin:0pt">&#xa0;</p></div>
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:18pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:21pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Notes to &#xa0;Financial Statements<font style="font-size:11pt; line-height:14pt">&#xa0;&#xa0;(continued)<br>
</font><font style="font-size:11pt; font-weight:Normal; line-height:14pt">December 31, 2025</font></div>
<hr style="background-color:#000000; border-bottom:0pt; border-left:0pt; border-right:0pt; border-top:0.5pt solid #000000; height:0.5pt; width:100%; text-align: Left;">
</div>
<div style="margin-top:16.5pt">
<div style="float:left; overflow:hidden; position:relative; width:48.45%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">0.75% of amounts over $500 million. For the
fiscal year ended December 31, 2025, the Adviser earned $2,467,914 for advisory services.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The Adviser and the Fund are
party to an expense limitation agreement dated April 27, 2018 (the "Expense Limitation Agreement"), which limits the total ordinary operating expenses of the Fund (excluding any interest, taxes, brokerage fees, short
sale dividend and interest expenses and non-routine expenses) from exceeding 1.20% of the average daily Net Assets of the Fund on an annualized basis. This contractual limitation may not be terminated before June 30,
2026 without the approval of the Independent Trustees. Through&#xa0; December 31, 2025, the Adviser waived a total of $372,597 pursuant to the Expense Limitation Agreement. The Adviser may request and receive
reimbursement of the advisory fees waived and other expenses reimbursed pursuant to the Expense Limitation Agreement as of a date not more than three years after the date when the Adviser limited the fees or
reimbursed the expenses; provided that the following requirements are met: the reimbursements do not cause the Fund to exceed the lesser of the applicable expense limitation in the contract at the time the fees were
limited or expenses are paid or the applicable expense limitation in effect at the time the expenses are being recouped by the Adviser (the &#x201c;Reimbursement Requirements&#x201d;).</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">As of December 31, 2025, to
the extent the Reimbursement Requirements are met, the cumulative potential reimbursements to the Adviser for the Fund, based on expenses reimbursed by the Adviser, including adjustments described above, would be:</div>
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:0pt; width:100.00%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:76.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Amount Fiscal Year 2023(Expires 12/31/26)
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:3pt; text-align:left; vertical-align:top; width:2.00%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:18.80%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$<font style="padding-left:2.16pt"></font>284,122
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:76.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Amount Fiscal Year 2024 (Expires 12/31/27)
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:left; vertical-align:top; width:2.00%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:18.80%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$<font style="padding-left:0.51pt"></font>224,465
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:76.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Amount Fiscal Year 2025 (Expires 12/31/28)
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:left; vertical-align:top; width:2.00%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:18.80%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$<font style="padding-left:2.01pt"></font>372,597
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3.5pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:2.62pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:76.90%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Total*
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:3.5pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:2.62pt; text-align:left; vertical-align:top; width:2.00%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3.5pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:2.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:18.80%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$881,184
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0;</div>
<div style="text-align:center">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto; margin-top:11pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:3pt; padding-top:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:2.87%">*
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:3pt; padding-top:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:98.28%">Amounts reported are due to expire throughout the respective 3-year expiration period presented above.
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:11pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">b.&#xa0;&#xa0;Fund Administration:</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">abrdn Inc., an affiliate of
the Adviser, is the Fund&#x2019;s Administrator, pursuant to an agreement under which abrdn Inc. receives a fee paid by the Fund, at an annual fee rate of 0.08% of the Fund&#x2019;s average monthly net assets. For the
fiscal year ended December 31, 2025, abrdn Inc. earned $222,073 from the Fund for administration services.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:11pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">c.&#xa0;&#xa0;Investor Relations:</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Under the terms of the
Investor Relations Services Agreement, abrdn Inc. provides and/or engages third parties to provide investor relations services to the Fund and certain other funds advised by the Adviser or its affiliates as part of an
Investor Relations Program. Under the Investor Relations Services Agreement, the Fund owes a portion of the fees related to the Investor Relations Program (the &#x201c;Fund&#x2019;s Portion&#x201d;). However, investor
relations services fees are limited by abrdn Inc. so</div>
</div>
<div style="float:right; overflow:hidden; position:relative; width:48.45%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">that the Fund will only pay up to an annual
rate of 0.05% of the Fund&#x2019;s average weekly net assets. Any difference between the capped rate of 0.05% of the Fund&#x2019;s average weekly net assets and the Fund&#x2019;s Portion is paid for by abrdn Inc.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">During the fiscal year ended
December 31, 2025, the Fund incurred investor relations fees of $74,890. For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025, abrdn Inc. did not contribute to the investor relations fees for the Fund because the Fund&#x2019;s
contribution was below 0.05% of the Fund&#x2019;s average weekly net assets on an annual basis.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:11pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:14pt; margin-top:11pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">4.&#xa0;&#xa0;Investment Transactions</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Purchases and sales of
investment securities (excluding short-term securities) for the fiscal year&#xa0;ended December 31, 2025, were $139,145,657 and $236,480,513, respectively.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:11pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:14pt; margin-top:11pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">5.&#xa0;&#xa0;Capital</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The authorized capital of
the Fund is 100 million shares of $0.001 par value per share of common stock. As of December 31, 2025, there were 40,601,423 shares of common stock issued and outstanding.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:11pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">a.&#xa0;&#xa0;Tender Offer:</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The Fund announced on
January 21, 2025, the commencement of a cash tender offer to purchase up to 10,150,355 shares, representing approximately 20% of the Fund's outstanding shares, at a price per share equal to 98% of the Fund's NAV per
share as determined by the Fund on the next business day immediately following the day the tender expires. The offer commenced at 12:01 am, January 21, 2025, and expired at 5:00 p.m. New York City time on February 20,
2025. In connection with the tender offer, the Fund purchased 10,150,355 shares for cash payment stock at a price equal to $6.07 per share. The tender offer was oversubscribed and all tenders of shares were subject to
pro ration (at a ratio of approximately 0.27624999) in accordance with the terms of the tender offer. &#xa0;Following the purchase of the properly tendered shares, the Fund had 40,601,423 outstanding shares.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:11pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:14pt; margin-top:11pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">6.&#xa0;&#xa0;Open Market Repurchase
Program</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The Board approved an open
market repurchase and discount management policy (the &#x201c;Program&#x201d;). The Program allows the Fund to purchase, in the open market, its outstanding common shares, with the amount and timing of any repurchase
determined at the discretion of the Fund&#x2019;s investment adviser. Such purchases may be made opportunistically at certain discounts to NAV per share in the reasonable judgment of management based on historical
discount levels and current market conditions. If shares are repurchased, the Fund reports repurchase activity on its website on a monthly basis.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">On a quarterly basis, the
Board will receive information on any transactions made pursuant to this policy during the prior quarter.</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="clear:both">&#xa0;
<div style="clear:both; padding-top:16.5pt; width:100%">
<div style="text-align:right">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-left:auto; margin-top:0pt; width:27.41%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:10pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:100%">abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc.
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:10pt; padding-left:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:13.51%">23
</td></tr></table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="clear:both; font-size:12pt; height:0pt">
</div>
<hr style="margin-bottom:0pt">
<div style="page-break-before:always; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:12pt"><p style="margin:0pt">&#xa0;</p></div>
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:18pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:21pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Notes to &#xa0;Financial Statements<font style="font-size:11pt; line-height:14pt">&#xa0;&#xa0;(continued)<br>
</font><font style="font-size:11pt; font-weight:Normal; line-height:14pt">December 31, 2025</font></div>
<hr style="background-color:#000000; border-bottom:0pt; border-left:0pt; border-right:0pt; border-top:0.5pt solid #000000; height:0.5pt; width:100%; text-align: Left;">
</div>
<div style="margin-top:16.5pt">
<div style="float:left; overflow:hidden; position:relative; width:48.45%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Under the terms of the Program, the Fund is
permitted to repurchase up to 10% of its outstanding shares of common stock in the open market during any 12 month period.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">For the fiscal year ended
December 31, 2025, the Fund did not repurchase any shares through this program.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:11pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:14pt; margin-top:11pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">7.&#xa0;&#xa0;Credit Facility</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">On June 16, 2025, the Fund
renewed its 364-day revolving credit facility for a 1-year period with The Bank of Nova Scotia with a committed facility of $40,000,000. Previously the committed facility amount was $50,000,000. The outstanding
balance on the loan as of December 31, 2025 was $27,000,000. During the current fiscal year ended December 31, 2025, the average daily balance outstanding and the average interest rate on the loan facility was
$32,498,630 and 5.31%, respectively. Under the terms of the Revolving Credit Facility and applicable regulations, the Fund is required to maintain certain asset coverage ratios for the amount of its outstanding
borrowings. The Board regularly reviews the use of leverage by the Fund. Under the Revolving Credit Facility, the Fund is charged interest on amounts borrowed at variable rate, which may be based on the Secured
Overnight Financing Rate plus a spread. The interest expense is accrued on a daily basis and is payable to The Bank of Nova Scotia on a monthly basis. The Fund is also charged a commitment fee on the daily unused
balance of the Revolving Credit Facility. The Fund uses leverage for investment purposes. In the event of a general market decrease in the value of assets in which the Fund invests, the effect of that decline will be
magnified in the Fund because of the additional assets purchased with the proceeds of the leverage. Non-recurring expenses in connection with the implementation of the loan facility will reduce the Fund&#x2019;s
performance.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The Fund&#x2019;s leveraged
capital structure creates special risks not associated with unleveraged funds having similar investment</div>
</div>
<div style="float:right; overflow:hidden; position:relative; width:48.45%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">objectives and policies. The funds borrowed
pursuant to the loan facility may constitute a substantial lien and burden by reason of their prior claim against the income of the Fund and against the net assets of the Fund in liquidation. The Fund is not permitted
to declare dividends or other distributions in the event of default under the loan facility. In the event of a default under the loan facility, the lenders have the right to cause a liquidation of the collateral
(i.e., sell portfolio securities and other assets of the Fund) and, if any such default is not cured, the lenders may be able to control the liquidation as well. A liquidation of the Fund&#x2019;s collateral assets in
an event of default, or a voluntary paydown of the loan facility in order to avoid an event of default, would typically involve administrative expenses and sometimes penalties. Additionally, such liquidations often
involve selling off of portions of the Fund&#x2019;s assets at inopportune times which can result in losses when markets are unfavorable. The loan facility has a one year term and is not a perpetual form of leverage;
there can be no assurance that the loan facility will be available for renewal on acceptable terms, if at all. Bank loan fees and expenses included in the Statement of Operations include fees for the loan facility as
well as commitment fees for any portion of the loan facility not drawn upon at any time during the period. During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025, the Fund incurred fees of approximately $26,417.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The credit agreement
governing the loan facility includes usual and customary covenants for this type of transaction. These covenants impose on the Fund asset coverage requirements, Fund composition requirements and limits on certain
investments, such as illiquid investments, which are more stringent than those imposed on the Fund by the 1940 Act. The covenants or guidelines could impede the Investment Adviser from fully managing the Fund&#x2019;s
portfolio in accordance with the Fund&#x2019;s investment objective and policies. Furthermore, non-compliance with such covenants or the occurrence of other events could lead to the cancellation of the loan
facility.</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="clear:both">&#xa0;
<div style="clear:both; padding-top:9.5pt; width:100%">
<div style="clear:both; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:11pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:14pt; margin-top:11pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">8.&#xa0;&#xa0;Private Equity
Investments</div>
<div style="clear:both; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Certain of the
Fund&#x2019;s investments, listed in the chart below, are restricted as to resale and are valued at NAV as a practical expedient.</div>
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:0pt; width:99.44%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4.5pt; padding-top:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:29.12%">Security
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:4.5pt; padding-right:4.5pt; padding-top:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:15.72%">Acquisition<br>
Date(s)
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:4.5pt; padding-right:4.5pt; padding-top:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:11.22%">Commitment
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:4.5pt; padding-right:4.5pt; padding-top:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.71%">Cost
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:4.5pt; padding-right:4.5pt; padding-top:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:15.37%">Fair<br>
Value at<br>
December 31, 2025
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:4.5pt; padding-right:4.5pt; padding-top:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:7.08%">Percent<br>
of Net<br>
Assets
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:4.5pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:10.95%">Cumulative<br>
Distributions<br>
Received
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4.5pt; padding-top:3.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:29.12%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">BPA Israel Ventures LLC<sup style="font-size:85%; font-style:Normal; text-transform:none">(a)</sup>
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:4.5pt; padding-right:4.5pt; padding-top:3.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:15.72%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">10/05/00-12/09/05
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:4.5pt; padding-right:4.5pt; padding-top:3.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:11.22%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$4,600,000
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:4.5pt; padding-right:4.5pt; padding-top:3.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:9.71%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$1,670,809
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:5.91pt; padding-right:4.5pt; padding-top:3.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:15.37%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$2,579
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:4.5pt; padding-right:4.5pt; padding-top:3.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:7.08%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">0.00
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:6.43pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:3.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:10.95%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$844,787
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:29.12%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Emerging Markets Ventures I LP<sup style="font-size:85%; font-style:Normal; text-transform:none">(a)</sup>
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:5.64pt; padding-right:4.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:15.72%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">01/22/98-01/10/06
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:7.71pt; padding-right:4.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:11.22%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">13,100,000
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:8.92pt; padding-right:4.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.71%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">3,935,953
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:9.93pt; padding-right:4.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:15.37%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">4,455
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:4.5pt; padding-right:4.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:7.08%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">0.00
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.62pt; padding-left:4.5pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.95%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">12,787,187
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:29.12%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Telesoft Partners II LP
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:5.39pt; padding-right:4.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:15.72%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">07/14/00-03/01/10
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:9.75pt; padding-right:4.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:11.22%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">2,400,000
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:16.90pt; padding-right:4.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:9.71%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">801,637
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:4.5pt; padding-right:4.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:15.37%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">23,808
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:5.85pt; padding-right:4.5pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:7.08%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">0.01
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:7.09pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.62pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.95%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">1,694,311
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<div style="clear:both; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:16pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Amounts listed as
 &#x201c;&#x2013;&#x201d; are $0 or round to $0.</div>
<div style="text-align:center">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto; margin-top:11pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:3pt; padding-top:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:2.47%">(a)
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:3pt; padding-top:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:98.09%">BPA Israel Ventures LLC has open commitments of $1,250,825. Emerging Markets Ventures I, L.P. has open commitments of $1,555,957. These investments are in
liquidation status, as indicated on the Portfolio of Investments. As such, future contributions are expected to be limited.
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<div style="clear:both; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The Fund may incur
certain costs in connection with the disposition of the above securities.</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="padding-top:24.5pt; width:100%">
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:0pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:10pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:3.15%">24
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:10pt; padding-left:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:97.41%">abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc.
</td></tr></table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="clear:both; font-size:12pt; height:0pt">
</div>
<hr style="margin-bottom:0pt">
<div style="page-break-before:always; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:12pt"><p style="margin:0pt">&#xa0;</p></div>
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:18pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:21pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Notes to &#xa0;Financial Statements<font style="font-size:11pt; line-height:14pt">&#xa0;&#xa0;(continued)<br>
</font><font style="font-size:11pt; font-weight:Normal; line-height:14pt">December 31, 2025</font></div>
<hr style="background-color:#000000; border-bottom:0pt; border-left:0pt; border-right:0pt; border-top:0.5pt solid #000000; height:0.5pt; width:100%; text-align: Left;">
</div>
<div style="margin-top:17.5pt; width:100%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:11pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:14pt; margin-top:11pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">9.&#xa0;&#xa0;Portfolio Investment
Risks</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:11pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">a.&#xa0;&#xa0;Equity Securities
Risk:</div>
</div>
<div style="margin-top:8.5pt">
<div style="float:left; overflow:hidden; position:relative; width:48.45%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The stock or other security of a company may
not perform as well as expected, and may decrease in value, because of factors related to the company (such as poorer than expected earnings or certain management decisions), to the industry in which the company is
engaged (such as a reduction in the demand for products or services in a particular industry) or to the market as a whole (such as periods of market volatility or instability, or general and prolonged periods of
economic decline). Holders of common stock generally are subject to more risks than holders of preferred stock or debt securities because the right to repayment of common shareholders' claims is subordinated to that
of preferred stock and debt securities upon the bankruptcy of the issuer.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:11pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">b.&#xa0;&#xa0;Illiquid Securities
Risk:</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Illiquid securities are
assets that the Fund reasonably expects cannot be sold or disposed of in current market conditions in seven calendar days or less without the sale or disposition significantly changing the market value of the asset.
An inability to sell a portfolio position can adversely affect the Fund&#x2019;s value or prevent the Fund from being able to take advantage of other investment opportunities. Illiquid securities are relatively less
liquid securities may also be difficult to value.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:11pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">c.&#xa0;&#xa0;Issuer Risk:</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The value of a security may
decline for reasons directly related to the issuer, such as management performance, financial leverage and reduced demand for the issuer's goods or services.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:11pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">d.&#xa0;&#xa0;Leverage Risk:</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The Fund may use leverage
to purchase securities. Increases and decreases in the value of the Fund's portfolio will be magnified when the Fund uses leverage. Certain investments or trading strategies that involve leverage can result in losses
that greatly exceed the amount originally invested.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:11pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">e.&#xa0;&#xa0;Management Risk:</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The Fund is subject to the
risk that the Adviser may make poor security selections. The Adviser and its portfolio managers apply their own investment techniques and risk analyses in making investment decisions for the Fund and there can be no
guarantee that these decisions will achieve the desired results for the Fund. In addition, the Adviser may select securities that underperform the relevant market or other funds with similar investment objectives and
strategies.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:11pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">f.&#xa0;&#xa0;Market Events Risk:</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Markets are affected by
numerous factors, including interest rates, the outlook for corporate profits, the health of the national and world economies, the fluctuation of other stock markets around the world,</div>
</div>
<div style="float:right; overflow:hidden; position:relative; width:48.45%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">and financial, economic and other global
market developments and disruptions, such as those arising from war, terrorism, market manipulation, government interventions, trading and tariff arrangements, defaults and shutdowns, political changes or diplomatic
developments, public health emergencies and natural/environmental disasters. Such events can negatively impact the securities markets and cause the Fund to lose value.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Policy and legislative
changes in countries around the world are affecting many aspects of financial regulation, and governmental and quasi-governmental authorities and regulators throughout the world have previously responded to serious
economic disruptions with a variety of significant fiscal and monetary policy changes.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The impact of these changes
on the markets, and the practical implications for market participants, may not be fully known for some time. In addition, economies and financial markets throughout the world are becoming increasingly interconnected.
As a result, whether or not the Fund invests in securities of issuers located in or with significant exposure to countries or sectors experiencing economic and financial difficulties, the value and liquidity of the
Fund&#x2019;s investments may be negatively affected by such events.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:11pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">g.&#xa0;&#xa0;Mid-Cap Securities
Risk:</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Securities of medium-sized
companies tend to be more volatile and less liquid than securities of larger companies.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:11pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">h.&#xa0;&#xa0;Non-U.S. Taxation
Risk:</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Income, proceeds and gains
received by the Fund from sources within foreign countries may be subject to withholding and other taxes imposed by such countries, which will reduce the return on those investments. Tax treaties between certain
countries and the United States may reduce or eliminate such taxes.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">If, at the close of its
taxable year, more than 50% of the value of the Fund&#x2019;s total assets consists of securities of foreign corporations, including for this purpose foreign governments, the Fund will be permitted to make an election
under the Code that will allow shareholders a deduction or credit for foreign taxes paid by the Fund. In such a case, shareholders will include in gross income from foreign sources their pro rata shares of such taxes.
A shareholder&#x2019;s ability to claim an offsetting foreign tax credit or deduction in respect of such foreign taxes is subject to certain limitations imposed by the Code, which may result in the shareholder&#x2019;s
not receiving a full credit or deduction (if any) for the amount of such taxes. Shareholders who do not itemize on their U.S. federal income tax returns may claim a credit (but not a deduction) for such foreign taxes.
If the Fund does not qualify for or chooses not to make such an election, shareholders will</div>
</div>
</div>
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<div style="clear:both; padding-top:18.5pt; width:100%">
<div style="text-align:right">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-left:auto; margin-top:0pt; width:27.41%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:10pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:100%">abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc.
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:10pt; padding-left:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:13.51%">25
</td></tr></table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="clear:both; font-size:12pt; height:0pt">
</div>
<hr style="margin-bottom:0pt">
<div style="page-break-before:always; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:12pt"><p style="margin:0pt">&#xa0;</p></div>
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:18pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:21pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Notes to &#xa0;Financial Statements<font style="font-size:11pt; line-height:14pt">&#xa0;&#xa0;(continued)<br>
</font><font style="font-size:11pt; font-weight:Normal; line-height:14pt">December 31, 2025</font></div>
<hr style="background-color:#000000; border-bottom:0pt; border-left:0pt; border-right:0pt; border-top:0.5pt solid #000000; height:0.5pt; width:100%; text-align: Left;">
</div>
<div style="margin-top:16.5pt">
<div style="float:left; overflow:hidden; position:relative; width:48.45%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">not be entitled separately to claim a credit
or deduction for U.S. federal income tax purposes with respect to foreign taxes paid by the Fund; in that case the foreign tax will nonetheless reduce the Fund&#x2019;s taxable income. Even if the Fund elects to pass
through to its shareholders foreign tax credits or deductions, tax-exempt shareholders and those who invest in the Fund through tax-advantaged accounts such as IRAs will not benefit from any such tax credit or
deduction.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:11pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">i.&#xa0;&#xa0;Risks Associated with
Foreign Securities and Currencies:</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Investments in securities
of foreign issuers carry certain risks not ordinarily associated with investments in securities of U.S. issuers. These risks include future political and economic developments, and the possible imposition of exchange
controls or other foreign governmental laws and restrictions. In addition, with respect to certain countries, there is the possibility of expropriation of assets, confiscatory taxation, and political or social
instability or diplomatic developments, which could adversely affect investments in those countries. Foreign securities&#xa0;may also be harder to price than U.S. securities.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Certain countries also may
impose substantial restrictions on investments in their capital markets by foreign entities, including restrictions on investments in issuers of industries deemed sensitive to relevant national interests. These
factors may limit the investment opportunities available and result in a lack of liquidity and high price volatility with respect to securities of issuers from developing countries.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The value of foreign
currencies relative to the U.S. Dollar fluctuates in response to market, economic, political, regulatory, geopolitical or other conditions. A decline in the value of a foreign currency versus the U.S. Dollar reduces
the value in U.S. Dollars of investments denominated in that foreign currency. This risk may impact the Fund more greatly to the extent the Fund does not hedge its currency risk, or hedging techniques used by the
Adviser are unsuccessful.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:11pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">j.&#xa0;&#xa0;Risks Associated with
Emerging Markets:</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The emerging countries'
securities markets are substantially smaller, less liquid and more volatile than the major securities markets in the United States. A high proportion of the securities of many companies in emerging countries may be
held by a limited number of persons, which may limit the number of securities available for investment by the Fund. The limited liquidity of emerging country securities markets may also affect the Fund's ability to
acquire or dispose of securities at the price and time it wishes to do so.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:11pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">k.&#xa0;&#xa0;Risks Associated with
Restricted Securities:</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The Fund, subject to local
investment limitations, may invest up to 30% of its assets (at the time of commitment) in illiquid equity securities, including securities of private equity funds (whether in corporate or partnership form) that invest
primarily in emerging</div>
</div>
<div style="float:right; overflow:hidden; position:relative; width:48.45%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">markets. When investing through another
investment fund, the Fund will bear its proportionate share of the expenses incurred by that underlying fund, including management fees. Such securities are expected to be illiquid and may involve a high degree of
business and financial risk and may result in substantial losses. Because of the current absence of any liquid trading market for these investments, the private equity funds may take longer to liquidate than would be
the case for publicly traded securities. Although these securities may be resold in privately negotiated transactions, the prices realized on such sales could be substantially less than those originally paid by the
Fund or the current carrying values and these differences could be material. Further, companies whose securities are not publicly traded may not be subject to the disclosures and other investor protection requirements
applicable to companies whose securities are publicly traded.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:11pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">l.&#xa0;&#xa0;Russia/Ukraine Risk:</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">In February 2022, Russia
commenced a military attack on Ukraine. The outbreak of hostilities between the two countries and the threat of wider spread hostilities could have a severe adverse effect on the region and global economies, including
significant negative impacts on the markets for certain securities and commodities, such as oil and natural gas. In addition, sanctions imposed on Russia by the United States and other countries, and any sanctions
imposed in the future, could have a significant adverse impact on the Russian economy and related markets. The price and liquidity of investments may fluctuate widely as a result of the conflict and related events.
How long the armed conflict and related events will last cannot be predicted. These tensions and any related events could have a significant impact on Fund performance and the value of the Fund's investments. As of
December 31, 2025, the Fund holds 2 Russian securities that are all valued at zero.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:11pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">m.&#xa0;&#xa0;Sector Risk:</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">To the extent that the Fund
has a significant portion of its assets invested in securities of companies conducting business in a broadly related group of industries within an economic sector, the Fund may be more vulnerable to unfavorable
developments in that economic sector than funds that invest more broadly.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:italic; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Information Technology Sector
Risk.<font style="font-style:Normal"> To the extent that the information technology sector represents a significant portion of the Fund, the Fund will be sensitive to changes in, and its performance may depend to a greater
extent on, factors impacting this sector. Information technology companies face intense competition, both domestically and internationally, which may have an adverse effect on their profit margins. Like other
technology companies, information technology companies may have limited product lines, markets, financial resources or personnel. The products of information technology companies may face obsolescence due to rapid
technological</font></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="clear:both">&#xa0;
<div style="clear:both; padding-top:17.5pt; width:100%">
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:0pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:10pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:3.15%">26
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:10pt; padding-left:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:97.41%">abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc.
</td></tr></table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="clear:both; font-size:12pt; height:0pt">
</div>
<hr style="margin-bottom:0pt">
<div style="page-break-before:always; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:12pt"><p style="margin:0pt">&#xa0;</p></div>
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:18pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:21pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Notes to &#xa0;Financial Statements<font style="font-size:11pt; line-height:14pt">&#xa0;&#xa0;(continued)<br>
</font><font style="font-size:11pt; font-weight:Normal; line-height:14pt">December 31, 2025</font></div>
<hr style="background-color:#000000; border-bottom:0pt; border-left:0pt; border-right:0pt; border-top:0.5pt solid #000000; height:0.5pt; width:100%; text-align: Left;">
</div>
<div style="margin-top:16.5pt">
<div style="float:left; overflow:hidden; position:relative; width:48.45%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">developments, frequent new product
introduction, unpredictable changes in growth rates and competition for the services of qualified personnel. Companies in the information technology sector are heavily dependent on patent and intellectual property
rights. The loss or impairment of these rights may adversely affect the profitability of these companies.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:italic; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Financial Sector Risk.<font style="font-style:Normal"> To the extent that the financial sector represents a significant portion of the Fund's investments, the Fund will be sensitive to changes in, and its performance may depend to a greater
extent on, factors impacting this sector. Performance of companies in the financials sector may be adversely impacted by many factors, including, among others, regulations, consolidation, financial innovation,
technological progress, economic conditions, credit rating downgrades, changes in interest rates, and decreased liquidity in credit markets. The impact of more stringent capital requirements, recent or future
regulation of any individual financial company, or recent or future regulation of the&#xa0;financials sector as a whole cannot be predicted. In recent years, cyber attacks and technology malfunctions and failures have
become increasingly frequent in this sector and have caused significant losses.</font></div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:11pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">n.&#xa0;&#xa0;Small-Cap Securities
Risk:</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Securities of smaller
companies are usually less stable in price and less liquid than those of larger, more established companies. Therefore, they generally involve greater risk.</div>
</div>
<div style="float:right; overflow:hidden; position:relative; width:48.45%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">o.&#xa0;&#xa0;Valuation Risk:</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The price that the Fund
could receive upon the sale of any particular portfolio investment may differ from the Fund's valuation of the investment, particularly for securities that trade in thin or volatile markets or that are valued using a
fair valuation methodology or a price provided by an independent pricing service. As a result, the price received upon the sale of an investment may be less than the value ascribed by the Fund, and the Fund could
realize a greater than expected loss or lower than expected gain upon the sale of the investment. The Fund's ability to value its investments may also be impacted by technological issues and/or errors by pricing
services or other third-party service providers.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:11pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:14pt; margin-top:11pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">10.&#xa0;&#xa0;Contingencies</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">In the normal course of
business, the Fund may provide general indemnifications pursuant to certain contracts and organizational documents. The Fund's maximum exposure under these arrangements is dependent on future claims that may be made
against the Fund, and therefore, cannot be estimated; however, the Fund expects the risk of loss from such claims to be remote.</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="clear:both">&#xa0;
<div style="clear:both; padding-top:9.5pt; width:100%">
<div style="clear:both; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:11pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:14pt; margin-top:11pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">11.&#xa0;&#xa0;Tax
Information</div>
<div style="clear:both; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The U.S. federal
income tax basis of the Fund's investments (including derivatives, if applicable) and the net unrealized appreciation as of December 31, 2025, were as follows:</div>
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:0pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12pt; padding-bottom:2pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:10.5pt; padding-top:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:19.65%">Tax Cost of<br>
Securities
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12pt; padding-bottom:2pt; padding-left:10.5pt; padding-right:10.5pt; padding-top:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:29.06%">Unrealized<br>
Appreciation
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12pt; padding-bottom:2pt; padding-left:10.5pt; padding-right:10.5pt; padding-top:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:28.96%">Unrealized<br>
Depreciation
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12pt; padding-bottom:2pt; padding-left:10.5pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:29.99%">Net<br>
Unrealized<br>
Appreciation/<br>
(Depreciation)
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:2pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:10.5pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:19.65%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$242,074,354
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:2pt; padding-left:10.5pt; padding-right:10.5pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:29.06%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$116,562,718
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:2pt; padding-left:10.5pt; padding-right:10.5pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:28.96%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$(12,106,446)
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:2pt; padding-left:10.5pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:29.99%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$104,456,272
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<div style="clear:both; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The tax character of
distributions paid during the fiscal years ended December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 was as follows:</div>
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:0pt; width:99.63%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; line-height:9pt; padding-bottom:2pt; padding-right:5pt; padding-top:3pt; text-align:left; vertical-align:bottom; width:67.96%">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12pt; padding-bottom:2pt; padding-left:5pt; padding-right:5pt; padding-top:3pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:15.52%">December 31, 2025
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12pt; padding-bottom:2pt; padding-left:5pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:3pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:15.58%">December 31, 2024
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:5pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:67.96%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Distributions paid from:
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-right:5pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:15.52%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:15.58%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:5pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:67.96%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Ordinary Income
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:5pt; padding-right:5pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:15.52%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$<font style="padding-left:9.41pt"></font>1,830,019
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:5pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:15.58%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$<font style="padding-left:14.49pt"></font>771,595
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:5pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:67.96%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Return of Capital
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:13.36pt; padding-right:5pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:15.52%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">24,560,907
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:12.15pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:15.58%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">19,021,599
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:2pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:5pt; padding-top:2.38pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:67.96%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Total tax character of distributions
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:2pt; padding-left:5pt; padding-right:5pt; padding-top:2.38pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:15.52%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$26,390,926
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:2pt; padding-left:5pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:2.38pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:15.58%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$19,793,194
</td></tr></table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="padding-top:124.5pt; width:100%">
<div style="text-align:right">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-left:auto; margin-top:0pt; width:27.41%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:10pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:100%">abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc.
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:10pt; padding-left:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:13.51%">27
</td></tr></table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="clear:both; font-size:12pt; height:0pt">
</div>
<hr style="margin-bottom:0pt">
<div style="page-break-before:always; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:12pt"><p style="margin:0pt">&#xa0;</p></div>
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:18pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:21pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Notes to &#xa0;Financial Statements<font style="font-size:11pt; line-height:14pt">&#xa0;&#xa0;(concluded)<br>
</font><font style="font-size:11pt; font-weight:Normal; line-height:14pt">December 31, 2025</font></div>
<hr style="background-color:#000000; border-bottom:0pt; border-left:0pt; border-right:0pt; border-top:0.5pt solid #000000; height:0.5pt; width:100%; text-align: Left;">
</div>
<div style="margin-top:16.5pt; width:100%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:9pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">As of December 31, 2025, the
components of accumulated earnings on a tax basis were as follows:</div>
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:0pt; width:98.89%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:3pt; padding-top:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:87.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Undistributed Ordinary Income
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:3pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:10.98%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$<font style="padding-left:44.27pt"></font>-
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:2pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:3pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:87.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Undistributed Long-Term Capital Gains
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:2pt; padding-left:52.23pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.98%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">-
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:2pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:3pt; padding-top:2.38pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:87.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Total undistributed earnings
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:2pt; padding-left:3pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:2.38pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:10.98%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$<font style="padding-left:44.27pt"></font>-
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:3pt; padding-top:2.38pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:87.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Accumulated Capital and Other Losses
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:3pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:2.38pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:10.98%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$<font style="padding-left:44.27pt"></font>-
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:3pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:87.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Capital loss carryforward
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:3pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:10.98%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$<font style="padding-left:3.12pt"></font>(89,122,679)*
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:3pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:87.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Other currency gains
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:52.23pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.98%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">-
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:3pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:87.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Other Temporary Differences
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:1.75pt; padding-left:52.23pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.98%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">-
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:2pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:3pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:87.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Unrealized Appreciation/(Depreciation)
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:2pt; padding-left:8.18pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:10.98%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">102,642,222**
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:2pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:3pt; padding-top:2.38pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:87.34%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Total accumulated earnings/(losses) &#x2013; net
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:2pt; padding-left:3pt; padding-right:12pt; padding-top:2.38pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:10.98%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$<font style="padding-left:3.02pt"></font>13,519,543
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:16pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Amounts listed as
 &#x201c;&#x2013;&#x201d; are $0 or round to $0.</div>
<div style="text-align:center">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto; margin-top:11pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:3pt; padding-top:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:1.39%">*
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:3pt; padding-top:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:99.17%">On December 31, 2025, the Fund had a net capital loss carryforward of $(89,122,679) which will be available to offset like amounts of any future taxable gains. The
Fund is permitted to carry forward capital losses for an unlimited period, and capital losses that are carried forward will retain their character as either short-term or long-term capital losses. The breakdown of
capital&#xa0;loss carryforwards are as follows:
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0;</div>
<div style="text-align:right">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-left:auto; margin-top:0pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12pt; padding-bottom:2pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:13.5pt; padding-top:5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:44.80%">Amounts
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12pt; padding-bottom:2pt; padding-left:13.5pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:88.80%">Expires
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:2pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:13.5pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:44.80%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$<font style="padding-left:1.48pt"></font>29,122,883
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:2pt; padding-left:13.5pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:88.80%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Unlimited (Short&#x2014;Term)
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:2pt; padding-left:10.97pt; padding-right:13.5pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:44.80%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">59,999,796
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:2pt; padding-left:13.5pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:88.80%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Unlimited (Long&#x2014;Term)
</td></tr></table>
</div>
</div>
<div style="margin-top:18.5pt">
<div style="float:left; overflow:hidden; position:relative; width:48.45%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">**The difference between book-basis and
tax-basis unrealized appreciation/(depreciation) is attributable to tax deferral of wash sales, passive foreign investment company gain/(loss) and partnership adjustments.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">U.S.&#xa0;GAAP requires that
certain components of net assets be adjusted to reflect permanent differences between financial and tax reporting. Accordingly, the table below details the necessary reclassifications, which are a result of permanent
differences primarily attributable to prior year post-financial statement adjsutments. These reclassifications have no effect on net assets or NAVs per share.</div>
<div style="text-align:right">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-left:auto; margin-top:0pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12pt; padding-bottom:2pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:13.5pt; padding-top:5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:43.15%">Paid-in<br>
Capital
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12pt; padding-bottom:2pt; padding-left:13.5pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:83.96%">Distributable<br>
Earnings/<br>
(Accumulated<br>
Loss)
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:2pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:13.5pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:43.15%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$(5,685)
</td><td style="border-bottom:1pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:2pt; padding-left:13.5pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:2.5pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:83.96%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">$5,685
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:11pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:14pt; margin-top:11pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">12.&#xa0;&#xa0;Segment Reporting</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Operating segments are
components of a public entity that engage in business activities from which it may recognize revenues and incur expenses, have discrete financial information available, and have their operating results regularly
reviewed by the public entity&#x2019;s chief operating decision maker (&#x201c;CODM&#x201d;) when assessing segment performance and making decisions about segment resources. The Chief Financial Officer of the Fund acts
as the Fund's CODM. The CODM monitors the operating results of the Fund as a whole, and the Fund's asset allocation is managed in accordance with its Prospectus.</div>
</div>
<div style="float:right; overflow:hidden; position:relative; width:48.45%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The Fund operates as a single operating and
reporting segment pursuant to its investment objective and principal investment strategy. The Fund's portfolio composition, total returns, expense ratios and changes in net assets used by the CODM to assess segment
performance and make resource allocations are consistent with the information presented within the Fund's financial statements. Segment assets are reflected on the Fund's Statement of Assets and Liabilities as
 &#x201c;Total Assets&#x201d; and significant segment expenses are listed on the Statement of Operations.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:11pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:14pt; margin-top:11pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">13.&#xa0;&#xa0;Recent Accounting
Pronouncements</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">In December 2023, the FASB
issued Accounting Standards Update 2023-09 (&#x201c;ASU 2023-09&#x201d;), Income Taxes (Topic 740) Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which amends quantitative and qualitative income tax disclosure requirements in
order to increase disclosure consistency, bifurcate income tax information by jurisdiction and remove information that is no longer beneficial. The Fund has adopted ASU 2023-09 as of December 31, 2025 with no material
impact on the Fund&#x2019;s financial statements.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:11pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:14pt; margin-top:11pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">14.&#xa0;&#xa0;Subsequent Events</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Management has evaluated
the need for disclosures and/or adjustments resulting from subsequent events through the date the financial statements were issued. Based on this evaluation, no disclosures and/or adjustments were required to the
financial statements as of December 31, 2025.&#xa0;</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="clear:both">&#xa0;
<div style="clear:both; padding-top:29.5pt; width:100%">
<div style="text-align:left">
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<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:10pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:3.15%">28
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:10pt; padding-left:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:97.41%">abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc.
</td></tr></table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
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</div>
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<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:18pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:21pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting
Firm<font style="font-size:11pt; line-height:14pt">&#xa0;&#xa0;</font></div>
</div>
<div style="margin-top:13pt; width:100%">
<hr style="background-color:#000000; border-bottom:0pt; border-left:0pt; border-right:0pt; border-top:0.5pt solid #000000; height:0.5pt; width:100%; text-align: Left;">
</div>
<div style="margin-top:24.5pt; width:100%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">To&#xa0;the&#xa0;
Shareholders&#xa0;and&#xa0;Board&#xa0;of&#xa0;Directors<br>
abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc.:</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:italic; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Opinion on the Financial
Statements</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">We have audited the
accompanying statement of assets and liabilities of abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc. (the Fund), including the portfolio of investments, as of December 31, 2025, the related statements of operations and cash
flows for the year then ended, the statements of changes in net assets for each of the years in the two-year period then ended, and the related notes (collectively, the financial statements) and the financial
highlights for each of the years in the five-year period then ended. In our opinion, the financial statements and financial highlights present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Fund as of
December 31, 2025, the results of its operations and its cash flows for the year then ended, the changes in its net assets for each of the years in the two-year period then ended, and the financial highlights for each
of the years in the five-year period then ended, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:italic; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Basis for Opinion</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">These financial statements
and financial highlights are the responsibility of the Fund's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements and financial highlights based on our audits. We are a public
accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Fund in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and
the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:12pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">We conducted our audits in
accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements and financial highlights are free of
material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements and financial highlights, whether due to error
or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements and financial
highlights. Such procedures also included confirmation of securities owned as of December 31, 2025, by correspondence with the custodian and general partners/managers of underlying investments; when replies were not
received from general partners/managers of underlying investments, we performed other auditing procedures. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by
management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements and financial highlights. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.&#xa0;</div>
<div style="margin-left:40.19%; margin-top:9pt; text-align:Center; width:19.63%">
<img src="tm262592d1sari004.jpg" alt=" ">
</div>


<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">We have served as the auditor
of one or more abrdn investment companies since 2009.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Columbus, Ohio<br>
February 27, 2026&#xa0;</div>
</div>
<div style="margin-top:228pt; width:100%">
<div style="text-align:right">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-left:auto; margin-top:0pt; width:27.41%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:10pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:100%">abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc.
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:10pt; padding-left:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:13.51%">29
</td></tr></table>
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</div>
<div style="clear:both; font-size:12pt; height:0pt">
</div>
<hr style="margin-bottom:0pt">
<div style="page-break-before:always; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:12pt"><p style="margin:0pt">&#xa0;</p></div>
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:18pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:21pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Federal Tax Information: Dividends and
Distributions&#xa0;<font style="font-size:11pt; line-height:14pt"> (Unaudited)&#xa0;</font></div>
</div>
<div style="margin-top:8pt; width:100%">
<hr style="background-color:#000000; border-bottom:0pt; border-left:0pt; border-right:0pt; border-top:0.5pt solid #000000; height:0.5pt; width:100%; text-align: Left;">
</div>
<div style="margin-top:21.5pt; width:100%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:11pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:14pt; margin-top:6.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Designation Requirements</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:8pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Of the distributions paid by the
Fund from ordinary income for the year ended December 31, 2025, the following percentages met the requirements to be treated as qualifying for the corporate dividends received deduction and qualified dividend income,
respectively.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:8pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Dividends Received Deduction
1.95%</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:8pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Qualified Dividend Income
54.43%</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:8pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The above amounts are based on
the best available information at this time. In early 2026, the Fund notified applicable shareholders of final amounts for use in preparing 2025 U.S. federal income tax forms.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:8pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">For the fiscal year ended
December 31, 2025, the Fund intends to pass through to its shareholders the following amounts, or maximum amounts allowable by law, of foreign source income earned and foreign taxes paid of $0 and $2,612,276,
respectively.&#xa0;</div>
</div>
<div style="margin-top:519pt; width:100%">
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:0pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:10pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:3.15%">30
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:10pt; padding-left:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:97.41%">abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc.
</td></tr></table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
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</div>
<hr style="margin-bottom:0pt">
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<div style="width:100%">
<div style="width:92.99%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:18pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:21pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Additional Information Regarding the
Fund&#xa0;<font style="font-size:11pt; line-height:14pt">(Unaudited) &#xa0;</font></div>
</div>
<div style="margin-top:6pt; width:92.99%">
<hr style="background-color:#000000; border-bottom:0pt; border-left:0pt; border-right:0pt; border-top:0.5pt solid #000000; height:0.5pt; width:100%; text-align: Left;">
</div>
<div style="margin-top:21.5pt">
<div style="float:left; overflow:hidden; position:relative; width:46.98%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:11pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:14pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">RECENT CHANGES</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:italic; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The following information is
a summary of certain changes during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025. This information may not reflect all of the changes that have occurred since you purchased the Fund.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">During the applicable period,
there have been: (i) no material changes to the Fund&#x2019;s investment objective and policies that constitute its principal portfolio emphasis that have not been approved by shareholders; (ii) no material changes to
the Fund&#x2019;s principal risks; and (iii) no changes to the Fund&#x2019;s charter or by-laws that would delay or prevent a change of control that have not been approved by shareholders; <font style="font-style:italic; font-weight:bold">except as follows</font>:</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:italic; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Fund Name Change and Changes to
Non-Fundamental Investment Policy</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">As previously announced, on
December 10, 2024, the Fund&#x2019;s Board approved a change in the name of the Fund from abrdn Emerging Markets Equity Income Fund, Inc. to the abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc., and corresponding changes to
the Fund&#x2019;s investment policies, including its 80% investment policy, as set forth below, each such change effective February 24, 2025 (the &#x201c;Effective Date&#x201d;).</div>
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:0pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; line-height:9pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:6pt; text-align:center; vertical-align:bottom; width:30.81%">&#xa0;
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:7.5pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:6pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:33.72%">Previous
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:7.5pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:6pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:33.72%">New
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:2.62pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:30.81%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Fund Name
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:7.5pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:2.62pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:33.72%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">abrdn Emerging Markets Equity Income Fund, Inc.
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:7.5pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:2.62pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:33.72%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc.
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:30.81%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">80% Investment Policy
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:7.5pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:33.72%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">The Fund invests at least 80% of its net assets (plus any borrowings for investment purposes) in emerging markets equity securities.
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:7.5pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:33.72%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Under normal circumstances, the Fund invests at least 80% of its net assets (plus any borrowings for investment purposes) in emerging markets
(excluding China) equity securities.
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:5pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:30.81%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Benchmark
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:5pt; padding-left:7.5pt; padding-right:7.5pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:33.72%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">MSCI Emerging Markets Index (Net Daily Total Return)
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:5pt; padding-left:7.5pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:1.75pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:33.72%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">MSCI Emerging Markets ex-China Index (Net Daily Total Return)
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:11pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:14pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE, STRATEGIES AND
POLICIES</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:italic; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Investment Objective. <font style="font-style:Normal">The Fund seeks to provide both current income and long-term capital appreciation. The Fund&#x2019;s investment objective is not fundamental, and may be changed by the Fund&#x2019;s Board
without shareholder approval.</font></div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:italic; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Principal Investment
Strategy. <font style="font-style:Normal">Under normal circumstances, the Fund invests at least 80% of its net assets (plus any borrowings for investment purposes) in emerging markets (excluding China) equity</font></div>
</div>
<div style="float:right; overflow:hidden; position:relative; width:46.98%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">securities. If the Fund&#x2019;s Board elects to
change this 80% policy, the Fund will provide shareholders with at least 60 days&#x2019; prior notice.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">An emerging market (excluding
China) country is any country included within the MSCI Emerging Markets ex-China Index or determined to be eligible for inclusion in the MSCI Emerging Markets ex-China Index.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The definition of equity
securities includes:</div>
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:5pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:5.81%">&#x2022;
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:94.19%">common stock and preferred stock (including convertible preferred stock),
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:5.81%">&#x2022;
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:94.19%">stock purchase warrants and rights,
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:5.81%">&#x2022;
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:94.19%">equity interests in trusts and partnerships, and
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:5.81%">&#x2022;
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:94.19%">American, Global or other types of Depositary Receipts of emerging market securities
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Emerging market (excluding
China) securities include securities that are issued by companies or other issuers that Fund management determines meet one or more of the following criteria:</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">(i) the company is organized
under the laws of an emerging market (excluding China) country,</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">(ii)&#xa0; the company has its
principal office in, or management is located in, an emerging market (excluding China) country, and/or</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">(iii) the company has its
principal&#xa0; securities&#xa0; trading&#xa0; market&#xa0; in an emerging market (excluding China) country.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The Fund may also invest
without limit in those markets deemed by the Investment Adviser to be &#x201c;Frontier&#x201d; markets, which are investable markets with lower total market capitalizations and liquidity than the more developed emerging
markets.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">From time to time, the Fund
may have a significant amount of assets invested in securities of issuers of a single country or of a number of countries in a particular geographic region and therefore may be subject to a greater extent to risks
associated therewith. The Fund currently anticipates that it may invest a significant amount of its assets in India, Taiwan and South Korea.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The Fund uses leverage as
part of its investment strategy through senior securities representing indebtedness. The Fund may use leverage through senior securities representing indebtedness up to 33 1/3% of its total assets (including the
amount obtained through leverage), although the Investment Adviser currently intends to utilize leverage generally in the amount of 5% &#x2013; 15% of the Fund&#x2019;s total assets and does not currently expect such
leverage to actively exceed 20% of total assets. The Fund is permitted to engage in other transactions, such as reverse repurchase agreements and issuance of debt securities or preferred securities, which have the
effect of leverage.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The Fund may invest in
securities of any market capitalization. In selecting companies for investment by the Fund, the Investment</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="clear:both">&#xa0;
<div style="clear:both; padding-top:12.5pt; width:100%">
<div style="text-align:right">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-left:auto; margin-top:0pt; width:26.81%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:10pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:100%">abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc.
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:10pt; padding-left:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:13.51%">31
</td></tr></table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="clear:both; font-size:12pt; height:0pt">
</div>
<hr style="margin-bottom:0pt">
<div style="page-break-before:always; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:12pt"><p style="margin:0pt">&#xa0;</p></div>
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="width:92.99%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:18pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:21pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Additional Information Regarding the
Fund&#xa0;<font style="font-size:11pt; line-height:14pt">(Unaudited) &#xa0;&#xa0;(continued)</font></div>
</div>
<div style="margin-top:6pt; width:92.99%">
<hr style="background-color:#000000; border-bottom:0pt; border-left:0pt; border-right:0pt; border-top:0.5pt solid #000000; height:0.5pt; width:100%; text-align: Left;">
</div>
<div style="margin-top:21.5pt">
<div style="float:left; overflow:hidden; position:relative; width:46.98%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Adviser will consider factors such as
overall growth prospects, competitive positions in domestic and export markets, technology, research and development, productivity, labor costs, raw material costs and sources, profit margins, return on investment,
capital resources, government regulation and management.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The Fund will not invest 25%
or more of its total assets in the securities of companies in the same industry, although the Fund may invest in U.S. government securities without regard to this limitation. This policy may only be changed upon the
affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the Fund&#x2019;s outstanding voting securities. The Adviser will define industries according to any one or more widely recognized third-party industry classification
systems and may otherwise define industries consistent with applicable law and SEC guidance. Third-party industry classification systems may include the Bloomberg Industry Classification Standard (BICS), the Standard
and Poor&#x2019;s Global Industry Classification Standard (GICS) and Barclays Live.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Although the Fund will not
invest 25% of more of its total assets in the securities of companies in the same industry, the Fund may invest in securities of any market sector and may hold a significant amount of securities of companies, from
time to time, within a single sector. Currently, the Fund expects to be heavily exposed to the financial and information technology sectors.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The Fund may invest up to 30%
of its total assets in private placements of equity securities. Securities that are not publicly traded in the United States but that can be sold to &#x201c;qualified institutional buyers&#x201d; pursuant to Rule 144A
under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the &#x201c;1933 Act&#x201d;), will not be subject to these percentage limitations if these securities are deemed liquid pursuant to procedures adopted by the Fund&#x2019;s
Board and delegated to the Investment Adviser. Rule 144A Securities (defined below) and Regulation S Securities (defined below) may be freely traded among certain qualified institutional investors, such as the Fund,
but their resale in the U.S. is permitted only in limited circumstances.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">To the extent its assets are not
invested as described above, the Fund may invest the remainder of its assets in:</div>
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:5pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:5.81%">&#x2022;
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:2pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:94.19%">debt securities denominated in the currency of an emerging country or issued or guaranteed by an emerging country company or the government of an emerging country,
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:2pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:5.81%">&#x2022;
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:94.19%">equity or debt securities of corporate or governmental issuers located in developed countries, and
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:2pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:5.81%">&#x2022;
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:94.19%">short-term and medium-term debt securities of the type described below under &#x201c;Temporary Investments.&#x201d;
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The Fund&#x2019;s assets may
be invested in debt securities when the Investment Adviser believes that, based upon factors such as relative interest rate levels and foreign exchange rates, such debt securities</div>
</div>
<div style="float:right; overflow:hidden; position:relative; width:46.98%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">offer opportunities to provide both current
income and long-term capital appreciation.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The Fund may invest in debt
securities that are rated no lower than A-2 by Standard &amp; Poor&#x2019;s Rating Group or P-2 by Moody&#x2019;s Investor Services comparably rated by another nationally recognized statistical rating organization
(&#x201c;NRSRO&#x201d;), or, if unrated, determined by the Investment Adviser to be of comparable credit quality). In the event that a security receives different ratings from different NRSROs, the Investment Adviser
will treat the security as being rated in the lowest rating category received from an NRSRO.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">For cash management purposes,
the Fund may invest up to 25% of its net assets in certain short-term investments described below and, for temporary defensive purposes, may invest up to 100% of its assets in those short-term instruments.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The Fund&#x2019;s income
distributions are supplemented by realized capital gains and, to the extent necessary, paid-in capital, which is a nontaxable return of capital.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">In seeking to achieve the
Fund&#x2019;s investment objective, the Investment Adviser invests in quality companies and is an active, engaged owner. The Investment Adviser evaluates every company against quality criteria and builds conviction
using a team-based approach and peer review process. The quality assessment covers five key factors: (1) durability of the business model, (2) the attractiveness of the industry, (3) the strength of financials, (4)
the capability of management, and (5) the most material Environmental, Social and Governance (&#x201c;ESG&#x201d;) factors impacting a company.&#xa0;Not every ESG factor may be identified or evaluated for every
investment. ESG characteristics are not the only factors considered and, as a result, the issuers in which the Fund invests may not be issuers with favorable ESG characteristics or high ESG ratings. As ESG information
is just one investment consideration, ESG considerations generally are not solely determinative in any investment decision made by the Investment Adviser.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Through fundamental research,
supported by a global research presence and proprietary tools, the Investment Adviser seeks to identify companies whose quality is not yet fully recognized by the market.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The Investment Adviser may
sell a security when it perceives that a company&#x2019;s business direction or growth potential has changed or the company&#x2019;s valuations no longer offer attractive relative value.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Additionally, the Investment
Adviser may seek to enhance the yield of the Fund&#x2019;s common stock by leveraging the Fund&#x2019;s capital structure through the borrowing of money, or potentially the issuance of short term debt securities or
shares of preferred stock. The use of leverage also involves certain expenses and risk considerations. See &#x201c;Risk</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="clear:both">&#xa0;
<div style="clear:both; padding-top:26.5pt; width:100%">
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:0pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:10pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:3.08%">32
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:10pt; padding-left:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:97.46%">abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc.
</td></tr></table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="clear:both; font-size:12pt; height:0pt">
</div>
<hr style="margin-bottom:0pt">
<div style="page-break-before:always; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:12pt"><p style="margin:0pt">&#xa0;</p></div>
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="width:92.99%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:18pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:21pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Additional Information Regarding the
Fund&#xa0;<font style="font-size:11pt; line-height:14pt">(Unaudited) &#xa0;&#xa0;(continued)</font></div>
</div>
<div style="margin-top:6pt; width:92.99%">
<hr style="background-color:#000000; border-bottom:0pt; border-left:0pt; border-right:0pt; border-top:0.5pt solid #000000; height:0.5pt; width:100%; text-align: Left;">
</div>
<div style="margin-top:21.5pt">
<div style="float:left; overflow:hidden; position:relative; width:46.98%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Factors &#x2013; Leverage Risk&#x201d; and
 &#x201c;Additional Investment Policies &#x2013; Leverage&#x201d; in this section.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">In rendering investment
advisory services, the Investment Adviser may use the resources of subsidiaries owned by abrdn plc. The abrdn plc affiliates have entered into a memorandum of understanding (MOU) and have adopted personnel sharing
procedures, pursuant to which investment professionals from the abrdn plc affiliates may render portfolio management, research and/or trade services to U.S. clients of the Investment Adviser. As such, in addition to
their own extensive resource and experience, the Fund&#x2019;s portfolio management team can draw on the full global investment resources of abrdn plc.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:italic; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Temporary Investments.<font style="font-style:Normal"> During periods in which the Investment Adviser believes changes in economic, financial or political conditions make it advisable, the Fund may for temporary defensive purposes reduce its
holdings in equity and other securities and invest in certain short-term (less than twelve months to maturity) and medium-term (not greater than five years to maturity) debt securities or hold cash. Temporary
defensive positions may affect the Fund&#x2019;s ability to achieve its investment objective.</font></div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The Fund may invest in the
following short-term instruments:</div>
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:5pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:5.81%">&#x2022;
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:2pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:94.19%">obligations of the U.S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities (including repurchase agreements with respect to these securities),
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:2pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:5.81%">&#x2022;
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:2pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:94.19%">bank obligations (including certificates of deposit, time deposits and bankers&#x2019; acceptances) of U.S. banks and foreign banks denominated in any currency,
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:1pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:5.81%">&#x2022;
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:2pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:94.19%">floating rate securities and other instruments denominated in any currency issued by international development agencies, banks and other financial institutions, governments and their agencies and
instrumentalities, and corporations located in countries that are members of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development,
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:1pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:5.81%">&#x2022;
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:2pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:94.19%">obligations of S. corporations that are rated no lower than A-2 by Standard &amp; Poor&#x2019;s Rating Group or P-2 by Moody&#x2019;s Investor Services or the equivalent by another rating service or, if
unrated, deemed to be of equivalent quality by the Investment Adviser, and
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:2pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:5.81%">&#x2022;
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:94.19%">shares of money market funds that are authorized to invest in short-term instruments described above.
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:italic; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Currency Transactions.<font style="font-style:Normal"> The Investment Adviser generally does not seek to hedge against declines in the value of the Fund&#x2019;s non-U.S. dollar-denominated portfolio securities resulting from currency
devaluations or fluctuations. If suitable hedging instruments are available on a timely basis and on acceptable terms, the Investment Adviser may, in its discretion, hedge all or part of the value of the Fund&#x2019;s
non-U.S. dollar-denominated portfolio securities, although it is not obligated to do so. The Fund will be subject to the risk of changes in value of the currencies of the emerging countries in which its assets are
denominated, unless it engages in hedging transactions.</font></div>
</div>
<div style="float:right; overflow:hidden; position:relative; width:46.98%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:italic; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Depositary Receipts.<font style="font-style:Normal"> The Fund may invest indirectly in securities of emerging markets country issuers through sponsored or unsponsored American Depositary Receipts (&#x201c;ADRs&#x201d;), Global Depositary
Receipts (&#x201c;GDRs&#x201d;) and other types of Depositary Receipts. Depositary Receipts may not necessarily be denominated in the same currency as the underlying securities into which they may be converted. In
addition, the issuers of the stock of unsponsored Depositary Receipts are not obligated to disclose material information in the United States and, therefore, there may not be a correlation between such information and
the market value of the Depositary Receipts. ADRs are Depositary Receipts typically issued by a U.S. bank or trust company which evidence ownership of underlying securities issued by a foreign corporation. GDRs and
other types of Depositary Receipts are typically issued by foreign banks or trust companies, although they also may be issued by U.S. banks or trust companies, and evidence ownership of underlying securities issued by
either a foreign or a U.S. corporation. Generally, Depositary Receipts in registered form are designed for use in the U.S. securities markets and Depositary Receipts in bearer form are designed for use in securities
markets outside the United States. For purposes of the Fund&#x2019;s investment policies, the Fund&#x2019;s investments in ADRs, GDRs and other types of Depositary Receipts will be deemed to be investments in the
underlying securities.</font></div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:italic; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Portfolio Turnover
Rate.<font style="font-style:Normal"> The Fund does not engage in the trading of securities for the purpose of realizing short-term profits, but adjusts its portfolio as it deems advisable in view of prevailing or anticipated
market conditions to accomplish its investment objective.</font></div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:italic; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Loans of Portfolio
Securities.<font style="font-style:Normal"> The Fund&#x2019;s investment policies permit the Fund to enter into securities lending agreements. Under such agreements, the Fund may lend to borrowers (primarily banks and broker-dealers)
portfolio securities with an aggregate market value of up to one-third of the Fund&#x2019;s total assets when it deems advisable. Any such loans must be secured by collateral (consisting of any combination of cash,
U.S. government securities, irrevocable bank letters of credit or other high quality debt securities) in an amount at least equal, on a daily marked-to-market basis, to the current market value of the securities
loaned. If the Fund enters into a securities lending arrangement, it is expected that cash collateral will be invested by the lending agent in short-term instruments, money market mutual funds or other collective
investment funds, and income from these investments will be allocated among the Fund, the borrower and the lending agent. The Fund may terminate a loan after such notice period as is provided for the particular loan.
The Fund would receive from the borrower amounts equivalent to any cash payments of interest, dividends and other distributions with respect to the loaned securities, although the tax treatment of such payments may
differ from the treatment of distributions paid directly by the</font></div>
</div>
</div>
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<div style="text-align:right">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-left:auto; margin-top:0pt; width:26.81%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:10pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:100%">abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc.
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:10pt; padding-left:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:13.51%">33
</td></tr></table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="clear:both; font-size:12pt; height:0pt">
</div>
<hr style="margin-bottom:0pt">
<div style="page-break-before:always; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:12pt"><p style="margin:0pt">&#xa0;</p></div>
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="width:92.99%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:18pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:21pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Additional Information Regarding the
Fund&#xa0;<font style="font-size:11pt; line-height:14pt">(Unaudited) &#xa0;&#xa0;(continued)</font></div>
</div>
<div style="margin-top:6pt; width:92.99%">
<hr style="background-color:#000000; border-bottom:0pt; border-left:0pt; border-right:0pt; border-top:0.5pt solid #000000; height:0.5pt; width:100%; text-align: Left;">
</div>
<div style="margin-top:21.5pt">
<div style="float:left; overflow:hidden; position:relative; width:46.98%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">issuer to the Fund. The Fund would also have
the option to require non-cash distributions on the loaned securities to be credited to its account.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">An investment in the Fund may
be speculative in that it involves a high degree of risk and should not constitute a complete investment program. See &#x201c;Risk Factors.&#x201d;</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:11pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:14pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Portfolio of Investments</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The Fund may invest in, among
other things, the types of instruments described below:</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Common Stock</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Common stock is issued by
companies to raise cash for business purposes and represents a proportionate interest in the issuing companies. Therefore, the Fund participates in the success or failure of any company in which it holds stock. The
market value of common stock can fluctuate significantly, reflecting the business performance of the issuing company, investor perception and general economic or financial market movements. Smaller companies are
especially sensitive to these factors and may even become valueless. Despite the risk of price volatility, however, common stocks also offer a greater potential for gain on investment, compared to other classes of
financial assets such as bonds or cash equivalents. The Fund may also receive common stock as proceeds from a defaulted debt security held by the Fund or from a convertible bond converting to common stock. In such
situations, the Fund will hold the common stock at the Investment Adviser&#x2019;s discretion.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Convertible Securities</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Convertible securities are
generally debt securities or preferred stocks that may be converted into common stock. Convertible securities typically pay current income as either interest (debt security convertibles) or dividends (preferred
stocks). A convertible security&#x2019;s value usually reflects both the stream of current income payments and the value of the underlying common stock. The market value of a convertible security performs like that of
a regular debt security; that is, if market interest rates rise, the value of a convertible security usually falls. Since it is convertible into common stock, the convertible security also has the same types of market
and issuer risk as the underlying common stock. A convertible debt security is not counted as an equity security for purposes of the Fund&#x2019;s 80% policy.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Illiquid Securities</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Illiquid securities are
assets which may not be sold or disposed of in the ordinary course of business within seven days at approximately the price at which a fund has valued the investment on its books and may include such securities as
those not registered under. U.S. securities laws or securities that cannot be sold in public transactions.</div>
</div>
<div style="float:right; overflow:hidden; position:relative; width:46.98%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Preferred Stock</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Preferred stock is a class of
stock that often pays dividends at a specified rate and has preference over common stock in dividend payments and liquidation of assets. Preferred stock may be convertible into common stock.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Private Placements and Other
Restricted Securities</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Private placement and other
restricted securities include securities that have been privately placed and are not registered under the 1933 Act, such as unregistered securities eligible for resale without registration pursuant to Rule 144A
(&#x201c;Rule 144A Securities&#x201d;) and privately placed securities of U.S. and non-U.S. issuers offered outside of the U.S. without registration with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to
Regulation S (&#x201c;Regulation S Securities&#x201d;).</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Private placement securities
typically may be sold only to qualified institutional buyers (or, in the case of the initial sale of certain securities, such as those issued in collateralized debt obligations or collateralized loan obligations, to
accredited investors (as defined in Rule 501(a) under the 1933 Act)), or in a privately negotiated transaction or to a limited number of purchasers, or in limited quantities after they have been held for a specified
period of time and other conditions are met pursuant to an exemption from registration. Rule 144A Securities and Regulation S Securities may be freely traded among certain qualified institutional investors, such as
the Fund, but their resale in the U.S. is permitted only in limited circumstances.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Private placements typically
are subject to restrictions on resale as a matter of contract or under federal securities laws. Because there may be relatively few potential purchasers for such securities, especially under adverse market or economic
conditions or in the event of adverse changes in the financial condition of the issuer, the Fund could find it more difficult to sell such securities when it may be advisable to do so or it may be able to sell such
securities only at prices lower than if such securities were more widely held. At times, it also may be more difficult to determine the fair value of such securities for purposes of computing the Fund&#x2019;s net
asset value due to the absence of a trading market.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Private placements and
restricted securities may be considered illiquid securities, which could have the effect of increasing the level of the Fund&#x2019;s illiquidity. Additionally, a restricted security that was liquid at the time of
purchase may subsequently become illiquid.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Rights Issues and Warrants</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Rights issues give the right,
to existing shareholders, to buy a proportional number of additional securities at a given price (generally at a discount) within a fixed period (generally on a short term period) and are offered at the
company&#x2019;s discretion. Warrants are securities that give the holder the right to buy common stock at a</div>
</div>
</div>
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<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:0pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:10pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:3.08%">34
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:10pt; padding-left:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:97.46%">abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc.
</td></tr></table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="clear:both; font-size:12pt; height:0pt">
</div>
<hr style="margin-bottom:0pt">
<div style="page-break-before:always; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:12pt"><p style="margin:0pt">&#xa0;</p></div>
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="width:92.99%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:18pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:21pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Additional Information Regarding the
Fund&#xa0;<font style="font-size:11pt; line-height:14pt">(Unaudited) &#xa0;&#xa0;(continued)</font></div>
</div>
<div style="margin-top:6pt; width:92.99%">
<hr style="background-color:#000000; border-bottom:0pt; border-left:0pt; border-right:0pt; border-top:0.5pt solid #000000; height:0.5pt; width:100%; text-align: Left;">
</div>
<div style="margin-top:21.5pt">
<div style="float:left; overflow:hidden; position:relative; width:46.98%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">specified price for a specified period of time.
Warrants are speculative and have no value if they are not exercised before the expiration date.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:11pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:14pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Additional Investment Policies</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The Fund has adopted certain
policies as set forth below:</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Leverage</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The Fund may utilize leverage
primarily for investment purposes through senior securities representing indebtedness from a bank, although it may engage in other transactions, such as reverse repurchase agreements and issuance of debt securities or
preferred securities, which have the effect of leverage. The 1940 Act generally prohibits the Fund from engaging in most forms of leverage representing indebtedness other than preferred shares unless immediately after
such incurrence the Fund&#x2019;s total assets less all liabilities and indebtedness not represented by senior securities (for these purposes, &#x201c;total net assets&#x201d;) is at least 300% of the aggregate senior
securities representing indebtedness (i.e., the use of leverage through senior securities representing indebtedness may not exceed 33 1/3% of the Fund&#x2019;s total net assets (including the proceeds from leverage)).
Additionally, under the 1940 Act, the Fund generally may not declare any dividend or other distribution upon any class of its capital shares, or purchase any such capital shares, unless at the time of such declaration
or purchase, this asset coverage test is satisfied. The portfolio management team anticipates using leverage of 5% to 15% of the Fund&#x2019;s total assets and does not currently expect such leverage to actively exceed
20% of total assets. With respect to asset coverage for preferred shares, under the 1940 Act, the Fund is not permitted to issue preferred shares unless immediately after such issuance the value of the Fund&#x2019;s
total net assets (as defined above) is at least 200% of the liquidation value of the outstanding preferred shares and the newly issued preferred shares plus the aggregate amount of any senior securities of the Fund
representing indebtedness (i.e., such liquidation value plus the aggregate amount of senior securities representing indebtedness may not exceed 50% of the Fund&#x2019;s total net assets). In addition, the Fund is not
permitted to declare any cash dividend or other distribution on its Common Shares unless, at the time of such declaration, the value of the Fund&#x2019;s total net assets (determined after deducting the amount of such
dividend or other distribution) satisfies the above-referenced 200% coverage requirement. Although the Fund has the ability to issue debt securities and preferred stock, it does not currently anticipate issuing any
debt securities or preferred stock, which would be subject to approval by the Fund&#x2019;s Board. The Fund&#x2019;s use of leverage does not impact the fees paid to the Investment Adviser for investment advisory and
management services because the Investment Adviser is paid on net assets not total assets.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:11pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:14pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Other Investment Strategies</div>
</div>
<div style="float:right; overflow:hidden; position:relative; width:46.98%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Debt Securities</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The Fund&#x2019;s assets may
be invested in debt securities when the Investment Adviser believes that, based upon factors such as relative interest rate levels and foreign exchange rates, such debt securities offer opportunities for total return
from long-term capital appreciation and/or income. The debt securities in which the Fund may invest include:</div>
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:5pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:5.81%">&#x2022;
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:94.19%">bonds,
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:1pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:5.81%">&#x2022;
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:94.19%">notes,
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:2pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:5.81%">&#x2022;
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:94.19%">bank deposits and bank obligations (including certificates of deposit, time deposits and bankers&#x2019; acceptances),
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:2pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:5.81%">&#x2022;
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:94.19%">commercial paper,
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:1pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:5.81%">&#x2022;
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:94.19%">repurchase agreements, and
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:2pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:5.81%">&#x2022;
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:94.19%">assignments of loans and loan participations.
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The Fund may in the future
employ new or additional investment strategies and hedging instruments if those strategies and instruments are consistent with the Fund&#x2019;s investment objective and are permissible under applicable regulations
governing the Fund.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:11pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:14pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">RISK FACTORS</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">General</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The Fund is a
non-diversified, closed-end investment company designed primarily as a long-term investment and not as a trading tool. An investment in the Fund&#x2019;s shares may be speculative and involves a high degree of risk.
The Fund should not be considered a complete investment program. Due to the uncertainty in all investments, there can be no assurance that the Fund will achieve its investment objective.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Investment and Market Risk</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Deteriorating market
conditions might cause a general weakness in the market that reduces the prices of securities in that market. Developments in the stock market could also adversely affect the Fund by reducing the relative
attractiveness of stocks as an investment. Also, to the extent that the Fund emphasizes stocks from any given industry, it could be hurt if that industry does not do well.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Additionally, the Fund could
lose value if the individual stocks in which it maintains long positions and/or the overall stock markets on which the stocks trade decline in price. Stocks and stock markets may experience short-term volatility
(price fluctuation) as well as extended periods of price decline or increase. Individual stocks are affected by many factors, including:</div>
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:5pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:5.81%">&#x2022;
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:94.19%">corporate earnings;
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:2pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:5.81%">&#x2022;
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:94.19%">production;
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:1pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:5.81%">&#x2022;
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:94.19%">management;
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:2pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:5.81%">&#x2022;
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:94.19%">sales; and
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:1pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:5.81%">&#x2022;
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:2pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:94.19%">market trends, including investor demand for a particular type of stock, such as growth or value stocks, small or large stocks, or stocks within a particular industry.
</td></tr></table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
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<div style="clear:both; padding-top:11.5pt; width:100%">
<div style="text-align:right">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-left:auto; margin-top:0pt; width:26.81%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:10pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:100%">abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc.
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:10pt; padding-left:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:13.51%">35
</td></tr></table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
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</div>
<hr style="margin-bottom:0pt">
<div style="page-break-before:always; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:12pt"><p style="margin:0pt">&#xa0;</p></div>
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="width:92.99%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:18pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:21pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Additional Information Regarding the
Fund&#xa0;<font style="font-size:11pt; line-height:14pt">(Unaudited) &#xa0;&#xa0;(continued)</font></div>
</div>
<div style="margin-top:6pt; width:92.99%">
<hr style="background-color:#000000; border-bottom:0pt; border-left:0pt; border-right:0pt; border-top:0.5pt solid #000000; height:0.5pt; width:100%; text-align: Left;">
</div>
<div style="margin-top:21.5pt">
<div style="float:left; overflow:hidden; position:relative; width:46.98%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Stock markets are affected by numerous
factors, including interest rates, the outlook for corporate profits, the health of the national and world economies, national and world social and political events, and the fluctuation of other stock market around
the world.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Market Events Risk</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The market values of
securities or other assets will fluctuate, sometimes sharply and unpredictably, due to changes in general market conditions, overall economic trends or events, governmental actions or intervention, actions taken by
the U.S. Federal Reserve or foreign central banks, market disruptions caused by trade disputes, armed conflicts or other factors, political events within the U.S. and abroad, such as changes in the U.S. presidential
administration and Congress, investor sentiment and other factors that may or may not be related to the issuer of the security or other asset. Economies and financial markets throughout the world are increasingly
interconnected. Economic, financial or political events, imposition of sanctions and other measures, trading and tariff arrangements, actual or threatened war or armed conflicts, terrorism, social unrest, natural or
environmental disasters and other circumstances in one country or region could have profound impacts on global economies or markets. As a result, whether or not the Fund invests in securities of issuers located in or
with significant exposure to the countries directly affected, the value and liquidity of the Fund's investments may be negatively affected. In addition, public health emergencies (such as the spread of infectious
diseases, pandemics and epidemics) or similar issues could reduce consumer demand or economic output, result in market closures, travel restrictions or quarantines, and generally have a significant impact on the world
economy, which in turn could adversely affect the Fund's investments. The impact of the recent U.S. elections on such policies remains uncertain and policies supported by the new administration (or the reversal of
policies supported by the previous administration) could impact U.S. interest rates or inflation or otherwise impact the Fund.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:italic; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Russia/Ukraine Risk.<font style="font-style:Normal"> In February 2022, Russia commenced a military attack on Ukraine. The outbreak of hostilities between the two countries and the threat of wider spread hostilities could have a severe adverse
effect on the region and global economies, including significant negative impacts on the markets for certain securities and commodities, such as oil and natural gas. In addition, sanctions imposed on Russia by the
United States and other countries, and any sanctions imposed in the future, could have a significant adverse impact on the Russian economy and related markets. The price and liquidity of investments may fluctuate
widely as a result of the conflict and related events. How long the armed conflict and related events will last cannot be predicted. These tensions and any related events could have a significant impact on Fund
performance and the value of the Funds' investments.</font></div>
</div>
<div style="float:right; overflow:hidden; position:relative; width:46.98%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:italic; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Europe Related Risk.<font style="font-style:Normal"> A number of countries in Europe have experienced severe economic and financial difficulties. Many non-governmental issuers, and even certain governments, have defaulted on, or been forced
to restructure, their debts; many other issuers have faced difficulties obtaining credit or refinancing existing obligations; financial institutions have in many cases required government or central bank support, have
needed to raise capital, and/or have been impaired in their ability to extend credit; and financial markets in Europe and elsewhere have experienced extreme volatility and declines in asset values and liquidity. These
difficulties may continue, worsen or spread within and outside Europe. Responses to the financial problems by European governments, central banks and others, including austerity measures and reforms, may not work, may
result in social unrest and may limit future growth and economic recovery or have other unintended consequences. Further defaults or restructurings by governments and others of their debt could have additional adverse
effects on economies, financial markets and asset valuations around the world.</font></div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Conflicts of Interest Risk</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The portfolio managers'
management of &#x201c;other accounts&#x201d; may give rise to potential conflicts of interest in connection with their management of the Fund's investments, on the one hand, and the investments of the other accounts, on
the other. The other accounts may have the same investment objective as the Fund. Therefore, a potential conflict of interest may arise as a result of the identical investment objectives, whereby the portfolio manager
could favor one account over another. However, the Investment Adviser believes that these risks are mitigated by the fact that: (i) accounts with like investment strategies managed by a particular portfolio manager
are generally managed in a similar fashion, subject to exceptions to account for particular investment restrictions or policies applicable only to certain accounts, differences in cash flows and account sizes, and
similar factors; and (ii) portfolio manager personal trading is monitored to avoid potential conflicts. In addition, the Investment Adviser has adopted trade allocation procedures that require equitable allocation of
trade orders for a particular security among participating accounts.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">In some cases, another
account managed by the same portfolio manager may compensate abrdn based on the performance of the portfolio held by that account. The existence of such a performance-based fee may create additional conflicts of
interest for the portfolio manager in the allocation of management time, resources and investment opportunities.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Another potential conflict
could include instances in which securities considered as investments for the Fund also may be appropriate for other investment accounts managed by the Adviser or its affiliates. Whenever decisions are made to buy or
sell securities by the Fund and</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="clear:both">&#xa0;
<div style="clear:both; padding-top:18.5pt; width:100%">
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:0pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:10pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:3.08%">36
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:10pt; padding-left:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:97.46%">abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc.
</td></tr></table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="clear:both; font-size:12pt; height:0pt">
</div>
<hr style="margin-bottom:0pt">
<div style="page-break-before:always; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:12pt"><p style="margin:0pt">&#xa0;</p></div>
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="width:92.99%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:18pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:21pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Additional Information Regarding the
Fund&#xa0;<font style="font-size:11pt; line-height:14pt">(Unaudited) &#xa0;&#xa0;(continued)</font></div>
</div>
<div style="margin-top:6pt; width:92.99%">
<hr style="background-color:#000000; border-bottom:0pt; border-left:0pt; border-right:0pt; border-top:0.5pt solid #000000; height:0.5pt; width:100%; text-align: Left;">
</div>
<div style="margin-top:21.5pt">
<div style="float:left; overflow:hidden; position:relative; width:46.98%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">one or more of the other accounts
simultaneously, the Investment Adviser may aggregate the purchases and sales of the securities and will allocate the securities transactions in a manner that it believes to be equitable under the circumstances. As a
result of the allocations, there may be instances where the Fund will not participate in a transaction that is allocated among other accounts. While these aggregation and allocation policies could have a detrimental
effect on the price or amount of the securities available to the Fund from time to time, it is the opinion of the Investment Adviser that the benefits from the policies outweigh any disadvantage that may arise from
exposure to simultaneous transactions. The Trust has adopted policies that are designed to eliminate or minimize conflicts of interest, although there is no guarantee that procedures adopted under such policies will
detect each and every situation in which a conflict arises. From time to time, the Investment Adviser may seed proprietary accounts for the purpose of evaluating a new investment strategy that eventually may be
available to clients through one or more product structures. Such accounts also may serve the purpose of establishing a performance record for the strategy. The management by the Investment Adviser of accounts with
proprietary interests and nonproprietary client accounts may create an incentive to favor the proprietary accounts in the allocation of investment opportunities, and the timing and aggregation of investments. The
Investment Adviser's proprietary seed accounts may include long-short strategies, and certain client strategies may permit short sales. A conflict of interest arises if a security is sold short at the same time as a
long position, and continuous short selling in a security may adversely affect the stock price of the same security held long in client accounts. The Investment Adviser have adopted various policies to mitigate these
conflicts.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">In addition, the 1940 Act
limits the Fund's ability to enter into certain transactions with certain affiliates of the Investment Adviser. As a result of these restrictions, the Fund may be prohibited from buying or selling any security
directly from or to any portfolio company of a fund managed by the Investment Adviser or one of their affiliates. Nonetheless, the Fund may under certain circumstances purchase any such portfolio company's loans or
securities in the secondary market, which could create a conflict for the Investment Adviser between the interests of the Fund and the portfolio company, in that the ability of the Investment Adviser to recommend
actions in the best interest of the Fund might be impaired. The 1940 Act also prohibits certain &#x201c;joint&#x201d; transactions with certain of the Fund's affiliates (which could include other abrdn-managed Funds),
which could be deemed to include certain types of investments, or restructuring of investments, in the same portfolio company (whether at the same or different times). These limitations may limit the scope of
investment opportunities that would otherwise be available to the Fund. The Board has approved policies and procedures reasonably designed to monitor potential conflicts of interest. The</div>
</div>
<div style="float:right; overflow:hidden; position:relative; width:46.98%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Board will review these procedures and any
conflicts that may arise. The Investment Adviser or their respective members, officers, directors, employees, principals or affiliates may come into possession of material, non-public information. The possession of
such information may limit the ability of the Fund to buy or sell a security or otherwise to participate in an investment opportunity. Situations may occur where the Fund could be disadvantaged because of the
investment activities conducted by the Investment Adviser for other clients, and the Investment Adviser will not employ information barriers with regard to its operations on behalf of its registered and private funds,
or other accounts. In certain circumstances, employees of the Investment Adviser may serve as board members or in other capacities for portfolio or potential portfolio companies, which could restrict the Fund's
ability to trade in the securities of such companies.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Foreign Securities Risk</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Investing in foreign
securities involves certain special considerations that are not typically associated with investments in the securities of U.S. issuers. Foreign issuers are not generally subject to uniform accounting, auditing and
financial reporting standards and may have policies that are not comparable to those of domestic issuers. As a result, there may be less information available about foreign issuers than about domestic issuers.
Securities of some foreign issuers may be less liquid and more volatile than securities of comparable domestic issuers. There is generally less government supervision and regulation of securities markets, brokers and
issuers than in the United States. In addition, with respect to certain foreign countries, there is a possibility of expropriation or confiscatory taxation, political and social instability, or diplomatic
developments, which could affect the value of investments in those countries. These risks are heightened under adverse economic, market, geopolitical and other conditions. The costs of investing in foreign countries
frequently are higher than the costs of investing in the United States. Although the investment adviser endeavors to achieve the most favorable execution costs in portfolio transactions, trading costs in non-U.S.
securities markets are generally higher than trading costs in the United States.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Investments in securities of
foreign issuers often will be denominated in foreign currencies. Accordingly, the value of the Fund&#x2019;s assets, as measured in U.S. dollars, may be affected favorably or unfavorably by changes in currency exchange
rates and in exchange control regulations. The Fund may incur costs in connection with conversions between various currencies. See &#x201c;Currency Exchange Rate Fluctuations.&#x201d;</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The Fund generally holds its
foreign securities and cash in foreign banks and securities depositories approved by State Street Bank and Trust Company, the Fund&#x2019;s Foreign Custody Manager (as that term is</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="clear:both">&#xa0;
<div style="clear:both; padding-top:10.5pt; width:100%">
<div style="text-align:right">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-left:auto; margin-top:0pt; width:26.81%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:10pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:100%">abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc.
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:10pt; padding-left:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:13.51%">37
</td></tr></table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="clear:both; font-size:12pt; height:0pt">
</div>
<hr style="margin-bottom:0pt">
<div style="page-break-before:always; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:12pt"><p style="margin:0pt">&#xa0;</p></div>
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="width:92.99%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:18pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:21pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Additional Information Regarding the
Fund&#xa0;<font style="font-size:11pt; line-height:14pt">(Unaudited) &#xa0;&#xa0;(continued)</font></div>
</div>
<div style="margin-top:6pt; width:92.99%">
<hr style="background-color:#000000; border-bottom:0pt; border-left:0pt; border-right:0pt; border-top:0.5pt solid #000000; height:0.5pt; width:100%; text-align: Left;">
</div>
<div style="margin-top:21.5pt">
<div style="float:left; overflow:hidden; position:relative; width:46.98%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">defined in Rule 17f-5 under the 1940 Act).
Some foreign banks and securities depositories may be recently organized or new to the foreign custody business. There may be limited or no regulatory oversight over their operations. Also, the laws of certain
countries may put limits on the Fund&#x2019;s ability to recover its assets if a foreign bank, depository or issuer of a security, or any of their agents, goes bankrupt. In addition, it is often more expensive for the
Fund to buy, sell and hold securities in certain foreign markets than in the United States. The increased expense of investing in foreign markets reduces the amount the Fund can earn on its investments and typically
results in a higher operating expense ratio for the Fund than for investment companies invested only in the United States.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Certain foreign governments
levy withholding or other taxes on dividend and interest income. Although in some countries a portion of these taxes are recoverable, the non-recovered portion of foreign withholding taxes will reduce the income
received from investments in such countries.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">From time to time, the Fund
may have invested in certain sovereign debt obligations that are issued by, or certain companies that operate in or have dealings with, countries that become subject to sanctions or embargoes imposed by the U.S.
government and the United Nations and/or countries identified by the U.S. government as state sponsors of terrorism.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Investments in such countries
may be adversely affected because, for example, the credit rating of the sovereign debt security may be lowered due to the country&#x2019;s instability or unreliability or the company may suffer damage to its
reputation if it is identified as a company which operates in, or has dealings with, such countries. As an investor in such companies, the Fund will be indirectly subject to those risks.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Developing and Emerging Markets
Risk</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Investing in the securities
of issuers located in developing and emerging market countries (and to a certain extent non-U.S. developed market countries) involves special considerations not typically associated with investing in the securities of
U.S. issuers and other developed market issuers, including heightened risks of expropriation and/or nationalization, armed conflict, confiscatory taxation, restrictions on transfers of assets, lack of uniform
accounting and auditing standards, difficulties in dividend withholding reclaims procedures, less publicly available financial and other information and potential difficulties in enforcing contractual obligations.
International trade barriers or economic sanctions against foreign countries, organizations, entities and/or individuals in response to geopolitical tensions or conflicts may adversely affect the value of the
Fund&#x2019;s foreign holdings. The type and severity of sanctions and other similar measures are difficult to measure or predict.</div>
</div>
<div style="float:right; overflow:hidden; position:relative; width:46.98%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The economies of individual developing and
emerging market countries may differ favorably or unfavorably from the U.S. economy in such respects as growth of gross domestic product, rate of inflation, currency depreciation, capital reinvestment, resource
self-sufficiency and balance of payments position. Governments in emerging markets countries are often less stable and more likely to take extra-legal action with respect to companies, industries, assets, or foreign
ownership than those in more developed markets. Governments of many developing and emerging market countries have exercised and continue to exercise substantial influence over many aspects of the private sector. In
some cases, the government owns or controls many companies, including some of the largest in the country.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Accordingly, government
actions could have a significant effect on economic conditions in a developing or emerging market country and on market conditions, prices and yields of securities in the Fund&#x2019;s portfolio. Moreover, the
economies of developing and emerging market countries generally are heavily dependent upon international trade and, accordingly, have been and may continue to be adversely affected by trade barriers, exchange
controls, managed adjustments in relative currency values and other protectionist measures imposed or negotiated by the countries with which they trade. These economies also have been and may continue to be adversely
affected by economic conditions in the countries with which they trade. Many developing and emerging market economies are considered to be more politically volatile than the developed markets. Investments in
securities of issuers in countries other than the U.S. may involve greater political risk, including in some countries, the possibility of nationalization of assets, expropriation or confiscatory taxation,
restrictions on repatriation, and the establishment of foreign exchange controls, political changes, government regulation, overburdened and obsolete or unseasoned financial systems, environmental problems, less
developed legal systems, economic or social instability or diplomatic developments (including war) which could affect adversely the economies of such countries or the value of the Fund&#x2019;s investments in those
countries. Central authorities also tend to exercise a high degree of control over the economies and in many cases have ownership over core productive assets.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The legal, accounting and
financial reporting systems in many developing and emerging market countries are less developed than those in more developed countries, which may reduce the scope or quality of financial information available to
investors. Furthermore, the administration of laws and regulations often may be subject to considerable discretion. Non-U.S. markets may offer less protection to investors than U.S. or other developed markets. It also
may be difficult for investors to bring litigation or to obtain and enforce a judgment against issues in emerging markets or for U.S. regulators to bring enforcement actions against such issuers.</div>
</div>
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<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:10pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:3.08%">38
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:10pt; padding-left:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:97.46%">abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc.
</td></tr></table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
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<div style="width:92.99%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:18pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:21pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Additional Information Regarding the
Fund&#xa0;<font style="font-size:11pt; line-height:14pt">(Unaudited) &#xa0;&#xa0;(continued)</font></div>
</div>
<div style="margin-top:6pt; width:92.99%">
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</div>
<div style="margin-top:21.5pt">
<div style="float:left; overflow:hidden; position:relative; width:46.98%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Due to their strong reliance on
international trade, most developing and emerging market economies tend to be sensitive both to economic changes in their own region and to changes affecting their major trading partners. These include changes in
growth, inflation, foreign exchange rates, current account positions, government policies, taxation and tariffs. Additionally, the economies of some emerging markets may be particularly exposed to or affected by a
certain industry or sector, and therefore issuers and/or securities of such emerging markets may be more affected by the performance of such industries or sectors.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:italic; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">India Risk.<font style="font-style:Normal"> The value of the Fund&#x2019;s assets may be adversely affected by political, economic, social and religious factors, changes in Indian law or regulations and the status of India&#x2019;s
relations with other countries. In addition, the economy of India may differ favorably or unfavorably from the U.S. economy in such respects as the rate of growth of gross domestic product, the rate of inflation,
capital reinvestment, resource self-sufficiency and balance of payments position. The Indian government has exercised and continues to exercise significant influence over many aspects of the economy, and the number of
public sector enterprises in India is substantial. Accordingly, Indian government actions in the future could have a significant effect on the Indian economy, which could affect private sector companies and the Fund,
market conditions, and prices and yields of securities in the Fund&#x2019;s portfolio.</font></div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:italic; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Taiwan Risk.<font style="font-style:Normal"> Including risks associated with investing in emerging markets, the Fund&#x2019;s investment in or exposure to Taiwan is also subject to risks associated with, among other things, currency
fluctuations, commodity shortages, less liquidity, expropriation, confiscatory taxation, nationalization and exchange control regulations (including currency blockage). Inflation and rapid fluctuations in inflation
and interest rates have had, and may continue to have, negative effects on the economy and securities markets of Taiwan. In addition, investments in Taiwan could be adversely affected by political and economic
relationship with China.</font></div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:italic; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The Republic of Korea (South
Korea) Risk.<font style="font-style:Normal"> Concentrating investments in South Korea subjects the Fund to additional risks, and may make it significantly more volatile than geographically diverse mutual funds. Additional risks
associated with investments in South Korea include political, economic and social instability, and the potential for increasing militarization in North Korea. The financial sector in South Korea has been subject to
systemic weaknesses and illiquidity, which could be a material risk for any investments in South Korea if exacerbated. A significant increase in energy prices could have an adverse impact on South Korea&#x2019;s
economy as South Korea is dependent on foreign sources for much of its energy needs. The South Korean government has exercised and continues to exercise significant influence over many aspects of the economy.
Accordingly, South Korean government actions in the future could have a</font></div>
</div>
<div style="float:right; overflow:hidden; position:relative; width:46.98%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">significant effect on the South Korean
economy, which could affect private sector companies and the Fund, market conditions, and prices and yields of securities in the Fund&#x2019;s portfolio.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:italic; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Frontier Market Securities.
<font style="font-style:Normal">The risks associated with investments in frontier market countries include all the risks described for investments in the sections entitled &#x201c;Foreign Securities&#x201d; and
 &#x201c;Emerging Markets Securities,&#x201d; although the risks are magnified for frontier market countries. Because frontier markets are among the smallest, least mature and least liquid of the emerging markets,
investments in frontier markets generally are subject to a greater risk of loss than are investments in developed markets or traditional emerging markets. Frontier market countries have smaller economies, less
developed capital markets, greater market volatility, lower trading volume, more political and economic instability, greater risk of a market shutdown and more governmental limitations on foreign investments than are
typically found in more developed markets.</font></div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Equity Risk</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The value of equity
securities, including common stock, preferred stock and convertible stock, will fluctuate in response to factors affecting the particular company, as well as broader market and economic conditions. Moreover, in the
event of the company&#x2019;s bankruptcy, claims of certain creditors, including bondholders, will have priority over claims of common stock holders and are likely to have varying types of priority over holders of
preferred and convertible stock.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">As an investment company that
holds primarily common stocks, the Fund&#x2019;s portfolio is subject to the possibility that common stock prices will decline over short or even extended periods. The Fund may remain substantially fully invested
during periods when stock prices generally rise and also during periods when they generally decline. Moreover, as a holder of common stock, the Fund&#x2019;s rights to the assets of the companies in which it invests
will be subordinated to such companies&#x2019; holders of preferred stock and debt in the event of a bankruptcy, liquidation or similar proceeding. Accordingly, if such an event were to occur to such a company in which
the Fund invests, the Fund would be entitled to such a company&#x2019;s assets only after such company&#x2019;s preferred stockholders and debt holders have been paid. Risks are inherent in investments in equities, and
Fund shareholders should be able to tolerate significant fluctuations in the value of their investment in the Fund.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Inflation Risk</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Inflation risk is the risk
that the purchasing power of assets or income from investment will be less in the future as inflation decreases the value of money. To the extent that inflation occurs, it will reduce the real value of dividends paid
by the Fund and the Fund&#x2019;s common</div>
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<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:10pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:100%">abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc.
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:10pt; padding-left:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:13.51%">39
</td></tr></table>
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<div style="width:100%">
<div style="width:92.99%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:18pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:21pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Additional Information Regarding the
Fund&#xa0;<font style="font-size:11pt; line-height:14pt">(Unaudited) &#xa0;&#xa0;(continued)</font></div>
</div>
<div style="margin-top:6pt; width:92.99%">
<hr style="background-color:#000000; border-bottom:0pt; border-left:0pt; border-right:0pt; border-top:0.5pt solid #000000; height:0.5pt; width:100%; text-align: Left;">
</div>
<div style="margin-top:21.5pt">
<div style="float:left; overflow:hidden; position:relative; width:46.98%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">stock. Most emerging market countries, in
particular, have experienced substantial, and in some periods extremely high and volatile, rates of inflation. Inflation and rapid fluctuations in inflation rates have had and may continue to have very negative
effects on economies and securities markets globally. In an attempt to control inflation, wage and price controls have been imposed at times in certain countries.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Management Risk</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The Fund is subject to
management risk because it is an actively managed portfolio. The Fund's successful pursuit of its investment objective depends upon the Investment Adviser's ability to find and exploit market inefficiencies with
respect to undervalued securities and identify companies experiencing a change in dividend policy, including the announcement of restructuring initiatives or special dividends. Such situations occur infrequently and
sporadically and may be difficult to predict, and may not result in a favorable pricing opportunity that allows the Investment Adviser to fulfill the Fund's investment objective. The Investment Adviser's security
selections and other investment decisions might produce losses or cause the Fund to underperform when compared to other funds with similar investment goals. If one or more key individuals leave the employ of the
Investment Adviser, the Investment Adviser may not be able to hire qualified replacements, or may require an extended time to do so. This could prevent the Fund from achieving its investment objective.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Issuer Risk</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The value of an issuer's
securities that are held in the Fund's portfolio may decline for a number of reasons which directly relate to the issuer, such as management performance, financial leverage and reduced demand for the issuer's goods or
services.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Currency Exchange Rate
Fluctuations</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The Fund&#x2019;s securities
will be subject to the risk that some holdings may lose value because of a decline in the value of the foreign currency or adverse political or economic events in such foreign country or elsewhere. Currency exchange
rates can fluctuate significantly over short periods and can be subject to unpredictable changes based on a variety of factors, including political developments and currency controls by foreign governments. The Fund
will normally hold many of its assets in foreign currencies. Accordingly, a change in the value of a foreign currency in which the Fund hold securities against the U.S. dollar will generally result in a change in the
U.S. dollar value of the Fund&#x2019;s assets. Such a change may thus decrease the Fund&#x2019;s net asset value.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The currencies of developing
and emerging markets, in particular, have experienced periods of steady declines or even sudden devaluations relative to the U.S. dollar. Some developing and emerging market currencies may not be internationally
traded or may</div>
</div>
<div style="float:right; overflow:hidden; position:relative; width:46.98%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">be subject to strict controls by local
governments, resulting in undervalued or overvalued currencies. Some developing and emerging markets have experienced balance of payment deficits and shortages in foreign exchange reserves. Governments have responded
by restricting currency conversions. Future restrictive exchange controls could prevent or restrict a company&#x2019;s ability to make dividend or interest payments in the original currency of an obligation (often U.S.
dollars). Even though the currencies of some developing and emerging markets may be convertible into U.S. dollars, the conversion rates may be artificial to their actual market values.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">In addition, although much of
the Fund&#x2019;s income will be received or realized in foreign currencies, the Fund will be required to compute and distribute its income in U.S. dollars. Therefore, for example, if the exchange rate for the foreign
currency declines after the Fund&#x2019;s income has been accrued and translated in U.S. dollars, but before the income has been received or converted into U.S. dollars, the Fund could be required to liquidate
portfolio securities to make distributions. Similarly, if the exchange rate declines between the time the Fund&#xa0; incurs expenses in U.S. dollars and the time such expenses are paid, the amount of the foreign
currency required to be converted into U.S. dollars in order to pay those expenses will be greater than the foreign currency equivalent of those expenses at the time they were incurred.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Currency exchange rate
fluctuations can decrease or eliminate income available for distribution or, conversely, increase income available for distribution. For example, in some situations, if certain currency exchange losses exceed net
investment income for a taxable year, the Fund would not be able to make ordinary income distributions, and all or a portion of distributions made before the losses were realized but in the same taxable year would be
recharacterized as a return of capital to shareholders for U.S. federal income tax purposes, thus reducing shareholders&#x2019; cost basis in their Fund shares, or as a capital gain distribution, rather than as an
ordinary income dividend.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Illiquid Securities Risk</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The Fund&#x2019;s investments
in illiquid securities may restrict its ability to dispose of its investments in a timely fashion and at a price approximating the value at which the Fund carries the securities on its books.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The Fund may invest in
illiquid securities. Illiquid securities are securities that are not readily marketable. The prices of such securities may change abruptly and erratically, and investment of the Fund&#x2019;s assets in illiquid
securities may restrict the ability of the Fund to dispose of its investments in a timely fashion and at a price approximating the value at which the Fund carries the securities on its books, as well as restrict its
ability to take advantage of market opportunities. The risks associated with illiquidity will be particularly</div>
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<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:10pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:3.08%">40
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:10pt; padding-left:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:97.46%">abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc.
</td></tr></table>
</div>
</div>
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</div>
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<div style="width:100%">
<div style="width:92.99%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:18pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:21pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Additional Information Regarding the
Fund&#xa0;<font style="font-size:11pt; line-height:14pt">(Unaudited) &#xa0;&#xa0;(continued)</font></div>
</div>
<div style="margin-top:6pt; width:92.99%">
<hr style="background-color:#000000; border-bottom:0pt; border-left:0pt; border-right:0pt; border-top:0.5pt solid #000000; height:0.5pt; width:100%; text-align: Left;">
</div>
<div style="margin-top:21.5pt">
<div style="float:left; overflow:hidden; position:relative; width:46.98%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">acute in situations in which the
Fund&#x2019;s operations require cash, such as when the Fund repurchases shares or pays dividends or distributions, and could result in the Fund borrowing to meet short-term cash requirements or incurring capital
losses on the sale of illiquid investments. Further, companies whose securities are not publicly traded are not subject to the disclosure and other investor protection requirements that would be applicable if their
securities were publicly traded.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Market Discount Risk</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Shares of closed-end
investment companies frequently trade at a discount from NAV. Continued development of alternative vehicles for investing in essential asset companies may contribute to reducing or eliminating any premium or may
result in the Fund's common shares trading at a discount. The risk that the Fund's common shares may trade at a discount is separate from the risk of a decline in the Fund's NAV as a result of investment
activities.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Whether shareholders will
realize a gain or loss for federal income tax purposes upon the sale of their common shares depends upon whether the market value of the common shares at the time of sale is above or below the shareholder's basis in
such common shares, taking into account transaction costs, and it is not directly dependent upon the Fund's NAV. Because the market price of the Fund's common shares will be determined by factors such as the relative
demand for and supply of the shares in the market, general market conditions and other factors beyond the Fund's control, the Fund cannot predict whether its common shares will trade at, below or above the NAV, or at,
below or above the public offering price for the Fund's common shares.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Non-Diversified Status</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The Fund is classified as a
 &#x201c;non-diversified&#x201d; management investment company under the 1940 Act. This means that the Fund is not subject to limits under the 1940 Act as to the proportion of its assets that may be invested in the
securities of a single issuer. As a non-diversified investment company, the Fund may therefore invest its assets in securities of a smaller number of issuers, or may invest a larger portion of its assets in a single
issuer than a diversified fund, and, as a result, would be more susceptible than a diversified fund to any single corporate, political, geographic, or regulatory occurrence than would a fund with a diversified
investment portfolio. Although the Fund must comply with certain diversification requirements in order to qualify as a regulated investment company under the Code, the Fund may be more susceptible to any single
economic, political or regulatory occurrence than would be the case if it had elected to diversify its holdings sufficiently to be classified as a &#x201c;diversified&#x201d; management investment company under the 1940
Act. The Fund,</div>
</div>
<div style="float:right; overflow:hidden; position:relative; width:46.98%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">however, intends to comply with the
diversification requirements imposed by the Code for qualification as a regulated investment company.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Private Placements and Other
Restricted Securities Risk</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Private placement and other
restricted securities include securities that have been privately placed and are not registered under the Securities Act of 1933 (&#x201c;1933 Act&#x201d;), such as unregistered securities eligible for resale without
registration pursuant to Rule 144A (&#x201c;Rule 144A Securities&#x201d;) and privately placed securities of U.S. and non-U.S. issuers offered outside of the U.S. without registration with the U.S. Securities and
Exchange Commission pursuant to Regulation S (&#x201c;Regulation S Securities&#x201d;). Since the offering is not registered with the SEC, investors in a private placement have less protection under the federal
securities laws against improper practices than investors in registered securities.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Private placement securities
typically may be sold only to qualified institutional buyers (or, in the case of the initial sale of certain securities, such as those issued in collateralized debt obligations or collateralized loan obligations, to
accredited investors (as defined in Rule 501(a) under the 1933 Act)), or in a privately negotiated transaction or to a limited number of purchasers, or in limited quantities after they have been held for a specified
period of time and other conditions are met pursuant to an exemption from registration. Rule 144A Securities and Regulation S Securities may be freely traded among certain qualified institutional investors, such as
the Funds, but their resale in the U.S. is permitted only in limited circumstances.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Private placements typically
are subject to restrictions on resale as a matter of contract or under federal securities laws. Because there may be relatively few potential purchasers for such securities, especially under adverse market or economic
conditions or in the event of adverse changes in the financial condition of the issuer, the Fund could find it more difficult to sell such securities when it may be advisable to do so or it may be able to sell such
securities only at prices lower than if such securities were more widely held. At times, it also may be more difficult to determine the fair value of such securities for purposes of computing the Fund&#x2019;s net
asset value due to the absence of a trading market.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Private placements and
restricted securities may be considered illiquid securities, which could have the effect of increasing the level of the Fund&#x2019;s illiquidity. Additionally, a restricted security that was liquid at the time of
purchase may subsequently become illiquid.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Many private placement
securities are issued by companies that are not required to file periodic financial reports, leading to challenges in evaluating the company&#x2019;s overall business prospects and gauging how the investment is likely
to perform over time. The more limited financial information and lack of publicly available prices likely</div>
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<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:10pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:100%">abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc.
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:10pt; padding-left:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:13.51%">41
</td></tr></table>
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<div style="width:92.99%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:18pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:21pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Additional Information Regarding the
Fund&#xa0;<font style="font-size:11pt; line-height:14pt">(Unaudited) &#xa0;&#xa0;(continued)</font></div>
</div>
<div style="margin-top:6pt; width:92.99%">
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</div>
<div style="margin-top:21.5pt">
<div style="float:left; overflow:hidden; position:relative; width:46.98%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">require the Fund to determine a fair value
for such investments. The fair valuation process involves a significant amount of judgment and the fair value prices determined for the Fund could differ from those of other market participants because there is less
reliable objective data available.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Anti-Takeover Charter
Provisions</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The Fund&#x2019;s charter and
by-laws contain several provisions that may be regarded as &#x201c;anti-takeover&#x201d; because they have the effect of maintaining continuity of management.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Foreign Custody</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The Fund&#x2019;s custodian
generally holds the Fund&#x2019;s non-U.S. securities and cash in non-U.S. bank sub-custodians and securities depositories. Regulatory oversight of non-U.S. banks and securities depositories may differ from that in the
U.S. Additionally, laws applicable to non-U.S. banks and securities depositories may limit the Fund&#x2019;s ability to recover its assets in the event the non-U.S. bank, securities depository or issuer of a security
held by the Fund goes bankrupt.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Convertible Securities Risk</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Convertible securities
generally offer lower interest or dividend yields than non-convertible securities of similar quality. As with all debt securities, the market values of convertible securities tend to decline as interest rates increase
and, conversely, to increase as interest rates decline. However, when the market price of the common stock underlying a convertible security exceeds the conversion price, the convertible security tends to reflect the
market price of the underlying common stock in varying degrees. Depending on the relationship of such market price to the conversion price in the terms of the convertible security, convertible securities are also
subject to the same types of market and issuer risks that may negatively affect the pricing of the underlying common stock. As the market price of the underlying common stock declines, the convertible security tends
to trade increasingly on a yield basis and thus may not decline in price to the same extent as the underlying common stock. Convertible securities rank senior to common stock in an issuer&#x2019;s capital structure and
consequently entail less risk than the issuer&#x2019;s common stock. A convertible debt security is not counted as an equity security for purposes of the Fund&#x2019;s 80% policy.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Country/Regional Focus Risk</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Focusing on a single country
or geographical region involves increased currency, political, regulatory and other risks. Market swings in the targeted country or geographical region likely will have a greater effect on portfolio performance than
they would in a more geographically diversified fund.</div>
</div>
<div style="float:right; overflow:hidden; position:relative; width:46.98%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Depositary Receipts</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Depositary receipts are
typically issued by a bank or trust company and represent the ownership of underlying securities that are issued by a foreign company and held by the bank or trust company. American Depositary Receipts
(&#x201c;ADRs&#x201d;) are usually issued by a U.S. bank trust or trust company and traded on a U.S. exchange. Depositary receipts may or may not be jointly sponsored by the underlying issuer. The issuers of unsponsored
depositary receipts are not obligated to disclose information that is, in the United States, considered material. Therefore, there may be less information available regarding these issuers and there may not be a
correlation between such information and the market value of the depositary receipts. Certain depositary receipts are not listed on an exchange and therefore may be considered to be illiquid securities. In addition,
the issuers of depositary receipts may discontinue issuing new depositary receipts and withdraw existing depositary receipts at any time, which may result in costs and delays in the distribution of the underlying
assets to the Fund and may negatively impact the Fund&#x2019;s performance. Although ADRs are alternatives to directly purchasing the underlying foreign securities in their national markets and currencies, they are
subject to many of the risks associated with investing directly in foreign securities.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Depositary receipts are
generally subject to the same risks as the foreign securities that they evidence or into which they may be converted. A Fund&#x2019;s investment exposure to the underlying foreign securities may involve risks not
typically associated with investing in U.S. companies. Foreign securities markets generally have less trading volume and less liquidity than U.S. markets, and prices in some foreign markets can be extremely volatile
due to increased risks of adverse issuer, political, regulatory, market, or economic developments. Many foreign countries lack accounting and disclosure standards comparable to those that apply to U.S. companies, and
it may be more difficult to obtain reliable information regarding a foreign issuer&#x2019;s financial condition and operations. In addition, transaction costs and costs associated with custody services are generally
higher for foreign securities than they are for U.S. securities.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Event Risk</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Event risk is the risk that a
corporate event such as a restructuring, merger, leveraged buyout, takeover, or similar action may cause a decline in market value or credit quality of the issuer&#x2019;s stocks or bonds due to factors including an
unfavorable market response or a resulting increase in the issuer&#x2019;s debt. Added debt may significantly reduce the credit quality and market value of an issuer&#x2019;s bonds.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Leverage Risk</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The Fund uses leverage as
part of its investment strategy through borrowing from a credit facility. The Fund is not permitted to incur indebtedness unless immediately thereafter the Fund will have an</div>
</div>
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<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:10pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:3.08%">42
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:10pt; padding-left:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:97.46%">abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc.
</td></tr></table>
</div>
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</div>
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<div style="width:100%">
<div style="width:92.99%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:18pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:21pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Additional Information Regarding the
Fund&#xa0;<font style="font-size:11pt; line-height:14pt">(Unaudited) &#xa0;&#xa0;(continued)</font></div>
</div>
<div style="margin-top:6pt; width:92.99%">
<hr style="background-color:#000000; border-bottom:0pt; border-left:0pt; border-right:0pt; border-top:0.5pt solid #000000; height:0.5pt; width:100%; text-align: Left;">
</div>
<div style="margin-top:21.5pt">
<div style="float:left; overflow:hidden; position:relative; width:46.98%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">asset coverage of at least 300%. In general,
the term &#x201c;asset coverage&#x201d; for this purpose means the ratio which the value of the total assets of the Fund, less all liabilities and indebtedness not represented by senior securities, bears to the
aggregate amount of senior securities representing indebtedness of the Fund. In addition, the Fund may be limited in its ability to declare any cash distribution on its capital stock or purchase its capital stock
unless at the time of such declaration or purchase, the Fund has an asset coverage (on its indebtedness) of at least 300% after deducting the amount of such distribution or purchase price, as applicable. Under the
1940 Act, certain short-term borrowings (such as for cash management purposes) are not subject to these limitations if (i) repaid within 60 days, (ii) not extended or renewed and (iii) not in excess of 5% of the total
assets of the Fund. The Fund may also enter into certain transactions that create leverage, such as reverse repurchase agreements, which are not subject to the asset coverage requirements set out above.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The Fund may engage in
leverage through the issuance of preferred stock. Under the 1940 Act, the Fund is not permitted to issue preferred stock unless immediately after such issuance the Fund will have an asset coverage of at least 200%. In
general, the term &#x201c;asset coverage&#x201d; for this purpose means the ratio the value of the total assets of the Fund, less all liabilities and indebtedness not represented by senior securities, bears to the
aggregate amount of senior securities representing indebtedness of the Fund plus the aggregate of the involuntary liquidation preference of the preferred stock. The involuntary liquidation preference refers to the
amount to which the preferred stock would be entitled on the involuntary liquidation of the Fund in preference to a security junior to it. Leverage involves certain additional risks, including that the cost of
leverage may exceed the return earned by the Fund on the proceeds of such leverage. In the event of a general market decline in the value of assets in which the Fund invests, the effect of that decline will be
magnified in the Fund because of the additional assets purchased with the proceeds of the leverage. In addition, funds borrowed pursuant a credit facility may constitute a substantial lien and burden by reason of
their prior claim against the income of the Fund and against the net assets of the Fund in liquidation. In the event of an event of default under a loan facility, lenders may have the right to cause a liquidation of
the collateral (i.e., sell portfolio securities and other assets of the Fund) and, if any such default is not cured, the lenders may be able to control the liquidation as well. A leverage facility agreement may
include covenants that impose on the Fund asset coverage requirements, Fund composition requirements and limits on certain investments, such as illiquid investments or derivatives, which are more stringent than those
imposed on the Fund by the 1940 Act. The covenants or guidelines could impede the Fund&#x2019;s Investment Adviser from fully managing the Fund&#x2019;s portfolio in accordance with the Fund&#x2019;s investment objective
and policies; however, because the Fund&#x2019;s use of leverage is expected</div>
</div>
<div style="float:right; overflow:hidden; position:relative; width:46.98%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">to be relatively modest and the Fund
generally is not expected to engage in derivatives transactions, the Fund&#x2019;s Investment Adviser currently does not believe that such restrictions would significantly impact its management of the Fund.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Large-Cap Securities Risk</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The securities of large
market capitalization companies may underperform other segments of the market because such companies may be less responsive to competitive challenges and opportunities and may be unable to attain high growth rates
during periods of economic expansion.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Mid-Cap Securities Risk</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Securities of medium-sized
companies tend to be more volatile and less liquid than securities of larger companies. Compared to larger companies, mid-cap securities tend to have analyst coverage by fewer Wall Street firms and may trade at prices
that reflect incomplete or inaccurate information. Medium-sized companies may have a shorter history of operations, less access to financing and a less diversified product line and be more susceptible to market
pressures and therefore have more volatile prices and company performance than larger companies. During some periods, securities of medium-sized companies, as an asset class, have underperformed the securities of
larger companies.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Preferred Stock</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The Fund may invest in
preferred stock. Preferred stock is a class of stock that often pays dividends at a specified rate and has preference over common stock in dividend payments and, to the extent proceeds are available after paying any
more senior creditors, liquidation of assets. Preferred stock may be convertible into common stock.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Sector Risk</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">To the extent that the Fund
has a significant portion of its assets invested in securities of companies conducting business in a broadly related group of industries within an economic sector, the Fund may be more vulnerable to unfavorable
developments in that economic sector than funds that invest more broadly.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:italic; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Financials Sector Risk.<font style="font-style:Normal"> To the extent that the financials sector continues to represent a significant portion of the Fund, the Fund will be sensitive to changes in, and its performance may depend to a greater
extent on, factors impacting this sector. Performance of companies in the financials sector may be adversely impacted by many factors, including, among others, regulations, consolidation, financial innovation,
technological progress, economic conditions, credit rating downgrades, changes in interest rates, decreased liquidity in credit markets, and bank failures. The impact of more stringent capital requirements, recent or
future failure of any individual financial company, or recent or future regulation of the</font></div>
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<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-left:auto; margin-top:0pt; width:26.81%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:10pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:100%">abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc.
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:10pt; padding-left:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:13.51%">43
</td></tr></table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="clear:both; font-size:12pt; height:0pt">
</div>
<hr style="margin-bottom:0pt">
<div style="page-break-before:always; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:12pt"><p style="margin:0pt">&#xa0;</p></div>
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="width:92.99%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:18pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:21pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Additional Information Regarding the
Fund&#xa0;<font style="font-size:11pt; line-height:14pt">(Unaudited) &#xa0;&#xa0;(continued)</font></div>
</div>
<div style="margin-top:6pt; width:92.99%">
<hr style="background-color:#000000; border-bottom:0pt; border-left:0pt; border-right:0pt; border-top:0.5pt solid #000000; height:0.5pt; width:100%; text-align: Left;">
</div>
<div style="margin-top:21.5pt">
<div style="float:left; overflow:hidden; position:relative; width:46.98%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">financials sector as a whole cannot be
predicted. In recent years, cyber attacks and technology malfunctions and failures have become increasingly frequent in this sector and have caused significant losses.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:italic; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Information Technology Sector
Risk. <font style="font-style:Normal">To the extent that the information technology sector continues to represent a significant portion of the Fund, the Fund will be sensitive to changes in, and its performance may depend to a
greater extent on, factors impacting this sector. Information technology companies face intense competition, both domestically and internationally, which may have an adverse effect on their profit margins. Like other
technology companies, information technology companies may have limited product lines, markets, financial resources or personnel. The products of information technology companies may face obsolescence due to rapid
technological developments, frequent new product introduction, unpredictable changes in growth rates, competition for the services of qualified personnel, and reduced availability of financing options. Companies in
the information technology sector are heavily dependent on patent and intellectual property rights. The loss or impairment of these rights may adversely affect the profitability of these companies.</font></div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Small-Cap Securities Risk</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">In general, securities of
small-cap companies trade in lower volumes and are subject to greater or more unpredictable price changes than larger cap securities or the market overall. Small-cap companies may have limited product lines or
markets, be less financially secure than larger companies, or depend on a small number of key personnel. If adverse developments occur, such as due to management changes or product failure, the Fund&#x2019;s investment
in a small-cap company may lose substantial value. Investing in small-cap companies requires a longer term investment view and may not be appropriate for all investors.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Valuation Risk</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The price the Fund could
receive upon the sale of any particular portfolio investment may differ from the Fund&#x2019;s valuation of the investment, particularly for securities that trade in thin or volatile markets or that are valued using a
fair valuation methodology or a price provided by an independent pricing service. As a result, the price received upon the sale of an investment may be less than the value ascribed by the Fund, and the Fund could
realize a greater than expected loss or lesser than expected gain upon the sale of the investment. Pricing services that value fixed-income securities generally utilize a range of market-based and security-specific
inputs and assumptions, as well as considerations about general market conditions, to establish a price. Pricing services generally value fixed- income securities assuming orderly transactions of an institutional
round lot size and the strategies employed by the Adviser generally trade in round lot sizes. In certain circumstances, fixed income</div>
</div>
<div style="float:right; overflow:hidden; position:relative; width:46.98%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">securities may be held or transactions may
be conducted in smaller, odd lot sizes. Odd lots may trade at lower or, occasionally, higher prices than institutional round lots. The Fund&#x2019;s ability to value its investments may also be impacted by
technological issues and/or errors by pricing services or other third-party service providers.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">In addition, since foreign
exchanges may be open on days when the Fund does not price its shares, the value of the securities in the Fund&#x2019;s portfolio may change on days when shareholders are not be able to purchase or sell the
Fund&#x2019;s shares on the NYSE American.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Debt Securities Risk</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The principal risks involved
with investments in debt securities include interest rate risk, credit risk and pre-payment risk. Interest rate risk refers to the likely decline in the value as interest rates rise. Generally, longer-term securities
are more susceptible to changes in value as a result of interest-rate changes than are shorter-term securities. Credit risk refers to the risk that an issuer of a security may default with respect to the payment of
principal and interest. Credit risk associated with a particular issuer may be affected by the actual or perceived financial condition or the credit rating of the issuer, the issuer&#x2019;s performance and
profitability, perceptions of the issuer in the market place, and government regulations impacting the industry in which the issuer operates. Pre-payment risk refers to the risk that debt obligations are prepaid ahead
of schedule. In this event, the proceeds from the prepaid securities would likely be reinvested by the Fund in securities bearing a lower interest rate. Pre-payment rates usually increase when interest rates are
falling. Lower-rated securities are more likely to react to developments affecting these risks than are more highly rated securities. The lower a security is rated, the more it is considered to be a speculative or
risky investment. Certain debt securities purchased by the Fund may have been placed privately. See &#x201c;Private Placements and Other Restricted Securities Risk.&#x201d;</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Cybersecurity Risk</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The Fund is subject to direct
cybersecurity risk. Cybersecurity incidents may allow an unauthorized party to gain access to Fund assets, customer data (including private shareholder information), or proprietary information, or cause the Fund, the
Investment Adviser and/or the Fund&#x2019;s service providers (including, but not limited to, Fund accountants, custodians, sub-custodians and transfer agents) to suffer data breaches, data corruption or lose
operational functionality. In addition, work-from-home arrangements by the Funds, the Investment Adviser or their service providers could increase all of the above risks, create additional data and information
accessibility concerns, and make the Funds, the Investment Adviser or their service providers susceptible to operational disruptions, any of which could adversely impact their operations. Furthermore, the Funds may be
an appealing target for cybersecurity threats such as hackers and malware.</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="clear:both">&#xa0;
<div style="clear:both; padding-top:13.5pt; width:100%">
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:0pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:10pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:3.08%">44
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:10pt; padding-left:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:97.46%">abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc.
</td></tr></table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="clear:both; font-size:12pt; height:0pt">
</div>
<hr style="margin-bottom:0pt">
<div style="page-break-before:always; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:12pt"><p style="margin:0pt">&#xa0;</p></div>
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="width:92.99%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:18pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:21pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Additional Information Regarding the
Fund&#xa0;<font style="font-size:11pt; line-height:14pt">(Unaudited) &#xa0;&#xa0;(continued)</font></div>
</div>
<div style="margin-top:6pt; width:92.99%">
<hr style="background-color:#000000; border-bottom:0pt; border-left:0pt; border-right:0pt; border-top:0.5pt solid #000000; height:0.5pt; width:100%; text-align: Left;">
</div>
<div style="margin-top:21.5pt">
<div style="float:left; overflow:hidden; position:relative; width:46.98%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">ESG Integration Risk</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:1pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">To the extent the ESG factors
are used to evaluate investments, the consideration of such factors may adversely affect the Fund&#x2019;s performance. Not every ESG factor may be identified or evaluated for every investment. ESG characteristics may
not be the only factors considered and, as a result, the issuers in which the Fund invests may not be issuers with favorable ESG characteristics or high ESG ratings. The application of ESG factors may result in the
Fund performing differently than its benchmark index and other funds in its peer group that do not consider ESG factors or consider different ESG&#xa0;factors.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:11pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:14pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">FUNDAMENTAL INVESTMENT
RESTRICTIONS</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The following restrictions
are fundamental policies, which cannot be changed without the approval of the holders of a majority of the Fund&#x2019;s outstanding voting securities, as that term is defined in the 1940 Act. In the event that the
Fund issues preferred shares, changes in investment restrictions would also require approval by a majority of the outstanding preferred shares, voting as a separate class. If a percentage restriction on investment or
use of assets set forth below is adhered to at the time a transaction is effected, later changes in a percentage resulting from changing values will not be considered a violation.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The Fund may not:</div>
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:6pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:6.98%">1.
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:2pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:93.02%">Invest 25% or more of the total value of its assets in a particular industry. This restriction does not apply to investments in United States government securities.
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:6pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:6.98%">2.
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:2pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:93.02%">Borrow money or issue senior securities, except that the Fund may enter into reverse repurchase agreements and may otherwise borrow money and issue senior securities as and to the extent permitted by
the 1940 Act or any rule, order or interpretation thereunder.
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:6pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:6.98%">3.
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:2pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:93.02%">Lend money to other persons except through the purchase of debt obligations and the entering into of repurchase agreements in the United States or Chile consistent with the Fund&#x2019;s investment
policies.
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:6pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:6.98%">4.
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:93.02%">Make short sales of securities or maintain a short position in any security.
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:6pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:6.98%">5.
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:2pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:93.02%">Purchase securities on margin, except such short-term credits as may be necessary or routine for the clearance or settlement of transactions and the maintenance of margin with respect to forward
contracts or other hedging transactions.
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:6pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:6.98%">6.
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:2pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:93.02%">Underwrite securities of other issuers, except insofar as the Fund may be deemed an underwriter under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, in selling portfolio securities.
</td></tr></table>
</div>
</div>
<div style="float:right; overflow:hidden; position:relative; width:46.98%">
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:6pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:2pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:6.98%">7.
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-left:2pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:93.02%">Purchase or sell commodities or real estate, except that the Fund may invest in securities secured by real estate or interests in real estate or in securities issued by companies, including real estate
investment trusts, that invest in real estate or interests in real estate, and may purchase and sell forward contracts on foreign currencies to the extent permitted under applicable law.
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">In addition to the foregoing
restrictions, the Fund is subject to investment limitations, portfolio diversification requirements and other restrictions imposed by certain emerging countries in which it invests.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:11pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:14pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">EFFECTS OF LEVERAGE</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The following table is
furnished in response to requirements of the SEC. It is designed to, among other things, illustrate the effects of leverage through the use of senior securities, as that term is defined under Section 18 of the 1940
Act, on Common Share total return, assuming investment portfolio total returns (consisting of income and changes in the value of investments held in a Fund&#x2019;s portfolio) of -10%, -5%, 0%, 5% and 10%. The table
below reflects the Fund&#x2019;s continued use of the revolving credit facility as of December 31, 2025 as a percentage of total managed assets (including assets attributable to such leverage) and the annual return
that the Fund&#x2019;s portfolio must experience (net of expenses) in order to cover such costs. The information below does not reflect the Fund&#x2019;s use of certain other forms of economic leverage achieved through
the use of other instruments or transactions not considered to be senior securities under the 1940 Act, such as covered reverse repurchase agreements, covered credit default swaps or other derivative instruments, if
any.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The assumed investment
portfolio returns in the table below are hypothetical figures and are not necessarily indicative of the investment portfolio returns experienced or expected to be experienced by the Fund. Your actual returns may be
greater or less than those appearing below. In addition, actual borrowing expenses associated with borrowings used by the Fund may vary frequently and may be significantly higher or lower than the rate used for the
example below.</div>
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:0pt; width:100.00%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12pt; padding-bottom:2pt; padding-left:15pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-indent:-9pt; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:29.66%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Assumed<br>
annual<br>
returns on<br>
the Fund's<br>
portfolio<br>
(net of<br>
expenses)
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12pt; padding-bottom:2pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:14.60%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">(10%)
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12pt; padding-bottom:2pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:13.45%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">(5%)
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12pt; padding-bottom:2pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:13.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">0%
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12pt; padding-bottom:2pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:12.38%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">5%
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12pt; padding-bottom:2pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:14.05%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">10%
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:2pt; padding-left:16pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:2.38pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-indent:-10pt; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:29.66%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Corresponding<br>
return of<br>
shareholder
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:2pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:2.38pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:14.60%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">(11.3%)
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:2pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:2.38pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:13.45%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">(5.9%)
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:2pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:2.38pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:13.54%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">(0.5%)
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:2pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:2.38pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:12.38%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">5.0%
</td><td style="border-bottom:0.5pt solid #000000; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; padding-bottom:2pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:2.38pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:14.05%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">10.4%
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Based on estimated
indebtedness of $27,000,000 (representing approximately 8.02% of the Fund&#x2019;s Managed Assets as of</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="clear:both">&#xa0;
<div style="clear:both; padding-top:22.5pt; width:100%">
<div style="text-align:right">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-left:auto; margin-top:0pt; width:26.81%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:10pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:100%">abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc.
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:10pt; padding-left:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:13.51%">45
</td></tr></table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="clear:both; font-size:12pt; height:0pt">
</div>
<hr style="margin-bottom:0pt">
<div style="page-break-before:always; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:12pt"><p style="margin:0pt">&#xa0;</p></div>
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="width:92.99%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:18pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:21pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Additional Information Regarding the
Fund&#xa0;<font style="font-size:11pt; line-height:14pt">(Unaudited) &#xa0;&#xa0;(concluded)</font></div>
</div>
<div style="margin-top:6pt; width:92.99%">
<hr style="background-color:#000000; border-bottom:0pt; border-left:0pt; border-right:0pt; border-top:0.5pt solid #000000; height:0.5pt; width:100%; text-align: Left;">
</div>
<div style="margin-top:21.5pt">
<div style="float:left; overflow:hidden; position:relative; width:46.98%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">December 31, 2025), and an average annual
interest rate of 5.31% (effective interest rate as of December 31, 2025), the Fund&#x2019;s investment portfolio at fair value would have to produce an annual return of approximately 0.43% to cover annual interest
payments on the estimated debt.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Share total return is
composed of two elements &#x2013; the distributions paid by the Fund to holders of shares (the amount of which is largely determined by the net investment income of the Fund after paying dividend payments on any
preferred shares issued by the Fund and expenses on any forms of leverage outstanding) and gains or losses on the value of the securities and other instruments the Fund owns. As required by SEC rules, the table
assumes that the Fund is more likely to suffer capital losses than to enjoy capital appreciation. For example, to assume a total return of 0%, the Fund must assume that the income it receives on its investments is
entirely offset by losses in</div>
</div>
<div style="float:right; overflow:hidden; position:relative; width:46.98%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">the value of those investments. This table
reflects hypothetical performance of the Fund&#x2019;s portfolio and not the actual performance of the Fund&#x2019;s shares, the value of which is determined by market forces and other factors.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Should the Fund elect to add
additional leverage to its portfolio, any benefits of such additional leverage cannot be fully achieved until the proceeds resulting from the use of such leverage have been received by the Fund and invested in
accordance with the Fund&#x2019;s investment objective and policies. As noted above, the Fund&#x2019;s willingness to use additional leverage, and the extent to which leverage is used at any time, will depend on many
factors, including, among other things, the Adviser&#x2019;s assessment of the yield curve environment, interest rate trends, market conditions and other factors.&#xa0;</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="clear:both">&#xa0;
<div style="clear:both; padding-top:452.5pt; width:100%">
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:0pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:10pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:3.08%">46
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:10pt; padding-left:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:97.46%">abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc.
</td></tr></table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="clear:both; font-size:12pt; height:0pt">
</div>
<hr style="margin-bottom:0pt">
<div style="page-break-before:always; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:12pt"><p style="margin:0pt">&#xa0;</p></div>
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="width:92.99%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:18pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:21pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Dividend Reinvestment and Optional Cash Purchase
Plan&#xa0;<font style="font-size:11pt; line-height:14pt"> (Unaudited)&#xa0;</font></div>
</div>
<div style="margin-top:6pt; width:92.99%">
<hr style="background-color:#000000; border-bottom:0pt; border-left:0pt; border-right:0pt; border-top:0.5pt solid #000000; height:0.5pt; width:100%; text-align: Left;">
</div>
<div style="margin-top:21.5pt">
<div style="float:left; overflow:hidden; position:relative; width:46.98%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The Fund intends to distribute to
shareholders substantially all of its net investment income and to distribute any net realized capital gains at least annually. Net investment income for this purpose is income other than net realized long-term and
short-term capital gains net of expenses. Pursuant to the Dividend Reinvestment and Optional Cash Purchase Plan (the &#x201c;Plan&#x201d;), shareholders whose shares of common stock are registered in their own names
will be deemed to have elected to have all distributions automatically reinvested by Computershare Trust Company N.A. (the &#x201c;Plan Agent&#x201d;) in the Fund shares pursuant to the Plan, unless such shareholders
elect to receive distributions in cash. Shareholders who elect to receive distributions in cash will receive such distributions paid by check in U.S. Dollars mailed directly to the shareholder by the Plan Agent, as
dividend paying agent. In the case of shareholders such as banks, brokers or nominees that hold shares for others who are beneficial owners, the Plan Agent will administer the Plan on the basis of the number of shares
certified from time to time by the shareholders as representing the total amount registered in such shareholders&#x2019; names and held for the account of beneficial owners that have not elected to receive
distributions in cash. Investors that own shares registered in the name of a bank, broker or other nominee should consult with such nominee as to participation in the Plan through such nominee and may be required to
have their shares registered in their own names in order to participate in the Plan. Please note that the Fund does not issue certificates so all shares will be registered in book entry form. The Plan Agent serves as
agent for the shareholders in administering the Plan. If the Directors of the Fund declare an income dividend or a capital gains distribution payable either in the Fund&#x2019;s common stock or in cash, nonparticipants
in the Plan will receive cash and participants in the Plan will receive common stock, to be issued by the Fund or purchased by the Plan Agent in the open market, as provided below. If the market price per share (plus
expected per share fees) on the valuation date equals or exceeds NAV per share on that date, the Fund will issue new shares to participants at NAV; provided, however, that if the NAV is less than 95% of the market
price on the valuation date, then such shares will be issued at 95% of the market price. The valuation date will be the payable date for such distribution or dividend or, if that date is not a trading day on the NYSE
American, the immediately preceding trading date. If NAV exceeds the market price of Fund shares at such time, or if the Fund should declare an income dividend or capital gains distribution payable only in cash, the
Plan Agent will, as agent for the participants, buy Fund shares in the open market, on the NYSE American or elsewhere, for the participants&#x2019; accounts on, or shortly after, the payment date. If, before the Plan
Agent has completed its purchases, the market price exceeds the NAV of the Fund's share, the average per share purchase price paid by the Plan Agent may exceed the NAV of the Fund&#x2019;s shares, resulting in the
acquisition of fewer shares than if the distribution had been paid in shares issued by the Fund on the dividend payment date. Because of</div>
</div>
<div style="float:right; overflow:hidden; position:relative; width:46.98%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">the foregoing difficulty with respect to
open-market purchases, the Plan provides that if the Plan Agent is unable to invest the full dividend amount in open-market purchases during the purchase period or if the market discount shifts to a market premium
during the purchase period, the Plan Agent will cease making open-market purchases and will receive the uninvested portion of the dividend amount in newly issued shares at the close of business on the last purchase
date.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Participants have the option
of making additional cash payments of a minimum of $50 per investment (by check, one-time online bank debit or recurring automatic monthly ACH debit) to the Plan Agent for investment in the Fund&#x2019;s common stock,
with an annual maximum contribution of $250,000. The Plan Agent will wait up to three business days after receipt of a check or electronic funds transfer to ensure it receives good funds. Following confirmation of
receipt of good funds, the Plan Agent will use all such funds received from participants to purchase Fund shares in the open market on the 25th day of each month or the next trading day if the 25th is not a trading
day.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">If the participant sets up
recurring automatic monthly ACH debits, funds will be withdrawn from his or her U.S. bank account on the 20th of each month or the next business day if the 20th is not a banking business day and invested on the next
investment date. The Plan Agent maintains all shareholder accounts in the Plan and furnishes written confirmations of all transactions in an account, including information needed by shareholders for personal and tax
records. Shares in the account of each Plan participant will be held by the Plan Agent in the name of the participant, and each shareholder&#x2019;s proxy will include those shares purchased pursuant to the Plan. There
will be no brokerage charges with respect to common shares issued directly by the Fund. However, each participant will pay a per share fee of $0.02 incurred with respect to the Plan Agent&#x2019;s open market purchases
in connection with the reinvestment of dividends, capital gains distributions and voluntary cash payments made by the participant. Per share fees include any applicable brokerage commissions the Plan Agent is required
to pay.</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Participants also have the
option of selling their shares through the Plan. The Plan supports two types of sales orders. Batch order sales are submitted on each market day and will be grouped with other sale requests to be sold. The price will
be the average sale price obtained by Computershare&#x2019;s broker, net of fees, for each batch order and will be sold generally within 2 business days of the request during regular open market hours. Please note that
all written sales requests are always processed by Batch Order. ($10 and $0.12 per share). Market Order sales will sell at the next available trade. The shares are sold real time when they hit the market, however an
available trade must be presented to complete this transaction. Market Order sales may only</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="clear:both">&#xa0;
<div style="clear:both; padding-top:16.5pt; width:100%">
<div style="text-align:right">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-left:auto; margin-top:0pt; width:26.81%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:10pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:100%">abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc.
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:10pt; padding-left:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:13.51%">47
</td></tr></table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="clear:both; font-size:12pt; height:0pt">
</div>
<hr style="margin-bottom:0pt">
<div style="page-break-before:always; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:12pt"><p style="margin:0pt">&#xa0;</p></div>
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="width:92.99%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:18pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:21pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Dividend Reinvestment and Optional Cash Purchase
Plan&#xa0;<font style="font-size:11pt; line-height:14pt"> (Unaudited)&#xa0;&#xa0;(concluded)</font></div>
</div>
<div style="margin-top:6pt; width:92.99%">
<hr style="background-color:#000000; border-bottom:0pt; border-left:0pt; border-right:0pt; border-top:0.5pt solid #000000; height:0.5pt; width:100%; text-align: Left;">
</div>
<div style="margin-top:21.5pt">
<div style="float:left; overflow:hidden; position:relative; width:46.98%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">be requested by phone at 1-800-647-0584 or
using Investor Center through www.computershare.com/buyaberdeen. ($25 and $0.12 per share).</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The receipt of dividends and
distributions under the Plan will not relieve participants of any income tax that may be payable on such dividends or distributions. The Fund or the Plan Agent may terminate the Plan as applied to any voluntary cash
payments made and any dividend or distribution paid subsequent to notice of the termination sent to members of the Plan at least 30 days prior to the record date for such dividend or distribution. The Plan also may be
amended by</div>
</div>
<div style="float:right; overflow:hidden; position:relative; width:46.98%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; text-align:justify; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">the Fund or the Plan Agent, but (except when
necessary or appropriate to comply with applicable law or the rules or policies of the Securities and Exchange Commission or any other regulatory authority) only by mailing a written notice at least 30 days prior to
the effective date to the participants in the Plan. All correspondence concerning the Plan should be directed to the Plan Agent by phone at 1-800-647-0584, using Investor Center through <font style="color:#0000FF; text-decoration:underline">www.computershare.com/buyaberdeen</font> or in writing to Computershare Trust Company N.A., P.O. Box 43006, Providence, RI 02940-3078.&#xa0;</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="clear:both">&#xa0;
<div style="clear:both; padding-top:517.5pt; width:100%">
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:0pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:10pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:3.08%">48
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:10pt; padding-left:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:97.46%">abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc.
</td></tr></table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="clear:both; font-size:12pt; height:0pt">
</div>
<hr style="margin-bottom:0pt">
<div style="page-break-before:always; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:12pt"><p style="margin:0pt">&#xa0;</p></div>
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:18pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:21pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Management of the Fund&#xa0;<font style="font-size:11pt; line-height:14pt"> (Unaudited)&#xa0;</font></div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:11pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:14pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">As of December 31, 2025<br>
</div>
<hr style="background-color:#000000; border-bottom:0pt; border-left:0pt; border-right:0pt; border-top:0.5pt solid #000000; height:0.5pt; width:100%; text-align: Left;">
</div>
<div style="margin-top:18.5pt; width:100%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">The names, years of birth and
business addresses of the Board Members and officers of the Fund as of December 31, 2025, their principal occupations during at least the past five years, the number of portfolios each Board Member oversees and other
directorships they hold are provided in the tables below. Board Members that are deemed &#x201c;interested persons&#x201d; (as that term is defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended)
of the Fund or the Fund's Adviser are included in the table below under the heading &#x201c;Interested Board Members.&#x201d; Board Members who are not interested persons, as described above, are referred to in the
table below under the heading &#x201c;Independent Board Members.&#x201d; abrdn Inc., its parent company Aberdeen Group plc, and its advisory affiliates are collectively referred to as &#x201c;Aberdeen&#x201d; in the
tables below.</div>
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:0pt; width:99.28%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:2.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:5pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:17.53%; background-color: #D9D9D9;">Name, Address and<br>
Year of Birth
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:2.25pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:5pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:13.32%; background-color: #D9D9D9;">Position(s) Held<br>
with the Fund
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:2.25pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:5pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:11.31%; background-color: #D9D9D9;">Term of Office<br>
and Length of<br>
Time Served
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:2.25pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:5pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:22.06%; background-color: #D9D9D9;">Principal Occupation(s)<br>
During at Least the Past Five Years
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:2.25pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:5pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:17.16%; background-color: #D9D9D9;">Number of Registered<br>
Investment Companies<br>
("Registrants") consisting<br>
of Investment Portfolios<br>
("Portfolios") in<br>
Fund Complex*<br>
Overseen by<br>
Board Members
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:2.25pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:5pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:17.88%; background-color: #D9D9D9;">Other<br>
Directorships<br>
Held by<br>
Board Member**
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:17.53%; background-color: #F0F0F0;"><font style="text-decoration:underline">Independent Board Members</font>
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; vertical-align:top; width:13.32%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; vertical-align:top; width:11.31%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; vertical-align:top; width:22.06%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:center; vertical-align:top; width:17.16%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td><td style="line-height:0pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; vertical-align:top; width:17.88%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">&#xa0;
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:17.53%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Anthony S. Clark<br>
c\o abrdn Inc.<br>
1900 Market Street<br>
Suite 200<br>
Philadelphia, PA 19103<br>
Year of Birth: 1953
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:13.32%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Class II Director
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:11.31%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Term expires 2028; Director since 2025
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:22.06%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Mr. Clark has been the Managing Member of Innovation Capital Management LLC, a registered investment adviser, since January 2016. Previously, Mr. Clark was Chief
Investment Officer of the Pennsylvania State Employees&#x2019; Retirement System, Deputy Chief Investment Officer of the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation, and Director of Global Equities in the Investment
Department of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. Mr. Clark is a Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA).
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:17.16%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">1 Registrant<br>
consisting of<br>
1 Portfolio
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:17.88%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Director of The Taiwan Fund, Inc. since 2017
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:4.5pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:17.53%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">C. William Maher<br>
c\o abrdn Inc.<br>
1900 Market Street<br>
Suite 200<br>
Philadelphia, PA 19103<br>
Year of Birth: 1961
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:4.5pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:13.32%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Class II Director
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:4.5pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:11.31%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Term expires 2028; Director since 2018
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:4.5pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:22.06%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Mr. Maher is a Co-founder of Asymmetric Capital Management LLC from May 2018 to September 2020. Formerly Chief Executive Officer of Santa Barbara
Tax Products Group ("SBTPG") from October 2014 to April 2016. Previously, he held senior financial leadership positions as CFO for SBTPG, CFO and Managing Director at LPL Financial, CFO and Managing Director at
Nicholas Applegate Capital Management and CFO at Mitchell Hutchins Asset Management.
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:4.5pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:17.16%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">6 Registrants<br>
consisting of<br>
6 Portfolios
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:4.5pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:17.88%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">None.
</td></tr></table>
</div>
</div>
<div style="margin-top:168pt; width:100%">
<div style="text-align:right">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-left:auto; margin-top:0pt; width:26.81%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:10pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:100%">abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc.
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:10pt; padding-left:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:13.51%">49
</td></tr></table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="clear:both; font-size:12pt; height:0pt">
</div>
<hr style="margin-bottom:0pt">
<div style="page-break-before:always; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:12pt"><p style="margin:0pt">&#xa0;</p></div>
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:18pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:21pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Management of the Fund&#xa0;<font style="font-size:11pt; line-height:14pt"> (Unaudited)&#xa0;&#xa0;(continued)</font></div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:11pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:14pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">As of December 31, 2025<br>
</div>
<hr style="background-color:#000000; border-bottom:0pt; border-left:0pt; border-right:0pt; border-top:0.5pt solid #000000; height:0.5pt; width:100%; text-align: Left;">
</div>
<div style="margin-top:82.5pt; width:100%">
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:0pt; width:99.28%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:2.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:5pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:17.53%; background-color: #D9D9D9;">Name, Address and<br>
Year of Birth
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:2.25pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:5pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:13.32%; background-color: #D9D9D9;">Position(s) Held<br>
with the Fund
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:2.25pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:5pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:11.31%; background-color: #D9D9D9;">Term of Office<br>
and Length of<br>
Time Served
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:2.25pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:5pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:22.06%; background-color: #D9D9D9;">Principal Occupation(s)<br>
During at Least the Past Five Years
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:2.25pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:5pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:17.16%; background-color: #D9D9D9;">Number of Registered<br>
Investment Companies<br>
("Registrants") consisting<br>
of Investment Portfolios<br>
("Portfolios") in<br>
Fund Complex*<br>
Overseen by<br>
Board Members
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:2.25pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:5pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:17.88%; background-color: #D9D9D9;">Other<br>
Directorships<br>
Held by<br>
Board Member**
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:17.53%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Rahn K. Porter<br>
c/o abrdn Inc.<br>
875 Third Ave<br>
4th Floor, Suite 403<br>
New York, NY 10022<br>
Year of Birth: 1954
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:13.32%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Chair of the Fund; Class I Director
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:11.31%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Term expires 2027; Director since 2018
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:22.06%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Mr. Porter is the Principal of RPSS Enterprises, a consulting and advisory firm, a role he has held since 2019. From 2013 to 2021, he served as the Chief Financial
and Administrative Officer of The Colorado Health Foundation. Mr. Porter served as an independent director at Centurylink Investment Management Company from 2011 to 2024. Previously, he held senior financial
leadership positions as CFO at Telenet and Nupremis, and as Treasurer at Qwest Communications and MediaOne Group. He has also served as a board member and audit chair for BlackRidge Financial Inc. and Community First
Bancshares, Inc.
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:17.16%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">7 Registrants<br>
consisting of<br>
24 Portfolios
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:17.88%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Director of CenturyLink Investment Management Company 2006-2024, Director of BlackRidge Financial Inc. from 2004 to 2019.
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:4.5pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:17.53%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Nancy Yao<br>
c\o abrdn Inc.<br>
1900 Market Street<br>
Suite 200<br>
Philadelphia, PA 19103<br>
Year of Birth: 1972
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:4.5pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:13.32%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Class I Director
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:4.5pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:11.31%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Term expires 2027; Director since 2018
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:4.5pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:22.06%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Ms. Yao has over 25 years of Asia, finance, and governance experience in for profit and non-profit organizations, including Goldman Sachs, CFRA,
and the Yale-China Association. She is an assistant professor adjunct at Yale University where she teaches financial accounting and governance. Ms. Yao is a board member of the National Committee on U.S.-China
Relations and a member of the Council on Foreign Relations. She also serves as an assistant dean at the David Geffen School of Drama at Yale. She received her MBA from the Yale School of Management and her AB in
Diplomacy and World Affairs at Occidental College.&#xa0;
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:4.5pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:17.16%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">8 Registrants<br>
consisting of<br>
8 Portfolios
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:4.5pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:17.88%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">None.
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0;</div>
<div style="text-align:center">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto; margin-top:11pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:3pt; padding-top:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:1.92%">*
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:3pt; padding-top:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:98.62%">As of the date of this report, the Fund Complex has a total of 17 Registrants with each Board member serving on the Boards of the number of Registrants listed. Each Registrant in the Fund Complex has
one Portfolio except for two Registrants that are open-end funds, abrdn Funds and abrdn ETFs, which each have multiple Portfolios. The Registrants in the Fund Complex are as follows: abrdn Asia-Pacific Income Fund,
Inc., abrdn Global Income Fund, Inc., abrdn Australia Equity Fund, Inc., abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc., Aberdeen India Fund, Inc., abrdn Income Credit Strategies Fund, abrdn Global Dynamic Dividend Fund,
abrdn Global Premier Properties Fund, abrdn Total Dynamic Dividend Fund, abrdn Global Infrastructure Income Fund, abrdn National Municipal Income Fund, abrdn Healthcare Investors, abrdn Life Sciences Investors, abrdn
Healthcare Opportunities Fund, abrdn World Healthcare Fund, abrdn Funds (16 Portfolios), and abrdn ETFs (2 Portfolios).
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:3pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:1.92%">**
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:3pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:98.62%">Current directorships (excluding Fund Complex) as of the date of this report held in (1) any other investment companies registered under the 1940 Act, (2) any company with a class of
securities registered pursuant to Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the &#x201c;1934 Act&#x201d;) or (3) any company subject to the requirements of Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act.
</td></tr></table>
</div>
</div>
<div style="margin-top:64pt; width:100%">
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:0pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:10pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:3.08%">50
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:10pt; padding-left:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:97.46%">abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc.
</td></tr></table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="clear:both; font-size:12pt; height:0pt">
</div>
<hr style="margin-bottom:0pt">
<div style="page-break-before:always; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:12pt"><p style="margin:0pt">&#xa0;</p></div>
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:18pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:21pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Management of the Fund&#xa0;<font style="font-size:11pt; line-height:14pt"> (Unaudited)&#xa0;&#xa0;(continued)</font></div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:11pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:14pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">As of December 31, 2025<br>
</div>
<hr style="background-color:#000000; border-bottom:0pt; border-left:0pt; border-right:0pt; border-top:0.5pt solid #000000; height:0.5pt; width:100%; text-align: Left;">
</div>
<div style="margin-top:19.5pt; width:100%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:11pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:14pt; margin-top:10pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Officers of the Fund</div>
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:0pt; width:99.28%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:2.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:5pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:18.42%; background-color: #D9D9D9;">Name, Address and<br>
Year of Birth
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:2.25pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:5pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:11.86%; background-color: #D9D9D9;">Position(s) Held<br>
with the Fund
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:2.25pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:5pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:11.31%; background-color: #D9D9D9;">Term of Office*<br>
and Length of<br>
Time Served
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:2.25pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:5pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:57.68%; background-color: #D9D9D9;">Principal Occupation(s) During at Least the Past Five Years
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:18.42%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Sharon Ferrari**<br>
c\o abrdn Inc.<br>
1900 Market Street<br>
Suite 200<br>
Philadelphia, PA 19103<br>
Year of Birth: 1977
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:11.86%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Treasurer and Chief Financial Officer
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:11.31%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Treasurer and Chief Financial Officer Since 2023; Fund Officer Since 2011
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:57.68%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Currently, Director, Product Management for Aberdeen. Ms. Ferrari joined Aberdeen as a Senior Fund Administrator in 2008.
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:18.42%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Katie Gebauer**<br>
c\o abrdn Inc.<br>
1900 Market Street<br>
Suite 200<br>
Philadelphia, PA 19103<br>
Year of Birth: 1986
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:11.86%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Chief Compliance Officer &amp; Vice President - Compliance
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:11.31%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Chief Compliance Officer Since 2025; Fund Officer Since 2023
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:57.68%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Currently, Ms. Gebauer is Head of US Registered Fund Compliance. She serves as the Chief Compliance Officer for Aberdeen's US closed end funds, open end funds and
ETFs. Ms. Gebauer joined Aberdeen in 2014.
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:18.42%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Alan Goodson**<br>
c\o abrdn Inc.<br>
1900 Market Street<br>
Suite 200<br>
Philadelphia, PA 19103<br>
Year of Birth: 1974
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:11.86%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Chief Executive Officer and President
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:11.31%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Since 2009
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:57.68%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Currently, Executive Director and Head of Product &amp; Client Solutions &#x2013; Americas for Aberdeen, overseeing Product Management &amp; Governance, Product
Development and Client Solutions for registered and unregistered investment companies in the U.S., Brazil and Canada. Mr. Goodson is Director and Vice President of Aberdeen and joined Aberdeen in 2000.
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:18.42%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Heather Hasson**<br>
c\o abrdn Inc.<br>
1900 Market Street<br>
Suite 200<br>
Philadelphia, PA 19103<br>
Year of Birth: 1982
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:11.86%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Vice President
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:11.31%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Since 2012
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:57.68%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Currently, Senior Product Development Manager. Previously, Senior Product Solutions and Implementation Manager, Product Governance US for Aberdeen. Ms.&#xa0;Hasson
joined the company in November 2006.
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:18.42%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Robert Hepp**<br>
c\o abrdn Inc.<br>
1900 Market Street<br>
Suite 200<br>
Philadelphia, PA 19103<br>
Year of Birth: 1986
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:11.86%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Vice President
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:11.31%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Since 2022
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:57.68%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Currently, Senior Product Governance Manager &#x2013; US for Aberdeen. Mr.&#xa0;Hepp joined Aberdeen as a Senior Paralegal in 2016.
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:18.42%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Devan Kaloo**<br>
c/o abrdn Investments Limited<br>
280 Bishopsgate<br>
London, EC2M 4AG<br>
Year of Birth: 1972
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:11.86%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Vice President
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:11.31%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Since 2009
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:57.68%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Currently, Global Head of Public Markets, Equities for Aberdeen. Mr. Kaloo joined Aberdeen in 2000 as part of the Asian equities team in Singapore.
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:18.42%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Megan Kennedy**<br>
c\o abrdn Inc.<br>
1900 Market Street<br>
Suite 200<br>
Philadelphia, PA 19103<br>
Year of Birth: 1974
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:11.86%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Secretary and Vice President
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:11.31%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Since 2009
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:57.68%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Currently, Senior Director,&#xa0; Product Governance for Aberdeen. Ms. Kennedy joined Aberdeen in 2005.
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:18.42%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Andrew Kim**<br>
c\o abrdn Inc.<br>
1900 Market Street<br>
Suite 200<br>
Philadelphia, PA 19103<br>
Year of Birth: 1983
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:11.86%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Vice President
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:11.31%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Since 2022
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:57.68%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Currently, Senior Product Governance Manager &#x2013; US for Aberdeen. Mr. Kim joined Aberdeen as a Product Manager in 2013.
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:4.5pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:18.42%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Michael Marsico**<br>
c\o abrdn Inc.<br>
1900 Market Street<br>
Suite 200<br>
Philadelphia, PA 19103<br>
Year of Birth: 1980
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:4.5pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:11.86%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Vice President
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:4.5pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:11.31%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Since 2022
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:4.5pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:57.68%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Currently, Senior Product Manager &#x2013; US for Aberdeen. Mr.&#xa0;Marsico joined Aberdeen as a Fund Administrator in 2014.
</td></tr></table>
</div>
</div>
<div style="margin-top:44pt; width:100%">
<div style="text-align:right">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-left:auto; margin-top:0pt; width:26.81%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:10pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:100%">abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc.
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:10pt; padding-left:3pt; text-align:right; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:13.51%">51
</td></tr></table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="clear:both; font-size:12pt; height:0pt">
</div>
<hr style="margin-bottom:0pt">
<div style="page-break-before:always; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:12pt"><p style="margin:0pt">&#xa0;</p></div>
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:18pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:21pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Management of the Fund&#xa0;<font style="font-size:11pt; line-height:14pt"> (Unaudited)&#xa0;&#xa0;(concluded)</font></div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:11pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:14pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">As of December 31, 2025<br>
</div>
<hr style="background-color:#000000; border-bottom:0pt; border-left:0pt; border-right:0pt; border-top:0.5pt solid #000000; height:0.5pt; width:100%; text-align: Left;">
</div>
<div style="margin-top:32.5pt; width:100%">
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:0pt; width:99.28%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:2.25pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:5pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:18.42%; background-color: #D9D9D9;">Name, Address and<br>
Year of Birth
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:2.25pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:5pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:11.86%; background-color: #D9D9D9;">Position(s) Held<br>
with the Fund
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:2.25pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:5pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:11.31%; background-color: #D9D9D9;">Term of Office*<br>
and Length of<br>
Time Served
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:2.25pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:5pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:57.68%; background-color: #D9D9D9;">Principal Occupation(s) During at Least the Past Five Years
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:18.42%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Christian Pittard**<br>
c\o abrdn Inc.<br>
1900 Market Street<br>
Suite 200<br>
Philadelphia, PA 19103<br>
Year of Birth: 1973
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:11.86%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Vice President
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:11.31%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Since 2009
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:57.68%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Mr. Pittard is Head of Closed End Funds for Aberdeen and is responsible for the US and UK businesses. Aberdeen is currently the 5th largest listed Closed-End Fund
manager in the world. He is also Managing Director of Corporate Finance, having done a significant number of closed end fund transactions in the US and UK since joining abrdn in 1999. Previously, he was Head of the
Americas and the North American Funds business for Aberdeen based in the US.
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:18.42%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Heather Reilly**<br>
c\o abrdn Inc.<br>
1900 Market Street<br>
Suite 200<br>
Philadelphia, PA 19103<br>
Year of Birth: 1968
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:11.86%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Vice President
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:11.31%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Since 2022
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:57.68%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Currently, a Senior Product Governance Manager for Aberdeen. Ms.&#xa0;Reilly joined Aberdeen in 2022.
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:18.42%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Nick Robinson**<br>
c/o abrdn Investments Limited<br>
280 Bishopsgate<br>
London, EC2M 4AG<br>
Year of Birth: 1978
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:11.86%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Vice President
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:11.31%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Since 2011
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:57.68%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Currently, Deputy Head of Global Emerging Markets Equity team at Aberdeen since 2016. Previously, Mr. Robinson was a Director and Head of Brazilian Equities, of
Aberdeen&#x2019;s operations in Sao Paulo, Brazil from 2009 to 2016.
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:18.42%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Kolotioloma Silue**<br>
c\o abrdn Inc.<br>
1900 Market Street<br>
Suite 200<br>
Philadelphia, PA 19103<br>
Year of Birth: 1977
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:11.86%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Vice President
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:11.31%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Since 2024
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:57.68%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Currently, Senior Product Manager for Aberdeen. Mr.&#xa0;Silue joined Aberdeen in October 2023 from Tekla Capital Management where he was employed as a Senior
Manager of Fund Administration.
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:18.42%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Lucia Sitar**<br>
c\o abrdn Inc.<br>
1900 Market Street<br>
Suite 200<br>
Philadelphia, PA 19103<br>
Year of Birth: 1971
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:11.86%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Vice President
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:11.31%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Since 2009
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:57.68%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Currently, Vice President and U.S. Counsel - Head of Product Governance for Aberdeen. Previously, Ms. Sitar was Head of Product Governance and Management and
Managing&#xa0;U.S. Counsel for Aberdeen. She joined Aberdeen as U.S. Counsel in 2007.
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:4.5pt; padding-left:6pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:18.42%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Michael Taggart**<br>
c\o abrdn Inc.<br>
1900 Market Street<br>
Suite 200<br>
Philadelphia, PA 19103<br>
Year of Birth: 1970&#xa0;
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:4.5pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:11.86%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Vice President
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:4.5pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:4pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:11.31%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Since 2024
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:4.5pt; padding-left:4pt; padding-right:6pt; padding-top:2.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:57.68%; background-color: #F0F0F0;">Currently, Head of Closed-End Fund Investor Relations at Aberdeen. since 2023. Prior to that, he was Vice President of Investment Research and
Operations at Relative Value Partners, LLC from June 2022. Prior to that, he was self-employed after having left Nuveen in November 2020, where he had served as Vice President of Closed-End Fund Product Strategy since
November 2013.
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0;</div>
<div style="text-align:center">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto; margin-top:11pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:3pt; padding-top:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:1.92%">*
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-left:3pt; padding-top:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:98.62%">Officers hold their positions with the Fund until a successor has been duly elected and qualifies. Officers are elected annually at a meeting of the Fund Board.
</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:3pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap; width:1.92%">**
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:8pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:11pt; padding-bottom:3pt; padding-left:3pt; padding-top:1.25pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:top; width:98.62%">Each officer may hold officer position(s) in one or more other funds which are part of the Fund Complex.
</td></tr></table>
</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9.5pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12.5pt; margin-top:5pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Further information about the
Fund's Board Members and Officers is available in the Fund's Statement of Additional Information, which can be obtained without charge by calling (800) 522-5465.&#xa0;</div>
</div>
<div style="margin-top:195pt; width:100%">
<div style="text-align:left">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse; empty-cells:show; margin-top:0pt; width:100%; border-spacing: 0px;" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:10pt; padding-left:0pt; padding-right:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; white-space:nowrap; width:3.08%">52
</td><td style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:7pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:10pt; padding-left:3pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none; vertical-align:bottom; width:97.46%">abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc.
</td></tr></table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="clear:both; font-size:12pt; height:0pt">
</div>
<hr style="margin-bottom:0pt">
<div style="page-break-before:always; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:12pt"><p style="margin:0pt">&#xa0;</p></div>
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:18pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:21pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Corporate Information<font style="font-size:11pt; line-height:14pt">&#xa0;</font></div>
</div>
<div style="margin-top:2pt; width:100%">
<hr style="background-color:#000000; border-bottom:0pt; border-left:0pt; border-right:0pt; border-top:0.5pt solid #000000; height:0.5pt; width:100%; text-align: Left;">
</div>
<div style="margin-top:26.5pt">
<div style="float:left; overflow:hidden; position:relative; width:48%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Directors</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Rahn Porter, <font style="font-style:italic">Chair<br>
</font>Anthony S. Clark<br>
C. William Maher<br>
Nancy Yao</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12pt; margin-top:11pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Investment Adviser</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">abrdn Investments Limited<br>
1 George Street<br>
Edinburgh, EH2 2LL<br>
United Kingdom</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12pt; margin-top:11pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Administrator</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">abrdn Inc.<br>
1900 Market Street, Suite 200<br>
Philadelphia, PA 19103</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12pt; margin-top:11pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Custodian</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">State Street Bank and Trust Company<br>
John Adams Building<br>
1776 Heritage Drive<br>
North Quincy, MA 02171</div>
</div>
<div style="float:right; overflow:hidden; position:relative; width:48%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Transfer Agent</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Computershare Trust Company, N.A.<br>
P.O. Box 43006<br>
Providence, RI 02940-3078</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12pt; margin-top:11pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Independent Registered Public
Accounting Firm</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">KPMG LLP<br>
191 West Nationwide Blvd., Suite 500<br>
Columbus, OH 43215</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12pt; margin-top:11pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Legal Counsel</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Dechert LLP<br>
1900 K Street N.W.<br>
Washington, D.C. 20006</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:bold; line-height:12pt; margin-top:11pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Investor Relations</div>
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">abrdn Inc.<br>
1900 Market Street, Suite 200<br>
Philadelphia, PA 19103<br>
1-800-522-5465<br>
Investor.Relations@aberdeenplc.com</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="clear:both">&#xa0;
<div style="clear:both; padding-top:223pt; width:100%">
<div style="margin-left:38.41%; margin-top:5pt; text-align:Center; width:23.19%">
<img src="tm262592d1sari005.jpg" alt=" ">
</div>


<div style="clear:both; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12pt; margin-top:9pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Notice is hereby given in
accordance with Section 23(c) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, that the Fund may purchase, from time to time, shares of its common stock in the open market.</div>
<div style="clear:both; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">Shares of abrdn Emerging
Markets ex-China Fund, Inc. are traded on the NYSE American under the symbol &#x201c;AEF.&#x201d; Information about the Fund&#x2019;s net asset value and market price is available at www.aberdeenaef.com.</div>
<div style="clear:both; color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12pt; margin-top:6pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">This report, including
the financial information herein, is transmitted to the shareholders of abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc. for their general information only. It does not have regard to the specific investment objectives,
financial situation and the particular needs of any specific person. Past performance is no guarantee of future results.</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="clear:both; font-size:12pt; height:0pt">
</div>
<hr style="margin-bottom:0pt">
<div style="page-break-before:always; margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:12pt"><p style="margin:0pt">&#xa0;</p></div>
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="width:100%">
<div style="color:#000000; font-family:Arial; font-size:9pt; font-style:Normal; font-weight:Normal; line-height:12pt; margin-top:11pt; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; text-transform:none">AEF-ANNUAL</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="clear:both; font-size:12pt; height:0pt">
</div>
<div style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><div style="Page-Break-Before: Always"></div><!-- BannerFile="tm262592d1_items2-19.htm"   BannerFilePath="/apps/files/files/jms2files/gofiler/tm262592-1/tm262592-1_ncsrseq1" -->

<p style="margin: 0">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="margin: 0"></p>


<table cellpadding="0" width="100%" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; border-spacing: 0px;"><tr style="vertical-align: top">
<td style="width: 0.25in"></td><td style="width: 0.25in">(b)</td><td>Not applicable.</td></tr></table>
<p style="margin: 0">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>Item 2. Code of Ethics.</b></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#xa0;</p>


<table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 5%; font-size: 10pt"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a)</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; width: 95%; font-size: 10pt">&#x202f;&#x202f;As of December 31, 2025, abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc. (the &#x201c;Fund&#x201d;
or the &#x201c;Registrant&#x201d;) had adopted a Code of Ethics that applies to the Registrant&#x2019;s principal executive officer, principal
financial officer, principal accounting officer or controller, or persons performing similar functions, regardless of whether these individuals
are employed by the Registrant or a third party (the &#x201c;Code of Ethics&#x201d;).&#xa0;</td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 22.5pt">&#xa0;</p>


<table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 5%; font-size: 10pt"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b)</font></td>
    <td style="width: 95%; font-size: 10pt">&#x202f;&#x202f;Definitional.</td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&#xa0;</p>


<table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 5%; font-size: 10pt"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(c)</font></td>
    <td style="width: 95%; font-size: 10pt">&#x202f;&#x202f;There have been no amendments, during the period covered by this report, to a provision of
the Code of Ethics.</td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 22.5pt">&#xa0;</p>


<table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 5%; font-size: 10pt"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(d)</font></td>
    <td style="width: 95%; font-size: 10pt">&#x202f;&#x202f;During the period covered by this report, there were no waivers to the provisions of the
Code of Ethics.&#xa0;</td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 22.5pt">&#xa0;</p>


<table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 5%; font-size: 10pt"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(e)</font></td>
    <td style="width: 95%; font-size: 10pt">&#x202f;&#x202f;Not applicable</td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 22.5pt">&#xa0;</p>


<table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 5%; font-size: 10pt"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(f)</font></td>
    <td style="width: 95%; font-size: 10pt">&#x202f;&#x202f;A copy of the Code of Ethics has been filed as an exhibit to this Form N-CSR.</td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>&#xa0;</b></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>Item 3. Audit Committee Financial Expert.</b></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Registrant&#x2019;s Board of Directors has
determined that C. William Maher, a member of the Board of Directors&#x2019; Audit Committee, possesses the attributes, and has acquired
such attributes through means, identified in instruction 2 of Item 3 to Form N-CSR to qualify as an &#x201c;audit committee financial expert,&#x201d;
and has designated Mr. Maher as the Audit Committee&#x2019;s financial expert. Mr. Maher is considered to be an &#x201c;independent&#x201d;
director, as such term is defined in paragraph (a)(2) of Item 3 to Form N-CSR.</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>&#xa0;</b></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>Item 4. Principal Accountant Fees and Services.</b></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1.5in">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 6.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -6.55pt">(a) &#x2013; (d)
Below is a table reflecting the fee information requested in Items 4(a) through (d):</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 9.35pt; text-align: justify">&#xa0;</p>


<table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="white-space: nowrap; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Fiscal Year<br> Ended</td><td style="white-space: nowrap; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#xa0;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="white-space: nowrap; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(a)<br> Audit Fees<sup>1</sup></b></font></td><td style="white-space: nowrap; padding-bottom: 1pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td><td style="white-space: nowrap; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#xa0;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="white-space: nowrap; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(b)<br> Audit-Related Fees<sup>2</sup></b></font></td><td style="white-space: nowrap; padding-bottom: 1pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td><td style="white-space: nowrap; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#xa0;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="white-space: nowrap; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(c)<br> Tax Fees<sup>3</sup></b></font></td><td style="white-space: nowrap; padding-bottom: 1pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td><td style="white-space: nowrap; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#xa0;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="white-space: nowrap; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(d)<br> All Other Fees<sup>4</sup></b></font></td><td style="white-space: nowrap; padding-bottom: 1pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 48%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">December 31, 2025</td><td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 10%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">73,300</td><td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 10%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">0</td><td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 10%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">0</td><td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 10%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">0</td><td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; ">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Percentage approved pursuant to pre-approval exception<b><sup>5</sup></b></font></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">0</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">%</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">0</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">%</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">0</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">%</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">0</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">%</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">December 31, 2024</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">71,200</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">0</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">0</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">0</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; ">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Percentage approved pursuant to pre-approval exception<b><sup>5</sup></b></font></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">0</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">%</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">0</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">%</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">0</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">%</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">0</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">%</td></tr>
  </table>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 6pt; text-align: justify">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><sup>1</sup></font>
 &#x201c;Audit Fees&#x201d; are the aggregate fees billed for professional services for the audit of the Fund&#x2019;s annual financial statements
and services provided in connection with statutory and regulatory filings or engagements.</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><sup>2</sup></font>
 &#x201c;Audit Related Fees&#x201d; are the aggregate fees billed for assurance and related services reasonably related to the performance
of the audit or review of financial statements that are not reported under &#x201c;Audit Fees&#x201d;. These fees include offerings related
to the Fund&#x2019;s common shares.</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><sup>3</sup></font>
 &#x201c;Tax Fees&#x201d; are the aggregate fees billed for professional services for tax advice, tax compliance, and tax planning. These
fees include: federal and state income tax returns, review of excise tax distribution calculations and federal excise tax return.</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></p>


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    <!-- Field: /Page -->


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><sup>4</sup></font>
 &#x201c;All Other Fees&#x201d; are the aggregate fees billed for products and services other than &#x201c;Audit Fees&#x201d;, &#x201c;Audit-Related
Fees&#x201d; and &#x201c;Tax Fees&#x201d;.</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b><sup>5</sup></b></font>
Pre-approval exception under Rule 2-01 of Regulation S-X. The pre-approval exception for services provided directly to the Fund waives
the pre-approval requirement for services other than audit, review or attest services if: (A) the aggregate amount of all such services
provided constitutes no more than 5% of the total amount of revenues paid by the Fund to its accountant during the fiscal year in which
the services are provided; (B) the Fund did not recognize the services as non-audit services at the time of the engagement; and (C) the
services are promptly brought to the Audit Committee&#x2019;s attention, and the Committee (or its delegate) approves the services before
the audit is completed.</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 6pt; text-align: justify">&#xa0;</p>


<table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 6%"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(e)(1)</font></td>
    <td style="width: 94%; text-align: justify"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Registrant&#x2019;s Audit Committee (the &#x201c;Committee&#x201d;) has adopted a Charter that provides that the Committee shall annually select, retain or terminate, and recommend to the Independent Directors for their ratification, the selection, retention or termination, the Registrant&#x2019;s independent auditor and, in connection therewith, to evaluate the terms of the engagement (including compensation of the independent auditor) and the qualifications and independence of the independent auditor, including whether the independent auditor provides any consulting, auditing or tax services to the Registrant&#x2019;s investment adviser (the &#x201c;Adviser&#x201d;) or any sub-adviser, and to receive the independent auditor&#x2019;s specific representations as to their independence, delineating all relationships that may affect the independent auditor&#x2019;s independence, including the disclosures required by PCAOB Rule 3526 or any other applicable auditing standard. PCAOB Rule 3526 requires that, at least annually, the auditor: (1) disclose to the Committee in writing all relationships between the auditor and its related entities and the Registrant and its related entities that in the auditor&#x2019;s professional judgment may reasonably be thought to bear on independence; (2) confirm in the letter that, in its professional judgment, it is independent of the Registrant within the meaning of the Securities Acts administered by the SEC; and (3) discuss the auditor&#x2019;s independence with the audit committee. The Committee is responsible for actively engaging in a dialogue with the independent auditor with respect to any disclosed relationships or services that may impact the objectivity and independence of the independent auditor and for taking, or recommending that the full Board take, appropriate action to oversee the independence of the independent auditor. The Committee Charter also provides that the Committee shall review in advance, and consider approval of, any and all proposals by Management or the Adviser that the Registrant, the Adviser or their affiliated persons, employ the independent auditor to render &#x201c;permissible non-audit services&#x201d; to the Registrant and to consider whether such services are consistent with the independent auditor&#x2019;s independence. &#x201c;Permissible non-audit services&#x201d; include any professional services, including tax services, provided to the Registrant by the independent auditor, other than those provided to the Registrant in connection with an audit or a review of the financial statements of the Registrant. Permissible non-audit services may not include: (i) bookkeeping or other services related to the accounting records or financial statements of the Registrant; (ii) financial information systems design and implementation; (iii) appraisal or valuation services, fairness opinions or contribution-in-kind reports; (iv) actuarial services; (v) internal audit outsourcing services; (vi) management functions or human resources; (vii) broker or dealer, investment adviser or investment banking services; (viii) legal services and expert services unrelated to the audit; and (ix) any other service the PCAOB determines, by regulation, is impermissible.&#xa0;&#xa0;Pre-approval by the Committee of any permissible non-audit services is not required so long as: (i) the aggregate amount of all such permissible non-audit services provided to the Registrant constitutes not more than 5% of the total amount of revenues paid by the Registrant to its auditor during the fiscal year in which the permissible non-audit services are provided; (ii) the permissible non-audit services were not recognized by the Registrant at the time of the engagement to be non-audit services; and (iii) such services are promptly brought to the attention of the Committee and approved by the Committee or its Delegate(s) prior to the completion of the audit. The Committee may delegate to one or more of its members (&#x201c;Delegates&#x201d;) authority
to pre-approve permissible non-audit services to be provided to the Registrant. Any pre-approval determination of a Delegate shall be presented to the full Committee at its next meeting. Any pre-approval determination of a Delegate shall be presented to the full Committee at its next meeting. Pursuant to this authority, the Registrant&#x2019;s Committee delegates to the Committee Chair, subject to subsequent ratification by the full Committee, up to a maximum amount of $25,000, which includes any professional services, including tax services, provided to the Registrant by its independent registered public accounting firm other than those provided to the Registrant in connection with an audit or a review of the financial statements of the Registrant.&#xa0;&#xa0;The Committee shall communicate any pre-approval made by it or a Delegate to the Adviser, who will ensure that the appropriate disclosure is made in the Registrant&#x2019;s periodic reports required by Section 30 of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, (the &#x201c;1940 Act&#x201d;) and other documents as required under the federal securities laws.</font></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>


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    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#xa0;</p></div>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#xa0;</p>


<table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 6%"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(e)(2)</font></td>
    <td style="width: 94%; text-align: justify"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">None of the services described in each of paragraphs (b) through (d) of this Item involved a waiver of the pre-approval requirement by the Audit Committee pursuant to Rule 2-01 (c)(7)(i)(C) of Regulation S-X.</font></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 42.2pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.65pt">&#xa0;</p>


<table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 6%"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(f)</font></td>
    <td style="width: 94%; text-align: justify"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Not applicable.</font></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 5.75pt; text-align: justify">&#xa0;</p>


<table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 6%"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(g)</font></td>
    <td style="width: 94%; text-align: justify"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Non-Audit Fees</font></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td>&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#xa0;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td>&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="text-align: justify">The following table shows the amount of fees that KPMG LLP
billed during the Fund&#x2019;s last two fiscal years for non-audit services to the Registrant, and to the Adviser, and any entity controlling,
controlled by or under common control with the Adviser that provides ongoing services to the Fund (&#x201c;Affiliated Fund Service Provider&#x201d;):</td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 31.5pt">&#xa0;</p>


<table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="white-space: nowrap; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Fiscal Year Ended</td><td style="white-space: nowrap; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#xa0;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="white-space: nowrap; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Total&#xa0;Non-<br> Audit&#xa0;Fees<br> Billed to Fund</td><td style="white-space: nowrap; padding-bottom: 1pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td><td style="white-space: nowrap; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#xa0;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="white-space: nowrap; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Total&#xa0;Non-Audit&#xa0;Fees<br> billed to Adviser and<br> Affiliated&#xa0;Fund&#xa0;Service<br> Providers&#xa0;(engagements<br> related directly to the<br> operations and&#xa0;financial<br> reporting of the Fund)</td><td style="white-space: nowrap; padding-bottom: 1pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td><td style="white-space: nowrap; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#xa0;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="white-space: nowrap; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Total&#xa0;Non-Audit&#xa0;Fees<br> billed to Adviser and<br> Affiliated&#xa0;Fund&#xa0;Service<br> Providers (all other<br> engagements)</td><td style="white-space: nowrap; padding-bottom: 1pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td><td style="white-space: nowrap; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#xa0;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="white-space: nowrap; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Total</td><td style="white-space: nowrap; padding-bottom: 1pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 48%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: -12pt; padding-left: 12pt">December 31, 2025</td><td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 10%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">0</td><td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 10%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">0</td><td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 10%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,253,744</td><td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 10%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,253,744</td><td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; ">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: -12pt; padding-left: 12pt">December 31, 2024</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">0</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">0</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">629,124</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">629,124</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td></tr>
  </table>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#x201c;Non-Audit Fees billed to Fund&#x201d; for both fiscal years represent
 &#x201c;Tax Fees&#x201d; and &#x201c;All Other Fees&#x201d; billed to Fund in their respective amounts from the previous table.</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 6pt; text-align: justify">&#xa0;</p>


<table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="width: 6%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font-size: 10pt">(h)</font></td>
    <td style="width: 94%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><font style="font-size: 10pt">Not applicable.</font></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font-size: 10pt">&#xa0;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><font style="font-size: 10pt">&#xa0;</font></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font-size: 10pt">(i)</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><font style="font-size: 10pt">Not applicable.</font></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font-size: 10pt">&#xa0;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><font style="font-size: 10pt">&#xa0;</font></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font-size: 10pt">(j)</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><font style="font-size: 10pt">Not applicable.</font></td></tr>
  </table>




<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>Item 5. Audit Committee of Listed Registrants.</b></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#xa0;</p>


<table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 24px"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a)</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Registrant has a separately-designated standing Audit Committee established in accordance with Section 3(a)(58)(A) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, (the &#x201c;Exchange Act&#x201d;) (15 U.S.C. 78c(a)(58)(A)).</font></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 29.25pt; text-align: justify">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify">As of the fiscal year ended December
31, 2025, the Audit Committee members were:</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 48.6pt; text-align: justify">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 29.25pt; text-align: justify">Rahn Porter</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 29.25pt; text-align: justify">Nancy Yao</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 29.25pt; text-align: justify">C. William Maher</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 29.25pt; text-align: justify">Anthony Clark</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 29.25pt; text-align: justify">&#xa0;</p>


<table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 24px"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b)</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Not applicable.</font></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>Item 6. Schedule of Investments.</b></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#xa0;</p>


<table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="width: 24px; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font-size: 10pt">(a)</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><font style="font-size: 10pt">Included as part
    of the Report to Shareholders filed under Item 1 of this Form N-CSR.</font></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-left: 29.25pt"><font style="font-size: 10pt">&#xa0;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><font style="font-size: 10pt">&#xa0;</font></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><font style="font-size: 10pt">(b)</font></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><font style="font-size: 10pt">Not applicable. &#xa0;</font></td></tr>
  </table>




<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>Item 7. Financial Statements and Financial Highlights for Open-End
Management Investment Companies. </b></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>&#xa0;</b></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Not applicable.</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>Item 8. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants for Open-End
Management Investment Companies. </b></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>&#xa0;</b></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Not applicable.</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>Item 9. Proxy Disclosures for Open-End Management Investment Companies.
</b></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>&#xa0;</b></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Not applicable.</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>Item 10. Remuneration Paid to Directors, Officers, and Others of
Open-End Management Investment Companies. </b></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>&#xa0;</b></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Not applicable.</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>Item 11. Statement Regarding Basis for Approval of Investment Advisory
Contract. </b></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>&#xa0;</b></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Not applicable.</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>&#xa0;</b></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>Item 12. Disclosure of Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures for
Closed-End Management Investment Companies.</b></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Pursuant to the Registrant's Proxy Voting Policy
and Procedures, the Registrant has delegated responsibility for its proxy voting to its Adviser, provided that the Registrant's Board
of Directors has the opportunity to periodically review the Adviser's proxy voting policies and material amendments thereto.</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The proxy voting policies of the Registrant are
included herewith as Exhibit (c) and policies of the Adviser are included as Exhibit (d).</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>Item 13. Portfolio Managers of Closed-End Management Investment
Companies.</b></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 42pt">(a)(1) PORTFOLIO MANAGER BIOGRAPHIES</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 42pt">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 42pt">The Fund is managed by Aberdeen&#x2019;s Global Emerging Markets
Equity team. The Global Emerging Markets Equity team works in a truly collaborative fashion; all team members have both portfolio management
and research responsibilities. The team is responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund. As of the date of filing this report,
the following individuals have primary responsibility for the day-to-day management of the Fund&#x2019;s portfolio:</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&#xa0;</p>


<table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="padding: 2pt; border: black 1pt solid; width: 28%"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><font style="text-decoration:underline">Individual&#xa0;&amp; Position</font></font></td>
    <td style="padding: 2pt; border-top: black 1pt solid; border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; width: 61%"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><font style="text-decoration:underline">Past Business Experience</font>&#xa0;&#xa0;</font></td>
    <td style="padding: 2pt; border-top: black 1pt solid; border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; width: 11%"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><font style="text-decoration:underline">Served on<br>
 Fund Since</font></font></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="padding: 2pt; border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid">
    <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Nick Robinson</p>
    <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Senior Investment Director &#x2013; Deputy Head of Global Emerging Markets</p></td>
    <td style="padding: 2pt; text-align: justify; border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Nick Robinson is a Deputy Head of Global Emerging Markets Equities on the Global Emerging Markets Equity team at Aberdeen. Nick joined the company in 2000 and spent eight years on the North American Equities team, including three years based in the company&#x2019;s US offices. In 2008 he joined the Global Emerging Markets Equity team. Nick relocated to S&#xe3;o &#x2009;Paulo in 2009 to start Aberdeen&#x2019;s operations in Brazil. In 2016 he returned to London. Nick graduated with an MSc in Chemistry from Lincoln College, Oxford and is a CFA charterholder.</font></td>
    <td style="padding: 2pt; border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2022</font></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="padding: 2pt; border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid">
    <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Devan Kaloo</p>
    <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Global Head of Equities and Head of Global Emerging Markets Equities</p></td>
    <td style="padding: 2pt; border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: justify"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Devan Kaloo is Global Head of Equities and Head of Global Emerging Markets Equities for Aberdeen. Devan joined Aberdeen in 2000 as part of the Asian equities team in Singapore, before later transferring to London where he took up the position of Head of Global Emerging Markets Equities in 2005. In 2015 he was promoted to Global Head of Equities and joined Aberdeen&#x2019;s Group management board. Devan started in fund management with Martin Currie in 1994 covering Latin America, before subsequently working with the North American equities, global asset allocation and eventually the Asian equities teams. Devan graduated with an MA (Hons) in International Relations and Management from the University of St Andrews and has a postgraduate diploma in Investment Analysis from the University of Stirling.</font></td>
    <td style="padding: 2pt; border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2024</font></td></tr>
</table>


<p style="margin: 0">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="margin: 0"></p>


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<p style="margin: 0">&#xa0;</p>


<table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="padding: 2pt; border: Black 1pt solid; width: 28%">
    <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Xin-Yao Ng</p>
    <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Senior Investment Director &#x2013; Asian Equities</p></td>
    <td style="padding: 2pt; text-align: justify; border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 61%"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Xin-Yao Ng is a Senior Investment Director on the Asian Equities team. Xin-Yao joined the company in 2018 from Allard Partners where he was based in Hong Kong as an Investment Analyst specialising in Greater China equities. Previously, Xin-Yao worked for Central Provident Fund Board in Singapore as a Portfolio Manager. Prior to that, Xin-Yao worked for BNP Paribas in private banking compliance. Xin-Yao graduated with a BSc in Business from Nanyang Technological University, holds an MBA from Fudan University, and is a CFA Charterholder.</font></td>
    <td style="padding: 2pt; border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 11%"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2024</font></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(a)(2) OTHER ACCOUNTS MANAGED
BY PORTFOLIO MANAGERS.</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The following chart summarizes information regarding
other accounts for which each portfolio manager has day-to-day management responsibilities. Accounts are grouped into the following three
categories: (1) registered investment companies; (2) other pooled investment vehicles; and (3) other accounts. To the extent that any
of these accounts pay advisory fees that are based on account performance (&#x201c;performance-based fees&#x201d;), information on those
accounts is provided separately. The figures in the chart below for the category of &#x201c;registered investment companies&#x201d; include
the Fund. The &#x201c;Other Accounts Managed&#x201d; represents the accounts managed by the teams of which the portfolio manager is a member.
The information in the table below is as of December 31, 2025.</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&#xa0;</p>


<table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Name of<br>
Portfolio Manager</font></td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Type&#xa0;of&#xa0;Accounts</font></td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Other Accounts Managed</font></td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#xa0;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total Assets ($M)</font></td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Number of<br>
Accounts<br>
Managed&#xa0;for<br>
Which<br>
Advisory<br>
Fee is Based<br>
on<br>
Performance</font></td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#xa0;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total&#xa0;Assets&#xa0;for<br>
Which<br>
Advisory&#xa0;Fee&#xa0;is<br>
Based&#xa0; on<br>
Performance ($M)</font></td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#xa0;</td></tr>
  <tr style="background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12%"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Nick Robinson<sup>1</sup>&#xa0;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 29%"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Registered Investment Companies</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="width: 9%; text-align: center"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">6</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; text-align: left"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</font></td>
    <td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2,919.25</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 16%; text-align: center"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">0</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; text-align: left"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 14%; text-align: right"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">0</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%">&#xa0;</td></tr>
  <tr style="background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="vertical-align: top">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#xa0; Pooled Investment Vehicles</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="text-align: center"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">17</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5,249.15</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">0</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: left"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">0</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#xa0;</td></tr>
  <tr style="background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="vertical-align: top">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Other Accounts</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="text-align: center"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">15</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">8,392.26</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">0</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: left"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">0</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#xa0;</td></tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Devan Kaloo<sup>1</sup>&#xa0;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Registered Investment Companies</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="text-align: center"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">6</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2,919.25</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">0</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: left"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">0</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#xa0;</td></tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pooled Investment Vehicles</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="text-align: center"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">17</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5,249.15</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">0</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: left"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">0</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#xa0;</td></tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Other Accounts</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="text-align: center"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">15</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">8,392.26</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">0</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: left"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">0</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#xa0;</td></tr>
  <tr style="background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="vertical-align: top"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Xin-Yao Ng<sup>2</sup>&#xa0;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Registered Investment Companies</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="text-align: center"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">8</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3,733.87</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">0</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: left"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">0</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#xa0;</td></tr>
  <tr style="background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="vertical-align: top">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pooled Investment Vehicles</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="text-align: center"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">63</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">17,107.44</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">0</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: left"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">0</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#xa0;</td></tr>
  <tr style="background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="vertical-align: top">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Other Accounts</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="text-align: center"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">49</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: right"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">21,348.18</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">0</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: left"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">0</font><font style="font-size: 10pt">&#xa0;</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#xa0;</td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><sup>1&#xa0;</sup></font>Includes
accounts managed by the Global Emerging Markets Equity team, of which the portfolio manager is a member.</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><sup>2&#xa0;</sup></font>Includes
accounts managed by the Global Emerging Markets Equity team and Asian Equities team, of which the portfolio manager is a member.</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 21.7pt; text-align: justify">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Adviser and its affiliates (collectively referred
to herein as &#x201c;Aberdeen&#x201d;) serve as investment advisers for multiple clients, including the Registrant and other investment
companies registered under the 1940 Act and private funds (such clients are also referred to below as &#x201c;accounts&#x201d;). The portfolio
managers&#x2019; management of &#x201c;other accounts&#x201d; may give rise to potential conflicts of interest in connection with their management
of the Registrant&#x2019;s investments, on the one hand, and the investments of the other accounts, on the other. The other accounts may
have the same investment objective as the Registrant. Therefore, a potential conflict of interest may arise as a result of the identical
investment objectives, whereby the portfolio manager could favor one account over another. However, the Adviser believes that these risks
are mitigated by the fact that: (i) accounts with like investment strategies managed by a particular portfolio manager are generally managed
in a similar fashion, subject to exceptions to account for particular investment restrictions or policies applicable only to certain accounts,
differences in cash flows and account sizes, and similar factors; and (ii) portfolio manager personal trading is monitored to avoid potential
conflicts. In addition, the Adviser has adopted trade allocation procedures that require equitable allocation of trade orders for a particular
security among participating accounts.</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></p>


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    <div style="margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#xa0;</p></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#xa0;</p></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In some cases, another account managed by the
same portfolio manager may compensate Aberdeen based on the performance-based fees with qualified clients. The existence of such a performance-based
fee may create additional conflicts of interest for the portfolio manager in the allocation of management time, resources and investment
opportunities.</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Another potential conflict could include instances
in which securities considered as investments for the Registrant also may be appropriate for other investment accounts managed by the
Adviser or its affiliates. Whenever decisions are made to buy or sell securities for the Registrant and one or more of the other accounts
simultaneously, the Adviser may aggregate the purchases and sales of the securities and will allocate the securities transactions in a
manner that it believes to be equitable under the circumstances. As a result of the allocations, there may be instances where the Registrant
will not participate in a transaction that is allocated among other accounts. While these aggregation and allocation policies could have
a detrimental effect on the price or amount of the securities available to the Registrant from time to time, it is the opinion of the
Adviser that the benefits from the policies outweigh any disadvantage that may arise from exposure to simultaneous transactions. The Registrant
has adopted policies that are designed to eliminate or minimize conflicts of interest, although there is no guarantee that procedures
adopted under such policies will detect each and every situation in which a conflict arises.</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">With respect to non-discretionary model delivery
accounts (including UMA accounts) and discretionary SMA accounts, abrdn Inc. will utilize a third party service provider to deliver model
portfolio recommendations and model changes to the Sponsors. abrdn Inc. seeks to treat clients fairly and equitably over time, by delivering
model changes to our service provider and investment instructions for our other discretionary accounts to our trading desk, simultaneously
or approximately at the same time. The service provider will then deliver the model changes to each Sponsor on a when-traded, randomized
full rotation schedule. All Sponsors will be included in the rotation schedule, including SMA and UMA.</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">UMA Sponsors will be responsible for determining
how and whether to implement the model portfolio or model changes and implementation of any client specific investment restrictions. The
Sponsors are solely responsible for determining the suitability of the model portfolio for each model delivery client, executing trades
and seeking best execution for such clients.</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">As it relates to SMA accounts, abrdn Inc. will
be responsible for managing the account on the basis of each client&#x2019;s financial situation and objectives, the day to day investment
decisions, best execution, accepting or rejecting client specific investment restrictions and performance. The SMA Sponsors will collect
suitability information and will provide a summary questionnaire for our review and approval or rejection. For dual contract SMAs, abrdn
Inc. will collect a suitability assessment from the client, along with the Sponsor suitability assessment. Our third party service provider
will monitor client specific investment restrictions on a day to day basis. For SMA accounts, model trades will be traded by the Sponsor
or may be executed through a &#x201c;step-out transaction,&#x201d;- or traded away- from the client&#x2019;s Sponsor if doing so is consistent
with Aberdeen&#x2019;s obligation to obtain best execution. When placing trades through Sponsor Firms (instead of stepping them out), we
will generally aggregate orders where it is possible and in the client&#x2019;s best interests. In the event we are not comfortable that
a Sponsor can obtain best execution for a specific security and trading away is infeasible, we may exclude the security from the model.</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Trading costs are not covered by the Wrap Program
fee and may result in additional costs to the client. In some instances, step-out trades are executed without any additional commission,
mark-up, or mark-down, but in many instances, the executing broker-dealer may impose a commission or a mark-up or mark-down on the trade.
Typically, the executing broker will embed the added costs into the price of the trade execution, making it difficult to determine and
disclose the exact added cost to clients. In this instance, these additional trading costs will be reflected in the price received for
the security, not as a separate commission, on trade confirmations or on account statements. In determining best execution for SMA accounts,
abrdn Inc. takes into consideration that the client will not pay additional trading costs or commission if executing with the Sponsor.</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>


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    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#xa0;</p></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">While UMA accounts are invested in the same strategies
as and may perform similarly to SMA accounts, there are expected to be performance differences between them. There will be performance
dispersions between UMAs and other types of accounts because Aberdeen does not have discretion over trading and there may be client specific
restrictions for SMA accounts.</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Aberdeen may have already commenced trading for
its discretionary client accounts before the model delivery accounts have executed Aberdeen&#x2019;s recommendations. In this event, trades
placed by the model delivery clients may be subject to price movements, particularly with large orders or where securities are thinly
traded, that may result in model delivery clients receiving less favorable prices than our discretionary clients. Aberdeen has no discretion
over transactions executed by model delivery clients and is unable to control the market impact of those transactions.</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; color: #212529">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Timing delays or other operational factors associated
with the implementation of trades may result in non-discretionary and model delivery clients receiving materially different prices relative
to other client accounts. In addition, the constitution and weights of stocks within model portfolios may not always be exactly aligned
with similar discretionary accounts. This may create performance dispersions within accounts with the same or similar investment mandate.</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 45pt">(a)(3)</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 45pt; text-indent: -45pt">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; color: #212529"><font style="text-decoration:underline">DESCRIPTION OF COMPENSATION STRUCTURE</font></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 27pt">Aberdeen&#x2019;s remuneration policies are designed
to support its business strategy as a leading international asset manager.&#xa0; The objective is to attract, retain and reward talented
individuals for the delivery of sustained, superior returns for Aberdeen&#x2019;s clients and shareholders.&#xa0; Aberdeen operates in
a highly competitive international employment market, and aims to maintain its strong track record of success in developing and retaining
talent.</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 27pt">Aberdeen&#x2019;s policy is to recognize corporate
and individual achievements each year through an appropriate annual bonus scheme. The bonus is a single, fully discretionary variable
pay award. The aggregate value of awards in any year is dependent on the group&#x2019;s overall performance and profitability.&#xa0; Consideration
is also given to the levels of bonuses paid in the market.&#xa0; Individual awards, which are payable to all members of staff, are determined
by a rigorous assessment of achievement against defined objectives.</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 27pt">The variable pay award is composed of a mixture
of cash and a deferred award, the portion of which varies based on the size of the award.&#xa0; Deferred awards are by default Aberdeen
Group plc shares, with an option to put up to 50% of the deferred award into funds managed by Aberdeen. Overall compensation packages
are designed to be competitive relative to the investment management industry. Information below is as of December 31, 2024.</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b><font style="text-decoration:underline">Base Salary</font></b></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 27pt">Aberdeen&#x2019;s policy is to pay a fair salary
commensurate with the individual&#x2019;s role, responsibilities and experience, and having regard to the market rates being offered for
similar roles in the asset management sector and other comparable companies. Any increase is generally to reflect inflation and is applied
in a manner consistent with other Aberdeen employees; any other increases must be justified by reference to promotion or changes in responsibilities.</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b><font style="text-decoration:underline">Annual Bonus</font></b></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 27pt">The Remuneration Committee determines the key performance
indicators that will be applied in considering the overall size of the bonus pool.&#xa0; In line with practices amongst other asset management
companies, individual bonuses are not subject to an absolute cap.&#xa0; However, the aggregate size of the bonus pool is dependent on
the group&#x2019;s overall performance and profitability.&#xa0; Consideration is also given to the levels of bonuses paid in the market.&#xa0;
Individual awards are determined by a rigorous assessment of achievement against defined objectives, and are reviewed and approved by
the Remuneration Committee.</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 27pt">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 27pt"></p>


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    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#xa0;</p></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 27pt">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 27pt">Aberdeen has a deferral policy which is intended
to assist in the retention of talent and to create additional alignment of executives&#x2019; interests with Aberdeen&#x2019;s sustained
performance and, in respect of the deferral into funds managed by Aberdeen, to align the interest of portfolio managers with our clients.</p>


<p style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 27pt">Staff performance is reviewed formally at least
once a year. The review process evaluates the various aspects that the individual has contributed to Aberdeen, and specifically, in the
case of portfolio managers, to the relevant investment team. Discretionary bonuses are based on client service, asset growth and the performance
of the respective portfolio manager. Overall participation in team meetings, generation of original research ideas and contribution to
presenting the team externally are also evaluated.</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 27pt">In the calculation of a portfolio management team&#x2019;s
bonus, Aberdeen takes into consideration investment matters (which include the performance of funds, adherence to the company investment
process, and quality of company meetings) as well as more subjective issues such as team participation and effectiveness at client presentations
through key performance indicator scorecards.&#xa0; To the extent performance is factored in, such performance is not judged against any
specific benchmark and is evaluated over the period of a year - January&#xa0;to December. The pre- or after-tax performance of an individual
account is not considered in the determination of a portfolio manager&#x2019;s discretionary bonus; rather the review process evaluates
the overall performance of the team for all of the accounts the team manages.</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 27pt">Portfolio manager performance on investment matters
is judged over all of the accounts the portfolio manager contributes to and is documented in the appraisal process.&#xa0; A combination
of the team&#x2019;s and individual&#x2019;s performance is considered and evaluated.</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 27pt">Although performance is not a substantial portion
of a portfolio manager&#x2019;s compensation, Aberdeen also recognizes that fund performance can often be driven by factors outside one&#x2019;s
control, such as (irrational) markets, and as such pays attention to the effort by portfolio managers to ensure integrity of our core
process by sticking to disciplines and processes set, regardless of momentum and &#x2018;hot&#x2019; themes.&#xa0; Short-terming is thus
discouraged and trading-oriented managers will thus find it difficult to thrive in the Aberdeen environment.&#xa0; Additionally, if any
of the aforementioned undue risks were to be taken by a portfolio manager, such trend would be identified via Aberdeen&#x2019;s dynamic
compliance monitoring system.</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">In rendering investment management
services, the Adviser may use the resources of additional investment adviser subsidiaries of Aberdeen Group plc. These affiliates have
entered into a memorandum of understanding (&#x201c;MOU&#x201d;) pursuant to which investment professionals from each affiliate may render
portfolio management, research or trading services to Aberdeen clients. Each investment professional who renders portfolio management,
research or trading services under a MOU or personnel sharing arrangement (&#x201c;Participating Affiliate&#x201d;) must comply with the
provisions of the Advisers Act of 1940, the 1940 Act, the Securities Act of 1933, the Exchange Act, and the Employee Retirement Income
Security Act of 1974, and the laws of states or countries in which the Adviser does business or has clients. No remuneration is paid by
the Fund with respect to the MOU/personnel sharing arrangements.</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#xa0;</p>


<table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 88%; border-collapse: collapse; margin-left: 1in; border-spacing: 0px;">
  <tr>
    <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: left">(a)(4)</td>
    <td colspan="2">&#xa0;</td></tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center">&#xa0;</td>
    <td colspan="2">&#xa0;</td></tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Dollar Range of Equity Securities in the <br>
Registrant Beneficially Owned by the Portfolio<br>
Manager as of December 31, 2025</b></font></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="padding-bottom: 10pt">&#xa0;</td></tr>
  <tr style="background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 74%; text-align: justify"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Nick Robinson</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 3%">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 23%"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">None</font></td></tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Devan Kaloo</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">None</font></td></tr>
  <tr style="background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Xin-Yao Ng</font></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">None</font></td></tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#xa0;</td></tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">(b) Not applicable.</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#xa0;</td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.2pt 0pt 0.25in; text-indent: 0.25in">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.2pt 0pt 0.25in; text-indent: 0.5in"></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>Item 14. Purchases of Equity Securities by Closed-End Management
Investment Company and Affiliated Purchasers.</b></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#xa0;</p>


<table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-spacing: 0px;">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>Period</b></p></td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#xa0;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">(a) Total No.<br> of Shares<br> Purchased</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#xa0;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">(b) Average<br> Price Paid per<br> Share</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#xa0;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">(c) Total No.<br> of Shares<br> Purchased as<br> Part of<br> Publicly<br> Announced Plans<br> or Programs</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#xa0;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(d) Maximum No.<br> of Shares that<br> May Yet Be<br> Purchased Under<br> the Plans or<br> Programs<sup>(1)</sup></b></font></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 48%; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Month #1 (Jan. 1, 2025 &#x2013; Jan. 31, 2025)</td><td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="width: 10%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#x2014;</td><td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="width: 10%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#x2014;</td><td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="width: 10%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#x2014;</td><td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 10%; text-align: right">8,105,861</td><td style="width: 1%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; ">
    <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Month #2 (Feb. 1, 2025 &#x2013; Feb 28, 2025)</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">10,150,355</td><td style="vertical-align: super; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><sup>(2)</sup>&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">6.07</td><td style="vertical-align: super; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><sup>(2)</sup>&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">10,150,355</td><td style="vertical-align: super; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><sup>(2)</sup>&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">8,105,861</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Month #3 (Mar.&#xa0;1, 2025 &#x2013; Mar.&#xa0;31, 2025)</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#x2014;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#x2014;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#x2014;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">8,105,861</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; ">
    <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Month #4 (Apr.&#xa0;1, 2025 &#x2013; Apr.&#xa0;30, 2025)</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#x2014;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#x2014;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#x2014;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">8,105,861</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Month #5 (May.&#xa0;1, 2025 &#x2013; May&#xa0;31, 2025)</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#x2014;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#x2014;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#x2014;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">8,105,861</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; ">
    <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Month #6 (Jun.&#xa0;1, 2025 &#x2013; Jun.&#xa0;30, 2025)</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#x2014;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#x2014;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#x2014;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">8,105,861</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Month #7 (Jul.&#xa0;1, 2025 &#x2013; Jul.&#xa0;31, 2025)</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#x2014;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#x2014;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#x2014;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">8,105,861</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; ">
    <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Month #8 (Aug.&#xa0;1, 2025 &#x2013; Aug&#xa0;30, 2025)</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#x2014;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#x2014;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#x2014;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">8,105,861</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Month #9 (Sep.&#xa0;1, 2025 &#x2013; Sep.&#xa0;30, 2025)</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#x2014;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#x2014;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#x2014;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">8,105,861</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; ">
    <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Month #10 (Oct.&#xa0;1, 2025 &#x2013; Oct.&#xa0;31, 2025)</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#x2014;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#x2014;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#x2014;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">8,105,861</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Month #11 (Nov.&#xa0;1, 2025&#x2013; Nov.&#xa0;30, 2025)</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#x2014;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#x2014;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#x2014;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">8,105,861</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; ">
    <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Month #12 (Dec. 1, 2025 &#x2013; Dec. 31, 2025)</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#x2014;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#x2014;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#x2014;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">8,105,861</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">10,150,355</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font-size: 10pt">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&#xa0;</td><td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font-size: 10pt">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&#xa0;</td><td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#x2014;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#xa0;</td></tr>
  </table>




<p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&#xa0;</p>
<table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 24px">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="width: 24px"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On June&#xa0;12, 2018, the Board approved an open market share repurchase program&#xa0;(the &#x201c;Program&#x201d;). The Program allows the Fund to purchase, in the open market, its outstanding common shares, with the amount and timing of any repurchase determined at the discretion of the Fund&#x2019;s investment adviser. Such purchases may be made opportunistically at certain discounts to NAV per share in the reasonable judgment of management based on historical discount levels and current market conditions. On a quarterly basis, the Board will receive information on any transactions made pursuant to this policy during the prior quarter. Under the terms of the Program, the Fund is permitted to repurchase up to 10% of its outstanding shares of common stock as of a date determined by the Board.&#xa0;&#xa0;On June&#xa0;12, 2018, the Board authorized shares eligible to be repurchased from time to time on the open market in an amount up to 10% of the Fund&#x2019;s outstanding shares as of June&#xa0;12, 2018. For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025, the Fund did not repurchase any shares through the Program.</font></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td>&#xa0;</td>
    <td>&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#xa0;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td>&#xa0;</td>
    <td><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(2)</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On December 10, 2024, the Board approved a tender offer for shares of the Fund&#x2019;s common stock. The tender offer authorized the Registrant to purchase up to 20% of its issued and outstanding shares at a price equal to 98% of the Registrant&#x2019;s net asset value per share at the close of business on the NYSE American on February 21, 2025, the first business day following the expiration of the offer. The tender offer commenced on January 21, 2025, and expired on February 20, 2025. In connection with the tender offer, the Fund purchased 10,150,355 shares of capital stock at a price equal to $6.07 per share. The tender offer was oversubscribed, and all tenders of shares were subject to proration (at a ratio of approximately 0.27624999) in accordance with the terms of the tender offer. The amount of shares purchased relates solely to the tender offer and does not impact the maximum shares that may be repurchased under the Program.</font></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>&#xa0;</b></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>Item 15. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders.</b></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">During the period ended December 31, 2025, there were no material changes
to the procedures by which shareholders may recommend nominees to the Registrant&#x2019;s Board of Directors.&#xa0;</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>Item 16. Controls and Procedures.</b></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#xa0;&#xa0;</p>


<table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 24px">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="width: 24px"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a)</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Registrant&#x2019;s principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, have concluded that the Registrant&#x2019;s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 30a-3(c) under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the &#x201c;Act&#x201d;) (17 CFR 270.30a-3(c)) are effective, as of a date within 90 days of the filing date of the report that includes the disclosure required by this paragraph, based on the evaluation of these controls and procedures required by Rule 30a-3(b) under the Act (17 CFR 270.30a3(b)) and Rule 13a-15(b) or 15d-15(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (17 CFR 240.13a-15(b) or 240.15d15(b)).</font></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify"></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify">&#xa0;</p>


<table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 24px">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="width: 24px"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b)</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">There were no changes in the Registrant&#x2019;s internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule&#xa0;30a-3(d)&#xa0;under the Act (17 CFR 270.30a-3(d))) that occurred during the period covered by this report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Registrant&#x2019;s internal control over financial reporting.</font></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>Item 17. Disclosure of Securities Lending Activities for Closed-End
Management Investment Companies</b></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>&#xa0;</b></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Not applicable</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>&#xa0;</b></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>Item 18. Recovery of Erroneously Awarded Compensation</b></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><b>&#xa0;</b></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Not appliable</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>Item 19. Exhibits.</b></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 42pt">&#xa0;</p>


<table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 5%">&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="width: 10%"><a href="tm262592d1_ex99-codeeth.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a)(1)</font></a></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; width: 85%"><a href="tm262592d1_ex99-codeeth.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Code of Ethics of the Registrant for the period covered by this report as required pursuant to Item 2 of this Form N-CSR.</font><font style="font-size: 10pt">&#xa0;</font></a></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td>&#xa0;</td>
    <td>&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#xa0;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td>&#xa0;</td>
    <td><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a)(2)</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Any policy required by the listing standards adopted pursuant to Rule 10D-1 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.10D-1) by the registered national securities exchange or registered national securities association upon which the registrant&#x2019;s securities are listed. Not applicable.</font></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td>&#xa0;</td>
    <td>&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#xa0;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td>&#xa0;</td>
    <td><a href="tm262592d1_ex99-cert.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a)(3)</font></a></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify"><a href="tm262592d1_ex99-cert.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The certifications of the registrant as required by Rule 30a-2(a) under the Act are exhibits to this Form N-CSR.</font><font style="font-size: 10pt">&#xa0;</font></a></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td>&#xa0;</td>
    <td>&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#xa0;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td>&#xa0;</td>
    <td><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a)(4)</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Any written solicitation to purchase securities under Rule 23c-1 under the 1940 Act (17 CFR 270.23c-1) sent or given during the period covered by the report by or on behalf of the registrant to 10 or more persons. Not applicable.</font></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td>&#xa0;</td>
    <td>&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#xa0;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td>&#xa0;</td>
    <td><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a)(5)</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Change in
    Registrant&#x2019;s independent public accountant. Not applicable.</font></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td>&#xa0;</td>
    <td>&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#xa0;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td>&#xa0;</td>
    <td><a href="tm262592d1_ex99-906cert.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b)</font></a></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify"><a href="tm262592d1_ex99-906cert.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The certifications of the registrant as required by Rule 30a-2(b) under the Act are exhibits to this Form N-CSR.</font><font style="font-size: 10pt">&#xa0;</font></a></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td>&#xa0;</td>
    <td>&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#xa0;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td>&#xa0;</td>
    <td><a href="tm262592d1_ex99-19xc.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(c)</font></a></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify"><a href="tm262592d1_ex99-19xc.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Proxy Voting Policy of Registrant</font><font style="font-size: 10pt">&#xa0;</font></a></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td>&#xa0;</td>
    <td>&#xa0;</td>
    <td style="text-align: justify">&#xa0;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td>&#xa0;</td>
    <td><a href="tm262592d1_ex99-19xd.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(d)</font></a></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify"><a href="tm262592d1_ex99-19xd.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures of Adviser.</font><font style="font-size: 10pt">&#xa0;</font></a></td></tr>
  </table>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>


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    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#xa0;</p></div>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><font style="text-transform: uppercase"><b><font style="text-decoration:underline">SIGNATURES</font></b></font></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><font style="text-transform: uppercase"><b>&#xa0;</b></font></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by
the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc.</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#xa0;</p>


<table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td colspan="2">&#xa0;</td>
    <td>&#xa0;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 3%"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By:</font></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; width: 47%"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>/s/ Alan Goodson</i></font></td>
    <td style="width: 50%">&#xa0;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td>&#xa0;</td>
    <td><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Alan Goodson,</font></td>
    <td>&#xa0;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td>&#xa0;</td>
    <td><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Principal Executive Officer of</font></td>
    <td>&#xa0;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td>&#xa0;</td>
    <td><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc.</font></td>
    <td>&#xa0;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td colspan="2">&#xa0;</td>
    <td>&#xa0;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td colspan="2"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Date:&#xa0;March 9, 2026</font></td>
    <td>&#xa0;</td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the
Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#xa0;</p>


<table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 3%"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By:</font></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; width: 47%"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>/s/ Alan Goodson</i></font></td>
    <td style="width: 50%">&#xa0;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td>&#xa0;</td>
    <td><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Alan Goodson,</font></td>
    <td>&#xa0;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td>&#xa0;</td>
    <td><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Principal Executive Officer of</font></td>
    <td>&#xa0;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td>&#xa0;</td>
    <td><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc.</font></td>
    <td>&#xa0;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td colspan="2">&#xa0;</td>
    <td>&#xa0;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td colspan="2"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Date:&#xa0;March 9, 2026</font></td>
    <td>&#xa0;</td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#xa0;&#xa0;</p>


<table cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px;">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 3%"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By:</font></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; width: 47%"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>/s/ Sharon Ferrari</i></font></td>
    <td style="width: 50%">&#xa0;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td>&#xa0;</td>
    <td><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Sharon Ferrari,</font></td>
    <td>&#xa0;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td>&#xa0;</td>
    <td><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Principal Financial Officer of</font></td>
    <td>&#xa0;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td>&#xa0;</td>
    <td><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc.</font></td>
    <td>&#xa0;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td colspan="2">&#xa0;</td>
    <td>&#xa0;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td colspan="2"><font style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Date:&#xa0;March 9, 2026</font></td>
    <td>&#xa0;</td></tr>
  </table>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#xa0;</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>


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</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-99.CODEETH
<SEQUENCE>2
<FILENAME>tm262592d1_ex99-codeeth.htm
<DESCRIPTION>EXHIBIT 99.CODEETH
<TEXT>
<HTML>
<HEAD>
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<BODY STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><!-- BannerFile="tm262592d1_ex99-codeeth.htm"   BannerFilePath="/apps/files/files/jms2files/gofiler/tm262592-1/tm262592-1_ncsrseq1/users" -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right"><B>Exhibit 99.CODEETH</B></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>CODE OF ETHICS (SOX)</B></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>(Principal Executive Officer/President and Principal
Financial Officer/Treasurer)</B></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>I.</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Purpose of the Code/Covered Officers</B></FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Pursuant to Section&nbsp;406
of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, the Securities and Exchange Commission (&ldquo;SEC&rdquo;) has adopted rules&nbsp;requiring annual
disclosure of an investment company&rsquo;s code of ethics applicable to its principal executive, principal financial and principal accounting
officers. The Funds have adopted this Code of Ethics (the &ldquo;Code&rdquo;) pursuant to these rules. The Code applies to the series
(each a &ldquo;Fund&rdquo;). The Code specifically applies to each Fund&rsquo;s President/Principal Executive Officer and Treasurer/Principal
Financial Officer (&ldquo;Covered Officers&rdquo;) for the purpose of promoting:</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&middot;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">honest and ethical conduct, including the ethical handling of actual or apparent conflicts of interest between personal and professional relationships;</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&middot;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">full, fair, accurate, timely and understandable disclosure in reports and documents that are filed with, or submits to, the SEC and in other public communications made by the Funds;</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&middot;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">compliance with applicable laws, rules&nbsp;and regulations;</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&middot;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">an environment that encourages disclosure of ethical and compliance related concerns;</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&middot;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the prompt internal reporting of violations of the Code to an appropriate person or persons identified in the Code without fear of reprisal; and</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&middot;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">accountability for adherence to the Code.</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The Covered Officers are integral
to the Funds&rsquo; goal of creating a culture of high ethical standards and commitment to compliance. In their roles, the Covered Officers
will refrain from engaging in any activity that may compromise their professional ethics or otherwise prejudice their ability to carry
out their duties to the Funds.&rsquo; They will act in good faith, with due care, competence and diligence, without misrepresenting material
facts or allowing their independent judgment to be subordinated.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>II.</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Actual and Apparent Conflicts of Interest</B></FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Overview:</B>&nbsp;A &ldquo;conflict
of interest&rdquo; occurs when a Covered Officer&rsquo;s private interest interferes with the interests of, or service to, the Funds.
For example, a conflict of interest would arise if a Covered Officer, or a member of his or her family, receives improper benefits as
a result of his or her position with the Funds.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Certain conflicts of interest
arise out of the relationship between Covered Officers and each Fund and already are subject to conflict of interest provisions in the
Investment Company Act of 1940 (the &ldquo;1940 Act&rdquo;) and the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (the &ldquo;Advisers Act&rdquo;).
For example, Covered Officers may not individually engage in certain transactions (such as the purchase or sale of securities or other
property) with the Funds because of their status as &ldquo;affiliated persons&rdquo; of the Funds. Each Fund&rsquo;s Adviser and Sub-adviser
(the &ldquo;adviser(s)&rdquo;) have adopted and implemented respective compliance programs and procedures that are designed to prevent,
or identify and correct, violations of these provisions. This Code does not, and is not intended to repeat or replace these programs and
procedures, and such conflicts fall outside of the parameters of this Code. Each Covered Officer should be sensitive to situations that
may give rise to actual as well as apparent conflicts of interest and should encourage his or her colleagues who provide service to the
Funds, whether directly or indirectly, to do the same.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Although typically not presenting
an opportunity for improper personal benefit, conflicts arise from, or as a result of, the contractual relationship between each Fund
and the investment adviser (and distributor to the Aberdeen open-end funds) of which the Covered Officers are also officers or employees.
As a result, this Code recognizes that the Covered Officers will, in the normal course of their duties (whether formally for the Fund
or the investment adviser or for both), be involved in establishing policies and implementing decisions that will have different effects
on the investment adviser, distributor and the Funds. The participation of the Covered Officers in such activities is inherent in the
contractual relationship between the Funds and the Adviser and is consistent with the performance by the Covered Officers of their duties
as officers of each Fund. Thus, if performed in conformity with the provisions of the 1940 Act and the Advisers Act, such activities will
be deemed to have been handled ethically. In addition, it is recognized by the Funds&rsquo; Board that the Covered Officers may also be
officers or employees of the Funds.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Other conflicts of interest
are covered by this Code, even if such conflicts of interest are not subject to provisions in the 1940 Act and the Advisers Act. The overarching
principle is that the personal interest of a Covered Officer should not be placed improperly before the interest of the Funds. A defining
question is, &ldquo;What is the long term interest of current shareholders?&rdquo; The following list provides examples of conflicts of
interest under this Code, but Covered Officers should keep in mind that these examples are not exhaustive.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Each Covered Officer must:</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&middot;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">not use his or her personal influence or personal relationships improperly to influence investment decisions or financial reporting by the Funds whereby the Covered Officer would directly or indirectly benefit personally to the detriment of the Funds;</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&middot;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">not cause the Funds to take action, or fail to take action, for the individual personal benefit of the Covered Officer rather than the benefit of the Funds;</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&middot;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">not use material non-public knowledge of Fund transactions made or contemplated for the Funds to trade personally or cause others to trade personally in contemplation of the market effect of such transactions;</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&middot;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">report at least annually affiliations or other relationships related to conflicts of interest covered by the Funds&rsquo; Directors and Officers Questionnaire.</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Any activity or relationship
that would present a conflict for a Covered Officer would likely also present a conflict for the Covered Officer if a member of the Covered
Officer&rsquo;s family engages in such activity or has such a relationship. There are some conflict of interest situations that should
always be discussed with the Compliance Officer prior to their occurrence, or if foreseen, as soon as reasonably possible after discovery.
Examples of these include:</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&middot;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">service on the board of any public company;</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&middot;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">any outside business activity that detracts from the ability of a Covered Officer to devote appropriate time and attention to his or her responsibilities as a Covered Officer of the Funds;</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&middot;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the receipt of any non-nominal gifts in excess of $100.00;</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&middot;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the receipt of any entertainment from any company with which the Funds has current or prospective business dealings unless such entertainment is business-related, reasonable in cost, appropriate as to time and place, and not so frequent as to raise any question of impropriety;</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&middot;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">any ownership interest in, or any consulting or employment relationship with any of the Funds&rsquo; service providers, other than its investment adviser, investment sub-adviser, principal underwriter, administrator or any affiliated person thereof;</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&middot;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">a direct or indirect financial interest in commissions, transaction charges or spreads paid by the Funds for effecting Fund transactions or for selling or redeeming shares other than an interest arising from the Covered Officer&rsquo;s employment, such as compensation or equity ownership.</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>III.</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Definitions</B></FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(A)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&ldquo;<I>Covered
Officer</I>&rdquo; with respect to a Fund means the principal executive officer of the Fund and senior financial officers of the Fund,
including the principal financial officer, controller or principal accounting officer, or persons performing similar functions, regardless
of whether these persons are employed by the Fund or a third party.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(B)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&ldquo;<I>Executive
Officer</I>&rdquo; of a Fund has the same meaning as set forth in Rule&nbsp;3b-7 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
Subject to any changes in that rule, the term &ldquo;executive officer,&rdquo; when used in the Code, means the president, any vice president,
any officer who performs a policy making function, or any other person who performs similar policy making functions for a Fund.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(C)&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&ldquo;<I>Waiver</I>&rdquo;
means the approval by a Fund&rsquo;s CCO of a material departure from a provision of the Code. &ldquo;<I>Waiver&rdquo;&nbsp;</I>includes
an &ldquo;<I>Implicit Waiver,&rdquo;&nbsp;</I>which is a Fund&rsquo;s failure to take action within a reasonable period of time regarding
a material departure from a provision of this Code that has been made known to an Executive Officer of the Fund.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>IV.</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Disclosure and Compliance</B></FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Each Covered Officer:</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&middot;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">should familiarize himself with the disclosure requirements generally applicable to the Funds;</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&middot;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">should not knowingly misrepresent, or cause others to misrepresent, facts about the Funds to others, whether within or outside the Funds, including the Funds&rsquo; Board and auditors, and to governmental regulators and self-regulatory organizations;</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&middot;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">should, to the extent appropriate within his or her area of responsibility, consult with other officers and employees of the Funds and the Advisers with the goal of promoting comprehensive, fair, accurate, timely and understandable disclosure in reports and documents the Funds file with, or submit to, the SEC and in other public communications made by the Funds;</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&middot;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">should cooperate with the each Fund&rsquo;s independent accountants, regulatory agencies, and internal auditors in their review of the Funds and its operations;</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&middot;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">should ensure the establishment of appropriate policies and procedures for the protection and retention of accounting records and information as required by applicable law, regulation, or regulatory guidelines and establish and administer financial controls that are appropriate to ensure the integrity of the financial reporting process and the availability of timely, relevant information for the Funds&rsquo; safe and sound operation; and</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&middot;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">has the responsibility to promote compliance with the standards and restrictions imposed by applicable laws, rules&nbsp;and regulations.</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 3 -->
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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>V.</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Reporting and Accountability</B></FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Each Covered Officer must:</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&middot;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">upon adoption of this Code (or thereafter as applicable, upon becoming a Covered Officer), affirm in writing that he has received, read, and understands this Code;</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&middot;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">annually thereafter affirm that he has complied with the requirements of this Code;</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&middot;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">not retaliate against any other Covered Officer or any employee of the Adviser, or their affiliated persons, or any other employee of a private contractor that provides service to the Funds, for reports of potential violations that are made in good faith; and</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&middot;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">notify the Funds&rsquo; CCO promptly if he or she knows or suspects that a violation of applicable laws, regulations, or of this Code has occurred, is occurring, or is about to occur. Failure to do so is itself a violation of this Code.</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">See&nbsp;<B>Exhibit&nbsp;A</B>&nbsp;for
the form of PEO/PFO certification.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The Funds&rsquo; CCO is responsible
for applying this Code to specific situations in which questions are presented under it and has the authority to interpret this Code in
any particular situation. However, any approvals or Waivers sought by the President will be considered by the Funds&rsquo; Audit Committee.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The Funds will follow these
procedures in investigating and enforcing this Code.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&middot;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Funds&rsquo; Compliance Officer will take all appropriate action to investigate any potential violations reported to him/her.</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&middot;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If, after such investigation, the Compliance Officer believes that no violation has occurred, he or she is not required to take any further action. The Compliance Officer is authorized to consult, as appropriate, with the chair of the Audit Committee and Counsel to the Independent Board, and is encouraged to do so after consultation with each Fund&rsquo;s President when, in the Compliance Officer&rsquo;s opinion such consultation will not increase the risk to shareholders.</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&middot;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Any matter that the Compliance Officer believes is a violation will be reported to the Audit Committee (the &ldquo;Committee&rdquo;).</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&middot;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If the Committee concurs that a violation has occurred, it will inform and make a recommendation to the full Board, which will consider appropriate action, which may include review of and appropriate modifications to, applicable policies and procedures; notification to appropriate personnel of the Adviser or its Board; or a recommendation to dismiss the Covered Officer.</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&middot;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Each Fund&rsquo;s Board will be responsible for granting Waivers, as appropriate.</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&middot;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Any changes to or Waivers of this Code will, to the extent required, be disclosed as provided by the SEC rules.</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>VI.</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Sanctions</B></FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The matters covered in the
Code are of the utmost importance to the Funds and their stockholders and are essential to each Fund&rsquo;s ability to conduct its business
in accordance with its stated values. Each Covered Officer and each Executive Officer is expected to adhere to these rules&nbsp;(to the
extent applicable) in carrying out his or her duties for the Funds. The conduct of each Covered Officer and each Executive Officer can
reinforce an ethical atmosphere and positively influence the conduct of all officers, employees and agents of the Funds. A Fund will,
if appropriate, take action against any Covered Officer whose actions are found to violate the Code. Appropriate sanctions for violations
of the Code will depend on the materiality of the violation to the Fund.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Sanctions may include, among
other things, a requirement that the violator undergo training related to the violation, a letter or sanction or written censure by the
Board, the imposition of a monetary penalty, suspension of the violator as an officer of a Fund or termination of the employment of the
violator. If a Fund has suffered a loss because of violations of the Code, the Fund may pursue remedies against the individuals or entities
responsible.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>VII.</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Other Policies and Procedures</B></FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">This Code shall be the sole
code of ethics adopted by the Funds for the purposes of Section&nbsp;406 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and the rules&nbsp;and forms applicable
to registered investment companies thereunder. Insofar as other policies or procedures of the Funds, the Adviser, principal underwriter,
or other service providers govern or purport to govern the behavior or activities if the Covered Officers who are subject to this Code,
they are superseded by this Code to the extent that they overlap or conflict with the provisions of this Code. The Funds&rsquo; and Adviser&rsquo;s
code of ethics under Rule&nbsp;17j-1 under the Investment Company Act of 1940 are not part of this Code.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>VIII.</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Amendments</B></FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Any amendments to this Code
must be approved or ratified by a majority vote of the each Fund&rsquo;s Board, including a majority of Independent Board members.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>IX.</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Confidentiality</B></FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">All reports and records prepared
or maintained pursuant to this Code will be considered confidential and shall be maintained and protected accordingly. Except as otherwise
required by law or this Code, such matters shall not be disclosed to anyone other than the appropriate Board and its Counsel.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>X.</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Internal Use</B></FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">This Code is intended solely
for internal use by the Funds and does not constitute an admission, by or on behalf of the Funds, as to any fact, circumstance, or legal
conclusion. This Code is a statement of certain fundamental principles, policies, and procedures that govern the Covered Officers in the
conduct of each Fund&rsquo;s business. It is not intended and does not create any rights in any employee, investor, supplier, creditor,
shareholder or any other person.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Exhibit&nbsp;A</B></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>CODE OF ETHICS</B></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>PURSUANT TO THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002</B></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Initial and Annual Certification of Compliance</B></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
                                                                                                                                      <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 50%; text-align: left">Name&#8239;(please print)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 50%"></TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">This is to certify that I have received a copy
of the Code of Ethics Pursuant to the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (&ldquo;Code&rdquo;) for the following Funds:</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">List of Funds</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">I have read and understand the Code. Moreover,&nbsp;I
agree to promptly report to the Chief Compliance Officer any violation or possible violation of this Code of which I become aware. I understand
that violation of the Code will be grounds for disciplinary action or dismissal.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>Check one:</I></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>Initial</B></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings">&#168;</FONT></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;I
further certify that I am subject to the Code and will comply with each of the Code&rsquo;s provisions to which I am subject.</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>Annual</B></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings">&#168;</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;I
further certify that I have complied with and will continue to comply with each of the provisions of the Code to which I am subject.</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; width: 49%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 2%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; width: 49%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Signature</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Date</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Received by (name and title):</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Date</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


</BODY>
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</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-99.CERT
<SEQUENCE>3
<FILENAME>tm262592d1_ex99-cert.htm
<DESCRIPTION>EXHIBIT 99.CERT
<TEXT>
<HTML>
<HEAD>
     <TITLE></TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><!-- BannerFile="tm262592d1_ex99-cert.htm"   BannerFilePath="/apps/files/files/jms2files/gofiler/tm262592-1/tm262592-1_ncsrseq1/users" -->

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: right; margin: 0pt">Exhibit 99.CERT</P>


<P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>Certification
Pursuant to Rule 30a-2(a) under the 1940 Act and Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act</B></FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 18.2pt">I, Sharon Ferrari, certify that:</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 18.2pt">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="width: 18.2pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 16.8pt">1.</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">I have reviewed this report on Form N-CSR of abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc.;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>




<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 18.2pt">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18.2pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 16.8pt">2.</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to
state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not
misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;</TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18.2pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 16.8pt">3.</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report,
fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations, changes in net assets, and cash flows (if the
financial statements are required to include a statement of cash flows) of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this
report;</TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18.2pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 16.8pt">4.</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">The registrant&rsquo;s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining
disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 30a-3(c) under the Investment Company Act of 1940) and internal control over financial
reporting (as defined in Rule 30a-3(d) under the Investment Company Act of 1940) for the registrant and have:</TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">(a)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to
be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries,
is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;</TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">(b)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial
reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the
preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;</TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 42pt">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">(c)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant&rsquo;s disclosure controls and procedures and presented
in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of a date within 90 days prior to
the filing date of this report based on such evaluation; and</TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">(d)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant&rsquo;s internal control over financial reporting
that occurred during the period covered by this report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the
registrant&rsquo;s internal control over financial reporting; and</TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18.2pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 16.8pt">5.</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">The registrant&rsquo;s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed to the registrant&rsquo;s auditors
and the audit committee of the registrant&rsquo;s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):</TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">(a)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over
financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant&rsquo;s ability to record, process, summarize, and
report financial information; and</TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">(b)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant
role in the registrant&rsquo;s internal control over financial reporting.</TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Date: March 9, 2026</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 42pt">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 50%; font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">/s/ Sharon Ferrari</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; width: 50%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Sharon Ferrari</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Principal Financial Officer</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>




<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>


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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>Certification
Pursuant to Rule 30a-2(a) under the 1940 Act and Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act</B></FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 18.2pt">I, Alan Goodson, certify that:</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 18.2pt">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="width: 18.2pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 16.8pt">1.</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">I have reviewed this report on Form N-CSR of abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc.;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>




<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 18.2pt">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18.2pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 16.8pt">2.</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to
state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not
misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;</TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18.2pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 16.8pt">3.</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report,
fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations, changes in net assets, and cash flows (if the
financial statements are required to include a statement of cash flows) of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this
report;</TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18.2pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 16.8pt">4.</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">The registrant&rsquo;s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining
disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 30a-3(c) under the Investment Company Act of 1940) and internal control over financial
reporting (as defined in Rule 30a-3(d) under the Investment Company Act of 1940) for the registrant and have:</TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">(a)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to
be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries,
is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;</TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">(b)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial
reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the
preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;</TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 42pt">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">(c)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant&rsquo;s disclosure controls and procedures and presented
in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of a date within 90 days prior to
the filing date of this report based on such evaluation; and</TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">(d)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant&rsquo;s internal control over financial reporting
that occurred during the period covered by this report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the
registrant&rsquo;s internal control over financial reporting; and</TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 18.2pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 16.8pt">5.</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">The registrant&rsquo;s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed to the registrant&rsquo;s auditors
and the audit committee of the registrant&rsquo;s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):</TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">(a)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over
financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant&rsquo;s ability to record, process, summarize, and
report financial information; and</TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">(b)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant
role in the registrant&rsquo;s internal control over financial reporting.</TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Date: March 9, 2026</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 50%; font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">/s/ Alan Goodson</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Alan Goodson</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Principal Executive Officer</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>




<P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="margin: 0pt"></P>


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    <!-- Field: /Page -->


<P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>


</BODY>
</HTML>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-99.906CERT
<SEQUENCE>4
<FILENAME>tm262592d1_ex99-906cert.htm
<DESCRIPTION>EXHIBIT 99.906CERT
<TEXT>
<HTML>
<HEAD>
     <TITLE></TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><!-- BannerFile="tm262592d1_ex99-906cert.htm"   BannerFilePath="/apps/files/files/jms2files/gofiler/tm262592-1/tm262592-1_ncsrseq1/users" -->

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: right; margin: 0">Exhibit 99.906CERT</P>


<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>Certification
Pursuant to Rule 30a-2(b) under the 1940 Act and Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act</B></FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Alan Goodson, Principal Executive Officer, and
Sharon Ferrari, Principal Financial Officer, of abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc. (the &ldquo;Registrant&rdquo;), each certify
that:</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 42pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">1.</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">The Registrant&rsquo;s periodic report on Form N-CSR for the period ended December 31, 2025 (the &ldquo;Form
N-CSR&rdquo;) fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended,
as applicable; and</TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">2.</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">The information contained in the Form N-CSR fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition
and results of operations of the Registrant.</TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund,
    Inc.</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">/s/ Alan Goodson</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Alan Goodson</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Date: March 9, 2026</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>




<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL OFFICER</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">abrdn Emerging Markets ex-China Fund, Inc.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 50%; font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">/s/ Sharon Ferrari</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Sharon Ferrari</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Date: March 9, 2026</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>




<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">This certification is being furnished solely pursuant
to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and is not being filed as part of Form N-CSR or as a separate disclosure document. A
signed original of this written statement, or other document authenticating, acknowledging, or otherwise adopting the signature that appears
in typed form within the electronic version of this written statement required by Section 906, has been provided to the Registrant and
will be retained by the Registrant and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="margin: 0"></P>


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    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->


<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>


</BODY>
</HTML>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-99.19(C)
<SEQUENCE>5
<FILENAME>tm262592d1_ex99-19xc.htm
<DESCRIPTION>EXHIBIT 99.19(C)
<TEXT>
<HTML>
<HEAD>
     <TITLE></TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><!-- BannerFile="tm262592d1_ex99-19xc.htm"   BannerFilePath="/apps/files/files/jms2files/gofiler/tm262592-1/tm262592-1_ncsrseq1/users" -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="margin: 0"></P>


<P STYLE="margin: 0; text-align: right"><B>Exhibit&#8239;99.19(c)</B></P>


<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>




<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Appendix A - Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><B>Aberdeen Investments U.S. Registered
Advisers (the &ldquo;Advisers&rdquo;)</B></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><B>Proxy Voting Guidelines<BR>
</B><I>Effective as of March 2025</I></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 38pt 0pt 0.5in; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">Rule 206(4)-6 under the Investment
Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (the &ldquo;Advisers Act&rdquo;) requires the Advisers to vote proxies in a manner consistent with clients&rsquo;
best interest and must not place its interests above those of its clients when doing so. It requires the Advisers to: (i) adopt and implement
written policies and procedures that are reasonably designed to ensure that the Advisers vote proxies in the best interest of the clients,
and (ii) to disclose to the clients how they may obtain information on how the Advisers voted proxies. In addition, Rule 204-2 requires
the Advisers to keep records of proxy voting and client requests for information. As of August 31, of each year, investment managers that
are required to file reports under Section 13(f) are required to report their proxy voting records on Form N-PX for the twelve-month period
ended June 30, with respect to certain shareholder advisory votes on executive compensation (those required by Section 14A of the Exchange
Act). As registered investment advisers, the Advisers have an obligation to vote proxies with respect to securities held in its client
portfolios in the best interests of the clients for which it has proxy voting authority.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">The Advisers are committed to exercising
responsible ownership with a conviction that companies adopting best practices in corporate governance will be more successful in their
core activities and deliver enhanced returns to shareholders.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">The Advisers have adopted a proxy
voting policy. The proxy voting policy is designed and implemented in a way that is reasonably expected to ensure that proxies are voted
in the best interests of clients.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">Resolutions are analysed by a member
of our regional investment teams or our Active Ownership Team and votes instructed following consideration of our policies, our views
of the company and our investment insights. To enhance our analysis, we will often engage with a company prior to voting to understand
additional context and explanations, particularly where there is a deviation from what we believe to be best practice.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">Where contentious issues arise in
relation to motions put before a shareholders&rsquo; meeting, Advisers will usually contact the management of the company to exchange
views and give management the opportunity to articulate its position. The long-term nature of the relationships that we develop with investee
company boards should enable us to deal with any concerns that we may have over strategy, the management of risk or governance practices
directly with the chairman or senior independent director. In circumstances where this approach is unsuccessful, Advisers are prepared
to escalate their intervention by expressing their concerns through the company&rsquo;s advisers, through interaction with other shareholders
or attending and speaking at General Meetings.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">In managing third party money on
behalf of clients, there are a limited number of situations where potential conflicts of interest could arise in the context of proxy
voting. One case is where funds are invested in companies that are either clients or related parties of clients. Another case is where
one fund managed by Aberdeen Investments invests in other funds managed by Aberdeen Investments.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">For cases involving potential conflicts
of interest, Advisers have implemented procedures to ensure the appropriate handling of proxy voting decisions. The guiding principle
of the Advisers&rsquo; conflicts of interest policy is simple &ndash; to exercise our right to vote in the best interests of the clients
on whose behalf we are managing funds.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">We employ ISS as a service provider
to facilitate electronic voting. We require ISS to provide recommendations based on our own set of parameters to tailored Aberdeen&rsquo;s
assessment and approach but remain conscious that all voting decisions, where we have been given voting authority, are our own on behalf
of our clients. We consider ISS&rsquo;s recommendations and those based on our custom parameters as input to our voting decisions. We
make use of the ISS standard research and recommendations and those based on our own custom policy as input to our voting decisions. Where
our analysts make a voting decision that is different from the recommendations based on our custom policy they will provide a rationale
for such decisions which will be made available upon request.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">In order to make proxy voting decisions,
an Aberdeen Investments analyst will assess the resolutions at general meetings of companies held in our active investment portfolios.
This analysis will be based on our knowledge of the company, but will also make use of the custom and standard recommendations provided
by ISS as described above. The product of this analysis will be a final voting decision instructed through ISS and applied to all funds
for which Aberdeen have been appointed to vote. For funds managed by a sub-adviser, we may delegate to the sub-adviser the authority to
vote proxies; however, the sub-adviser will be required to either follow our policies and procedures or to demonstrate that their policies
and procedures are consistent with ours, or otherwise implemented in the best interest of clients.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">There may be certain circumstances
where Aberdeen may take a more limited role in voting proxies. We will not vote proxies for client accounts in which the client contract
specifies that Aberdeen will not vote. We may abstain from voting a client proxy if the voting is uneconomic or otherwise not in clients&rsquo;
best interests. For companies held only in passively managed portfolios the Aberdeen custom recommendations provided by ISS will be used
to automatically apply our voting approach; we have scope to intervene to test that this delivers appropriate results and will on occasions
opt to instruct a vote differently from custom recommendations if we consider this to be in clients&rsquo; best interests. If voting securities
are part of a securities lending program, we may be unable to vote while the securities are on loan. However, we have the ability to recall
shares on loan or to restrict lending when required, in order to ensure all shares have voted. In addition, certain jurisdictions may
impose share-blocking restrictions at various times which may prevent Aberdeen from exercising our voting authority.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">We recognize that there may be situations
in which we vote at a company meeting where we encounter a conflict of interest. Such situations include:</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">where a portfolio manager owns the holding in
a personal account</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">An investee company that is also a segregated
client</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">An investee company where an executive director
or officer of our company is also a director of that company</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">An investee company where an employee of Aberdeen
is a director of that company</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">A significant distributor of our products</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Any other companies which may be relevant from
time to time </FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">In order to manage such conflicts
of interests, we have established procedures to escalate decision-making so as to ensure that our voting decisions are based on our clients&rsquo;
best interests and are not impacted by any conflict.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: left">The implementation of this policy,
along with conflicts of interest, will be reviewed periodically by the Active Ownership team. Aberdeen Investments&rsquo; Listed Company
Sustainable Investment Principles and Voting Policies are published on our website.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">To the extent that an Adviser may
rely on sub-advisers, whether affiliated or unaffiliated, to manage any client portfolio on a discretionary basis, the Adviser may delegate
responsibility for voting proxies to the sub-adviser. However, such sub-advisers will be required either to follow these Policies and
Procedures or to demonstrate that their proxy voting policies and procedures are consistent with these Policies and Procedures or otherwise
implemented in the best interests of the Adviser&rsquo;s clients. Clients that have not granted Aberdeen voting authority over securities
held in their accounts will receive their proxies in accordance with the arrangements they have made with their service providers.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">As disclosed in Part 2A of each Adviser&rsquo;s
Form ADV, a client may obtain information on how its proxies were voted by requesting such information from its Adviser. Unless specifically
requested by a client in writing, and other than as required for the Funds, the Advisers do not generally disclose client-specific proxy
votes to third parties.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Our proxy voting records are available
per request and on the SEC&rsquo;s website at SEC.gov.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">On occasions when it is deemed to be a fiduciary for an
ERISA client&rsquo;s assets, Aberdeen will vote the Plan assets in accordance with Aberdeen Investments&rsquo; Listed Company Sustainable
Investment Principles and Voting Policies and in line with DOL guidance.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 74pt 0pt 1in">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>Listed Company Investment Principles &amp;
Voting Policies</B></P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">April 2025</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">Aberdeen Investments is a global specialist asset manager.
We are dedicated to helping investors achieve their financial goals in a changing world by combining our specialist knowledge, global
presence in more than 25 locations and investing for the long-term.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">Active Ownership and sustainable investment considerations
are critical components of our investment process, our investment activity, our client journey and our corporate influence.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">Through engagement with the companies in which we invest,
and by exercising votes on behalf of our clients, we seek to improve the financial resilience and performance of our clients&rsquo; investments.
Where we believe change is needed, we endeavour to catalyse this through our stewardship capabilities</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Our expectations</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="text-align: left; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">As global investors, we are particularly aware that sustainable
investment structures and frameworks vary across regions. Furthermore, what we expect of the companies in which we invest varies between
different stages of business development and the underlying history and nature of the company in question. We seek to understand each
company&rsquo;s individual circumstances and so evaluate how it can best be governed and overseen. As such, we strive to apply the principles
and policies set out on these pages in response to the needs of that individual company at that particular time. Our heritage as a predominantly
active fund manager helps drive this bespoke approach to understanding good governance and risk management.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">We have a clear perception of what we consider to be best
practice globally &ndash; as set out in this document. However we will reflect the nature of the business, our close understanding of
individual companies and regional considerations, where appropriate, in our approach to applying these policies, which are not exhaustive.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">The principles and voting policies
noted herein reflect our current position. We are monitoring and have contributed to the many reform agendas and consultations in the
governance arena, particularly in the UK, on areas such as market competitiveness, listing rules, the approval of corporate transactions
and greater flexibility in remuneration practices, including wider use of restricted stock. We are actively involved in these discussions,
both as a corporate issuer and an investor, and our position will evolve as rules, guidance and practice develops.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="text-align: left; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">This document has received approval from Aberdeen&rsquo;s
Chief Investment Officer (CIO) and the Chief Sustainable Investment Officer &ndash; Investments (CSIO) following consultation with various
internal stakeholders.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Our approach to stewardship</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="text-align: left; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">We seek to integrate and appraise environmental, social
and governance factors in our investment process. Our aim is to generate the best long-term outcomes for our clients, proportionate to
the risk preference they have accepted, and we will actively take steps as stewards and owners to protect and enhance the value of our
clients&rsquo; assets.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="text-align: left; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Stewardship is a reflection of this bespoke approach to
good governance and risk management. We seek to understand each company&rsquo;s specific approach to governance, how value is created
through business success and how investors&rsquo; interests are protected through the management of risks that materially impact business
success. This requires us to play our part in the governance process by being active stewards of companies, involved in dialogue with
management and non-executive directors where appropriate, understanding the material risks and opportunities &ndash; including those relating
to environmental and social factors and helping to shape the future success of the business.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">We will:</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 74pt 0pt 1in">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Take into consideration, in our investment process,
the policies and practices on environmental, social and governance matters of the companies in which we invest.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Seek to enhance long-term shareholder value through
constructive engagement with the companies in which we invest.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Actively engage with companies and assets in
which we invest where we believe we can influence or gain insight.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Exercise voting rights, where held, in a manner
consistent with our clients&rsquo; long-term best interests.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Seek
to influence the development of appropriately high standards of corporate governance and corporate responsibility in relation to environmental
and social factors for the benefit of our clients.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Communicate our Listed Company Investment Principles
and Voting Policies to clients, companies and other interested parties.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Be accountable to clients within the constraints
of professional confidentiality and legislative and regulatory requirements.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Be transparent in reporting our engagement and
voting activities.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 74pt 0pt 1in">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">Aberdeen
is committed to exercising responsible ownership with a conviction that companies seeking to upgrade their practices in corporate governance
and risk management will be more successful in their core activities and deliver enhanced long-term returns to shareholders. As owners
of companies, the process of stewardship is a natural part of our investment approach as we seek to benefit from their long-term success
on our clients&rsquo; behalf.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>Engagement</B></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">It
is a central tenet of our active investment approach that we strive to meet with the management and directors of our investee companies
on a regular basis. We will concentrate that engagement on investee companies undergoing transformation or facing exceptional challenges
or opportunities. The discussions we have cover a wide range of topics, including: strategic, operational, and ESG issues and consider
the long-term drivers of value.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">Engagement with
companies on environmental, social and governance risks and opportunities is a fundamental part of our investment process. It is a process
through which we can discuss how a company identifies, prioritises and mitigates its key risks and optimises outcomes from its most significant
opportunities. As such, we regard engagement as:</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 74pt 0pt 1in">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Important to understanding investee companies
holistically.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Helpful when conducting comprehensive sustainable
investment analysis.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Useful to maintaining open dialogue and constructive
relationships with companies.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">An opportunity to generate positive change on
a company&rsquo;s holistic risk management programme&ndash;be active with our holdings rather than activist.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Proxy Voting</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">Proxy voting is an integral part of our active stewardship
approach and we exercise voting rights in a manner in line with our clients&rsquo; best interests. We seek to ensure that voting reflects
our understanding of the companies in which we invest on behalf of our clients. We believe that voting is a vital mechanism for holding
boards and management teams to account, and is an important tool for escalation and shareholder action.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">This document includes our process and overarching policy
guidelines which we apply when voting at general meetings. These policies are not exhaustive and we evaluate our voting on a case by case
basis. As a global investment firm we recognise the practical necessity of adopting a regional approach, taking into account differing
and developing market practices. Where a policy is specific to one region this is denoted.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">We endeavour to engage with companies regarding our voting
decisions to maintain a dialogue on matters of concern.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Voting Process</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">In line with our active ownership approach, we review
the majority of general meeting agendas convened by companies which are held in our active equity portfolios. Analysis is undertaken by
a member of our regional investment teams or our Active Ownership team and votes instructed following consideration of our policies, our
views of the company and our investment insights. To enhance our analysis we may engage with a company prior to voting to understand additional
context and explanations, particularly where there is deviation from what we believe to be best practice.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">To supplement our own analysis we may also make use of
the benchmark research and recommendations provided by ISS, a provider of proxy voting services. In the UK we also make use of the Investment
Association&rsquo;s (IA) Institutional Voting Information Service. We have implemented regional voting policy guidelines with ISS which
they apply to all meetings in order to produce customised vote recommendations. These custom recommendations help identify resolutions
which deviate from our expectations. They are also used to determine votes where a company is held only in passive funds. Within our custom
policies, however, we do specify numerous resolutions which should be referred to us for active review. For example we will review any
resolution at company meetings we have identified as covering environmental and social factors.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">While it is most common for us to vote in line with a
board&rsquo;s voting recommendation we will vote our clients&rsquo; shares against resolutions which we believe are not consistent with
their best interests. We may also vote against resolutions which conflict with domestic governance guidelines, such as those issued by
the IA in the UK. Although we seek to vote either in favour or against a resolution we do make use of an abstain vote where this is considered
appropriate. For example we may use an abstention to acknowledge some improvement, but as a means to reserve our position in expectation
that further improvement is needed before we can vote in favour. Where we vote against a resolution we endeavour to inform companies of
our rationale.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In exceptional circumstances we may attend and speak at
a shareholder meeting to reinforce our views to the company&rsquo;s board.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">We endeavour to vote all shares for which we have voting
authority. We may not vote when there are obstacles to do so, for example those impacting liquidity, such as share-blocking, or where
there is a significant conflict of interest. We use the voting platform of ISS to instruct our votes.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><B>Governance</B></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Strategy</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">We invest in companies that will create the best outcome
for our clients in line with their investment mandates. Companies must be clear about the drivers of their business success and their
strategy for maintaining and enhancing it. Investment is a forward-looking process; we seek to understand the opportunity for a business
and its scope for future value-creation over the long term. In order to do this, we need clarity on past business delivery and its drivers,
and on the effective track record of management; we require honest and open reporting to build confidence in that track record. We seek
confidence that companies and their management can maintain their competitive positioning and operational performance and subsequently
enhance returns for investors. A clear strategy and clarity about the drivers of operational success provides the lens through which we
will consider most corporate issues, not least assessing performance and risk management.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 74pt 0pt 1in">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">We will consider voting against executive or
non-executive directors if we have serious concerns regarding the oversight or implementation of strategy.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Board of Directors</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">We believe effective board governance promotes the long-term
success and value creation of the company. The board should be responsible for establishing the company&rsquo;s purpose and strategy,
overseeing management in their implementation of strategy and performance against objectives. The board should ensure a strong framework
of control and risk oversight, including material sustainable investment risks. The board should assess and monitor culture and be engaged
with the workforce, shareholders and wider society.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Board Composition</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">Effective decision making requires a mix of skills around
the table and constructive debate between diverse and different-minded individuals. A range of skills, experience and perspectives should
be drawn together on the board. These include industry knowledge, experience from other sectors and relevant geographical knowledge. Independence
of thought plays a crucial role in the ability of a board to generate the debate and discussion that will challenge management, help enhance
business performance and improve decision-making. Board assessments will help the board ensure it has the necessary mix of skills, diversity
and quality of individuals to address the risks and opportunities the company faces. Unitary boards should comprise an appropriate combination
of executive and non-executive directors such that no group of individuals dominates decision-making. We expect the size of the board
to reflect the size, nature and complexity of the business. We also expect regular internal and external board evaluations which include
an assessment of board composition and effectiveness.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Leadership</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">Running
businesses effectively for the long term requires effective collaboration and cooperation, with no individual or small group having unfettered
powers. Nor should any individual or small group have dominant influence over the way a business is run or over major decisions about
its operations or future. There should be a division of responsibility between board leadership and executive leadership of the business.
We believe that there should be a division of roles at the top of the organisation, typically between a Chief Executive Officer (CEO)
and an independent Chair.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 74pt 0pt 1in">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">We will consider supporting the re-election of
an existing Chair &amp; CEO role combination, recognising that this remains common in certain geographies. In reviewing this on a case
by case basis we will take account of the particular circumstances of the company and consider what checks and balances are in place,
such as the presence of a strong Senior Independent Director with a clear scope of responsibility.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">We will generally oppose any re-combination of
the roles of CEO and Chair, unless the move is on a temporary basis due to exceptional circumstances or other mitigating factors.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">We will generally oppose any move of a retiring
CEO to the role of Chair.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 74pt 0pt 1in">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Independence</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">Companies should be led and overseen by genuinely independent
boards. When looking at board composition we generally expect to see a majority of independent directors, with boards identifying their
independence classifications in the Annual Report. It is preferable to see an identified Senior Independent Director on the board, who
will lead the appraisal of and succession planning for the Chair. We expect SIDs to meet with investors and be a point of contact for
escalating concerns if required.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In assessing a director&rsquo;s independence we will have
due regard for whether a director:</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 74pt 0pt 1in">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">i.</TD><TD>Has been an employee of the company within the last five years.</TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 74pt 0pt 1in; text-indent: -0.25in">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">ii.</TD><TD>Has had within the last three years a material business relationship with the company.</TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 74pt 0pt 1in; text-indent: -0.25in">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">iii.</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">Has received remuneration in addition to director fees or participates in the company&rsquo;s option or
variable incentive schemes, or is a member of the company&rsquo;s pension scheme.</TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 74pt 0pt 1in; text-indent: -0.25in">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">iv.</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Has close family ties with any of the company&rsquo;s advisers, directors or senior employees.</TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 74pt 0pt 1in; text-indent: -0.25in">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 74pt 0pt 1in; text-indent: -0.25in"></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 74pt 0pt 1in; text-indent: -0.25in">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">v.</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Holds cross-directorships or has significant links with other directors through involvement in other companies
or bodies.</TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 74pt 0pt 1in; text-indent: -0.25in">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">vi.</TD><TD>Represents a significant shareholder.</TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 74pt 0pt 1in; text-indent: -0.25in">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">vii.</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Has served on the board for more than 12 years (or 9 for UK companies).</TD></TR><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
                                                                                                                                                                                  </TABLE>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">We will consider voting against the re-election
of non-independent directors if the board is not majority independent (excluding employee representatives). In doing so we will have regard
for whether a company is controlled and the nature of the non-independence &ndash; for example, we are unlikely to vote against shareholder
representatives unless their representation is disproportionate to their shareholding</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 74pt 0pt 1in">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Succession Planning &amp; Refreshment</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">Regular refreshment of the non-executive portion of a
board helps draw in fresh perspectives, not least in the context of changes to business and emerging opportunities and risks. It also
helps limit the danger of group-think. Thoughtful and proactive succession planning is therefore needed for board continuity, to ensure
that a board is populated by individuals with an appropriate mix of skills, experience and perspective. We expect the board to implement
a formal process for the recruitment and appointment of new directors, and to provide transparency of this in the Annual Report.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 74pt 0pt 1in">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">We will vote against non-executive directors
where there are concerns regarding board refreshment or excessive tenure. Where there are directors who have served for over 12 years
on a board which has seen no refreshment in 3 years (2 in UK), we will generally vote against their re-election. If a director has served
for over 15 years we will generally vote against their re-election. We will, however, consider the impact on board continuity and the
company&rsquo;s succession planning efforts prior to doing so. We may also not apply the tenure limit to directors who are founders or
shareholder representatives where we believe this is appropriate.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 74pt 0pt 1in">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Diversity</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">We
believe diversity, equity and inclusion (DEI) policies can help ensure that the best people are appointed to each role in the company,
with the combination of skills and experience judged most likely to contribute to long- term value creation. Companies that make progress
in DEI can be better positioned for long-term sustainability and outperformance. We believe diversity of thought, paired with a culture
of inclusion, can help companies to tackle increasingly complex challenges and markets. We take into consideration whether boards report
on how they promote DEI throughout the business. We recognise the necessity of adopting a regional approach to DEI, allowing us to account
for variation in the needs and requirements of the company based on geography. We have for several years, actively encouraged progress
in gender diversity at all levels, and have expanded our scope in relation to diversity, equity and inclusion across geographies. In respect
of ethnic diversity, this is coming increasingly into focus as we encourage boards to progress in ensuring that their composition reflects
their employee and customer bases.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">Our regional specific policies are below. In determining
our votes we will take account of mitigating factors, such as the sudden departure of a female board member. We will also consider the
trajectory of diversity at the company and any assurance that diversity shortfalls will soon be addressed.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>Gender Diversity.</B></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 74pt 0pt 1in">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">UK: We will generally vote against the Nomination
Committee Chair of FTSE 350 companies if the board is not comprised of at least one third female directors. We expect companies to seek
to comply with the FCA&rsquo;s diversity targets and may vote against the Chair of the Nomination Committee if we have concerns regarding
the Committee&rsquo;s efforts in succession planning to achieve the gender diversity target of 40% female members. For smaller companies,
we will take action if the board does not include at least one female director.</FONT></TD></TR><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
                                                                                                </TABLE>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Europe: We will generally vote against the Nomination
Committee Chair of LargeCap companies if the supervisory board is not comprised of at least 30% female directors, or is not in line with
the local standard if higher. For smaller companies, we will take this action if the supervisory board does not include at least one female
director.</FONT></TD></TR><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
                          </TABLE>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Australia: We will generally vote against the
Nomination Committee Chair of ASX300 companies if the board is not comprised of at least 30% female directors.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><B>Ethnic Diversity</B></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 74pt 0pt 1in; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">UK: We will generally vote against the Nomination
Committee Chair at the boards of FTSE 250 companies, if the board does not include at least one member from an ethnic minority background.
This is in line with targets set up by the Parker Review.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 74pt 0pt 1in">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>Directors&rsquo; Time Commitment</B></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">Individual directors need sufficient time to carry out
their role effectively and therefore we seek to ensure that all directors maintain an appropriate level of overall commitments such that
allows them to be properly diligent.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 74pt 0pt 1in">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">We will consider opposing the election or re-election
of any director where there is a concern regarding their ability to dedicate sufficient time to the role. In making this assessment we
will have regard to the ISS classification of &lsquo;overboarding&rsquo;.</FONT></TD></TR><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
                                                                                          </TABLE>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">We will generally oppose the re-election of any
director who has attended fewer than 75% of board meetings in two consecutive years.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 74pt 0pt 1in">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Board Committees</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">Boards should establish committees, populated by independent
and appropriately skilled non-executive directors, to oversee (as a minimum) the nomination, audit and remuneration processes. It may
also be appropriate for additional committees to be established, such as a risk or sustainability committee. These committees should report
openly on an annual basis about their activities and key decisions taken.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">We will consider voting against committee members if we
have concerns regarding the composition of a committee in relation to independence or skills.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Nomination Committee</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">This committee has responsibility for leading the process
for orderly non-executive and senior management succession planning and recruitment, and for overseeing the composition of the board including
skillset, experience and diversity. We expect the committee to be comprised of a majority of independent directors with an independent
Chair.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 74pt 0pt 1in">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">We will consider voting against the re-election
of the Nomination Committee Chair if we have concerns regarding the composition of the board or concerns regarding poor succession planning.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 74pt 0pt 1in">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Audit Committee</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">This committee has responsibility for monitoring the integrity
of the financial statements, reviewing the company&rsquo;s internal financial controls and risk management systems, reviewing the effectiveness
of the company&rsquo;s internal audit function and appointing and overseeing the quality of the work done by external auditors. We prefer
the committee to be wholly independent, and expect this at UK and US companies in view of general market practice and board composition.
In other regions, as a minimum, we expect the committee to be comprised of a majority of independent directors with an independent Chair.
Furthermore we expect at least one member of the committee to have recent and relevant financial experience.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 74pt 0pt 1in">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">UK &amp; US: We will generally vote against the
re-election of non-independent members of the Audit Committee.</FONT></TD></TR><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD></TD></TR>
                                                                                </TABLE>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Europe: We will generally vote against the re-election
of non-independent members of the Audit Committee if the committee is not majority independent. We will also generally vote against a
non-independent Chair of the Audit Committee.</FONT></TD></TR><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
                                                              </TABLE>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">We will generally vote against the re-election
of the Audit Committee Chair if at least one member of the Committee does not have recent and relevant financial experience.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Remuneration Committee</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 33.5pt 0pt 0.5in"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">This
committee is responsible for determining the policy and setting remuneration levels for executive and non-executive directors. The committee
should ensure that directors&rsquo; remuneration is aligned with strategy and company performance. Remuneration policy should be cognisant
of the company&rsquo;s licence to operate and the potential overall level of remuneration. We expect remuneration committees to be robust
in their approach to developing and implementing remuneration policies, with formal and transparent procedures for developing policies
and for determining remuneration packages. Remuneration committees should be comprised of a majority of independent directors with an
independent Chair and we expect members to have appropriate experience and knowledge of the business and remuneration practices in the
jurisdiction in which they operate. No executive should be involved in setting their own remuneration.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 74pt 0pt 1in">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Where we have significant concerns regarding
the company&rsquo;s remuneration policy or reward outcomes we may escalate these concerns through a vote against the Chair or members
of the Remuneration Committee.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 74pt 0pt 1in">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Director Accountability</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">We expect to be able to hold boards to account through
engagement and regular director re-elections and directors should feel that they are accountable to investors. We encourage individual,
rather than bundled, director elections. While our preference is for directors to be subject to re- election annually, we expect re-elections
to take place at least every three years. Lengthier board mandates, while not uncommon in some markets, risk divorcing directors from
an appropriate sense of accountability. Directors and management should make themselves available for discussions with major shareholders
as we expect to have open dialogue to share our perspectives and gain confidence that the individuals are carrying out their roles with
appropriate vigour and diligence. A further important element of director accountability to shareholders is that investors should have
the right, both formal and informal, to propose and promote individual directors to be considered for election to the board by all shareholders.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 74pt 0pt 1in">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">We will generally oppose the re-election of non-independent
NEDs who are proposed for a term exceeding three years. We may not apply this to directors who are shareholder representatives.</FONT></TD></TR><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
                                                                                                                                                </TABLE>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Where we have significant concerns regarding
a board member&rsquo;s performance, actions or inaction to address issues raised we may vote against their re-election.</FONT></TD></TR><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
                                                                                                                                        </TABLE>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">We
may vote against directors who decline appropriate requests for meetings without a clear justification.</FONT></TD></TR><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
                                                                                                                        </TABLE>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Where a director has held a position of responsibility
at a company which has suffered a material governance failure, we will consider whether we are comfortable to support their re-election
at other listed companies.</FONT></TD></TR><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
                                           </TABLE>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">We will generally support resolutions to discharge
the supervisory board or management board members from legal liability unless we have serious concerns regarding actions taken during
the year under review. Where there is insufficient information regarding allegations of misconduct, we may prefer to abstain. In exceptional
circumstances we may vote against the discharge resolution to reflect serious ESG concerns if there is not another appropriate resolution.</FONT></TD></TR><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
                                                                                                                                                           </TABLE>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">We will not support the election of directors
who are not personally identified but are proposed as corporations.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 74pt 0pt 1in">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Reporting</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">A company&rsquo;s board should present a
fair, balanced and understandable assessment of the company&rsquo;s position and prospects &ndash; financial and non- financial
 &ndash; and of how it has fulfilled its responsibilities. We support the principle of full disclosure of relevant and useful
information, subject to issues of commercial confidentiality and prejudice. Boilerplate disclosure should be avoided. We encourage
companies to consider using the appropriate globally developed standards and would particularly encourage the use of those created
by the Taskforce for Climate related Financial Disclosures (TCFD), the International Integrated Reporting Council (IIRC), the
Sustainability Accounting Standards Board (SASB) and the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI).</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">Audited reporting and financial numbers should be published
ahead of any relevant shareholder meetings. We continue to monitor the evolving reporting landscape and consider new reporting developments
as they emerge, either voluntary or regulatory.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 74pt 0pt 1in">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">We may consider voting against a company&rsquo;s
Annual Report &amp; Accounts if we have concerns regarding timely provision or adequacy of disclosure.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Political Donations &amp; Lobbying</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">Companies should be consistent in their public statements
and not undermine these in private commentary to market participants or to politicians and regulators. We welcome transparency from companies
about their lobbying activities and believe that good companies have nothing to hide in this respect. Similarly we encourage transparency
of any political donations that companies deem appropriate &ndash; and we expect a clear explanation of why such donations are an appropriate
use of corporate funds.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Risk &amp; Audit</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">The board is responsible for determining the company&rsquo;s
risk appetite, establishing procedures to manage risk and for monitoring the company&rsquo;s internal controls. We expect boards to conduct
robust assessments of the company&rsquo;s material risks and report to shareholders on risks, controls and effectiveness. The introduction
of widely accepted global accounting standards has led to much greater investor confidence in the accounts produced by companies around
the world. It has also assisted in creating consistency of reporting across companies, enabling fairer comparisons between different operating
businesses. We therefore encourage companies seeking international investment to report under International Financial Reporting Standards
(IFRS) or US GAAP. As a firm Aberdeen supports the continued development of high quality global accounting standards.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">An independent audit, delivered by a respected audit firm,
is a required element for investor confidence in reporting by companies. We strongly favour meaningful, transparent and informative auditor
reports, giving us additional insights into the audit process and accounting outcomes. Audit fees must be sufficient to pay for an appropriately
in-depth assurance process. We would be concerned if a company sought to make unjustified savings in this respect as the cost in terms
of damage to audit effectiveness and confidence in the company&rsquo;s accounts would be much more substantial.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">The independence of the auditor and the standard of their
work, particularly in challenging management, should be subject to regular assessment that is appropriately disclosed. Even when individuals
carrying out the audit are refreshed, we believe that the independence of the audit firm erodes over time and we will encourage a tender
process and change of audit firm where an engagement has lasted for an extended period. In order to demonstrate the level of independence,
companies should not have the same audit firm in place for more than 20 years.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">The relationship with the auditor should be mediated through
the Audit Committee. Where we are significant shareholders, we expect to be consulted on plans to tender and replace auditors.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 74pt 0pt 1in">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">We will generally vote against the re-election
of an auditor which has a tenure of 20 years or over, if there are no plans for rotation in the near term.</FONT></TD></TR><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
                                                                                                                           </TABLE>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">We will consider voting against the auditors
if we have concerns regarding the accounts presented or the audit procedures used.</FONT></TD></TR><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
                                                                                                   </TABLE>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">We will vote against the approval of auditor
fees if we have concerns regarding the level of fees or the balance of non-audit and audit fees.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 74pt 0pt 1in">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Executive Remuneration</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">Executive Remuneration policies and the overall levels
of pay should be aligned with strategy, attracting and retaining talent and incentivising the decisions and behaviours needed to create
long-term value. The component parts of remuneration should be structured so as to link rewards to corporate and individual performance
and they should be considered in the context of the remuneration policies when taken as a whole. We recognise the benefits of simplicity
in forming the policy, which should clearly link outcomes and expectations for those receiving the remuneration, as well as external stakeholders.
The structure should be transparent and understandable.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">A company&rsquo;s annual report should contain an informative
statement of remuneration policy which communicates clearly to stakeholders how it has developed and evolved. This should include details
of any stress testing that may have been undertaken to understand the policy outcomes for different business scenarios. The Remuneration
Committee should provide a clear description of the application of policy and the outcomes achieved.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">Executive
Directors&rsquo; base salary should be set at a level appropriate for the role and responsibility of the executive. We discourage increases
which are driven solely by peer benchmarking, and expect increases to be aligned with the wider workforce. Consideration should also be
given to the knock-on impact to variable remuneration potential. Pension arrangements and benefits should be clearly disclosed. We generally
expect pension structures to be aligned with the wider workforce.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">A company should structure variable, performance-related
pay to incentivise and reward management in a manner that is aligned with the company&rsquo;s sustainable performance and risk appetite
over the long term.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">We expect all variable pay to be capped, preferably as
a multiple of base salary. In the UK we expect variable pay to be capped as a multiple of base salary. In other markets, if variable pay
is capped at a number of shares, we expect the value of grants to be kept under review annually to ensure the value remains appropriate
and is not excessive.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">Performance metrics used to determine variable pay should
be clearly disclosed and aligned with the company&rsquo;s strategy. A significant portion of performance metrics should seek to measure
significant improvements in, or resilience with regard to, the underlying financial performance of the company. We also encourage the
inclusion of non-financial metrics linked to targets which are aligned with the company&rsquo;s progress inter alia on its sustainability
strategy. Where possible we expect these targets to be quantifiable and disclosed.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">Variable
pay arrangements should over the long term incentivise participants to achieve above-average performance through the use of challenging
targets. We encourage sliding-scale performance measures and expect performance target ranges to be disclosed to enable shareholders to
assess the level of challenge and pay for performance alignment. We expect annual bonus targets to be disclosed retrospectively and encourage
the disclosure of long term incentive (LTI) targets at the beginning of the performance period, but at minimum we expect retrospective
disclosure. Where bonus or LTI targets are not disclosed due to commercial sensitivity we expect an explanation of why the targets continue
to be considered sensitive retrospectively and expect some detail regarding the level of achievement vs target.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">Where a share price metric is being used, we expect this
to be underpinned by a challenging measure of underlying performance.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">We encourage settlement of a portion of the annual bonus
in shares which are deferred for at least one year. We expect settlement of long term incentives to be in shares, with rationale provided
for any awards settled in cash. Long term incentives should have a performance period of no less than three years. In the UK we expect
a further holding period of two years to be applied, and we encourage this in other markets.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">We do not generally support value creation plans. We will
consider supporting the use of restricted share plans (RSP) in the UK which have been structured consistent with the guidelines of the
Investment Association. We will consider restricted share plans either individually or as part of a hybrid scheme. Any restricted share
scheme would be expected to be issued at a significant quantum discount to conventional LTIP plans. The board would be expected to justify
why the introduction of these plans is in the best interest of shareholders. We expect appropriate malus and clawback provisions to be
applied to variable remuneration plans.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">We expect shareholding guidelines to be adopted for executive
directors and encourage the adoption of post-departure shareholding guidelines.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">We expect details of any use of discretion to be disclosed
and its use should be justifiable, appropriate and clearly explained. We would expect policies to be sufficiently robust so that discretion
is only necessary in exceptional circumstances. We do not generally support exceptional awards, and are particularly sensitive to such
awards being granted to reward a corporate transaction.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">We expect executive service contracts to provide for a
maximum notice period of 12 months. We will consider local best practice provisions related to severance arrangements when voting.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">Non-executive fees should reflect the role&rsquo;s level
of responsibility and time commitment. We do not support NED&rsquo;s participation in option or performance-related arrangements. However
we do support the payment of fees in shares, particularly where conservation of cash is an issue.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">In the UK our expectations of companies are aligned with
the Investment Association&rsquo;s Principles of Remuneration.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">Where significant changes to remuneration arrangements
are being considered, we would expect remuneration committees to consult with their largest shareholders prior to finalising any changes.
Where any increase to variable remuneration is proposed, we would expect this to be accompanied by a demonstrable increase in the stretch
of the targets. Furthermore we expect any increases to remuneration to be subject to shareholder approval.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">In response to the issues arising from the cost of living
crisis being experienced by many people in the UK, we expect companies to focus additional capacity towards those members of the workforce
who need it most. We expect Remuneration Committees to take into account factors arising from the cost of living crisis when deliberating
over executive pay outcomes. We would be concerned by reputational issues arising from decisions made in these unusual circumstances and
may make this a factor in our voting decisions at relevant AGMs.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In line with the expectations set out above we will generally
vote against the appropriate resolution(s) where:</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 74pt 0pt 1in">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">We consider the overall reward potential or outcome
to be excessive.</FONT></TD></TR><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
                                 </TABLE>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">A significant increase to salary has been granted
which is not aligned with the workforce or is not sufficiently justified.</FONT></TD></TR><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
                                                                                          </TABLE>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">A significant increase to performance-related
pay has been granted which is not sufficiently justified, is not accompanied by an increase in the level of stretch required for achievement
or results in the potential for excessive reward.</FONT></TD></TR><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
                                                                  </TABLE>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">There is no appropriate cap on variable incentive
schemes.</FONT></TD></TR><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
                         </TABLE>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Performance targets for annual bonus awards are
not disclosed retrospectively and the absence of disclosure is not explained.</FONT></TD></TR><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
                                                                                              </TABLE>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Performance targets for long term incentive awards
are not disclosed up front and there is no compelling explanation regarding the absence of disclosure or a commitment to disclose retrospectively.</FONT></TD></TR><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
                                                                                                                                                                   </TABLE>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Performance targets are not considered sufficiently
challenging, either at threshold, target or maximum.</FONT></TD></TR><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
                                                                     </TABLE>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Relative performance targets allow vesting of
awards for below median performance. Retesting provisions apply.</FONT></TD></TR><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
                                                                                  </TABLE>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Incentives that have been conditionally awarded
have been repriced or performance conditions changed part way through a performance period.</FONT></TD></TR><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
                                                                                                            </TABLE>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">We have concerns regarding the use of discretion
or the grant of exceptional awards.</FONT></TD></TR><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
                                                    </TABLE>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Pension arrangements are excessive. Pension
arrangements are not aligned with the wider workforce (UK).</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 74pt 0pt 1in">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Investor Rights</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">The interests of minority shareholders must be protected
and any major, or majority, investor should not enjoy preferential treatment. The structure of ownership or control should minimise the
potential for abuse of public shareholders.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Corporate Transactions</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">Companies should not make significant changes to their
structure or nature without being fully transparent to their investors. Shareholders should have the opportunity to vote on significant
corporate activity, such as mergers and acquisitions. Where a transaction is with a related party, only independent shareholders should
have a vote. Even in markets where no vote is given to shareholders in these circumstances, investors need transparent disclosure of the
reasons for any such major change. Companies should expect that shareholders may want to discuss and debate proposed developments</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">Diversification beyond the core skills of the business
needs to be justified as it is more often than not a distraction from operational performance. All major deals need to be clearly explained
and justified in the context of the pre-existing strategy and be subject to shareholder approval.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 74pt 0pt 1in">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">We will vote on corporate transactions on a case
by case basis.</FONT></TD></TR><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
                               </TABLE>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">In markets where no vote is required on significant
transactions, we may take voting action at a future general meeting if we have concerns regarding the transaction undertaken.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 74pt 0pt 1in">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: 0.75in; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Dividends</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: 0.75in; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">We will generally support the payment of dividends but will
scrutinise the proposed level where it appears excessive given the company&rsquo;s financial position.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: 0.75in; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Share Capital</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: 0.75in; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">The board carries responsibility for prudent capital management
and allocation.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 74pt 0pt 1in">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: 0.75in; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Share Issuance</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: 0.75in; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">We will consider capital raises which are proposed for a
specific purpose on a case by case basis but recognise that it can be beneficial for companies to have some general flexibility to issue
shares to raise capital. However we expect issuances to be limited to the needs of the business and companies should not issue significant
portions of shares unless offering these on a pro-rata basis to existing shareholders to protect against inappropriate dilution of investments.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 74pt 0pt 1in">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Where a company seeks a general authority to
issue shares we generally expect this to be limited to 25% of the company&rsquo;s share capital for pre- emptive issuances. In the UK
we are aligned with the guidance of the Investment Association Share Capital Management Guidelines. There is no global standard on pre-emptive
issuance limits, and in the rest of the world we use 25% as a benchmark limit.</FONT></TD></TR><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
                                                                                               </TABLE>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Where a company seeks a general authority to
issue shares we generally expect this to be limited to 10% of the company&rsquo;s share capital for non- pre-emptive issuances. In the
UK we are aligned with the guidance of the Investment Association Share Capital Management Guidelines and those of the Pre-Emption Group.</FONT></TD></TR><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
                                                                                                                                                          </TABLE>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">We will not generally support share issuance
by investment trusts unless there is a commitment that shares would only be issued at a price at or above net asset value.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 74pt 0pt 1in">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">When considering our votes we will, however, take account
of the company&rsquo;s circumstances and any further detail regarding proposed capital issuance authorities prior to voting.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">Following changes to the UK&rsquo;s Pre-Emption Group
Guidelines in November 2022, which reflect an increase on previous limits, we will hold the Chair of the company accountable for any perceived
misuse of the increased flexibility through a vote against their re-election.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Buyback</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">We recognise that share buybacks can be a flexible means
of returning cash to shareholders.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 74pt 0pt 1in">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">We will generally support buyback authorities
of up to 10% of the issued share capital. In the UK we will generally support authorities which are in line with the levels permitted
under the Listing Rules.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 74pt 0pt 1in">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Related Party Transactions</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">The nature of relations &ndash; particularly any related
party transactions (RPTs) &ndash; with parent or related companies, or other major investors, must be disclosed fully. Related party transactions
must be agreed on arm&rsquo;s length terms and be made fully transparent. Where they are material, they should be subject to the approval
of independent shareholders.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 74pt 0pt 1in">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Where we are given a vote, we will vote against
RPTs where there is insufficient transparency of the nature of the transaction, the rationale, the terms or the views and assessment of
directors and advisors.</FONT></TD></TR><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
                                        </TABLE>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">In markets where no vote is required on RPTs,
we may take voting action at a future general meeting if we have concerns regarding the transaction undertaken</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 74pt 0pt 1in">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Article/Bylaw Amendments</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">While it is standard to see proposals from companies to
amend their articles of association or bylaws, we will review these on a case by case basis. When doing so we expect full transparency
of the proposed changes to be disclosed.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 74pt 0pt 1in">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">We will generally vote against amendments which
will reduce shareholder rights.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 74pt 0pt 1in">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Anti-Takeover Defences</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">There should be no artificial structures put in place
to entrench management and protect companies from takeover. The best defence from hostile takeover is strong operational delivery.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 74pt 0pt 1in">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">We will generally vote against anti-takeover/&lsquo;poison
pill&rsquo; proposals.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>Voting Rights</B></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">We are supporters of the principle of &lsquo;one share,
one vote&rsquo; and therefore favour equal voting rights for all shareholders. Where multiple voting rights are implemented at the point
of listing, we expect an appropriate sunset clause to apply (ideally with a maximum of 7 years, in line with common market practice).</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 74pt 0pt 1in">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">We will generally vote against proposals which
seek to introduce or continue capital structures with multiple voting rights, unless there is an exceptional justification and also a
suitable sunset clause in place.</FONT></TD></TR><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
                                                 </TABLE>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">We will consider voting against proposals to
raise new capital at companies if we have concerns regarding the use of with multiple share classes and voting rights.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 74pt 0pt 1in">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">General Meetings</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">Shareholder meetings provide an important
opportunity to hold boards to account not only through voting on the proposed resolutions but also by enabling investors the opportunity
to raise questions, express views and emphasise concerns to the entire board. We may make a statement at a company&rsquo;s AGM as a means
of escalation to reinforce our views to a company&rsquo;s board.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">We welcome the opportunity to attend meetings virtually,
being of the view that this can increase participation given obstacles such as location or meeting concentration. However we are not supportive
of companies adopting virtual-only meetings as we believe this format reduces accountability. Our preference is for a hybrid meeting format
to balance the flexibility of remote attendance with the accountability of an in-person meeting.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 74pt 0pt 1in">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">We will generally support resolutions seeking
approval to shorten the EGM notice period to minimum 14 days, unless we have concerns regarding previous inappropriate use of this flexibility.</FONT></TD></TR><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
                                                                                                                                                                </TABLE>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">We will generally support proposals to enable
virtual meetings to take place as long as there is confirmation that the format will be hybrid, with physical meetings continuing to take
place (unless prohibited by law). We expect virtual attendees to have the same rights to speak and raise questions as those attending
in-person. We will generally vote against proposals which permit wholly virtual general meetings.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 74pt 0pt 1in">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><B>Sustainability </B></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 74pt 0pt 1in">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">As part of strategic planning, boards need to have
oversight of, and clearly articulate, the key opportunities and risks affecting the sustainability of the business model. This includes
having a process for, and transparent disclosure of, potential and emerging opportunities and risks and the actions being taken to address
them.</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">The effective management of risks extends to long-term
issues that are hard to measure and whose timeframe is uncertain and will include the management of environmental and social issues. We
use the UN Global Compact&rsquo;s four areas of focus in assessing how companies are performing in this area.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Specifically we expect companies to be able to demonstrate
how they manage their exposures under the following headings.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">The Environment</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">It is generally accepted that companies are responsible
for the effects of their operations and products on the environment. The steps they take to assess and reduce those impacts can lead to
cost savings and reduce potential reputational damage. Companies are held responsible for their impact on the climate and they face increased
regulation from world governments on activities that contribute to climate change.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">We expect that companies will</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 74pt 0pt 1in">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Identify, manage and reduce their environmental
impacts, as applicable.</FONT></TD></TR><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
                                        </TABLE>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Understand their impact along the company value
chain.</FONT></TD></TR><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
                       </TABLE>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Develop group-level climate policies commensurate
to their business and, where relevant, set targets to manage the impact, report on policies, practices and actions taken to reduce carbon
and other environmental risks within their operations.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"></P>


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<P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Comply with all environmental laws and regulations,
or recognised international best practice as a minimum.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 74pt 0pt 1in">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">Where we have serious concerns regarding a board&rsquo;s
actions, or inaction, in relation to the environment we will consider taking voting action on an appropriate resolution.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">We will use the indicators within the Carbon Disclosure
Project to identify companies which are not fulfilling their climate commitments. Where appropriate we will take voting action to encourage
better practice among companies which we deem to be laggards.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Labour and Employment</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">Companies that respect internationally recognised labour
rights and provide safe and healthy working environments for employees are likely to reap the benefits. This approach is likely to foster
a more committed and productive workforce, and help reduce damage to reputation and a company&rsquo;s license to operate. We expect companies
to comply with all employment laws and regulations and adopt practices in line with the International Labour Organization&rsquo;s core
labour standards as a minimum.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In particular, companies will:</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 74pt 0pt 1in">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Take affirmative steps to ensure that they uphold
decent labour standards.</FONT></TD></TR><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
                                         </TABLE>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Adopt strong health and safety policies and programmes
to implement such policies.</FONT></TD></TR><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
                                            </TABLE>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Adopt equal employment opportunity and diversity
policies and a programme for ensuring compliance with such policies.</FONT></TD></TR><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
                                                                                     </TABLE>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Adopt policies and programmes for investing in
employee training and development.</FONT></TD></TR><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
                                                   </TABLE>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Adopt initiatives to attract and retain talented
employees, foster higher productivity and quality, and encourage in their workforce a commitment to achieving the company&rsquo;s purpose.</FONT></TD></TR><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
                                                                                                                                                           </TABLE>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Ensure policies are in place for a company&rsquo;s
suppliers that promote decent labour standards, and programmes are in place to ensure high standards of labour along supply chains.</FONT></TD></TR><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
                                                                                                                                                    </TABLE>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Report regularly on its policy and implementation
of managing human capital.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 74pt 0pt 1in">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">Where we have serious concerns regarding a board&rsquo;s
actions, or inaction, in relation to labour and employment we will consider taking voting action on an appropriate resolution.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Human Rights</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">We recognise the impact that human-rights issues can have
on our investments and the role we can play in stimulating progress. We draw upon a number of international, legal and voluntary agreements
for guidance on human-rights responsibilities and compliance. Our primary sources are the International Bill of Rights and the core conventions
of the International Labour Organisation (ILO), which form the list of internationally agreed human rights, and the UN Guiding Principles
on Business and Human Rights (UNGPs), which clarifies the roles of states and businesses. We encourage companies to use the UNGPs Reporting
Framework and encourage disclosure in line with this guidance.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">We expect companies to:</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 74pt 0pt 1in">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Continually work to understand their actual and
potential impacts on human rights.</FONT></TD></TR><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
                                                   </TABLE>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Establish systems that actively ensure respect
for human rights.</FONT></TD></TR><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
                                  </TABLE>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Take appropriate action to remedy any infringements
on human rights.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 74pt 0pt 1in">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">Where we have serious concerns regarding a board&rsquo;s
actions, or inaction, in relation to human rights we will consider taking voting action on an appropriate resolution.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Business Ethics</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">As institutions of wealth and influence, companies have
a significant impact on the prosperity of their local communities and the wider world. Having a robust code of ethics and ensuring professional
conduct mean companies operate more effectively, particularly when it comes to ethical principles governing decision- making. A company&rsquo;s
failure to conform to internationally recognised standards of business ethics on matters such as bribery and corruption, can increase
its risk of facing investigation, litigation and fines. This could undermine its license to operate, and affect its reputation and image.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">We expect companies to have policies in place to support
the following:</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 74pt 0pt 1in">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Ethics at the heart of the organisation&rsquo;s
governance.</FONT></TD></TR><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
                            </TABLE>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">A zero-tolerance policy on bribery and corruption.
How people are rewarded, as pay can influence behaviour.</FONT></TD></TR><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
                                                                         </TABLE>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Respect for human rights.</FONT></TD></TR><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
                                                                                                                                                                           </TABLE>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Tax transparency.</FONT></TD></TR><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
                                                                                                                                                                   </TABLE>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Ethical training for employees.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 74pt 0pt 1in; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">Where we have serious concerns regarding a board&rsquo;s
actions, or inaction, related to business ethics we will consider taking voting action on an appropriate resolution.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Environmental &amp; Social Resolutions</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">We will review any resolution at company meetings
we have identified as covering environmental and social factors. The following will detail our overarching approach and expectations.</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">Our approach to vote analysis is consistent across active
and quantitative investment strategies <B>Review </B>the resolution, proponent and board statements, existing disclosures, and external
research. <B>Engage </B>with the company, proponents, and other stakeholders as required.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left"><B>Involve</B> thematic experts, investment analysts and
other specialists, as needed, in our in decision-making to harness a wide range of expertise and address material factors in our analysis.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>Ensure</B> consistency by using our own in-house guidance
to frame case-by-case analysis.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>Monitor</B> the outcomes of votes.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>Follow-up</B> with on-going engagement as required.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">Given the nature of the topics covered by these resolutions
we do not apply binary voting policies. We adopt a nuanced approach to our voting research and outcomes and will consider the specific
circumstances of the company concerned. Our objective is to determine the best outcome for the company in the context of the best outcome
for our clients. There may be instances where we welcome the spirit of a resolution, but other factors preclude our support for the proposal.
For example, where the wording is overly prescriptive or ambiguous, when suggested implementation is overly burdensome or where the proposal
strays too close to the board&rsquo;s responsibility for setting the company&rsquo;s strategy.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Management Proposals</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">We
are supportive of the steps being taken by companies to provide transparent, detailed reporting of their sustainability strategies and
targets. While shareholder proposals on environmental and social topics have been common on AGM agendas for several years, an increasing
number of companies are presenting management proposals, such as so called &lsquo;say on climate&rsquo; votes, for shareholder approval.
While we welcome the intention of accountability behind these votes, we have reservations about the potential for them to limit the scope
for subsequent investor challenge, increase a company&rsquo;s exposure to litigation, and diminish the direct responsibility and accountability
of the board and individual directors. We believe it is the role of the board and the executive to develop and apply strategy, including
sustainability strategies, and we will continue to use existing voting items to hold boards to account on the implementation of these
strategies. As active investors we also regularly engage with investee companies on sustainability topics and find this dialogue to be
the best opportunity to provide feedback.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">We will review the appropriateness of &lsquo;say on climate&rsquo;
votes and consider if other voting mechanisms should be applied to ensure both boards and executives apply appropriate rigour to the oversight
and delivery of a company&rsquo;s climate approach.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Shareholder Proposals</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">The vast majority of resolutions focused on environmental
and social issues are filed by shareholders. The following provides an overview of some of the factors we consider when assessing the
most prevalent themes for shareholder proposals.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Climate</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">We do not evaluate a company&rsquo;s climate strategy
in isolation. Our approach recognises the links between corporate governance, strategy and climate approach. Where a company&rsquo;s operational
response to climate change has significant shortcomings, the effectiveness of board oversight and corporate governance may also be called
into question.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">We use a range of mechanisms to evaluate whether companies
appear to be fulfilling their climate commitments. Through engagement and voting we seek to work with companies, in the context of their
local market and sector, to encourage robust methodologies underpinned by targets and, where required, improved reporting and disclosure
in alignment with the TCFD framework. We also encourage companies to carefully manage climate-related lobbying. Ensuring appropriate oversight
and disclosure of direct and indirect lobbying activities can help companies reduce the risk of misalignment with corporate strategy.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">The Taskforce on Nature-related Financial Disclosure (TNFD)
was established to develop and deliver a risk management and disclosure framework. While it is not currently mandatory, the TNFD framework
is likely to become the default standard for disclosure of naturebased risks. Aberdeen is supportive of TNFD and will generally support
proposals asking for companies to report in line with it, taking into consideration best practice for the local market and sector. In
addition, we encourage companies to consider their disclosure and reporting on natural capital as we believe better disclosure can support
our analysis of financially material nature-related risks and opportunities.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>Nature and Biodiversity</B></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">For investors, the risks and opportunities associated
with the use of natural capital (the world&rsquo;s natural resources, which underpin our economy and society) are becoming increasingly
financially material. However, company reporting on these issues, and how they are managed, has historically been poor and difficult to
compare.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">We have seen an increase in resolutions concerning biodiversity
and nature in recent years. The focus of these resolutions has varied; however, the main themes are evaluation of scenarios for plastic
demand and associated financial implications, waste and the circular economy, and increased disclosure of environmental policies.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>Artificial Intelligence</B></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">As Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies quickly evolve,
Aberdeen&rsquo;s objective is to work with the companies in which we invest to encourage a future where AI delivers sustainable benefits
for shareholders and other stakeholders. Heightened investor scrutiny of AI practices has become evident in shareholder resolutions filed
at the annual meetings of companies - from technology giants to entertainment businesses.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">Resolutions typically request a report on the use of AI
and any ethical guidelines adopted by companies, enhanced disclosure regarding board oversight, or further information about the mitigation
of AI-generated misinformation. Our voting approach builds upon the principles that we believe will support positive and sustainable outcomes
for our investee companies. We encourage companies to focus on implementing robust governance and oversight, clear ethical guidelines,
appropriate due diligence, and sufficient transparency. Where AI is likely to have significant impact on operations and labour relations,
we believe it is prudent for companies to demonstrate a responsible approach at the earliest opportunity. Collaborating with the workforce
can enable companies to mitigate negative outcomes and avoid costly disruption to labour relations. As technology develops, we believe
these issues will remain crucial to the responsible development and use of AI.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 74pt 0pt 1in">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Human Rights</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">Aberdeen believes that poor oversight of human rights
can have a material impact on long-term value creation and cause avoidable harm. Resolutions concerning human rights are filed with companies
operating in a broad range of sectors and focus on operations and supply chains in regions with a poor record of protecting human rights.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">As a supporter of the UN Guiding Principles on Business
and Human Rights, we expect companies to demonstrate how human rights due diligence is conducted across operations, services, product
use and the supply chain. Companies can have a significant impact on human rights directly through operations and provision of services,
and indirectly through product use and the supply chain. When analysing a company&rsquo;s approach to human rights, we will assess its
existing policies to decide if voting action would enhance its approach and benefit the company and shareholders. Where we believe sufficient
disclosure and due diligence are already in place, we may vote against a proposal to avoid unnecessary and unduly burdensome reporting.
We are usually not supportive of resolutions that seek to dictate where and to whom companies can sell products and services or other
resolutions which may be considered unduly prescriptive.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Political Disclosure</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">Corporate lobbying and political contributions disclosure
continues to be a recurrent theme of shareholder resolutions, particularly in the US. These proposals typically encompass direct lobbying
undertaken by the company and indirect lobbying undertaken by trade associations and other organisations of which it is a member or supporter.
Proposals may also request the disclosure of more information regarding the process and rationale for political contributions. We expect
companies to make transparent, consolidated disclosures of direct and indirect lobbying and political expenditure. We have seen progress
in this area and will carefully consider whether additional disclosure is in the interest of the company and its shareholders.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Diversity, Equity &amp; Inclusion</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">Diversity, Equity &amp; Inclusion (DEI) is a major theme
for shareholder resolutions. In recent years resolutions have focused on pay gap reporting, racial equity audits, disclosure of DEI metrics
and assessments of the efficacy of DEI programmes.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">We are generally supportive of shareholder proposals for
disclosure of standardised DEI metrics and pay gap reporting. Such disclosures can support assessments of how companies are addressing
opportunity and inclusion. We will, however, consider whether companies are allowed sufficient discretion to report on pay gaps in a way
that adequately reflects the demographic and legal variations between jurisdictions.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">A racial equity or civil rights audit is an independent
analysis of a company&rsquo;s business practices designed to identify aspects that may have a discriminatory effect. In applicable geographies,
we tend to support racial equity and civil rights audits in relation to internal and external DEI programmes where there could be an elevated
risk of discrimination. Resolutions should allow companies to carry out audits at a reasonable cost and within a reasonable timeframe.
We carefully consider a company&rsquo;s existing disclosure to ensure that proposals requesting these audits are not duplicative, prescriptive,
or unduly onerous.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">Important Information</P>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">This document is strictly for information purposes only
and should not be considered as an offer, investment recommendation, or solicitation, to deal in any of the investments or funds mentioned
herein and does not constitute investment research. Aberdeen does not warrant the accuracy, adequacy or completeness of the information
and materials contained in this document and expressly disclaims liability for errors or omissions in such information and materials.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">Any research or analysis used in the preparation of this
document has been procured by Aberdeen for its own use and may have been acted on for its own purpose. The results thus obtained are made
available only coincidentally and the information is not guaranteed as to its accuracy. Some of the information in this document may contain
projections or other forward looking statements regarding future events or future financial performance of countries, markets or companies.
These statements are only predictions and actual events or results may differ materially. The reader must make their own assessment of
the relevance, accuracy and adequacy of the information contained in this document and make such independent investigations, as they may
consider necessary or appropriate for the purpose of such assessment. This material serves to provide general information and is not meant
to be investment, legal or tax advice for any particular investor. No warranty whatsoever is given and no liability whatsoever is accepted
for any loss arising whether directly or indirectly as a result of the reader, any person or group of persons acting on any information,
opinion or estimate contained in this document. Aberdeen reserves the right to make changes and corrections to any information in this
document at any time, without notice. This material is not to be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written consent of Aberdeen
.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">Applying ESG and sustainability criteria in the investment
process may result in the exclusion of securities within the universe of potential investments. The interpretation of ESG and sustainability
criteria is subjective meaning that products may invest in companies which similar products do not (and thus perform differently) and
which do not align with the personal views of any individual investor. Furthermore, the lack of common or harmonized definitions and labels
regarding ESG and sustainability criteria may result in different approaches by managers when integrating ESG and sustainability criteria
into investment decisions. This means that it may be difficult to compare strategies within ostensibly similar objectives and that these
strategies will employ different security selection and exclusion criteria. Consequently, the performance profile of otherwise similar
vehicles may deviate more substantially than might otherwise be expected. Additionally, in the absence of common or harmonized definitions
and labels, a degree of subjectivity is required and this will mean that a product may invest in a security that another manager or an
investor would not.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Aberdeen Group plc is registered in Scotland (SC286832)
at 1 George Street, Edinburgh EH2 2LL.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>


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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-99.19(D)
<SEQUENCE>6
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<DESCRIPTION>EXHIBIT 99.19(D)
<TEXT>
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<BODY STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><!-- BannerFile="tm262592d1_ex99-19xd.htm"   BannerFilePath="/apps/files/files/jms2files/gofiler/tm262592-1/tm262592-1_ncsrseq1/users" -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="margin: 0; text-align: right"><B>Exhibit&#8239;99.19(d)</B></P>


<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>U.S. Registered
Advisers <BR>
Summary of Proxy Voting Guidelines<BR>
 <I>as of October</I></B></FONT><B><I>&nbsp;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">26,
2022</FONT></I></B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Where clients appoint abrdn Inc. to vote proxies on their
behalf, policies have been established to vote these proxies in the best interests of our clients.</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">We employ
ISS as a service provider to facilitate electronic voting. We require ISS to provide recommendations based on our own set of parameters
tailored to abrdn</FONT>&rsquo;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">s assessment and approach, but remain conscious
that all voting decisions are our own on behalf of our clients. We consider ISS</FONT>&rsquo;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">s
recommendations and those based on our custom parameters as input to our voting decisions. We make use of the ISS standard research and
recommendations and those based on our own custom policy as input to our voting decisions. Where our analysts make a voting decision that
is different from the recommendations based on our custom policy they will provide a rationale for such a decisions which will be made
publicly available in our voting disclosures.</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">In order to make proxy voting decisions, an abrdn analyst assesses
the resolutions at general meetings in our active investment portfolios. This analysis will be based on our knowledge of the company,
but will also make use of the custom and standard recommendations provided by ISS as described above. The product of this analysis will
be a final voting decision instructed through ISS and applied to all funds for which abrdn have been appointed to vote. For funds managed
by a sub-adviser, we may delegate to the sub-adviser the authority to vote proxies; however, the sub-adviser will be required to either
follow our policies and procedures or to demonstrate that their policies and procedures are consistent with ours, or otherwise implemented
in the best interest of clients.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">There may
be certain circumstances where abrdn Inc. may take a more limited role in voting proxies. We will not vote proxies for client accounts
in which the client contract specifies that abrdn Inc. will not vote. We may abstain from voting a client proxy if the voting is uneconomic
or otherwise not in clients</FONT>&rsquo; <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">best interests. For companies held
only in passively managed portfolios, abrdn Inc. custom recommendations provided by ISS will be used to automatically apply our voting
approach; we have scope to intervene to test that this delivers appropriate results, and will on occasions intrude to apply a vote more
fully in clients</FONT>&rsquo; <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">best interests. If voting securities are part
of a securities lending program, we may be unable to vote while the securities are on loan. However, we have the ability to recall shares
on loan or to restrict lending when required, in order to ensure all shares have voted. In addition, certain jurisdictions may impose
share-blocking restrictions at various times which may prevent abrdn Inc. from exercising our voting authority.</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">We recognize that there may be situations in which we vote at a company
meeting where we encounter a conflict of interest. Such situations include:</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0%"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Where a portfolio manager owns the holding in a personal
account.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">An investee company that is also a segregated client.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">An investee company where an Executive Director or Officer
of our company or that of abrdn plc or another affiliate is also a Director of that company.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">An investee company where an employee of abrdn plc or an
affiliate or subsidiary is a Director of that company.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A significant distributor of our products.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Any other companies which may be relevant from time to time.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">We have adopted
procedures within our proxy voting process to identify where a conflict exists. These procedures are designed to ensure that our voting
decisions are based on our client</FONT>&rsquo;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">s best interests and are not impacted
by any conflict.</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The implementation
of this policy, along with conflicts of interest, will be reviewed periodically by the Active Ownership team. abrdn</FONT>&rsquo;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">s
Global ESG Principles</FONT>&nbsp;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&amp; Voting Policies are published on our
website.</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Clients may
obtain a free copy of abrdn Inc.</FONT>&rsquo;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">s proxy voting policies and procedures
and/or proxy voting records for their account by contacting us at (215) 405-5700. abrdn publishes ESG Principles</FONT>&nbsp;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&amp;
Voting Policies, which describe our approach to investment analysis, shareholder engagement and proxy voting across companies worldwide.
There are published on our website.</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Clients that have not granted abrdn Inc. voting authority over securities
held in their accounts will receive their proxies in accordance with the arrangements they have made with their service providers.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>Listed
Company ESG Principles</B></FONT><B>&nbsp;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&amp; Voting Policies</FONT></B></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></B></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">February</FONT></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2023</FONT></FONT></B><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Introduction</FONT></FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Active Ownership and Environmental, Social</FONT>&nbsp;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&amp; Governance
(ESG) considerations are a driver of our investment process, our investment activity, our client journey and our corporate influence.</FONT></FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Through engagement
with the companies in which we invest, and by exercising votes on behalf of our clients, we seek to improve the financial resilience and
performance of our clients</FONT>&rsquo; <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">investments. Where we believe change
is needed, we endeavour to catalyse this through our stewardship capabilities.</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>Our expectations</B></FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">As global investors, we are particularly aware that ESG structures and frameworks vary across regions. Furthermore, what we expect of
the companies in which we invest varies between different stages of business development and the underlying history and nature of the
company in question. We seek to understand each company</FONT>&rsquo;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">s individual
circumstances and so evaluate how it can best be governed and overseen. As such, we strive to apply the principles and policies set out
on these pages</FONT>&nbsp;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">in response to the needs of that individual company
at that particular time. Our heritage as a predominantly active fund manager helps drive this bespoke approach to understanding good governance
and risk management.</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">We have a
clear perception of what we consider to be best practice globally </FONT>&ndash; <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">as
set out in this document. However we will reflect the nature of the business, our close understanding of individual companies and regional
considerations, where appropriate, in our approach to applying these policies, which are not exhaustive.</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">This document
has received approval from the Head of Public Markets and the Investment Vector</FONT>&rsquo;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">s
Chief Sustainability Officer following consultation with various internal stakeholders.</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>Our approach
to stewardship</B></FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">We seek to integrate and appraise environmental, social and governance factors in our investment process. Our aim is
to generate the best long-term outcomes for our clients and we will actively take steps as stewards and owners to protect and enhance
the value of our clients</FONT>&rsquo; <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">assets.</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Stewardship
is a reflection of this bespoke approach to good governance and risk management. We seek to understand each company</FONT>&rsquo;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">s
specific approach to governance, how value is created through business success and how investors</FONT>&rsquo; <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">interests
are protected through the management of risks that materially impact business success. This requires us to play our part in the governance
process by being active stewards of companies, involved in dialogue with management and non-executive directors where appropriate, understanding
the material risks and opportunities </FONT>&ndash; <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">including those relating
to environmental and social factors and helping to shape the future success of the business.</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">We will:</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0%"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Take into consideration, in our investment process, the
policies and practices on environmental, social and governance matters of the companies in which we invest.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Seek to enhance long-term shareholder value through constructive
engagement with the companies in which we invest.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Actively engage with the companies and assets in which we
invest where we believe we can influence or gain insight.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Seek to exercise voting rights, where held, in a manner
consistent with our clients</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&#8217; <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">long-term
best interests.</FONT></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Seek to influence the development of high standards of corporate
governance and corporate responsibility in relation to environmental and social factors for the benefit of our clients.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Communicate our Listed Company ESG Principles and Voting
Policies to clients, companies and other interested parties.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Be accountable to clients within the constraints of professional
confidentiality and legislative and regulatory requirements.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Be transparent in reporting our engagement and voting activities.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">abrdn is committed
to exercising responsible ownership with a conviction that companies adopting improving practices in corporate governance and risk management
will be more successful in their core activities and deliver enhanced returns to shareholders. As owners of companies, the process of
stewardship is a natural part of our investment approach as we seek to benefit from their long-term success on our clients</FONT>&rsquo;
<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">behalf.</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Engagement</B></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">It is a central tenet of our active investment approach
that we strive to meet with the management and directors of our investee companies on a regular basis. The discussions we have cover a
wide range of topics, including: strategic, operational, and ESG issues and consider the long-term drivers of value. Engagement with companies
on ESG risks and opportunities is a fundamental part of our investment process. It is a process by which we can discuss how a company
identifies, prioritises and mitigates its key risks and optimises its most significant opportunities. As such, we regard engagement as:</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0%"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Important to understanding investee companies as a whole.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Helpful when conducting proper ESG analysis.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Useful to maintaining open dialogue and solid relationships
with companies.</FONT></TD></TR>


<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0%"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">An opportunity to inflect positive change on a company</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&#8217;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">s
holistic risk management programme </FONT>&#8211; <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">be active with our holdings
rather than activist.</FONT></FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>Proxy Voting</B></FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Proxy voting is an integral part of our active stewardship approach and we seek to exercise voting rights in a manner in line with our
clients</FONT>&rsquo; <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">best interests. We seek to ensure that voting reflects
our understanding of the companies in which we invest on behalf of our clients. We believe that voting is a vital mechanism for holding
boards and management teams to account, and is an important tool for escalation and shareholder action.</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">This document includes our process and overarching policy guidelines
which we apply when voting at general meetings. These policies are not exhaustive and we evaluate our voting on a case by case basis.
As a global investment firm we recognise the importance of adopting a regional approach, taking into account differing and developing
market practices. Where a policy is specific to one region this is denoted.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">We endeavour to engage with companies regarding our voting decisions
to maintain a dialogue on matters of concern.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Voting Process</B></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B></B> In line with our active ownership approach, we
review the majority of general meeting agendas convened by companies which are held in our active equity portfolios. Analysis is undertaken
by a member of our regional investment teams or our Active Ownership team and votes instructed following consideration of our policies,
our views of the company and our investment insights. To enhance our analysis we may engage with a company prior to voting to understand
additional context and explanations, particularly where there is deviation from what we believe to be best practice.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">To supplement
our own analysis we make use of the benchmark research and recommendations provided by ISS, a provider of proxy voting services. In the
UK we also make use of the Investment Association</FONT>&rsquo;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">s (IA) Institutional
Voting Information Service. We have implemented regional voting policy guidelines with ISS which ISS applies to all meetings in order
to produce customised vote recommendations. These custom recommendations help identify resolutions which deviate from our expectations.
They are also used to determine votes where a company is held only in passive funds. Within our custom policies, however, we do specify
numerous resolutions which should be referred to us for active review. For example we will analyse all proposals marked by ISS as environmental
or social proposals.</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">While it is
most common for us to vote in line with a board</FONT>&rsquo;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">s voting recommendation
we will vote our clients</FONT>&rsquo; <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">shares against resolutions which are not
consistent with their best interests. We may also vote against resolutions which conflict with local governance guidelines, such as the
IA in the UK. Although we seek to vote either in favour or against a resolution we do make use of an abstain vote where this is considered
appropriate. For example we may use an abstention to acknowledge some improvement, but as a means to reserve our position in expectation
that further improvement is needed before we can vote in favour. Where we vote against a resolution we endeavour to inform companies of
our rationale.</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">In exceptional
circumstances we may attend and speak at a shareholder meeting to reinforce our views to the company</FONT>&rsquo;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">s
board.</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">We endeavour
to vote all shares for which we have voting authority. We may not vote when there are obstacles to do so, for example those impacting
liquidity, such as share- blocking, or where there is a significant conflict of interest. We use the voting platform of ISS to instruct
our votes. Where we lend stock on behalf of clients, and subject to the terms of client agreements, we hold the right to recall shares
where it is in clients</FONT>&rsquo; <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">interests and we take the view that it will
impact the final vote to maintain full voting weight on a particular meeting or resolution.</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Our votes are disclosed publicly on our website one day after a general
meeting has taken place.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Strategy</B></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">We invest in companies to create the best outcome for
our clients. Companies must be clear about the drivers of their business success and their strategy for maintaining and enhancing it.
Investment is a forward-looking process; we seek to understand the opportunity for a business and its scope for future value-creation
over the long term. In order to do this, we need clarity on past business delivery and its drivers, and on the effective track record
of management; we require honest and open reporting to build confidence in that track record. We seek confidence that companies and their
management can maintain their competitive positioning and operational performance and subsequently enhance returns for investors. A clear
strategy and clarity about the drivers of operational success provides the lens through which we will consider most corporate issues,
not least assessing performance and risk management.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.15in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We will consider voting against executive or non-executive
directors if we have serious concerns regarding the oversight or implementation of strategy.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>Board of
Directors</B></FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">We believe effective board governance promotes the long-term success and value creation of the company. The board should
be responsible for establishing the company</FONT>&rsquo;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">s purpose and strategy,
overseeing management in their implementation of strategy and performance against objectives. The board should ensure a strong framework
of control and risk oversight, including material ESG risks. The board should assess and monitor culture and be engaged with the workforce,
shareholders and wider society.</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Board Composition</B></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Effective decision making requires a mix of
skills around the table and constructive debate between diverse and different-minded individuals. A range of skills, experience and perspectives
should be drawn together on the board. These include industry knowledge, experience from other sectors and relevant geographical knowledge.
Independence of thought plays a crucial role in the ability of a board to generate the debate and discussion that will challenge management,
help enhance business performance and improve decision-making. Board assessments will help the board ensure it has the necessary mix of
skills, diversity and quality of individuals to address the current risks and opportunities the company faces. Unitary boards should comprise
an appropriate combination of executive and non- executive directors such that no group of individuals dominates decision-making. We expect
the size of the board to reflect the size, nature and complexity of the business. We also expect regular internal and external board evaluations
which include an assessment of board composition and effectiveness.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Leadership</B></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Running businesses effectively for the long term
requires effective collaboration and cooperation, with no individual or small group having unfettered powers. Nor should they have dominant
influence over the way a business is run or over major decisions about its operations or future. There should be a division of responsibility
between board leadership and executive leadership of the business. We believe that there should be a division of roles at the top of the
organisation, typically between a Chief Executive Officer (CEO) and an independent Chair.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We will consider supporting the re-election of an existing
Chair &amp; CEO role combination, recognising that this remains common in certain geographies. In reviewing on a case by case basis we
will take account of the particular circumstances of the company and consider what checks and balances are in place, such as the presence
of a strong Senior Independent Director with a clear scope of responsibility.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We will generally oppose any re-combination of the roles
of CEO and Chair, unless the move is on a temporary basis due to exceptional circumstances or other mitigating factors.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We will generally oppose any move of a retiring CEO to the
role of Chair.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Independence</B></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Companies should be led and overseen by genuinely
independent boards. When looking at board composition we generally expect to see a majority of independent directors, with boards identifying
their independence classifications in the Annual Report. It is preferable to see an identified Senior Independent Director (SID) on the
board, who will lead the appraisal of and succession planning for the Chair. We expect SIDs to meet with investors and be a point of contact
for escalating concerns if required.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">In assessing
a director</FONT>&rsquo;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">s independence we will have due regard for whether a
director:</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0%"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.4in">(I)</TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Has been an employee of the company within the last five
years.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD></TD><TD>(II)</TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Has had within the last three years a material business
relationship with the company.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD></TD><TD>(III)</TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Has received remuneration in addition to director fees or
participates in the company</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&#8217;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">s option
or variable incentive schemes, or is a member of the company</FONT>&#8217;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">s pension
scheme.</FONT></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD></TD><TD>(IV)</TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Has close family ties with any of the company</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&#8217;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">s
advisers, directors or senior employees.</FONT></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD></TD><TD>(V)</TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Holds cross-directorships or has significant links with
other directors through involvement in other companies or bodies.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD></TD><TD>(VI)</TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Represents a significant shareholder.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD></TD><TD>(VII)</TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Has served on the board for more than 12 years (or 9 for
UK companies).</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We will consider voting against the re-election of non-independent
directors if the board is not majority independent (excluding employee representatives). In doing so we will have regard for whether a
company is controlled and the nature of the non-independence </FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&#8211; <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">for
example, we are unlikely to vote against shareholder representatives unless their representation is disproportionate to their shareholding.</FONT></FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>Succession
Planning</B></FONT><B>&nbsp;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&amp; Refreshment</FONT></B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Regular refreshment of the non-executive portion of a board helps draw in fresh perspectives, not least in the context of changes to business
and emerging opportunities and risks. It also helps limit the danger of group-think. Thoughtful and proactive succession planning is therefore
needed for board continuity, to ensure that a board is populated by individuals with an appropriate mix of skills, experience and perspective.
We expect the board to implement a formal process for the recruitment and appointment of new directors, and to provide transparency of
this in the Annual Report.</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We will vote against non-executive directors where there
are concerns regarding board refreshment or excessive tenure. Where there are directors who have served for over 12 years on a board which
has seen no refreshment in 3 years (2 in UK), we will generally vote against their re-election. If a director has served for over 15 years
we will generally vote against their re-election. We will, however, consider the impact on board continuity and the company</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&#8217;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">s
succession planning efforts prior to doing so. We may not apply the tenure limit to directors who are founders or shareholder representatives.</FONT></FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Diversity</B></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">We believe that companies that make progress in diversity
and inclusion (D&amp;I) are better positioned for long-term sustainability and outperformance. Diversity of thought, paired with a culture
of inclusion, can help companies to tackle increasingly complex challenges and markets. We expect boards to report on how they promote
D&amp;I throughout the business and believe that setting targets is important to addressing imbalances. We recognise the importance of
adopting a regional approach to diversity and inclusion, allowing us to press for progress with appropriate consideration for the starting
point. We have for several years, actively encouraged progress in gender diversity at all levels, and have expanded our scope in relation
to diversity and inclusion across geographies. In respect of ethnic diversity, this is coming increasingly into focus as we encourage
boards to progress in ensuring that their composition reflects their employee and customer bases.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Our regional specific policies are below. In determining our votes
we will take account of mitigating factors, such as the sudden departure of a female board member. We will also consider any clear progress
being made by the company on diversity and any assurance that diversity shortfalls will soon be addressed.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Gender Diversity</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0%"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">UK: We will generally vote against the Nomination Committee
Chair of FTSE 350 companies if the board is not comprised of at least one third female directors. For smaller companies, we will take
this action if the board does not include at least one female director.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Europe: We will generally vote against the Nomination Committee
Chair of LargeCap companies if the supervisory board is not comprised of at least 30% female directors, or is not in line with the local
standard if higher. For smaller companies, we will take this action if the supervisory board does not include at least one female director.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Australia: We will generally vote against the Nomination
Committee Chair of ASX300 companies if the board is not comprised of at least 30% female directors.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">North America: We will generally vote against the Nomination
Committee Chair of LargeCap companies if the board is not comprised of at least 30% female directors. For smaller companies, we will take
this action if the board does not include at least one female director</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Ethnic Diversity</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0%"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">UK: We will generally vote against the Nomination Committee
Chair at the boards of FTSE 100 companies, if the board does not include at least one member from an ethnic minority background. This
is in line with targets set up by the Parker Review.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">US: We will generally vote against the Nomination Committee
Chair at the boards of S&amp;P 1500 &amp; Russell 3000 companies if the board does not include at least one member from a racial or ethnic
minority background.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>Directors</B></FONT><B>&rsquo;
<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Time Commitment</FONT></B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Individual directors need sufficient time to carry out their role effectively and therefore we seek to ensure that all directors maintain
an appropriate level of overall commitments such that allows them to be properly diligent.</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0%"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We will consider opposing the election or re-election of
any director where there is a concern regarding their ability to dedicate sufficient time to the role. In making this assessment we will
have regard for the ISS classification of </FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&#8216;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">overboarding</FONT>&#8217;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">.</FONT></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We will generally oppose the re-election of any director
who has attended fewer than 75% of board meetings in two consecutive years.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Board Committees</B></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Boards should establish committees, populated
by independent and appropriately skilled non-executive directors, to oversee (as a minimum) the nomination, audit and remuneration processes.
It may also be appropriate for additional committees to be established, such as a risk or sustainability committee. These committees should
report openly on an annual basis about their activities and key decisions taken.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0%"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We will consider voting against committee members if we
have concerns regarding the composition of a committee.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Nomination Committee</B></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">This committee has responsibility for leading
the process for orderly non-executive and senior management succession planning and recruitment, and for overseeing the composition of
the board including skillset, experience and diversity. We expect the committee to be comprised of a majority of independent directors
with an independent Chair.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0%"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We will consider voting against the re-election of the Nomination
Committee Chair if we have concerns regarding the composition of the board or concerns regarding poor succession planning.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>Audit Committee</B></FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">This committee has responsibility for monitoring the integrity of the financial statements, reviewing the company</FONT>&rsquo;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">s
internal financial controls and risk management systems, reviewing the effectiveness of the company</FONT>&rsquo;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">s
internal audit function and appointing auditors. While we prefer the committee to be wholly independent, at minimum we expect the committee
to be comprised of a majority of independent directors with an independent Chair and at least one member having recent and relevant financial
experience.</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0%"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We will generally vote against the re-election of the Audit
Committee Chair if at least one member of the Committee does not have recent and relevant financial experience.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>Remuneration
Committee</B></FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">This committee is responsible for determining the policy and setting remuneration for executive and non-executive directors.
The committee should ensure that remuneration is aligned with strategy and company performance and should clearly demonstrate regard for
the company</FONT>&rsquo;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">s employees, for wider society and be cognisant of the
company</FONT>&rsquo;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">s licence to operate when considering policy and the overall
level of remuneration. We expect remuneration committees to be robust in their approach to developing and implementing remuneration policies,
with formal and transparent procedures for developing policies and for determining remuneration packages. Remuneration committees should
be comprised of a majority of independent directors with an independent Chair and we expect members to have appropriate experience and
knowledge of the business. No executive should be involved in setting their own remuneration.</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0%"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Where we have significant concerns regarding the company</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&#8217;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">s
remuneration policy or reward outcomes we may escalate these concerns through a vote against the Chair or members of the Remuneration
Committee.</FONT></FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Director Accountability</B></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">We expect to be able to hold boards
to account through engagement and regular director re-elections and directors should feel that they are accountable to investors. We encourage
individual, rather than bundled, director elections. While our preference is for directors to be subject to re-election annually, we expect
re-elections to take place at least every three years. Lengthier board mandates, while not uncommon in some markets, risk divorcing directors
from an appropriate sense of accountability. Directors and management should make themselves available for discussions with major shareholders
as we expect to have open dialogue to share our perspectives and gain confidence that the individuals are carrying out their roles with
appropriate vigour and diligence. A further important element of director accountability to shareholders is that investors should have
the right, both formal and informal, to propose and promote individual directors to be considered for election to the board by all shareholders.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0%"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We will generally oppose the re-election of non- independent
NEDs who are proposed for a term exceeding three years. We may not apply this to directors who are shareholder representatives.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Where we have significant concerns regarding a board member</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&#8217;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">s
performance, actions or inaction to address issues raised we may vote against their re-election.</FONT></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We may vote against directors who decline appropriate requests
for meeting without a clear justification.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Where a director has held a position of responsibility at
a company which has suffered a material governance failure, we will consider whether we are comfortable to support their re-election at
other listed companies.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We will generally support resolutions to discharge the supervisory
board or management board members unless we have serious concerns regarding actions taken during the year under review. Where there is
insufficient information regarding allegations of misconduct, we may prefer to abstain. In exceptional circumstances we may vote against
the discharge resolution to reflect serious ESG concerns if there is not another appropriate resolution.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We will not support the election of directors who are not
personally identified but are proposed as corporations.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>Reporting</B></FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B></B>
A company</FONT>&rsquo;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">s board should present a fair, balanced and understandable
assessment of the company</FONT>&rsquo;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">s position and prospects </FONT>&ndash;
<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">financial and non-financial </FONT>&ndash; <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">and
of how it has fulfilled its responsibilities. We support the principle of full disclosure of relevant and useful information, subject
to issues of commercial confidentiality and prejudice. Boilerplate disclosure should be avoided. We encourage companies to consider using
the appropriate globally developed standards and would particularly encourage the use of those created by the Taskforce for Climate related
Financial Disclosure (TCFD), the International Integrated Reporting Council (IIRC), the Sustainability Accounting Standards Board (SASB)
and the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI). Audited reporting and financial numbers should be published ahead of any relevant shareholder
meetings. We continue to monitor the evolving reporting landscape and consider new reporting developments as they emerge, either voluntary
or regulatory.</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0%"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We may consider voting against a company</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&#8217;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">s
Annual Report &amp; Accounts if we have concerns regarding timely provision or disclosure.</FONT></FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>Political
Donations</B></FONT><B>&nbsp;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&amp; Lobbying</FONT></B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Companies should be consistent in their public statements and not undermine these in private commentary to market participants or to politicians
and regulators. We welcome transparency from companies about their lobbying activities and believe that good companies have nothing to
hide in this respect. Similarly we encourage transparency of any political donations that companies deem appropriate </FONT>&ndash; <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">and
we expect a clear explanation of why such donations are an appropriate use of corporate funds.</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>Risk</B></FONT><B>&nbsp;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&amp;
Audit</FONT></B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The board is responsible for determining the company</FONT>&rsquo;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">s
risk appetite, establishing procedures to manage risk and for monitoring the company</FONT>&rsquo;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">s
internal controls. We expect boards to conduct robust assessments of the company</FONT>&rsquo;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">s
material risks and report to shareholders on risks, controls and effectiveness. The introduction of global accounting standards has led
to much greater investor confidence in the accounts produced by companies around the world. It has also assisted in creating consistency
of reporting across companies, enabling fairer comparisons between different operating businesses. We therefore encourage companies seeking
international investment to report under International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) or US GAAP. As a firm abrdn supports the continued
development of high quality global accounting standards.</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">An independent
audit, delivered by a respected audit firm, is a required element for investor confidence in reporting by companies. We strongly favour
meaningful, transparent and informative auditor reports, giving us additional insights into the audit process and accounting outcomes.
Audit fees must be sufficient to pay for an appropriately in-depth assurance process. We would be concerned if a company sought to make
savings in this respect as the cost in terms of damage to audit effectiveness and confidence in the company</FONT>&rsquo;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">s
accounts would be much more substantial.</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The independence of the auditor and the standard of their work, particularly
in challenging management, should be subject to regular assessment that is appropriately disclosed. Even when individuals carrying out
the audit are refreshed, we believe that the independence of the audit firm erodes over time and we will encourage a tender process and
change of audit firm where an engagement has lasted for an extended period. In order to demonstrate the level of independence, companies
should not have the same audit firm in place for more than 20 years.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The relationship with the auditor should be mediated through the audit
committee. Where we are significant shareholders, we expect to be consulted on plans to tender and replace auditors.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0%"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We will generally vote against the re-election of an auditor
which has a tenure of 20 years or over, if there are no plans for rotation in the near term.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We will consider voting against the auditors if we have
concerns regarding the accounts presented or the audit procedures used.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We will vote against the approval of auditor fees if we
have concerns regarding the level of fees or the balance of non-audit and audit fees.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Remuneration</B></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Remuneration policies and the overall levels of
pay should be aligned with strategy, attracting and retaining talent and incentivising the decisions and behaviours needed to create long-term
value. The component parts of remuneration should be structured so as to link rewards to corporate and individual performance and they
should be considered in the context of the remuneration policies when taken as a whole. We recognise the benefits of simplicity in forming
the policy, which should clearly link outcomes and expectations for those receiving the remuneration, as well as external stakeholders.
The structure should be transparent and understandable.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">A company</FONT>&rsquo;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">s
annual report should contain an informative statement of remuneration policy which communicates clearly to stakeholders how it has developed
and evolved. This should include details of any stress testing that may have been undertaken to understand the policy outcomes for different
business scenarios. The remuneration committee should provide a clear description of the application of policy and the outcomes achieved.</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Base salary should be set at a level appropriate for the role and responsibility
of the executive. We discourage increases which are driven by peer benchmarking, and expect increases to be aligned with the wider workforce.
Consideration should also be given to the knock on impact to variable remuneration potential. Pension arrangements and benefits should
be clearly disclosed. We generally expect pension structures to be aligned with the wider workforce.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">A company
should structure variable, performance- related pay to incentivise and reward management in a manner that is aligned with the company</FONT>&rsquo;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">s
sustainable performance and risk appetite over the long term. We expect all variable pay to be capped, preferably as a proportion of base
salary. In the UK we expect variable pay to be capped as a proportion of salary. In other markets, if variable pay is capped at a number
of shares, we expect the value of grants to be kept under review annually to ensure the value remains appropriate and is not excessive.</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Performance
metrics used to determine variable pay should be clearly disclosed and aligned with the company</FONT>&rsquo;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">s
strategy. A significant portion of performance metrics should seek to measure significant improvements in the underlying financial performance
of the company. We also encourage the inclusion of non-financial metrics linked to targets which are aligned with the company</FONT>&rsquo;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">s
progress on its ESG strategy. Where possible we expect these targets to be quantifiable and disclosed.</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Variable pay arrangements should incentivise participants to achieve
above-average performance through the use of challenging targets. We encourage sliding-scale performance measures and expect performance
target ranges to be disclosed to enable shareholders to assess the level of challenge and pay for performance alignment. We expect annual
bonus targets to be disclosed retrospectively and encourage the disclosure of long term incentive (LTI) targets at the beginning of the
performance period, but at minimum we expect retrospective disclosure. Where bonus or LTI targets are not disclosed due to commercial
sensitivity we expect an explanation of why the targets continue to be considered sensitive retrospectively and expect some detail regarding
the level of achievement vs target. Where a share price metric is being used, we expect this to be underpinned by a challenging measure
of underlying performance.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">We encourage settlement of a portion of the annual bonus in shares
which are deferred for at least one year.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">We expect settlement of long term incentives to be in shares, with
rationale provided for any awards settled in cash. Long term incentives should have a performance period of no less than three years.
In the UK we expect a further holding period of two years to be applied, and we encourage this in other markets.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">We do not generally support restricted share schemes or value creation
plans. We will consider supporting the use of restricted share plans which have been structured consistent with the guidelines of the
Investment Association.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">We expect appropriate malus and clawback provisions to be applied to
variable remuneration plans.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">We expect shareholding guidelines to be adopted for executive directors
and encourage the adoption of post- departure shareholding guidelines.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">We expect details of any use of discretion to be disclosed and its
use should be justifiable, appropriate and clearly explained. We would expect policies to be sufficiently robust so that discretion is
only necessary in exceptional circumstances. We do not generally support exceptional awards, and are particularly sensitive to such awards
being granted to reward a corporate transaction.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">We expect executive service contracts to provide for a maximum notice
period of 12 months. We will consider local best practice provisions related to severance arrangements when voting.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Non-executive
fees should reflect the role</FONT>&rsquo;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">s level of responsibility and time
commitment. We do not support NED</FONT>&rsquo;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">s participation in option or performance-related
arrangements. However we do support the payment of fees in shares, particularly where conservation of cash is an issue.</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">In the UK
our expectations of companies are aligned with the Investment Association</FONT>&rsquo;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">s
Principles of Remuneration.</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Where significant changes to remuneration arrangements are being considered,
we would expect remuneration committees to consult with their largest shareholders prior to finalising any changes. Where any increase
to variable remuneration is proposed, we would expect this to be accompanied by a demonstrable increase in the stretch of the targets.
Furthermore we expect any increases to remuneration to be subject to shareholder approval.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">In response to the issues arising from the cost of living crisis being
experienced by many people in the UK, we expect companies to focus any additional help towards those members of the workforce who need
it most. We expect Remuneration Committees to take into account factors arising from the cost of living crisis when deliberating over
executive pay outcomes. We would be concerned by reputational issues arising from decisions made in these unusual circumstances and may
make this a factor in our voting decisions at relevant AGMs.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">In line with
the expectations set out above we will generally vote against the appropriate resolution(s)</FONT>&nbsp;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">where:</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0%"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We consider the overall reward potential or outcome to be
excessive.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A significant increase to salary has been granted which
is not aligned with the workforce or is not sufficiently justified.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A significant increase to performance-related pay has been
granted which is not sufficiently justified, is not accompanied by an increase in the level of stretch required for achievement or results
in the potential for excessive reward.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">There is no appropriate cap on variable incentive schemes.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Performance targets for annual bonus awards are not disclosed
retrospectively and the absence of disclosure is not explained.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Performance targets for long term incentive awards are not
disclosed up front and there is no compelling explanation regarding the absence of disclosure or a commitment to disclose retrospectively.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Performance targets are not considered sufficiently challenging,
either at threshold, target or maximum.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Relative performance targets allow vesting of awards for
below median performance.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0%"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Retesting provisions apply.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Incentives that have been conditionally awarded have been
repriced or performance conditions changed part way through a performance period.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We have concerns regarding the use of discretion or the
grant of exceptional awards.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pension arrangements are excessive.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pension arrangements are not aligned with the wider workforce
(UK).</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Investor Rights</B></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The interests of minority shareholders must
be protected and any major, or majority, investor should not enjoy preferential treatment. The structure of ownership or control should
minimise the potential for abuse of public shareholders.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Corporate Transactions</B></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Companies should not make significant
changes to their structure or nature without being fully transparent to their investors. Shareholders should have the opportunity to vote
on significant corporate activity, such as mergers and acquisitions. Where a transaction is with a related party, only independent shareholders
should have a vote. Even in markets where no vote is given to shareholders in these circumstances, investors need transparent disclosure
of the reasons for any such major change. Companies should expect that shareholders may want to discuss and debate proposed developments
Diversification beyond the core skills of the business needs to be justified as it is more often than not a distraction from operational
performance. All major deals need to be clearly explained and justified in the context of the pre- existing strategy and be subject to
shareholder approval.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">We will vote on corporate transactions on a case by case basis.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>Dividends</B></FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">We will generally support the payment of dividends but will scrutinise the proposed level where it appears excessive given the company</FONT>&rsquo;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">s
financial position.</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Share Capital</B></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The board carries responsibility for prudent capital
management and allocation.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Share Issuance</B></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">We will consider capital raises which are proposed
for a specific purpose on a case by case basis but recognise that it can be beneficial for companies to have some general flexibility
to issue shares to raise capital. However we expect issuances to be limited to the needs of the business and companies should not issue
significant portions of shares unless offering these on a pro-rata basis to existing shareholders to protect against inappropriate dilution
of investments.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0%"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Where a company seeks a general authority to issue shares
we generally expect this to be limited to 25% of the company</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&#8217;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">s
share capital for pre- emptive issuances. In the UK we are aligned with the guidance of the Investment Association Share Capital Management
Guidelines.</FONT></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Where a company seeks a general authority to issue shares
we generally expect this to be limited to 10% of the company</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&#8217;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">s
share capital for non-pre-emptive issuances. In the UK we are aligned with the guidance of the Investment Association Share Capital Management
Guidelines and those of the Pre-Emption Group.</FONT></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We will not generally support share issuances at investment
trusts unless there is a commitment that shares would only be issued at a price at or above net asset value.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">When considering
our votes we will, however, take account of the company</FONT>&rsquo;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">s circumstances
and any further detail regarding proposed capital issuance authorities prior to voting.</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Following
changes to the UK</FONT>&rsquo;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">s Pre-Emption Group Guidelines in November</FONT>&nbsp;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2022,
which reflect an increase on previous limits, we will hold the Chair of the company accountable for any perceived misuse of the increased
flexibility through a vote against their re-election.</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Buyback</B></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">We recognise that share buybacks can be a flexible means
of returning cash to shareholders.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.15in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We will generally support buyback authorities of up to 10%
of the issued share capital.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>Related
Party Transactions</B></FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The nature of relations </FONT>&ndash; <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">particularly any
related party transactions (RPTs) </FONT>&ndash; <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">with parent or related companies,
or other major investors, must be disclosed fully. Related party transactions must be agreed on arm</FONT>&rsquo;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">s
length terms and be made fully transparent. Where they are material, they should be subject to the approval of independent shareholders.</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.15in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We will vote against RPTs where there is insufficient transparency
of the nature of the transaction, the rationale, the terms or the views and assessment of directors and advisors.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Article/Bylaw amendments</B></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">While it is standard to see proposals
from companies to amend their articles of association or bylaws, we will review these on a case by case basis. When doing so we expect
full transparency of the proposed changes to be disclosed.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0%"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We will vote against amendments which will reduce shareholder
rights.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Anti-Takeover Defences</B></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">There should be no artificial structures
put in place to entrench management and protect companies from takeover. The best defence from hostile takeover is strong operational
delivery.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0%"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We will generally vote against anti-takeover/</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&#8216;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">poison
pill</FONT>&#8217; <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">proposals.</FONT></FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><U>Voting
Rights</U></FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">We are strong supporters of the principle of </FONT>&lsquo;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">one share,
one vote</FONT>&rsquo; <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">and therefore favour equal voting rights for all shareholders.</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0%"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We will generally vote against proposals which seek to introduce
or continue capital structures with multiple voting rights.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We will consider voting against proposals to raise new capital
at companies with multiple share classes and voting rights.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>General
Meetings</B></FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Shareholder meetings provide an important opportunity to hold boards to account not only through voting on the proposed resolutions
but also by enabling investors the opportunity to raise questions, express views and emphasise concerns to the entire board. We may make
a statement at a company</FONT>&rsquo;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">s AGM as a means of escalation to reinforce
our views to a company</FONT>&rsquo;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">s board.</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">We welcome the opportunity to attend meetings virtually, being of the
view that this can increase participation given obstacles such as location or meeting concentration. However we are not supportive of
companies adopting virtual-only meetings as we believe this format reduces accountability. Our preference is for a hybrid meeting format
to balance the flexibility of remote attendance with the accountability of an in-person meeting.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We will generally support resolutions seeking approval to
shorten the EGM notice period to minimum 14 days, unless we have concerns regarding previous inappropriate use of this flexibility.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We will generally support proposals to enable virtual meetings
to take place as long as there is confirmation that the format will be hybrid, with physical meetings continuing to take place (unless
prohibited by law). We expect virtual attendees to have the same rights to speak and raise questions as those attending in-person.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>As part of strategic planning, boards need to have oversight of,
and clearly articulate, the key opportunities and risks affecting the sustainability of the business model. This includes having a process
for, and transparent disclosure of, potential and emerging opportunities and risks and the actions being taken to address them.</B></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The effective
management of risks extends to long-term issues that are hard to measure and whose timeframe is uncertain and will include the management
of environmental and social issues. We use the UN Global Compact</FONT>&rsquo;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">s
four areas of focus in assessing how companies are performing in this area.</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Specifically we expect companies to be able to demonstrate how they
manage their exposures under the following headings.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>The Environment</B></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">It is generally accepted that companies are
responsible for the effects of their operations and products on the environment. The steps they take to assess and reduce those impacts
can lead to cost savings and reduce potential reputational damage. Companies are responsible for their impact on the climate and they
face increased regulation from world governments on activities that contribute to climate change.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">We expect that companies will</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0%"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Identify, manage and reduce their environmental impacts.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Understand the impact of climate change along the company
value chain.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Develop group-level climate policies and, where relevant,
set targets to manage the impact, report on policies, practices and actions taken to reduce carbon and other environmental risks within
their operations.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Comply with all environmental laws and regulations, or recognised
international best practice as a minimum.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Where we have
serious concerns regarding a board</FONT>&rsquo;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">s actions, or inaction, in relation
to the environment we will consider taking voting action on an appropriate resolution.</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">We will use the indicators within the Carbon Disclosure Project to
identify companies which are not fulfilling their climate commitments. Where appropriate we will take voting action to encourage better
practice among companies which we deem to be laggards.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>Labour
and employment</B></FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Companies that respect internationally recognised labour rights and provide safe and healthy working environments for
employees are likely to reap the benefits. This approach is likely to foster a more committed and productive workforce, and help reduce
damage to reputation and a company</FONT>&rsquo;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">s license to operate. We expect
companies to comply with all employment laws and regulations and adopt practices in line with the International Labour Organization</FONT>&rsquo;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">s
core labour standards. a minimum.</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">In particular, companies will:</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0%"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Take affirmative steps to ensure that they uphold decent
labour standards.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Adopt strong health and safety policies and programmes to
implement such policies.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Adopt equal employment opportunity and diversity policies
and a programme for ensuring compliance with such policies.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Adopt policies and programmes for investing in employee
training and development.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Adopt initiatives to attract and retain talented employees,
foster higher productivity and quality, and encourage in their workforce a commitment to achieving the company</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&#8217;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">s
purpose.</FONT></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Ensure policies are in place for a company</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&#8217;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">s
suppliers that promote decent labour standards, and programmes are in place to ensure high standards of labour along supply chains.</FONT></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Report regularly on its policy and implementation of managing
human capital.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Where we have
serious concerns regarding a board</FONT>&rsquo;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">s actions, or inaction, in relation
to labour and employment we will consider taking voting action on an appropriate resolution.</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Human rights</B></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">We recognise the impact that human-rights issues
can have on our investments and the role we can play in stimulating progress. We draw upon a number of international, legal and voluntary
agreements for guidance on human-rights responsibilities and compliance. Our primary sources are the International Bill of Rights and
the core conventions of the International Labour Organisation (ILO), which form the list of internationally agreed human rights, and the
UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights (UNGPs), which clarifies the roles of states and businesses. We encourage companies
to use the UNGPs Reporting Framework and encourage disclosure in line with this guidance.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">We expect companies to:</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0%"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Continually work to understand their actual and potential
impacts on human rights.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Establish systems that actively ensure respect for human
rights.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Take appropriate action to remedy any infringements on human
rights.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Where we have
serious concerns regarding a board</FONT>&rsquo;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">s actions, or inaction, in relation
to human rights we will consider taking voting action on an appropriate resolution.</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>Business
ethics</B></FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">As institutions of wealth and influence, companies have a significant impact on the prosperity of their local communities and
the wider world. Having a robust code of ethics and ensuring professional conduct mean companies operate more effectively, particularly
when it comes to ethical principles governing decision- making. A company</FONT>&rsquo;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">s
failure to conform to internationally recognised standards of business ethics on matters such as bribery and corruption, can increase
its risk of facing investigation, litigation and fines. This could undermine its license to operate, and affect its reputation and image.</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">We expect
companies to have policies in place to support the following:</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0%"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Ethics at the heart of the organisation</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&#8217;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">s
governance.</FONT></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A zero-tolerance policy on bribery and corruption. How
people are rewarded, as pay can influence behaviour.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Respect for human rights.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Tax transparency.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Ethical training for employees.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Where we have
serious concerns regarding a board</FONT>&rsquo;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">s actions, or inaction, related
to business ethics we will consider taking voting action on an appropriate resolution.</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>We will review any resolution at company meetings which ISS has
identified as covering environmental and social factors.</B></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>The following will detail our overarching approach and expectations.</B></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Our approach to vote analysis is consistent across active and quantitative
investment strategies</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Review</B> the resolution, proponent and board statements, existing disclosures, and external research.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Engage</B> with the company, proponents, and other stakeholders
as required.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Involve</B> thematic experts, regional specialists, and investment
analysts in decision-making to harness a wide range of expertise and include all material factors in our analysis.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Ensure</B> consistency by using our own in-house guidance to frame
case-by-case analysis.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Monitor</B> the outcomes of votes.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Follow-up</B> with on-going engagement as required.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Given the
nature of the topics covered by these resolutions we do not apply binary voting policies. We adopt a nuanced approach to our voting research
and outcomes and will consider the specific circumstances of the company concerned. Our objective is not to vote in favour of all shareholder
resolutions but to determine the best outcome for the company in the context of the best outcome for our clients. There are instances
where we are supportive of the spirit of a resolution however there may be a reason which prevents our support for the proposal. For example,
where the purpose of the resolution is unclear, where the wording is overly prescriptive, when suggested implementation is overly burdensome
or where the proposal strays too closely to the board</FONT>&rsquo;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">s responsibility
for setting the company</FONT>&rsquo;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">s strategy.</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>Management
Proposals</B></FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">We are supportive of the steps being taken by companies to provide transparent, detailed reporting of their ESG strategies
and targets. While shareholder proposals on environmental and social topics have been common on AGM agenda for several years, an increasing
number of companies are presenting management proposals, such as so called </FONT>&lsquo;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">say
on climate</FONT>&rsquo; <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">votes, for shareholder approval. While we welcome the
intention of accountability behind these votes, we have reservations about the potential for them to limit the scope for subsequent investor
challenge and diminish the direct responsibility and accountability of the board and individual directors. We believe it is the role of
the board and the executive to develop and apply strategy, including ESG strategies, and we will continue to use existing voting items
to hold boards to account on the implementation of these strategies. As active investors we also regularly engage with investee companies
on ESG topics and find this dialogue to be the best opportunity to provide feedback.</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">We will review
the appropriateness of </FONT>&lsquo;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">say on climate</FONT>&rsquo; <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">votes
and consider if other voting mechanisms should be applied to ensure both Boards and Executives apply the appropriate rigour to initiate
and deliver strategies to support the climate transition.</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Shareholder Proposals</B></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The number of resolutions focused on environmental
and social (E&amp;S) issues filed by shareholders continues to grow rapidly. The following provides an overview of some of the factors
we consider when assessing the most prevalent themes for shareholder proposals.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Climate Change</B></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">We are members of the Net Zero Asset Manager
Initiatives and this is reflected in our Active Ownership approach. We encourage the companies in which we invest to demonstrate a robust
methodology underpinning Paris aligned goals and targets and are supportive of resolutions that will help companies to achieve this. Once
a credible climate strategy is in place, we prioritise evidence of implementation over requests to re-draft strategies and targets after
only a year or two.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">A growing number of resolutions call on companies to increase the transparency
of their reporting on climate- related lobbying. These proposals typically encompass direct lobbying undertaken by the company and indirect
lobbying undertaken by trade associations and other organisations of which it is a member or supporter. Lobbying contrary to the objectives
of the Paris Agreement is effective in creating climate policy inertia and impeding the transition to net zero economies.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">We do not
evaluate resolutions in isolation. Our approach recognises the links between corporate governance, strategy and climate approach. Where
a company</FONT>&rsquo;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">s operational response to climate change is inadequate,
the effectiveness of board oversight and corporate governance may also be called into question.</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">We expect and encourage companies to:</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0%"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Demonstrate that a robust methodology underpins Paris aligned,
net zero goals and targets.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Set targets for absolute emission reduction, not just carbon
intensity, to show a clear pathway to net zero.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Report in alignment with the TCFD</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&#8201;&#8202;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">framework.</FONT></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Link targets to remuneration and ensure they are reflected
in capital expenditure and R&amp;D plans.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Carefully manage climate-related lobbying by ensuring appropriate
oversight, transparent disclosure of activities, and alignment of activities with the company</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&#8217;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">s
strategy and publicly stated positions.</FONT></FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>Diversity</B></FONT><B>&nbsp;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&amp;
Inclusion</FONT></B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Diversity</FONT>&nbsp;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&amp;
Inclusion (D&amp;I) is an important and growing theme for shareholder resolutions. In recent years resolutions have focussed on racial
equity audits, pay gap reporting, transparent disclosure of D&amp;I metrics and assessments of the efficacy of D&amp;I programmes.</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">A racial equity audit is an independent analysis of a
company&rsquo;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">s business practices designed to identify practices
that may have a discriminatory effect. We are supportive of racial equity audits in relation to internal and external D&amp;I
programmes. It is appropriate that these programmes should have KPIs and audit mechanisms in place to measure and evaluate outcomes.
Some proposals request racial equity audits of provision of services. We are aware that measuring provision of service is
challenging and gathering racial data on customers can be difficult and inappropriate. There are also multiple different factors
that can influence service provision and which could be misconstrued as being racially motivated. We will however, support
resolutions which are not unduly prescriptive and allow companies to carry out audits within a reasonable timeframe, at a reasonable
cost, and excluding confidential or proprietary information.</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">We consider standardised gender pay gap disclosure to be an important
tool for assessing how companies are addressing gender inequality. Reporting on gender pay gaps across global operations can help companies
to remain ahead of the regulatory curve. It also enables them to offer better opportunities and remuneration for women around the world.
We are therefore supportive of resolutions which are likely to deliver these benefits. Proposals must be carefully drafted to achieve
these outcomes. For instance, in the past we have been unable to support resolutions which called for global median gender and racial
pay gap reporting as it was unclear how this would reveal potential pay disparities at a local level and how it could be implemented by
companies with operations in jurisdictions where collection of racial identity data is illegal.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">In the US market we support public disclosure of EEO-1 forms by companies.
The EEO-1 form details a comprehensive breakdown of workforce by race and gender according to ten employment categories. The form is submitted
privately to the US Equal Employment Opportunity Commission on an annual basis. When publicly disclosed, it offers investors and other
stakeholders data in a standardised and comparable form. We have used our engagement programme to ask the companies in which we invest
to disclose this form for their US operations while making it central to our D&amp;I voting approach and supporting resolutions that request
it.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Human rights</B></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">As a supporter of the UN Guiding Principles on
Business and Human Rights (UNGPs), we expect companies to demonstrate how human rights due diligence is conducted across operations, services,
product use and the supply chain. Companies can have a significant impact on human rights directly through operations and provision of
services, and indirectly through product use and the supply chain. In recent years the sale and end-use of controversial technologies,
such as facial recognition software, has emerged as a prominent theme.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">We expect and encourage companies to:</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0%"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Have robust due diligence processes to assess the actual
and potential human rights impacts of their operations, services, product use and supply chain.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Conduct customer and supplier vetting processes commensurate
with the risk of human rights abuse.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Publicly disclose information about the operation of these
processes and utilise the UNGPs</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&#8217; <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Reporting
Framework. This will improve the standard and consistency of human rights reporting and enable more informed investment decision making.</FONT></FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>Corporate
Lobbying</B></FONT><B>&nbsp;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&amp; Political Contributions</FONT></B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Corporate lobbying and political contributions are a recurrent theme of shareholder resolutions, particularly in the US. These proposals
typically encompass direct lobbying undertaken by the company and indirect lobbying undertaken by trade associations and other organisations
of which it is a member or supporter. Proposals may also request the disclosure of more information regarding the process and rationale
for political contributions. We expect companies to make transparent, consolidated disclosures of direct and indirect lobbying and political
expenditure. This disclosure should be underpinned by a coherent policy that: explains public policy priorities and the rationale for
associated expenditure, identifies the management positions responsible for public policy engagement, and provides appropriate mechanisms
for board oversight. These measures should mitigate the risks associated with corporate lobbying and political contributions, protecting
the interest of shareholders and other stakeholders.</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>Nuclear
Energy</B></FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">In the Japanese market nuclear energy is a recurrent theme of shareholder resolutions. The Japanese government is seeking to
reduce the nation</FONT>&rsquo;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">s reliance on coal and its energy strategy presents
safe nuclear power generation as an important source of base-load power. In this context, resolutions which seek to limit or cease the
nuclear operations of an individual company do not appear to be in the best interests of shareholders and other stakeholders. The health</FONT>&nbsp;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&amp;
safety risks associated with nuclear energy are high, must be managed carefully across the industry, and are an important consideration
in our voting.</FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Important Information</B></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">This document is strictly for information
purposes only and should not be considered as an offer, investment recommendation, or solicitation, to deal in any of the investments
or funds mentioned herein and does not constitute investment research. abrdn does not warrant the accuracy, adequacy or completeness of
the information and materials contained in this document and expressly disclaims liability for errors or omissions in such information
and materials.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Any research or analysis used in the preparation of this document
has been procured by abrdn for its own use and may have been acted on for its own purpose. The results thus obtained are made available
only coincidentally and the information is not guaranteed as to its accuracy. Some of the information in this document may contain projections
or&#8239;other forward looking statements regarding future events or future financial performance of countries, markets or companies. These
statements are only predictions and actual events or results may differ materially. The reader must make their own assessment of the
relevance, accuracy and adequacy of the information contained in this document and make such independent investigations, as they may
consider necessary or appropriate for the purpose of such assessment. This material serves to provide general information and is not
meant to be investment, legal or tax advice for any particular investor. No warranty whatsoever is given and no liability whatsoever
is accepted for any loss arising whether directly or indirectly as a result of the reader, any person or group of persons acting on any
information, opinion or estimate contained in this document. abrdn reserves the right to make changes and corrections to any information
in this document at any time, without notice. This material is not to be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written consent
of abrdn.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Applying ESG and sustainability criteria in the investment process
may result in the exclusion of securities within the universe of potential investments. The interpretation of ESG and sustainability criteria
is subjective meaning that products may invest in companies which similar products do not (and thus perform differently) and which do
not align with the personal views of any individual investor. Furthermore, the lack of common or harmonized definitions and labels regarding
ESG and sustainability criteria may result in different approaches by managers when integrating ESG and sustainability criteria into investment
decisions. This means that it may be difficult to compare strategies within ostensibly similar objectives and that these strategies will
employ different security selection and exclusion criteria. Consequently, the performance profile of otherwise similar vehicles may deviate
more substantially than might otherwise be expected. Additionally, in the absence of common or harmonized definitions and labels, a degree
of subjectivity is required and this will mean that a product may invest in a security that another manager or an investor would not.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">abrdn plc is registered in Scotland (SC286832) at 1 George Street,
Edinburgh EH2 2LL.</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>


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end
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
</SEC-DOCUMENT>
