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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☑ | Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
| For the Quarterly Period Ended March 31, 2023
| or
☐ | Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the transition period
| from____________________ | to_________________________

Commission File Number: 0-261

ALICO, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Florida |  | 59-0906081
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |  | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
10070 Daniels Interstate Court |  |
Suite 200 | Fort Myers | FL |  | 33913
(Address of principal executive offices) |  | (Zip Code)

(239) | 226-2000
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock | ALCO | Nasdaq Global Select Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. ☑Yes ☐ No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). ☑Yes ☐ No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.:

Large Accelerated Filer | ☐ | Accelerated Filer | ☑
Non-accelerated filer | ☐ | Smaller Reporting Company | ☑
Emerging Growth Company | ☐ |  |

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☑

There were 7,605,189 shares of common stock outstanding at May 2, 2023.

ALICO, INC.

FORM 10-Q

For the three and six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022

Table of Contents

Part I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION |
Item 1. Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements |
Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 23
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk | 36
Item 4. Controls and Procedures | 36
Part II - OTHER INFORMATION |
Item 1. Legal Proceedings | 38
Item 1A. Risk Factors | 38
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | 38
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities | 38
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosure | 38
Item 5. Other Information | 38
Item 6. Exhibits | 39
Signatures | 40

PART I

Item 1. Condensed Consolid ated Financial Statements

Index to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2023 (Unaudited) and September 30, 2022 | 1
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 (Unaudited) | 2
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity for the three and six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 (Unaudited) | 3
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 (Unaudited) | 5
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) | 6

ALICO, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDAT ED BALANCE SHEETS

(in thousands, except share amounts)

|  | March 31, |  |  | September 30, |
|  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |
|  | (Unaudited) |  |  |  |
ASSETS |  |  |  |  |  |
Current assets: |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents |  | $ | 148 |  |  | $ | 865 |
Accounts receivable, net |  |  | 8,970 |  |  |  | 324 |
Inventories |  |  | 23,407 |  |  |  | 27,682 |
Income tax receivable |  |  | 2,855 |  |  |  | 1,116 |
Assets held for sale |  |  | 159 |  |  |  | 205 |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |  |  | 1,434 |  |  |  | 1,424 |
Total current assets |  |  | 36,973 |  |  |  | 31,616 |
Property and equipment, net |  |  | 369,101 |  |  |  | 372,479 |
Goodwill |  |  | 2,246 |  |  |  | 2,246 |
Other non-current assets |  |  | 3,241 |  |  |  | 2,914 |
Total assets |  | $ | 411,561 |  |  | $ | 409,255 |
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY |  |  |  |  |  |
Current liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |
Accounts payable |  | $ | 8,017 |  |  | $ | 3,366 |
Accrued liabilities |  |  | 3,785 |  |  |  | 9,062 |
Long-term debt, current portion |  |  | 1,629 |  |  |  | 3,035 |
Other current liabilities |  |  | 880 |  |  |  | 1,062 |
Total current liabilities |  |  | 14,311 |  |  |  | 16,525 |
Long-term debt: |  |  |  |  |  |
Principal amount, net of current portion |  |  | 103,550 |  |  |  | 103,661 |
Less: deferred financing costs, net |  |  | (684 | ) |  |  | (748 | )
Long-term debt less current portion and deferred financing costs, net |  |  | 102,866 |  |  |  | 102,913 |
Lines of credit |  |  | 21,122 |  |  |  | 4,928 |
Deferred income tax liabilities, net |  |  | 35,641 |  |  |  | 35,589 |
Other liabilities |  |  | 300 |  |  |  | 435 |
Total liabilities |  |  | 174,240 |  |  |  | 160,390 |
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 12) |  |  |  |  |  |
Stockholders' equity: |  |  |  |  |  |
Preferred stock, no par value, 1,000,000 shares authorized; none issued |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Common stock, $1.00 par value, 15,000,000 shares authorized; 8,416,145 shares issued and 7,599,492 and 7,586,995 shares outstanding at March 31, 2023 and September 30, 2022, respectively |  |  | 8,416 |  |  |  | 8,416 |
Additional paid in capital |  |  | 19,985 |  |  |  | 19,784 |
Treasury stock, at cost, 816,653 and 829,150 shares held at March 31, 2023 and September 30, 2022, respectively |  |  | (27,616 | ) |  |  | (27,948 | )
Retained earnings |  |  | 231,793 |  |  |  | 243,490 |
Total Alico stockholders' equity |  |  | 232,578 |  |  |  | 243,742 |
Noncontrolling interest |  |  | 4,743 |  |  |  | 5,123 |
Total stockholders' equity |  |  | 237,321 |  |  |  | 248,865 |
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity |  | $ | 411,561 |  |  | $ | 409,255 |

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

1

ALICO, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEME NTS OF OPERATIONS (UNAUDITED)

(in thousands, except per share amounts)

|  | Three Months Ended March 31, |  |  | Six Months Ended March 31, |
|  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |
Operating revenues: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Alico Citrus |  | $ | 20,937 |  |  | $ | 49,032 |  |  | $ | 31,205 |  |  | $ | 63,780 |
Land Management and Other Operations |  |  | 357 |  |  |  | 609 |  |  |  | 677 |  |  |  | 1,198 |
Total operating revenues |  |  | 21,294 |  |  |  | 49,641 |  |  |  | 31,882 |  |  |  | 64,978 |
Operating expenses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Alico Citrus |  |  | 27,520 |  |  |  | 45,490 |  |  |  | 41,815 |  |  |  | 58,876 |
Land Management and Other Operations |  |  | 102 |  |  |  | 152 |  |  |  | 196 |  |  |  | 292 |
Total operating expenses |  |  | 27,622 |  |  |  | 45,642 |  |  |  | 42,011 |  |  |  | 59,168 |
Gross (loss) profit |  |  | (6,328 | ) |  |  | 3,999 |  |  |  | (10,129 | ) |  |  | 5,810 |
General and administrative expenses |  |  | 2,667 |  |  |  | 2,538 |  |  |  | 5,176 |  |  |  | 5,122 |
(Loss) income from operations |  |  | (8,995 | ) |  |  | 1,461 |  |  |  | (15,305 | ) |  |  | 688 |
Other income (expense), net: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest expense |  |  | (1,274 | ) |  |  | (870 | ) |  |  | (2,422 | ) |  |  | (1,771 | )
Gain on sale of real estate, property and equipment and assets held for sale |  |  | 1,574 |  |  |  | 26,604 |  |  |  | 4,763 |  |  |  | 35,049 |
Other income, net |  |  | 30 |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | 30 |  |  |  | 10 |
Total other income, net |  |  | 330 |  |  |  | 25,735 |  |  |  | 2,371 |  |  |  | 33,288 |
(Loss) income before income taxes |  |  | (8,665 | ) |  |  | 27,196 |  |  |  | (12,934 | ) |  |  | 33,976 |
Income tax (benefit) provision |  |  | (534 | ) |  |  | 6,579 |  |  |  | (1,617 | ) |  |  | 3,279 |
Net (loss) income |  |  | (8,131 | ) |  |  | 20,617 |  |  |  | (11,317 | ) |  |  | 30,697 |
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests |  |  | 344 |  |  |  | 85 |  |  |  | 380 |  |  |  | 136 |
Net (loss) income attributable to Alico, Inc. common stockholders |  | $ | (7,787 | ) |  | $ | 20,702 |  |  | $ | (10,937 | ) |  | $ | 30,833 |
Per share information attributable to Alico, Inc. common stockholders: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Earnings per common share: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic |  | $ | (1.02 | ) |  | $ | 2.74 |  |  | $ | (1.44 | ) |  | $ | 4.09 |
Diluted |  | $ | (1.02 | ) |  | $ | 2.74 |  |  | $ | (1.44 | ) |  | $ | 4.08 |
Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic |  |  | 7,599 |  |  |  | 7,552 |  |  |  | 7,596 |  |  |  | 7,543 |
Diluted |  |  | 7,599 |  |  |  | 7,556 |  |  |  | 7,596 |  |  |  | 7,548 |
Cash dividends declared per common share |  | $ | 0.05 |  |  | $ | 0.50 |  |  | $ | 0.10 |  |  | $ | 1.00 |

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

2

ALICO, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY (UNAUDITED)

(in thousands)

For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Additional |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Total |  |  | Non- |  |  |  |
|  | Common stock |  |  | Paid In |  |  | Treasury |  |  | Retained |  |  | Alico, Inc. |  |  | controlling |  |  | Total |
|  | Shares |  |  | Amount |  |  | Capital |  |  | Stock |  |  | Earnings |  |  | Equity |  |  | Interest |  |  | Equity |
Balance at December 31, 2022 |  |  | 8,416 |  |  | $ | 8,416 |  |  | $ | 19,943 |  |  | $ | (27,802 | ) |  | $ | 239,960 |  |  | $ | 240,517 |  |  | $ | 5,087 |  |  | $ | 245,604 |
Net loss |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (7,787 | ) |  |  | (7,787 | ) |  |  | (344 | ) |  |  | (8,131 | )
Dividends ($0.05/share) |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (380 | ) |  |  | (380 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (380 | )
Stock-based compensation: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Directors |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (30 | ) |  |  | 186 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 156 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 156 |
Executives and Managers |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 72 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 72 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 72 |
Balance at March 31, 2023 |  |  | 8,416 |  |  | $ | 8,416 |  |  | $ | 19,985 |  |  | $ | (27,616 | ) |  | $ | 231,793 |  |  | $ | 232,578 |  |  | $ | 4,743 |  |  | $ | 237,321 |

For the Six Months Ended March 31, 2023 |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Additional |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Total |  |  | Non- |  |  |  |
|  | Common stock |  |  | Paid In |  |  | Treasury |  |  | Retained |  |  | Alico, Inc. |  |  | controlling |  |  | Total |
|  | Shares |  |  | Amount |  |  | Capital |  |  | Stock |  |  | Earnings |  |  | Equity |  |  | Interest |  |  | Equity |
Balance at September 30, 2022 |  |  | 8,416 |  |  | $ | 8,416 |  |  | $ | 19,784 |  |  | $ | (27,948 | ) |  | $ | 243,490 |  |  | $ | 243,742 |  |  | $ | 5,123 |  |  | $ | 248,865 |
Net loss |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (10,937 | ) |  |  | (10,937 | ) |  |  | (380 | ) |  |  | (11,317 | )
Dividends ($0.10/share) |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (760 | ) |  |  | (760 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (760 | )
Stock-based compensation: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Directors |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (18 | ) |  |  | 331 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 313 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 313 |
Executives and Managers |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 163 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 163 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 163 |
Employees |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 56 |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 57 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 57 |
Balance at March 31, 2023 |  |  | 8,416 |  |  | $ | 8,416 |  |  | $ | 19,985 |  |  | $ | (27,616 | ) |  | $ | 231,793 |  |  | $ | 232,578 |  |  | $ | 4,743 |  |  | $ | 237,321 |

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

3

ALICO, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY (UNAUDITED)

(in thousands)

For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Additional |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Total |  |  | Non- |  |  |  |
|  | Common stock |  |  | Paid In |  |  | Treasury |  |  | Retained |  |  | Alico, Inc. |  |  | controlling |  |  | Total |
|  | Shares |  |  | Amount |  |  | Capital |  |  | Stock |  |  | Earnings |  |  | Equity |  |  | Interest |  |  | Equity |
Balance at December 31, 2021 (Restated) |  |  | 8,416 |  |  | $ | 8,416 |  |  | $ | 20,080 |  |  | $ | (29,399 | ) |  | $ | 252,524 |  |  | $ | 251,621 |  |  | $ | 5,351 |  |  | $ | 256,972 |
Net income (loss) |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 20,702 |  |  |  | 20,702 |  |  |  | (85 | ) |  |  | 20,617 |
Dividends ($0.50/share) |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (3,776 | ) |  |  | (3,776 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (3,776 | )
Stock-based compensation: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Directors |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 27 |  |  |  | 142 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 169 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 169 |
Executives and Managers |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 59 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 59 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 59 |
Employees |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (203 | ) |  |  | 230 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 27 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 27 |
Balance at March 31, 2022 (Restated) |  |  | 8,416 |  |  | $ | 8,416 |  |  | $ | 19,963 |  |  | $ | (29,027 | ) |  | $ | 269,450 |  |  | $ | 268,802 |  |  | $ | 5,266 |  |  | $ | 274,068 |

For the Six Months Ended March 31, 2022 |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Additional |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Total |  |  | Non- |  |  |  |
|  | Common stock |  |  | Paid In |  |  | Treasury |  |  | Retained |  |  | Alico, Inc. |  |  | controlling |  |  | Total |
|  | Shares |  |  | Amount |  |  | Capital |  |  | Stock |  |  | Earnings |  |  | Equity |  |  | Interest |  |  | Equity |
Balance at September 30, 2021 (Restated) |  |  | 8,416 |  |  | $ | 8,416 |  |  | $ | 19,989 |  |  | $ | (29,853 | ) |  | $ | 246,163 |  |  | $ | 244,715 |  |  | $ | 5,402 |  |  | $ | 250,117 |
Net income (loss) |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 30,833 |  |  |  | 30,833 |  |  |  | (136 | ) |  |  | 30,697 |
Dividends ($1.00/share) |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (7,546 | ) |  |  | (7,546 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (7,546 | )
Exercise of stock options |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 15 |  |  |  | 155 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 170 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 170 |
Stock-based compensation: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Directors |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 50 |  |  |  | 298 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 348 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 348 |
Executives and Managers |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 112 |  |  |  | 143 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 255 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 255 |
Employees |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (203 | ) |  |  | 230 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 27 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 27 |
Balance at March 31, 2022 (Restated) |  |  | 8,416 |  |  | $ | 8,416 |  |  | $ | 19,963 |  |  | $ | (29,027 | ) |  | $ | 269,450 |  |  | $ | 268,802 |  |  | $ | 5,266 |  |  | $ | 274,068 |

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

4

ALICO, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEME NTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)

(in thousands)

|  | Six Months Ended March 31, |
|  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities: |  |  |  |  |  |
Net (loss) income |  | $ | (11,317 | ) |  | $ | 30,697 |
Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash (used in) provided by operating activities: |  |  |  |  |  |
Depreciation, depletion and amortization |  |  | 7,847 |  |  |  | 7,668 |
Debt issue costs expense |  |  | 71 |  |  |  | 85 |
Gain on sale of real estate, property and equipment and assets held for sale |  |  | (4,763 | ) |  |  | (35,049 | )
Loss on disposal of long-lived assets |  |  | 4,032 |  |  |  | 909 |
Inventory net realizable value adjustment |  |  | 1,616 |  |  |  | — |
Deferred income tax benefit |  |  | 52 |  |  |  | (4,746 | )
Stock-based compensation expense |  |  | 533 |  |  |  | 630 |
Other |  |  | 18 |  |  |  | — |
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |
Accounts receivable |  |  | (8,646 | ) |  |  | (6,422 | )
Inventories |  |  | 2,659 |  |  |  | 10,194 |
Prepaid expenses |  |  | (10 | ) |  |  | (74 | )
Income tax receivable |  |  | (1,739 | ) |  |  | 3,233 |
Other assets |  |  | 211 |  |  |  | (653 | )
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities |  |  | 2,681 |  |  |  | (2,015 | )
Income taxes payable |  |  | — |  |  |  | 4,072 |
Other liabilities |  |  | (355 | ) |  |  | 269 |
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities |  |  | (7,110 | ) |  |  | 8,798 |
Cash flows from investing activities: |  |  |  |  |  |
Purchases of property and equipment |  |  | (8,445 | ) |  |  | (10,428 | )
Acquisition of citrus groves |  |  | (29 | ) |  |  | (136 | )
Net proceeds from sale of real estate, property and equipment and assets held for sale |  |  | 4,927 |  |  |  | 36,657 |
Notes receivable |  |  | (570 | ) |  |  | — |
Change in deposits on purchase of citrus trees |  |  | 6 |  |  |  | (95 | )
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities |  |  | (4,111 | ) |  |  | 25,998 |
Cash flows from financing activities: |  |  |  |  |  |
Repayments on revolving lines of credit |  |  | (24,995 | ) |  |  | (46,470 | )
Borrowings on revolving lines of credit |  |  | 41,189 |  |  |  | 46,470 |
Principal payments on term loans |  |  | (1,517 | ) |  |  | (2,143 | )
Exercise of stock options |  |  | — |  |  |  | 170 |
Dividends paid |  |  | (4,173 | ) |  |  | (7,533 | )
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities |  |  | 10,504 |  |  |  | (9,506 | )
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash |  |  | (717 | ) |  |  | 25,290 |
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of the period |  |  | 865 |  |  |  | 886 |
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of the period |  | $ | 148 |  |  | $ | 26,176 |

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

5

ALICO, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED F INANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

Note 1. Description of Business and Basis of Presentation

Description of Business

Alico, Inc., together with its subsidiaries (collectively, “Alico”, the “Company”, “we”, “us” or “our”), is a Florida agribusiness and land management company owning approximately 73,000 acres of land and approximately 90,000 acres of mineral rights throughout Florida. Alico holds these mineral rights on substantially all its owned acres, with additional mineral rights on other acres. The Company manages its land based upon its primary usage, and reviews its performance based upon two primary classifications: (i) Alico Citrus and (ii) Land Management and Other Operations. Financial results are presented based upon these two business segments.

Basis of Presentation

The Company has prepared the accompanying financial statements on a condensed consolidated basis. These accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements, which are referred to herein as the “Financial Statements,” have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) and pursuant to Article 10-01 of Regulation S-X of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) for interim financial information. These Financial Statements do not include all the disclosures required for complete annual financial statements and, accordingly, certain information, footnotes and disclosures normally included in annual financial statements, prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP, have been condensed or omitted in accordance with SEC rules and regulations. Accordingly, the Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with the Company's audited Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2022, as filed with the SEC on December 13, 2022.

The Financial Statements presented in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are unaudited. However, in the opinion of management, such Financial Statements include all adjustments, consisting solely of normal recurring adjustments, necessary to present fairly the financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented in conformity with U.S. GAAP applicable to interim periods.

Operating results for the interim periods presented are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the current fiscal year ending September 30, 2023.

During the audit of our financial statements for the period ending September 30, 2022, the Company discovered an error in the calculation of the deferred tax liabilities for the fiscal years 2015 through 2019. As disclosed in the Company’s audited Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2022, this error was corrected and resulted in a cumulative increase in the Company’s Retained Earnings of approximately $2,512,000. As a result, the Retained Earnings balances at September 30, 2021, December 31, 2021, and March 31, 2022 are captioned as Restated in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity (Unaudited).

Segments

Operating segments are defined in the criteria established under the Financial Accounting Standards Board - Accounting Standards Codification (“FASB ASC”) Topic 280 as components of public entities that engage in business activities from which they may earn revenues and incur expenses for which separate financial information is available and which is evaluated regularly by the Company’s chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) in deciding how to assess performance and allocate resources. The Company’s CODM assesses performance and allocates resources based on two operating segments: (i) Alico Citrus and (ii) Land Management and Other Operations.

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Principles of Consolidation

The Financial Statements include the accounts of Alico and the accounts of all the subsidiaries in which a controlling interest is held by the Company. Under U.S. GAAP, consolidation is generally required for investments of more than 50% of the outstanding voting stock of an investee, except when control is not held by the majority owner. The Company’s subsidiaries include: Alico Land Development, Inc., Alico-Agri, Ltd., Alico Plant World, LLC, Alico Fruit Company, LLC, Alico Citrus Nursery, LLC, Alico Chemical Sales, LLC, 734 Citrus Holdings, LLC and subsidiaries ( “Silver Nip”), Alico Skink Mitigation, LLC and Citree Holdings 1, LLC (“Citree”). The Company considers the criteria established under FASB ASC Topic 810, “Consolidations” in its consolidation process. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates, judgments and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as of the date of the accompanying Financial Statements, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities in the Financial Statements and the accompanying Notes, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses and cash flows during the periods presented. Actual results could differ from those estimates. The Company evaluates estimates on an ongoing basis. The estimates are based on current and expected economic conditions, historical experience, the experience and judgment of the Company’s management and various other specific assumptions that the Company believes to be reasonable.

Revenue Recognition

Revenues are derived from the sale of processed fruit, fresh fruit, other citrus revenue, revenues from grove management services, leasing revenue and other resource revenues. Most of the revenue is generated from the sale of citrus fruit to processing facilities, fresh fruit sales and grove management services.

For fruit sales, the Company recognizes revenue in the amount it expects to be entitled to be paid, determined when control of the products or services is transferred to its customers, which occurs upon delivery of and acceptance of the fruit by the customer and when the Company has a right to payment.

For the sale of fruit, the Company has identified one performance obligation, which is the delivery of fruit to the processing facility of the customer (or harvesting of the citrus in the case of fresh fruit) for each separate variety of fruit identified in the respective contract with the respective customer. The Company initially recognizes revenue in an amount which is estimated based on contractual and market prices, if such market price falls within the range (known as “floor” and “ceiling” prices) identified in the specific respective contracts. Additionally, the Company also has a contractual agreement whereby revenue is determined based on applying a cost-plus structure methodology. As such, since all these contracts contain elements of variable consideration, the Company recognizes this variable consideration by using the expected value method. On a quarterly basis, management reviews the reasonableness of the revenues accrued based on buyers’ and processors’ advances to growers, cash and futures markets and experience in the industry. Adjustments are made throughout the year to these estimates as more current relevant industry information becomes available. Differences between the estimates and the final realization of revenues at the close of the harvesting season can result in either an increase or decrease to reported revenues.

Receivables under contracts, whereby pricing is based on contractual and market prices, are primarily paid at the floor amount and are collected within seven days after the harvest week. Any adjustments to pricing as a result of changes in market prices are generally collected or paid thirty to sixty days after final market pricing is published. Receivables under those contracts where pricing is based off a cost-plus structure methodology are paid at the final prior year rate. Any adjustments to pricing because of the cost-plus calculation are collected or paid upon finalization of the calculation and agreement by both parties. As of March 31, 2023, and September 30, 2022, the Company had total receivables relating to sales of citrus of approximately $8,738,000 and $124,000, respectively, recorded in Accounts Receivable, net, in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

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For grove management services, the Company has identified one performance obligation, which is the management of the third party’s groves. Grove management services include caretaking of the citrus groves, harvesting and hauling of citrus, management and coordination of citrus sales and other related activities. The Company is reimbursed for expenses incurred in the execution of its management duties and the Company receives a per acre management fee. The Company recognizes operating revenue, including a management fee, and corresponding operating expenses when such services are rendered and consumed.

In June 2022, the Company was notified by a group of third-party grove owners, who are affiliated with each other, for which the Company was managing groves that such third-party grove owners were terminating the property management agreement dated as of July 16, 2020 with the Company as such third-party grove owners decided to exit the citrus business. As a result, all services relating to this caretaking management initiative and the accompanying management fee and reimbursed costs associated with performing caretaking management services ceased as of June 10, 2022.

The Company recorded approximately $0 and $7,200,000 of operating revenue relating to these grove management services, including the management fee, in the six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, for this group of third-party grove owners noted above. The Company recorded approximately $0 and $6,700,000 of operating expenses relating to these grove management services in the six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, for this group of third-party grove owners noted above.

Disaggregated Revenue

Revenues disaggregated by significant products and services for the three and six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 are as follows:

(in thousands) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | Three Months Ended March 31, |  |  | Six Months Ended March 31, |
|  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |
Alico Citrus |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Early and Mid-Season |  | $ | 2,368 |  |  | $ | 17,909 |  |  | $ | 11,954 |  |  | $ | 28,287 |
Valencias |  |  | 17,930 |  |  |  | 25,854 |  |  |  | 17,930 |  |  |  | 25,854 |
Fresh Fruit |  |  | 74 |  |  |  | 350 |  |  |  | 522 |  |  |  | 1,229 |
Grove Management Services |  |  | 362 |  |  |  | 4,416 |  |  |  | 551 |  |  |  | 7,834 |
Other |  |  | 203 |  |  |  | 503 |  |  |  | 248 |  |  |  | 576 |
Total |  | $ | 20,937 |  |  | $ | 49,032 |  |  | $ | 31,205 |  |  | $ | 63,780 |
Land Management and Other Operations |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Land and Other Leasing |  | $ | 273 |  |  | $ | 442 |  |  | $ | 554 |  |  | $ | 970 |
Other |  |  | 84 |  |  |  | 167 |  |  |  | 123 |  |  |  | 228 |
Total |  | $ | 357 |  |  | $ | 609 |  |  | $ | 677 |  |  | $ | 1,198 |
Total Revenues |  | $ | 21,294 |  |  | $ | 49,641 |  |  | $ | 31,882 |  |  | $ | 64,978 |

Noncontrolling Interest in Consolidated Subsidiary

The Financial Statements include all assets and liabilities of the less-than-100%-owned subsidiary the Company controls, Citree. Accordingly, the Company has recorded a noncontrolling interest in the equity of such entity. Citree had a net loss of approximately $703,000 and approximately $174,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and a net loss of approximately $776,000 and approximately $278,000 for the six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, of which 51% is attributable to the Company.

8

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting, which provides temporary optional expedients and exceptions for applying generally accepted accounting principles to contracts, hedging relationships and other transactions affected by reference rate reform. The Company’s floating rate notes and variable funding notes have historically borne interest at fluctuating interest rates based on LIBOR. Because LIBOR will cease to exist, the Company renegotiated its variable rate loan agreements, to instead utilize fluctuating interest rates based on the 30 day Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR), some with the change having taken effect in late fiscal year 2022, and one with the change having taken effect in early fiscal year 2023. ASU 2020-04 was effective March 12, 2020 through December 31, 2022. In December 2022, the FASB issued ASU 2022-06, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Deferral of the Sunset Date of Topic 848, to extend the sunset date from December 31, 2022 to December 31, 2024. The Company is currently assessing the impact of adopting this standard and the impact on its condensed consolidated financial statements.

The Company has reviewed other recently issued accounting standards which have not yet been adopted to determine their potential effect, if any, on the results of operations or financial condition. Based on the review of these other recently issued standards, the Company does not currently believe that any of those accounting pronouncements will have a significant effect on its current or future financial position, results of operations, cash flows or disclosures.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes” (“ASU 2019-12”), which simplifies the accounting for income taxes by removing certain exceptions to the general principles in the existing guidance for income taxes and making other minor improvements. The Company adopted ASU 2019-12 effective October 1, 2021, and the adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.

The COVID-19 Pandemic

Measures imposed by federal, state, and local governments throughout the United States in response to the COVID-19 Pandemic had a significant adverse impact upon many sectors of the economy, including certain agriculture businesses. While epidemiological conditions in the United States have improved as of March 31, 2023, and certain restrictions on social and commercial activity have been relaxed, a resurgence of the virus, such as variant BA.5, could cause epidemiological and macroeconomic conditions to deteriorate and more severe restrictions to be put in place. It is not possible for the Company to predict the duration or magnitude of any adverse effects due to a resurgence at this time. We will continue to monitor the COVID-19 pandemic and its impacts on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

To date, the Company has experienced no material adverse impacts from this pandemic.

Reclassifications

Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified in the accompanying Financial Statements for consistent presentation to the current period. These reclassifications had no impact on net income, equity, cash flows or working capital as previously reported.

Seasonality

The Company is primarily engaged in the production of fruit for sale to citrus markets, which is of a seasonal nature, and subject to the influence of natural phenomena and wide price fluctuations. Historically, the second and third quarters of Alico's fiscal year produce most of the Company's annual revenue. Working capital requirements are typically greater in the first and fourth quarters of the fiscal year, coinciding with harvesting cycles. Because of the seasonality of the business, results for any quarter are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be achieved for the full fiscal year.

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Note 2. Inventories

Inventories consist of the following at March 31, 2023 and September 30, 2022:

(in thousands) |  | March 31, |  |  | September 30, |
|  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |
Unharvested fruit crop on the trees |  | $ | 22,017 |  |  | $ | 26,717 |
Other |  |  | 1,390 |  |  |  | 965 |
Total inventories |  | $ | 23,407 |  |  | $ | 27,682 |

The Company records its inventory at the lower of cost or net realizable value. For the six months ended March 31, 2023 and the fiscal year ended September 30, 2022, the Company recorded approximately $1,616,000 and approximately $6,676,000, respectively, for adjustments to reduce inventory to net realizable value, as a result of the impact of Hurricane Ian, which adversely impacted the Company’s unharvested citrus crop as of March 31, 2023 and September 30, 2022.

The Company, for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2022, recorded a casualty loss to reduce the carrying value of the unharvested fruit crop on trees inventory by approximately $14,900,000. No additional casualty loss was recorded for the six months ended March 31, 2023.

In the three and six months ended March 31, 2023, the Company received insurance proceeds relating to Hurricane Ian of approximately $4,759,000 for crop claims, which have been recorded in operating expenses. The Company has additional crop insurance claims outstanding and is awaiting determination of the additional proceeds to be received.

The Company was eligible for Hurricane Irma federal relief programs for block grants that were being administered through the State of Florida. During the fiscal years ended September 30, 2022, 2021 and 2020, the Company received approximately $1,123,000, $4,299,000 and $4,629,000, respectively, under the Florida Citrus Recovery Block Grant (“CRBG”) program. The Company received the remaining portion during the first quarter ended December 31, 2022, of approximately $1,266,000. These federal relief proceeds are included as a reduction to operating expenses in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

In December 2022, the Consolidated Appropriations Act was signed into law by the federal government; however, the details of the mechanism and funding of any Hurricane Ian relief still remain unclear and, if available, the extent to which the Company will be eligible. The Company intends to take advantage of any such available programs as and when they become available. The Company is currently working with Florida Citrus Mutual, the industry trade group, and government agencies on the federal relief programs available as part of the Consolidated Appropriations Act.

Note 3. Assets Held for Sale

In accordance with its strategy to dispose of non-core and under-performing assets, the following assets have been classified as assets held for sale at March 31, 2023 and September 30, 2022:

(in thousands) |  | Carrying Value |
|  | March 31, |  |  | September 30, |
|  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |
Ranch |  | $ | 159 |  |  | $ | 205 |
Total assets held for sale |  | $ | 159 |  |  | $ | 205 |

During the second quarter 2023, the company sold approximately 279 acres to various third parties for approximately $1,596,000 and recognized a gain of approximately $1,500,000.

During the first quarter 2023, the company sold approximately 609 acres to various third parties for approximately $3,300,000 and recognized a gain of approximately $3,200,000. One of these sales transactions was a sale of approximately 85 acres to Mr. John E. Kiernan, the Company’s President and CEO, on October 20, 2022, for approximately $438,900 ($5,161 per acre). On

10

January 1, 2022, Mr. Kiernan entered into a Hunting Lease Agreement and Real Estate Purchase and Sale Option Agreement, with the Company (the “Kiernan Lease Agreement”). Under the Kiernan Lease Agreement, the Company was leasing what was originally estimated to be approximately 93 acres of Company owned, largely unimproved land (the “Land”) to Mr. Kiernan for a three-year term commencing on January 1, 2022, and ending on January 1, 2025, and with a yearly rent of $1,860. Additionally, under the terms of the Kiernan Lease Agreement, the Company had granted to Mr. Kiernan an option to purchase the Land from the Company, exercisable only during the one-year period January 1, 2022 through January 1, 2023, and at a price of $480,000 ($5,161 per acre), which price was based on an independent appraisal obtained by the Company and dated as of November 11, 2021. On August 26, 2022, Mr. Kiernan exercised his option to purchase the Land. Pursuant to exercise of the option, the Company sold what turned out to be a parcel of approximately 85 acres to Mr. Kiernan.

On May 31, 2022, the Company sold approximately 400 acres of Alico Ranch to a third party for approximately $1,900,000 and recognized a gain of $1,700,000.

During April 2022, the Company sold approximately 788 acres from the Alico Ranch to third parties for approximately $4,100,000 and recognized a gain of approximately $3,900,000. One of these sales transactions, consisting of approximately 142 acres, was sold to an employee of the Company for approximately $651,000.

On March 15, 2022, the Company sold approximately 6,286 acres from the Alico Ranch to third parties for approximately $28,288,000 and recognized a gain of approximately $26,554,000.

On December 3, 2021, the State of Florida purchased, under the Florida Forever program, approximately 1,638 acres of the Alico Ranch for approximately $5,675,000 pursuant to an option agreement entered into between the State of Florida and the Company. The Company recognized a gain of approximately $5,570,000.

During November 2021, the Company sold approximately 302 acres from the Alico Ranch to various third parties for approximately $1,458,000 and recognized a gain of approximately $1,400,000.

Note 4. Property and Equipment, Net

Property and equipment, net consists of the following at March 31, 2023 and September 30, 2022:

(in thousands) |  | March 31, |  |  | September 30, |
|  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |
Citrus trees |  | $ | 330,884 |  |  | $ | 329,582 |
Equipment and other facilities |  |  | 58,773 |  |  |  | 58,021 |
Buildings and improvements |  |  | 7,081 |  |  |  | 7,374 |
Total depreciable properties |  |  | 396,738 |  |  |  | 394,977 |
Less: accumulated depreciation and depletion |  |  | (141,139 | ) |  |  | (135,990 | )
Net depreciable properties |  |  | 255,599 |  |  |  | 258,987 |
Land and land improvements |  |  | 113,502 |  |  |  | 113,492 |
Property and equipment, net |  | $ | 369,101 |  |  | $ | 372,479 |

For the six months ended March 31, 2023 and fiscal year ended September 30, 2022, the Company did no t record any impairments.

The Company recorded a casualty loss of approximately $1,400,000 for the year ended September 30, 2022 with respect to one of its groves, which sustained tree loss of approximately $1,300,000, and damage to one of its buildings of approximately $100,000, as a direct result of Hurricane Ian.

In connection with the State of Florida’s condemnation of a certain portion of Alico’s property in October 2021, the Company received approximately $1,450,000, all of which was recognized as a gain.

11

Note 5. Long-Term Debt and Lines of Credit

The following table summarizes long-term debt and related deferred financing costs, net of accumulated amortization at March 31, 2023 and September 30, 2022:

|  | March 31, 2023 |  |  | September 30, 2022 |
(in thousands) |  | Principal |  |  | Deferred Financing Costs, Net |  |  | Principal |  |  | Deferred Financing Costs, Net |
Long-term debt, net of current portion: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Met Fixed-Rate Term Loans |  | $ | 70,000 |  |  | $ | 392 |  |  | $ | 70,000 |  |  | $ | 435 |
Met Variable-Rate Term Loans |  |  | 19,094 |  |  |  | 102 |  |  |  | 19,906 |  |  |  | 113 |
Met Citree Term Loan |  |  | 3,888 |  |  |  | 25 |  |  |  | 4,013 |  |  |  | 27 |
Pru Loans A & B |  |  | 12,197 |  |  |  | 165 |  |  |  | 12,777 |  |  |  | 173 |
|  |  | 105,179 |  |  |  | 684 |  |  |  | 106,696 |  |  |  | 748 |
Less current portion |  |  | 1,629 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 3,035 |  |  |  | — |
Long-term debt |  | $ | 103,550 |  |  | $ | 684 |  |  | $ | 103,661 |  |  | $ | 748 |

The following table summarizes lines of credit and related deferred financing costs, net of accumulated amortization at March 31, 2023 and September 30, 2022:

|  | March 31, 2023 |  |  | September 30, 2022 |
(in thousands) |  | Principal |  |  | Deferred Financing Costs, Net |  |  | Principal |  |  | Deferred Financing Costs, Net |
Lines of Credit: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
RLOC |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 104 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 110 |
WCLC |  |  | 21,122 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 4,928 |  |  |  | — |
Lines of Credit |  | $ | 21,122 |  |  | $ | 104 |  |  | $ | 4,928 |  |  | $ | 110 |

Future maturities of long-term debt and lines of credit as of March 31, 2023 are as follows:

(in thousands) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  |  |  |  |  | March 31, 2023 |
Due within one year |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 1,629 |
Due between one and two years |  |  |  |  |  |  | 3,035 |
Due between two and three years |  |  |  |  |  |  | 24,157 |
Due between three and four years |  |  |  |  |  |  | 3,035 |
Due between four and five years |  |  |  |  |  |  | 3,035 |
Due beyond five years |  |  |  |  |  |  | 91,410 |
Total future maturities |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 126,301 |

Interest costs expensed and capitalized were as follows:

(in thousands) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | Three Months Ended March 31, |  |  | Six Months Ended March 31, |
|  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |
Interest expense |  | $ | 1,274 |  |  | $ | 870 |  |  | $ | 2,422 |  |  | $ | 1,771 |
Interest capitalized |  |  | 333 |  |  |  | 328 |  |  |  | 614 |  |  |  | 631 |
Total |  | $ | 1,607 |  |  | $ | 1,198 |  |  | $ | 3,036 |  |  | $ | 2,402 |

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Debt

The Company's credit facilities consist of (i) fixed interest rate term loans originally in the amount of $125,000,000 (“Met Fixed-Rate Term Loans”), (ii) prior to the satisfaction of one such loan, variable interest rate term loans originally in the amount of $57,500,000 (“Met Variable-Rate Term Loans”), (iii) a $25,000,000 revolving line of credit (“RLOC”) with Metropolitan Life Insurance Company and New England Life Insurance Company (collectively “Met”), and (iv) a $70,000,000 working capital line of credit (“WCLC”) with Rabo Agrifinance, Inc. (“Rabo”).

The term loans and RLOC are secured by real property. The security for the term loans and RLOC consists of approximately 38,200 gross acres of citrus groves. The WCLC is collateralized by the Company’s current assets and certain other personal property owned by the Company.

Initially, the Met Fixed-Rate Term Loans were subject to quarterly principal payments of $1,562,500 and bore interest at 4.15% per annum. Effective May 1, 2021, the Company modified its Met Fixed-Rate Term Loans, which, in the aggregate, have a balance of $70,000,000 after the prepayment of $10,312,500 made in April 2021, to be interest-only with a balloon payment to be paid at maturity on November 1, 2029. The interest rate on these Met Fixed-Rate Term Loans, which were bearing interest at 4.15%, was adjusted to 3.85%. As part of this modification, the Company no longer has the prepayment option previously allowed under the arrangement.

The Met Variable-Rate Term Loans are subject to quarterly principal payments of $406,250 and historically bore an interest rate equal to 90-day LIBOR plus 165 basis points (the “LIBOR spread”). Effective February 17, 2023, the Company agreed to defer the next three quarterly principal payments which were previously due May 2023, August 2023 and November 2023 to the maturity date of the loan. For the fiscal year ended September 30, 2022, the LIBOR rate was effective from October 1, 2021 through July 31, 2022.The LIBOR spread was subject to adjustment by Met beginning May 1, 2017 and was subject to further adjustment every two years thereafter until maturity. No adjustment was made at May 1, 2019, or at May 1, 2021. Effective August 1, 2022, the interest rate was renegotiated to the One Month Term Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) plus 175 basis points (the “SOFR spread”). The SOFR spread is subject to adjustment by Met every 2 years beginning May 1, 2023, until maturity. Interest on the term loans is payable quarterly. The interest rates on the Met Variable-Rate Term Loans were 6.42% per annum and 4.27% per annum, as of March 31, 2023 and September 30, 2022, respectively. The Met Variable-Rate Term Loans mature on November 1, 2029.

With respect to the RLOC, for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2022, the LIBOR-based rate was effective from October 1, 2021 through July 31, 2022 and bore interest at a floating rate equal to 90-day LIBOR plus 165 basis points, payable quarterly. Effective August 1, 2022, the LIBOR-based rate was renegotiated to SOFR plus 175 basis points. The SOFR spread is subject to adjustment by lender every 2 years beginning May 1, 2023, until maturity. The LIBOR spread was adjusted by Met on May 1, 2017 and was subject to further adjustment every two years thereafter. No adjustment was made on May 1, 2019 or on May 1, 2021. In October 2019, the RLOC agreement was modified to extend the maturity to November 1, 2029. The RLOC is subject to an annual commitment fee of 25 basis points on the unused portion of the line of credit. The RLOC is available for funding general corporate needs. The variable interest rate was 6.42% per annum and 4.27% per annum as of March 31, 2023 and September 30, 2022, respectively. Availability under the RLOC was $25,000,000 as of March 31, 2023 and September 30, 2022, respectively.

The WCLC is a revolving credit facility and is available for funding working capital and general corporate requirements. The interest rate on the WCLC was based on the one-month LIBOR, plus a spread, which was adjusted quarterly, based on the Company’s debt service coverage ratio for the preceding quarter and can vary from 175 to 250 basis points. T he WCLC agreement was amended on October 27, 2022, and the primary terms of the amendment were an extension of the maturity to November 1, 2025, and the conversion of the interest rate from LIBOR plus a spread to SOFR plus a spread, which spread is adjusted quarterly, based on the Company’s debt service coverage ratio for the preceding quarter and can vary from 175 to 250 basis points. There were no changes to the commitment amount. The variable interest rate was 6.42% at March 31, 2023 (representing the rate based

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on SOFR) and the interest rate at September 30, 2022 was 4.31% per annum (representing the rate based upon LIBOR plus 175 basis points). The WCLC agreement provides for Rabo to issue up to $2,000,000 in letters of credit on the Company’s behalf, of which $248,000 was outstanding as of March 31, 2023, which correspondingly reduced the Company's availability under the line of credit.

The WCLC is subject to a quarterly commitment fee on the daily unused availability under the line computed as the commitment amount less the aggregate of the outstanding loans and outstanding letters of credit. The commitment fee is adjusted quarterly based on Alico's debt service coverage ratio for the preceding quarter and can vary from a minimum of 20 basis points to a maximum of 30 basis points. Commitment fees to date have been charged at 20 basis points.

There was approximately $21,122,000 and $4,928,000 outstanding on the WCLC at March 31, 2023 and September 30, 2022, respectively. Availability under the WCLC was approximately $48,630,000 and $64,762,000 as of March 31, 2023 and September 30, 2022, respectively.

In 2014, the Company capitalized approximately $2,834,000 of debt financing costs related to a refinancing and approximately $339,000 of costs related to the retired debt. Additionally, financing costs of approximately $23,000 were incurred in the fiscal year ended September 30, 2020 in connection with the letters of credit. During the three months ended June 30, 2022, the Company expensed approximately $94,000 in deferred financing costs related to the Met Variable-Rate Term Loan prepayment of approximately $15,625,000 on April 29, 2022. All costs are included in deferred financing costs and are being amortized to interest expense over the applicable terms of the obligations. The unamortized balance of deferred financing costs related to the financing above was approximately $597,000 and approximately $658,000 at March 31, 2023 and September 30, 2022, respectively.

These credit facilities noted above are subject to various covenants including the following financial covenants: (i) minimum debt service coverage ratio of 1.10 to 1.00; (ii) tangible net worth of at least $160,000,000 increased annually by 10% of consolidated net income for the preceding years, or approximately $174,462,000 for the year ended September 30, 2022; (iii) minimum current ratio of 1.50 to 1.00; (iv) debt to total assets ratio not greater than .625 to 1.00, and; (v) solely in the case of the WCLC, a limit on capital expenditures of $30,000,000 per fiscal year. As of March 31, 2023, the Company was in compliance with all of the financial covenants, except for the minimum debt service coverage ratio of 1.10 to 1.00, for which the Company obtained a waiver from the lender, Rabo, for the second quarter ended March 31, 2023.

Credit facilities also include a Met Life term loan collateralized by 1,200 gross acres of citrus grove owned by Citree (“Met Citree Loan”). This is a $5,000,000 credit facility that bears interest at a fixed rate of 5.28% per annum. Principal and interest payments are made on a quarterly basis. Effective February 17, 2023, the Company agreed to defer the next three quarterly principal payments which were previously due May 2023, August 2023 and November 2023 to the maturity date of the loan. At March 31, 2023 and September 30, 2022, there was an outstanding balance of $3,888,000 and $4,013,000, respectively. The loan matures in February 2029. The unamortized balance of deferred financing costs related to this loan was approximately $25,000 and $27,000 at March 31, 2023 and September 30, 2022, respectively.

Transition from LIBOR

On July 27, 2017, the United Kingdom’s Financial Conduct Authority (“FCA”), which regulates LIBOR, announced that it intended to phase out LIBOR. On November 30, 2020, ICE Benchmark Administration (“IBA”), the administrator of LIBOR, with the support of the United States Federal Reserve and the Financial Conduct Authority of the United Kingdom, announced plans to consult on ceasing publication of LIBOR on December 31, 2021 for only the one week and two-month LIBOR tenors, and on June 30, 2023 for all other LIBOR tenors. On March 5, 2021, the FCA confirmed that all LIBOR settings will either cease to be provided by any administrator or no longer be representative: (a) immediately after December 31, 2021, in the case of the one week and two-month U.S. dollar settings; and (b) immediately after June 30, 2023, in the case of the remaining U.S. dollar settings. The Alternative Reference Rate Committee, a committee convened by the Federal Reserve that includes major market

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participants, has proposed an alternative rate to replace U.S. Dollar LIBOR: the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR). On March 15, 2022, President Biden signed the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2022, which contains as part of its many provisions the Adjustable Interest Rate (LIBOR) Act providing for a transition from LIBOR to a SOFR based rate for certain legacy contracts which lack adequate fallback provisions. However, the LIBOR Act does not affect the Company because the Company has amended its LIBOR based loan documents to include benchmark replacement provisions (i.e., provisions based on SOFR).

Silver Nip Citrus Debt

Silver Nip Citrus entered into two initial fixed-rate term loans with Prudential Mortgage Capital Company (“Prudential”), with an original combined balance of $27,550,000, bearing interest at 5.35% per annum (“Pru Loans A & B”). Principal of $290,000 is payable quarterly, together with accrued interest. The loans are collateralized by approximately 5,700 acres of citrus groves in Collier, Hardee, Highlands and Polk Counties, Florida and mature on June 1, 2029 and June 1, 2033, respectively.

The Pru Loans A & B are subject to an annual financial covenant whereby the consolidated current ratio requirement is 1.00 to 1.00. Silver Nip Citrus was in compliance with the current ratio covenant as of March 31, 2023.

The unamortized balance of deferred financing costs related to the Silver Nip Citrus debt was approximately $165,000 and $173,000 at March 31, 2023 and September 30, 2022, respectively.

Note 6. Accrued Liabilities

Accrued liabilities consist of the following at March 31, 2023 and September 30, 2022:

(in thousands) |  | March 31, |  |  | September 30, |
|  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |
Ad valorem taxes |  | $ | 711 |  |  | $ | 2,024 |
Accrued interest |  |  | 1,012 |  |  |  | 764 |
Accrued employee wages and benefits |  |  | 1,214 |  |  |  | 1,713 |
Accrued dividends |  |  | 380 |  |  |  | 3,793 |
Accrued insurance |  |  | — |  |  |  | 345 |
Professional fees |  |  | 209 |  |  |  | 303 |
Other accrued liabilities |  |  | 259 |  |  |  | 120 |
Total accrued liabilities |  | $ | 3,785 |  |  | $ | 9,062 |

Note 7. Income Taxes

On March 27, 2020, President Trump signed into law the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (H.R. 748) (the “CARES Act”). Among the changes to the U.S. federal income tax rules, the CARES Act restored net operating loss carryback rules that were eliminated by the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, modified the limit on the deduction for net interest expense, and accelerated the timeframe for refunds of AMT credit carryovers. From a federal tax reporting standpoint, the Company had a federal tax net operating loss (“NOL”) in the amount of $2,390,415 for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2020 and, pursuant to the provisions of the CARES Act, Form 1139 was filed for the NOL carryback during fiscal year ended September 30, 2021, resulting in a refund of $580,314, which was received on May 31, 2022.

The Company’s Federal and State filings remain subject to examination by tax authorities for tax periods ending after September 30, 2018.

In December 2021, the Company sold 1,638 acres of land to the State of Florida at a price below market value, which resulted in a charitable contribution and related charitable deduction for tax purposes. The charitable contribution generated a tax benefit of approximately $6,300,000, however, the Company does not anticipate it will be able to realize the entire charitable deduction

15

before it expires in 2027. A valuation allowance of approximately $1,400,000 was initially recorded in December 2021 to partially offset the charitable contribution carryover deferred tax asset, resulting in a net benefit of approximately $4,900,000. During fiscal year ending September 2022, the Company utilized approximately $500,000 of the charitable contribution, leaving a charitable contribution carryover of $5,800,000. Also, as of September 2022, the valuation allowance increased to approximately $4,300,000 due to economic hardships from Hurricane Ian, resulting in a net benefit of approximately $1,500,000. For the year ending September 30, 2023, the valuation allowance is expected to increase by $449,000 due to the estimated realization of the charitable contribution carryover.

Note 8. Earnings Per Common Share

Basic earnings per share for Alico's common stock is calculated by dividing net (loss) income attributable to Alico, Inc. common stockholders by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding for the period. Diluted earnings per common share is similarly calculated, except that the calculation includes the dilutive effect of the assumed issuance of common shares issuable under equity-based compensation plans in accordance with the treasury stock method, except where the inclusion of such common shares would have an anti-dilutive impact.

For the three and six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, basic and diluted earnings per common share were as follows:

(in thousands except per share amounts) |  | Three Months Ended March 31, |  |  | Six Months Ended March 31, |
|  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |
Net (loss) income attributable to Alico, Inc. common stockholders |  | $ | (7,787 | ) |  | $ | 20,702 |  |  | $ | (10,937 | ) |  | $ | 30,833 |
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding – basic |  |  | 7,599 |  |  |  | 7,552 |  |  |  | 7,596 |  |  |  | 7,543 |
Dilutive effect of equity-based awards |  |  | — |  |  |  | 4 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 5 |
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding – diluted |  |  | 7,599 |  |  |  | 7,556 |  |  |  | 7,596 |  |  |  | 7,548 |
Net (loss) income per common share attributable to Alico, Inc. common stockholders: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic |  | $ | (1.02 | ) |  | $ | 2.74 |  |  | $ | (1.44 | ) |  | $ | 4.09 |
Diluted |  | $ | (1.02 | ) |  | $ | 2.74 |  |  | $ | (1.44 | ) |  | $ | 4.08 |

For the three and six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 there were no anti-dilutive equity awards excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per common share.

Common stock equivalents are not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share when the Company reports a loss because to do so would be anti-dilutive for periods presented, so only the basic weighted average number of common shares are used in the computations.

Note 9. Segment Information

Segments

Operating segments are defined in the criteria established under the FASB ASC Topic 280 as components of public entities that engage in business activities from which they may earn revenues and incur expenses for which separate financial information is available and which is evaluated regularly by the Company’s chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) in deciding how to assess performance and allocate resources. The Company’s CODM assesses performance and allocates resources based on two operating segments: Alico Citrus and Land Management and Other Operations.

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Total revenues represent sales and services rendered to unaffiliated customers, as reported in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. Goods produced by the Alico Citrus segment, as well as through the grove management services rendered by the Alico Citrus segment, are sold to wholesalers and processors in the United States who prepare the products for consumption. The Company evaluates the segments’ performance based on direct margins (gross profit) from operations before general and administrative expenses, interest expense, other income (expense) and income taxes, not including nonrecurring gains and losses.

Information by operating segment is as follows:

(in thousands) |  | Three Months Ended March 31, |  |  | Six Months Ended March 31, |
|  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |
Revenues: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Alico Citrus |  | $ | 20,937 |  |  | $ | 49,032 |  |  | $ | 31,205 |  |  | $ | 63,780 |
Land Management and Other Operations |  |  | 357 |  |  |  | 609 |  |  |  | 677 |  |  |  | 1,198 |
Total revenues |  |  | 21,294 |  |  |  | 49,641 |  |  |  | 31,882 |  |  |  | 64,978 |
Operating expenses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Alico Citrus |  |  | 27,520 |  |  |  | 45,490 |  |  |  | 41,815 |  |  |  | 58,876 |
Land Management and Other Operations |  |  | 102 |  |  |  | 152 |  |  |  | 196 |  |  |  | 292 |
Total operating expenses |  |  | 27,622 |  |  |  | 45,642 |  |  |  | 42,011 |  |  |  | 59,168 |
Gross (loss) profit: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Alico Citrus |  |  | (6,583 | ) |  |  | 3,542 |  |  |  | (10,610 | ) |  |  | 4,904 |
Land Management and Other Operations |  |  | 255 |  |  |  | 457 |  |  |  | 481 |  |  |  | 906 |
Total gross (loss) profit |  | $ | (6,328 | ) |  | $ | 3,999 |  |  | $ | (10,129 | ) |  | $ | 5,810 |
Depreciation, depletion and amortization: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Alico Citrus |  | $ | 3,777 |  |  | $ | 3,686 |  |  | $ | 7,604 |  |  | $ | 7,367 |
Land Management and Other Operations |  |  | 9 |  |  |  | 30 |  |  |  | 18 |  |  |  | 71 |
Other Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization |  |  | 111 |  |  |  | 116 |  |  |  | 225 |  |  |  | 230 |
Total depreciation, depletion and amortization |  | $ | 3,897 |  |  | $ | 3,832 |  |  | $ | 7,847 |  |  | $ | 7,668 |

(in thousands) |  |  |  |  |  | March 31, |  |  | September 30, |
|  |  |  |  |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |
Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Alico Citrus |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 398,357 |  |  | $ | 396,266 |
Land Management and Other Operations |  |  |  |  |  |  | 11,644 |  |  |  | 11,326 |
Other Corporate Assets |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,560 |  |  |  | 1,663 |
Total Assets |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 411,561 |  |  | $ | 409,255 |

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Note 10. Leases

The Company determines whether an arrangement is a lease at inception. The Company’s leases consist of operating lease arrangements for certain office space and IT facilities, and equipment leases. When these lease arrangements include lease and non-lease components, the Company accounts for lease components and non-lease components (e.g., common area maintenance) separately based on their relative standalone prices.

Any lease arrangements with an initial term of one year or less are not recorded on the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, and it recognizes lease cost for these lease arrangements on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Many lease arrangements provide the options to exercise one or more renewal terms or to terminate the lease arrangement. The Company includes these options when it will be reasonably certain to exercise them in the lease term used to establish the right-of-use assets and lease liabilities. Generally, lease agreements do not include an option to purchase the leased asset, residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants.

As most of our lease arrangements do not provide an implicit interest rate, the Company applies an incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the commencement date of the lease arrangement to determine the present value of lease payments.

No lease costs associated with finance leases and sale-leaseback transactions occurred and our lease income associated with lessor and sublease arrangements are not material to our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Our operating leases cost components are reported in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations as follows:

(in thousands) |  | Three Months Ended March 31, |  |  | Six Months Ended March 31, |
Operating lease components |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |
Operating leases costs recorded in general and administrative expenses |  | $ | 31 |  |  | $ | 41 |  |  | $ | 61 |  |  | $ | 78 |

The weighted-average remaining lease term and weighted-average discount rate for our operating leases are as follows:

|  |  |  |  |  | March 31, 2023 |
Weighted-average remaining lease term |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1.44 years |
Weighted-average discount rate |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1.81 | %

Note 11. Stockholders’ Equity

Effective January 27, 2015, the Company’s Board of Directors adopted the 2015 Stock Incentive Plan (the “2015 Plan”) which provides for up to 1,250,000 common shares available for issuance to provide a long-term incentive plan for officers, employees, directors and/or consultants to directly link incentives to stockholder value. The 2015 Plan was approved by the Company’s stockholders in February 2015. The Company’s 2015 Plan provides for grants to executives in various forms including restricted shares of the Company’s common stock and stock options. Awards are discretionary and are determined by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors. Awards vest based upon service conditions. Non-vested restricted shares generally vest over requisite service periods of one to six years from the date of grant.

The Company recognizes stock-based compensation expense for (i) Board of Directors fees (generally paid in treasury stock), and (ii) other awards under the 2015 Plan (paid in restricted stock and stock options). Stock-based compensation expense is recognized in general and administrative expenses in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Stock Compensation - Board of Directors

The Board of Directors can either elect to receive stock compensation or cash for their fees for services provided. Stock-based compensation expense relating to the Board of Directors fees was approximately $156,000 and $169,000 for the three months

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ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and $313,000 and $348,000 for the six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Restricted Stock

Stock compensation expense related to the Restricted Stock was approximately $61,000 and $191,000 for the three and six months ended March 31, 2023, respectively, and approximately $68,000 and $204,000 for the three and six months ended March 31, 2022, respectively. There was approximately $502,000 and $692,000 of total unrecognized stock compensation costs related to unvested stock compensation for the Restricted Stock grants at March 31, 2023 and September 30, 2022, respectively.

Restricted Stock Awards

On September 6, 2022, the Company awarded 747 restricted shares of the Company’s common stock to the newly appointed Chief Financial Officer of the Company under the 2015 Plan at a fair value of $33.50 per common share, with all shares scheduled to vest on January 1, 2024.

On May 18, 2022, the Company awarded 12,500 restricted shares of the Company’s common stock to the President and CEO under the 2015 Plan at a weighted average fair value of $40.17 per common share, with one half of the shares scheduled to vest on January 1, 2025 and the remaining shares scheduled to vest on January 1, 2026.

On April 1, 2022, the Company awarded 5,000 restricted shares of the Company’s common stock to the President and CEO under the 2015 Plan at a weighted average fair value of $37.98 per common share, with one half of the shares scheduled to vest on January 1, 2025 and the remaining shares scheduled to vest on January 1, 2026.

On January 26, 2022, the Company awarded 7,256 restricted shares of the Company’s common stock to employees, with more than one year of service, under the 2015 plan at a weighted average fair value of $35.50 per common share, vesting on January 1, 2023. During the third quarter of fiscal year 2022, several employees were dismissed in connection with the wind down of a certain Property Management Agreement dated as of July 16, 2020, with a third party (the “Property Management Agreement”). As part of the wind down, 1,144 shares of the 7,256 restricted shares referenced above vested upon the dates such employees were terminated, which resulted in the recognition of the remaining unrecognized stock expense in the Consolidated Statement of Operations as of September 30, 2022. The remaining shares vested on January 1, 2023.

On November 5, 2021, the Company awarded 2,224 restricted shares of the Company’s common stock to certain executives and senior managers under the 2015 Plan at a weighted average fair value of $37.13 per common share, vesting on January 1, 2023. On May 31, 2022, due to the resignation of an executive officer, 674 shares of the 2,224 restricted shares referenced above were forfeited and the stock compensation expense already recognized was reversed in the Consolidated Statement of Operations as of September 30, 2022. The remaining shares vested on January 1, 2023.

On October 15, 2021, the Company awarded 2,500 restricted shares of the Company’s common stock to the President and CEO under the 2015 Plan at a weighted average fair value of $34.41 per common share. These shares vested on January 1, 2022.

On November 10, 2020, the Company awarded 5,885 restricted shares of the Company’s common stock to certain other executives and senior managers under the 2015 Plan at a weighted average fair value of $31.20 per common share. These shares vested on January 1, 2022.

Stock Option Grant

Stock option grants of 118,000 options to certain officers and managers of the Company (collectively the “2020 Option Grants”) were granted on October 11, 2019. The option exercise price was set at $33.96, the closing price on October 11, 2019. The 2020 Option Grants were to have vested as follows: (i) 25% of the options were to have vested if the price of the Company’s common

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stock during a consecutive 20-trading day period exceeds $35.00; (ii) 25% of the options were to have vested if the price of the Company’s common stock during a consecutive 20-trading day period exceeds $40.00; (iii) 25% of the options were to have vested if the price of the Company’s common stock during a consecutive 20-trading day period exceeds $45.00; and (iv) 25% of the options were to have vested if the price of the Company’s common stock during a consecutive 20-trading day period exceeds $50.00. If the applicable stock price hurdles were not achieved by (A) the date that is 18 months following the termination of employment, if the employment is terminated due to death or disability, (B) the date that is 12 months following the termination of employment, if the employment is terminated by the Company without cause, by the employee with good reason, or due to the employee’s retirement, or (C) the date of the termination of employment for any other reason, then any unvested options will be forfeited. In addition, if the applicable stock price hurdles were not achieved by December 31, 2022, then any unvested options were to have been forfeited. During the six months ended March 31, 2023, the stock did not trade above $40.00 per share for twenty consecutive days (the $35.00 per share threshold was met during fiscal year 2020 and thus 25% was previously vested); accordingly, no additional amounts of the 2020 Option Grants were vested as of March 31, 2023. On December 15, 2021, an officer of the Company exercised 5,000 stock options that had previously vested. Additionally, in the three months ended June 30, 2022, three officers of the Company exercised 9,000 options that had previously vested. As of March 31, 2023, only the first hurdle under each such option grant had been reached; therefore, only 25% of each option grant vested and the remainder of the options have now been forfeited.

Stock option grants of 10,000 options to Mr. John Kiernan (the “2019 Option Grants”) were granted on October 25, 2018. The option exercise price for these options was set at $33.34, the closing price on October 25, 2018. The 2019 Option Grants were to have vested as follows: (i) 3,333 of the options were to have vested if the price of the Company’s common stock during a consecutive 20-trading day period exceeds $40.00; (ii) 3,333 of the options were to have vested if the price of the Company’s common stock during a consecutive 20-trading day period exceeds $45.00; and (iii) 3,334 of the options were to have vested if the price of the Company’s common stock during a consecutive 20-trading day period exceeds $50.00. If the applicable stock price hurdles were not achieved by (A) the date that is 18 months following Mr. Kiernan’s termination of employment, if Mr. Kiernan’s employment is terminated due to death or disability, (B) the date that is 12 months following Mr. Kiernan’s termination of employment, if Mr. Kiernan’s employment is terminated by the Company without cause, by Mr. Kiernan with good reason, or due to Mr. Kiernan’s retirement, or (C) the date of the termination of Mr. Kiernan’s employment for any other reason, then any unvested options would be forfeited. In addition, if the applicable stock price hurdles were not achieved by December 31, 2021, any unvested options would be forfeited. Since the date of grant, the stock did not trade above $40.00 per share for twenty consecutive days; therefore, the 2019 Option grants were forfeited as of December 31, 2021.

Stock option grants of 210,000 options to Mr. Remy Trafelet and 90,000 options to Mr. John Kiernan (collectively, the “2018 Option Grants”) were granted on September 7, 2018. The option exercise price for these options was set at $33.60, the closing price on September 7, 2018. The 2018 Option Grants were to have vested as follows: (i) 25% of the options were to have vested if the price of the Company’s common stock during a consecutive 20-trading day period exceeds $35.00; (ii) 25% of the options were to have vested if the price of the Company’s common stock during a consecutive 20-trading day period exceeds $40.00; (iii) 25% of the options were to have vested if the price of the Company’s common stock during a consecutive 20-trading day period exceeds $45.00; and (iv) 25% of the options were to have vested if the price of the Company’s common stock during a consecutive 20-trading day period exceeds $50.00. If the applicable stock price hurdles have not been achieved by (A) the date that is 18 months following the respective Executive’s termination of employment, if the respective Executive’s employment is terminated due to death or disability, (B) the date that is 12 months following the respective Executive’s termination of employment, if the respective Executive’s employment is terminated by the Company without cause, by the respective Executive with good reason, or due to the respective Executive’s retirement, or (C) the date of the termination of the respective Executive’s employment for any other reason, then any unvested options will be forfeited. In addition, if the applicable stock price hurdles were not achieved by December 31, 2021, any unvested options would be forfeited. The 2018 Option Grants would also have become vested to the extent that the applicable stock price hurdles were satisfied in connection with a change in control of the Company. Only 25% of the 2018 Options Grants vested for Mr. John Kiernan, (the $35.00 per share threshold was met during fiscal year 2020), and the remaining 67,500 of the 2018 Options Grants were forfeited as of December 31, 2021. The 2018 Option

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Grants issued to Mr. Trafelet were forfeited as part of a settlement agreement entered into with the Company on February 11, 2019. Forfeitures of all stock options were recognized as incurred.

Stock compensation expense related to the options of approximately $0 and $18,000 was recognized for the three and six months ended March 31, 2023, respectively, and approximately $18,000 and $78,000 was recognized for the three and six months ended March 31, 2022, respectively. At March 31, 2023 and September 30, 2022, there was approximately $0 and $18,000, respectively, of total unrecognized stock compensation costs related to unvested share-based compensation for the option grants.

The fair value of the 2020 Option Grant was estimated on the date of grant using a Monte Carlo valuation model that uses the assumptions noted in the following table. The expected term of options granted is derived from the output of the option valuation model and represents the period of time that options granted are expected to be outstanding; the range given below results from different timeframes for the various market conditions being met.

2020 Option Grant |  |  |
Expected Volatility |  |  | 26.0 | %
Expected Term (in years) |  | 3.61 |
Risk Free Rate |  |  | 1.60 | %

The weighted-average grant-date fair value of the 2020 Option Grant was $3.20. There were no additional stock options granted for the three and six months ended March 31, 2023.

The following table illustrates the Company’s treasury stock activity for the six months ended March 31, 2023:

(in thousands, except share amounts) |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | Shares |  |  | Cost |
Balance as of September 30, 2022 |  |  | 829,150 |  |  | $ | 27,948 |
Issued to employees and directors, net |  |  | (12,497 | ) |  |  | (332 | )
Balance as of March 31, 2023 |  |  | 816,653 |  |  | $ | 27,616 |

Note 12. Commitments and Contingencies

Letters of Credit

The Company had outstanding standby letters of credit in the total amount of approximately $248,000 and $310,000 at March 31, 2023 and September 30, 2022, respectively, to secure its various contractual obligations.

Legal Proceedings

From time to time, Alico may be involved in litigation relating to claims arising out of its operations in the normal course of business. There are no current legal proceedings to which the Company is a party or of which any of its property is subject that it believes will have a material adverse effect on its financial condition.

On February 17, 2023, a class action complaint was filed in the Middle District of Florida captioned Sinder v. Alico, Inc. et al., Case No. 2:23-cv-00107 (the “Sinder” matter) asserting violations of Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Exchange Act of 1934 against the Company and certain of its current and former officers on behalf of a putative class of investors who purchased the Company’s common stock between February 4, 2021 and December 13, 2022. The complaint alleges, among other things, that the Company and certain of its current and former officers made false and misleading statements and failed to disclose certain information regarding the Company’s financial reporting and December 13, 2022 restatement of the Company’s previously issued financial statements. Plaintiff seeks damages, interest, costs, expenses, attorneys’ fees, and other unspecified relief.

On March 7, 2023, an alleged shareholder filed a derivative complaint purportedly on behalf of the Company against certain of its current and former officers and directors in the 20th Judicial Circuit for Lee County, Florida captioned Assad v. Brokaw et al., Case # 23-CA-001484 (the “Assad” matter). The complaint asserts claims of breach of fiduciary duty and unjust enrichment

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arising from substantially similar allegations as those contained in the securities class action described above. The complaint seeks an unspecified sum of damages, interest, restitution, expenses, attorneys’ fees and other equitable relief. To the best of the Company’s knowledge as of April 28, 2023, no defendants have been served with this lawsuit.

The Company believes that the claims in both the Sinder and Assad matters are without merit. Although the outcome of any complex litigation is inherently uncertain, based on information presently known to management, the Company does not believe that the matters are likely to have a material impact on its financial condition.

Purchase Commitments

The Company enters into contracts for the purchase of citrus trees during the normal course of its business. As of March 31, 2023, the Company had approximately $4,762,000 relating to outstanding commitments for these purchases that will be paid upon delivery of the remaining citrus trees.

Note 13. Related Party Transactions

Consulting Agreement

On May 17, 2022, Richard Rallo notified the Company of his decision to resign from his role as the Company’s Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) effective as of May 31, 2022. Mr. Rallo’s decision to resign was for personal reasons to eliminate extensive travel and/or avoid relocation to Florida and was not related to any disagreement with the Company or its independent registered public accountants on any matter relating to the Company’s financial or accounting operations, policies, or practices. Mr. Rallo agreed to provide consulting services to the Company through December 31, 2022.

Lease Agreement

On January 1, 2022, Mr. Kiernan, the Company’s President and CEO, entered into a Hunting Lease Agreement and Real Estate Purchase and Sale Option Agreement, with the Company (the “Kiernan Lease Agreement”). Under the Kiernan Lease Agreement, the Company was leasing what was originally estimated to be approximately 93 acres of Company owned, largely unimproved land (the “Land”) to Mr. Kiernan for a three-year term commencing on January 1, 2022, and ending on January 1, 2025, and with a yearly rent of $1,860. Additionally, under the terms of the Kiernan Lease Agreement, the Company had granted to Mr. Kiernan an option to purchase the Land from the Company, exercisable only during the one-year period January 1, 2022, through January 1, 2023, and at a price of $480,000 ($5,161 per acre), which price is based on an independent appraisal obtained by the Company. On August 26, 2022, Mr. Kiernan exercised his option to purchase the land. Pursuant to the exercise of the option, the Company sold what turned out to be a parcel of approximately 85 acres to Mr. Kiernan on October 20, 2022 for approximately $438,900 ($5,161 per acre).

Note 14. Subsequent Events

During April 2023, the Company received additional Hurricane Ian crop insurance proceeds of approximately $8,900,000 and approximately $838,000 relating to property and casualty damage claims. The Company has submitted additional crop insurance claims and is awaiting determination of additional proceeds to be received.

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and related Notes thereto.

Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Information

We provide forward-looking information in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, particularly in this Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, pursuant to the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). Any statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q that are not historical facts are forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements that express our intentions, beliefs, expectations, strategies, predictions or any other statements relating to our future activities or other future events or conditions. These statements are based on our current expectations, estimates and projections about our business based, in part, on assumptions made by our management and can be identified by terms such as “will,” “should,” “expects,” “plans,” “anticipates,” “could,” “intends,” “targets,” “projects,” “contemplates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “forecasts,” “predicts,” “potential” or “continue” or the negative of these terms or other similar expressions. Alico believes the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable but cannot guarantee future results, level of activity, performance or achievements. Actual results may differ materially from those expressed or implied in the forward-looking statements. Therefore, Alico cautions you against relying on any of these forward-looking statements. Factors which may cause future outcomes to differ materially from those foreseen in forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to: adverse weather conditions, natural disasters and other natural conditions, including the effects of climate change; damage and loss to our citrus groves from disease including but not limited to citrus greening and citrus canker; hurricanes and tropical storms given our geographic concentration in Florida; any adverse event affecting our citrus business; our ability to maintain our market share in a highly competitive business; our dependency on our relationship with Tropicana and Tropicana’s relationship with certain third parties; heightened risks as a result of the sale of a majority of ownership of Tropicana to a French private equity firm; supply and demand pricing; development and execution of our strategic growth initiatives; product contamination and product liability claims; water use regulations restricting our access to water; changes in immigration laws; risks associated with acquisition of additional agricultural assets and other businesses; adverse impacts from dispositions of our assets; harm to our reputation; tax risks associated with a “Section 1031 Exchange”; undertaking one or more significant corporate transactions; seasonality of our citrus business; significant competition in our agricultural operations; fluctuations in our earnings as a result of market supply and prices and demand for our products; climate change, or legal, regulatory or market measures to address climate change and sustainability; increases in labor, personnel and benefits costs; increases in commodity or raw product costs, such as fuel and chemical costs; transportation risks; any change or the classification or valuation methods employed by county property appraisers related to our real estate taxes; any weakness or instability in the real estate industry; liability for the use of fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides and other potentially hazardous substances; compliance with applicable environmental laws; loss of key employees; material weaknesses and other control deficiencies, including as a result of restatement of our financial statements as of September 30, 2021, and the end of certain quarterly periods; the impact of any restatements and any resulting investigations, legal or administrative proceedings; the effect of inflation on our operations, including as a result of the conflict in Ukraine; increased costs as a result of being a public company; system security risks; the COVID-19 pandemic; any harm by natural disasters or epidemics; our indebtedness and ability to generate sufficient cash flow to service our debt obligations; higher interest expenses as a result of variable rates of interest for our debt; our ability to continue to pay cash dividends; and risks related with repurchases. These forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions that are difficult to predict. Therefore, actual outcomes and results may differ materially from what is expressed or forecasted in the forward-looking statements due to numerous factors, including those Risks Factors described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2022, and our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q. Except as required by law, we do not undertake an obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future developments, or otherwise.

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Business Overview

Business Description

Alico, Inc., together with its subsidiaries (collectively, “Alico”, the “Company”, “we”, “us” or “our”) generates operating revenues primarily from the sale of its citrus products, providing services to citrus groves owned by third parties, and grazing and hunting leasing. The Company operates as two business segments, and all its operating revenues are generated in the United States. For the three months ended March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022, the Company generated operating revenues of approximately $21,294,000 and $49,641,000, respectively, (loss) income from operations of approximately ($8,995,000) and $1,461,000, respectively, and net (loss) income attributable to common stockholders of approximately ($7,787,000) and $20,702,000, respectively. Net cash used in operating activities was approximately $7,108,000 for the six months ended March 31, 2023.

Business Segments

Operating segments are defined in the criteria established under the Financial Accounting Standards Board – Accounting Standards Codification (“FASB ASC”) Topic 280 as components of public entities that engage in business activities from which they may earn revenues and incur expenses for which separate financial information is available and which is evaluated regularly by the Company’s chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) in deciding how to assess performance and allocate resources. The Company’s CODM assesses performance and allocates resources based on its operating segments.

The Company has two segments as follows:

•
Alico Citrus includes activities related to planting, owning, cultivating and/or managing citrus groves to produce fruit for sale to fresh and processed citrus markets, including activities related to the purchase and resale of fruit and value-added services, which include contracting for the harvesting, marketing and hauling of citrus; and
•
Land Management and Other Operations includes activities related to native plant sales, grazing and hunting leasing, management and/or conservation of unimproved native pastureland and activities related to rock mining royalties and other insignificant lines of business. Also included are activities related to owning and/or leasing improved farmland. Improved farmland is acreage that has been converted, or is permitted to be converted, from native pasture and which may have various improvements including irrigation, drainage and roads.

For the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Alico Citrus segment generated 98.3% of the Company’s consolidated revenues and the Land Management and Other Operations segment generated 1.7% of the Company’s consolidated revenues.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The discussion and analysis of the Company’s financial condition and results of operations is based upon its unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The preparation of these financial statements requires the Company to make certain estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities. Alico bases these estimates on historical experience, available current market information and on various other assumptions that management believes are reasonable under the circumstances. Additionally, the Company evaluates the results of these estimates on an on-going basis. Management’s estimates form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

See Note 1. “Description of Business and Basis of Presentation” to the condensed consolidated financial statements in Item 1 of Part I of this Form 10-Q for a detailed description of recent accounting pronouncements. There have been no material changes to the Company’s critical accounting policies and estimates from those reflected in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2022, as filed with the SEC on December 13, 2022.

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Recent Developments

Hurricane Ian

On September 28, 2022, Hurricane Ian made landfall on the southwest coast of Florida and a majority of the Company’s groves were impacted by the storm. The impact of Hurricane Ian has affected our fiscal year 2023 fruit production as the Company accelerated the harvest to maximize box production for both its Early and Mid-Season and Valencia harvest, which was completed earlier than the prior year harvest season. Approximately 48,900 gross acres of our citrus groves, which are in Charlotte, Collier, DeSoto, Hardee, Hendry, Highlands and Polk Counties, sustained hurricane or tropical storm force winds for varying durations of time. While we lost a small percentage of trees, the force and duration of the storm impacted the majority of the groves. Based upon prior experience with serious storms of this nature, we expect it may take up to two full seasons or more for the groves to recover to pre-hurricane production levels.

The Company maintains crop insurance and, as of March 31, 2023, has received approximately $4,759,000 in proceeds for crop claims. During April 2023, the Company received additional Hurricane Ian crop insurance proceeds of approximately $8,900,000 and approximately $838,000 relating to property and casualty damage claims. The Company has submitted additional crop insurance claims and is working closely with our insurers and adjusters awaiting determination of additional proceeds to be received.

Citrus Greening Treatment

In 2022, the Company began testing a new application of the Citrus Greening therapy Oxytetracycline (“OTC”), which is used in citrus and other crops. After a review of the new application method by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services (“FDACS”) granted a special local-need registration (24c) on October 28, 2022. The Company began treating its trees on January 16, 2023, as the product and application devices became available, and treated approximately ten percent of its trees as of March 31, 2023. The extent of any benefit of the OTC application will not be measurable until the completion of the fiscal year 2024 harvest. Although not a cure for citrus greening, this OTC application mitigates some of the impacts of citrus greening and has shown to decrease the rate of fruit drop and improve fruit quality.

Extension of the Working Capital Line of Credit

On October 27, 2022, the working capital line of credit agreement (“WCLC”) was amended and the primary terms of the amendment were an extension of the maturity to November 1, 2025, and the conversion of the interest rate from LIBOR plus a spread to SOFR plus a spread, which spread is adjusted quarterly, based on the Company’s debt service coverage ratio for the preceding quarter and can vary from 175 to 250 basis points. There were no changes to the commitment amount.

Sales and Purchase of Land

During the second quarter 2023, the company sold approximately 279 acres to various third parties for approximately $1,596,000 and recognized a gain of approximately $1,500,000.

During the first quarter 2023, the company sold approximately 609 acres to various third parties for approximately $3,300,000. One of these sales transactions was a sale of approximately 85 acres to Mr. Kiernan, the Company’s President and CEO on October 20, 2022 for approximately $438,900 ($5,161 per acre). On January 1, 2022, Mr. Kiernan entered into a Hunting Lease Agreement and Real Estate Purchase and Sale Option Agreement with the Company (the “Kiernan Lease Agreement”). Under the Kiernan Lease Agreement, the Company was leasing what was originally estimated to be approximately 93 acres of Company owned, largely unimproved land (the “Land”) to Mr. Kiernan for a three-year term commencing on January 1, 2022, and ending on January 1, 2025, and with a yearly rent of $1,860.00. Additionally, under the terms of the Kiernan Lease Agreement, the Company had granted to Mr. Kiernan an option to purchase the Land from the Company, exercisable only during the one-year

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period January 1, 2022 through January 1, 2023, and at a price of $480,000 ($5,161 per acre), which price was based on an independent appraisal obtained by the Company and dated as of November 11, 2021. On August 26, 2022, Mr. Kiernan exercised his option to purchase the land. Pursuant to exercise of the option, the Company sold what turned out to be a parcel of approximately 85 acres to Mr. Kiernan.

Federal Relief Program – Hurricane Ian

In December 2022, the Consolidated Appropriations Act was signed into law by the federal government; however, the details of the mechanism and funding of any Hurricane Ian relief still remains unclear and, if available, the extent to which the Company will be eligible. The Company intends to take advantage of any such available programs as and when they become available. The Company is currently working with Florida Citrus Mutual, the industry trade group, and government agencies on the federal relief programs available as part of the Consolidated Appropriations Act.

Federal Relief Program – Hurricane Irma

The Company was eligible for Hurricane Irma federal relief programs for block grants that were being administered through the State of Florida. The Company has received a total of approximately $26,900,000 in Hurricane Irma federal relief for the period commencing in fiscal year ended September 30, 2019 through December 31, 2022. As of December 31, 2022, the Company has received all funds due under the Florida Citrus Recovery Block Grant (“CRBG”) program. These federal relief proceeds are included as a reduction to operating expenses in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. For the six months ended March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022, the Company received Hurricane Irma federal relief proceeds of approximately $1,266,000 and $1,123,000, respectively.

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Condensed Consolidated Results of Operations

The following discussion provides an analysis of Alico’s results of operations and should be read in conjunction with the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022:

(in thousands) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | Three Months Ended March 31, |  |  | Change |  |  | Six Months Ended March 31, |  |  | Change |
|  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | $ |  |  | % |  |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | $ |  |  | % |
Operating revenues: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Alico Citrus |  | $ | 20,937 |  |  | $ | 49,032 |  |  | $ | (28,095 | ) |  |  | (57.3 | )% |  | $ | 31,205 |  |  | $ | 63,780 |  |  | $ | (32,575 | ) |  |  | (51.1 | )%
Land Management and Other Operations |  |  | 357 |  |  |  | 609 |  |  |  | (252 | ) |  |  | (41.4 | )% |  |  | 677 |  |  |  | 1,198 |  |  |  | (521 | ) |  |  | (43.5 | )%
Total operating revenues |  |  | 21,294 |  |  |  | 49,641 |  |  |  | (28,347 | ) |  |  | (57.1 | )% |  |  | 31,882 |  |  |  | 64,978 |  |  |  | (33,096 | ) |  |  | (50.9 | )%
Gross (loss) profit: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Alico Citrus |  |  | (6,583 | ) |  |  | 3,542 |  |  |  | (10,125 | ) |  | NM |  |  |  | (10,610 | ) |  |  | 4,904 |  |  |  | (15,514 | ) |  | NM |
Land Management and Other Operations |  |  | 255 |  |  |  | 457 |  |  |  | (202 | ) |  |  | (44.2 | )% |  |  | 481 |  |  |  | 906 |  |  |  | (425 | ) |  |  | (46.9 | )%
Total gross (loss) profit |  |  | (6,328 | ) |  |  | 3,999 |  |  |  | (10,327 | ) |  | NM |  |  |  | (10,129 | ) |  |  | 5,810 |  |  |  | (15,939 | ) |  | NM |
General and administrative expenses |  |  | 2,667 |  |  |  | 2,538 |  |  |  | 129 |  |  |  | 5.1 | % |  |  | 5,176 |  |  |  | 5,122 |  |  |  | 54 |  |  |  | 1.1 | %
(Loss) income from operations |  |  | (8,995 | ) |  |  | 1,461 |  |  |  | (10,456 | ) |  | NM |  |  |  | (15,305 | ) |  |  | 688 |  |  |  | (15,993 | ) |  | NM |
Total other income, net |  |  | 330 |  |  |  | 25,735 |  |  |  | (25,405 | ) |  |  | (98.7 | )% |  |  | 2,371 |  |  |  | 33,288 |  |  |  | (30,917 | ) |  |  | (92.9 | )%
(Loss) income before income taxes |  |  | (8,665 | ) |  |  | 27,196 |  |  |  | (35,861 | ) |  | NM |  |  |  | (12,934 | ) |  |  | 33,976 |  |  |  | (46,910 | ) |  | NM |
Income tax (benefit) provision |  |  | (534 | ) |  |  | 6,579 |  |  |  | (7,113 | ) |  | NM |  |  |  | (1,617 | ) |  |  | 3,279 |  |  |  | (4,896 | ) |  | NM |
Net (loss) income |  |  | (8,131 | ) |  |  | 20,617 |  |  |  | (28,748 | ) |  | NM |  |  |  | (11,317 | ) |  |  | 30,697 |  |  |  | (42,014 | ) |  | NM |
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests |  |  | 344 |  |  |  | 85 |  |  |  | 259 |  |  | NM |  |  |  | 380 |  |  |  | 136 |  |  |  | 244 |  |  |  | 179.4 | %
Net (loss) income attributable to Alico, Inc. common stockholders |  | $ | (7,787 | ) |  | $ | 20,702 |  |  | $ | (28,489 | ) |  | NM |  |  | $ | (10,937 | ) |  | $ | 30,833 |  |  | $ | (41,770 | ) |  | NM |

NM = Not meaningful

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The following discussion provides an analysis of the Company’s two operating segments, Alico Citrus and Land Management and Other Operations segments:

Alico Citrus

The table below presents key operating measures for the three and six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 for the Alico Citrus segment:

(in thousands, except per box and per pound solids data) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | Three Months Ended |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Six Months Ended |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | March 31, |  |  | Change |  |  | March 31, |  |  | Change |
|  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | Unit |  |  | % |  |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | Unit |  |  | % |
Operating Revenues: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Early and Mid-Season |  | $ | 2,368 |  |  | $ | 17,909 |  |  | $ | (15,541 | ) |  |  | (86.8 | )% |  | $ | 11,954 |  |  | $ | 28,287 |  |  | $ | (16,333 | ) |  |  | (57.7 | )%
Valencias |  |  | 17,930 |  |  |  | 25,854 |  |  |  | (7,924 | ) |  |  | (30.6 | )% |  |  | 17,930 |  |  |  | 25,854 |  |  |  | (7,924 | ) |  |  | (30.6 | )%
Fresh Fruit |  |  | 74 |  |  |  | 350 |  |  |  | (276 | ) |  |  | (78.9 | )% |  |  | 522 |  |  |  | 1,229 |  |  |  | (707 | ) |  |  | (57.5 | )%
Purchase and Resale of Fruit |  |  | 196 |  |  |  | 454 |  |  |  | (258 | ) |  |  | (56.8 | )% |  |  | 234 |  |  |  | 507 |  |  |  | (273 | ) |  |  | (53.8 | )%
Grove Management Services |  |  | 362 |  |  |  | 4,416 |  |  |  | (4,054 | ) |  |  | (91.8 | )% |  |  | 551 |  |  |  | 7,834 |  |  |  | (7,283 | ) |  |  | (93.0 | )%
Other |  |  | 7 |  |  |  | 49 |  |  |  | (42 | ) |  |  | (85.7 | )% |  |  | 14 |  |  |  | 69 |  |  |  | (55 | ) |  |  | (79.7 | )%
Total |  | $ | 20,937 |  |  | $ | 49,032 |  |  | $ | (28,095 | ) |  |  | (57.3 | )% |  | $ | 31,205 |  |  | $ | 63,780 |  |  | $ | (32,575 | ) |  |  | (51.1 | )%
Boxes Harvested: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Early and Mid-Season |  |  | 174 |  |  |  | 1,348 |  |  |  | (1,174 | ) |  |  | (87.1 | )% |  |  | 979 |  |  |  | 2,175 |  |  |  | (1,196 | ) |  |  | (55.0 | )%
Valencias |  |  | 1,254 |  |  |  | 1,883 |  |  |  | (629 | ) |  |  | (33.4 | )% |  |  | 1,254 |  |  |  | 1,883 |  |  |  | (629 | ) |  |  | (33.4 | )%
Total Processed |  |  | 1,428 |  |  |  | 3,231 |  |  |  | (1,803 | ) |  |  | (55.8 | )% |  |  | 2,233 |  |  |  | 4,058 |  |  |  | (1,825 | ) |  |  | (45.0 | )%
Fresh Fruit |  |  | 4 |  |  |  | 19 |  |  |  | (15 | ) |  |  | (78.9 | )% |  |  | 40 |  |  |  | 88 |  |  |  | (48 | ) |  |  | (54.5 | )%
Total |  |  | 1,432 |  |  |  | 3,250 |  |  |  | (1,818 | ) |  |  | (55.9 | )% |  |  | 2,273 |  |  |  | 4,146 |  |  |  | (1,873 | ) |  |  | (45.2 | )%
Pound Solids Produced: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Early and Mid-Season |  |  | 849 |  |  |  | 7,013 |  |  |  | (6,164 | ) |  |  | (87.9 | )% |  |  | 4,586 |  |  |  | 11,034 |  |  |  | (6,448 | ) |  |  | (58.4 | )%
Valencias |  |  | 6,560 |  |  |  | 9,781 |  |  |  | (3,221 | ) |  |  | (32.9 | )% |  |  | 6,560 |  |  |  | 9,781 |  |  |  | (3,221 | ) |  |  | (32.9 | )%
Total |  |  | 7,409 |  |  |  | 16,794 |  |  |  | (9,385 | ) |  |  | (55.9 | )% |  |  | 11,146 |  |  |  | 20,815 |  |  |  | (9,669 | ) |  |  | (46.5 | )%
Pound Solids per Box: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Early and Mid-Season |  |  | 4.88 |  |  |  | 5.20 |  |  |  | (0.32 | ) |  |  | (6.2 | )% |  |  | 4.68 |  |  |  | 5.07 |  |  |  | (0.39 | ) |  |  | (7.7 | )%
Valencias |  |  | 5.23 |  |  |  | 5.19 |  |  |  | 0.04 |  |  |  | 0.7 | % |  |  | 5.23 |  |  |  | 5.19 |  |  |  | 0.04 |  |  |  | 0.7 | %
Price per Pound Solids: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Early and Mid-Season |  |  | 2.79 |  |  |  | 2.55 |  |  | $ | 0.24 |  |  |  | 9.2 | % |  |  | 2.61 |  |  |  | 2.56 |  |  | $ | 0.05 |  |  |  | 2.0 | %
Valencias |  |  | 2.73 |  |  |  | 2.64 |  |  | $ | 0.09 |  |  |  | 3.4 | % |  |  | 2.73 |  |  |  | 2.64 |  |  | $ | 0.09 |  |  |  | 3.4 | %
Price per Box: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Fresh Fruit |  | $ | 18.50 |  |  | $ | 18.42 |  |  | $ | 0.08 |  |  |  | 0.4 | % |  | $ | 13.05 |  |  | $ | 13.97 |  |  | $ | (0.92 | ) |  |  | (6.6 | )%
Operating Expenses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cost of Sales |  | $ | 26,558 |  |  | $ | 32,031 |  |  | $ | (5,473 | ) |  |  | (17.1 | )% |  | $ | 39,044 |  |  | $ | 40,887 |  |  | $ | (1,843 | ) |  |  | (4.5 | )%
Harvesting and Hauling |  |  | 5,547 |  |  |  | 9,248 |  |  |  | (3,701 | ) |  |  | (40.0 | )% |  |  | 8,526 |  |  |  | 11,609 |  |  |  | (3,083 | ) |  |  | (26.6 | )%
Purchase and Resale of Fruit |  |  | 154 |  |  |  | 359 |  |  |  | (205 | ) |  |  | (57.1 | )% |  |  | 183 |  |  |  | 405 |  |  |  | (222 | ) |  |  | (54.8 | )%
Grove Management Services |  |  | 240 |  |  |  | 4,027 |  |  |  | (3,787 | ) |  |  | (94.0 | )% |  |  | 307 |  |  |  | 7,098 |  |  |  | (6,791 | ) |  |  | (95.7 | )%
Other |  |  | (4,979 | ) |  |  | (175 | ) |  |  | (4,804 | ) |  | NM |  |  |  | (6,245 | ) |  |  | (1,123 | ) |  |  | (5,122 | ) |  | NM |
Total |  | $ | 27,520 |  |  | $ | 45,490 |  |  | $ | (17,970 | ) |  |  | (39.5 | )% |  | $ | 41,815 |  |  | $ | 58,876 |  |  | $ | (17,061 | ) |  |  | (29.0 | )%

NM = Not meaningful

Components of Results of Operations for Alico Citrus Segment

The Company sells its Early and Mid-Season and Valencia oranges to processors that convert most of the citrus crop into orange juice. The processors generally buy the citrus crop on a pound solids basis, which is the measure of the soluble solids (sugars and acids) contained in one box of fruit. The Company’s Fresh Fruit revenue is derived from sales to packing houses that purchase the citrus on a per box basis. The Company also provides citrus grove caretaking and harvest and haul management services to third parties in which revenues are recorded as Grove Management Services, including a management fee. Other revenues consist of the purchase and reselling of fruit.

Alico’s operating expenses for its Alico Citrus segment consist primarily of Cost of Sales, Harvesting and Hauling costs and Grove Management Service costs. Cost of Sales represents the cost of maintaining the citrus groves for the preceding calendar

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year and does not vary in relation to production. Harvesting and Hauling costs represent the costs of bringing citrus product to processors and vary based upon the number of boxes produced. Grove Management Services costs include those costs associated with citrus grove caretaking and harvest and haul management services provided to third parties. Other expenses include the period costs of third-party grove caretaking and the purchase and reselling of third-party fruit.

Comparison of the Three and Six Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 for the Alico Citrus Segment

The decrease in revenue for the three and six months ended March 31, 2023, compared to the three and six months ended March 31, 2022, was primarily due to a decrease in revenue generated from the Early and Mid-Season and Valencia fruit harvested, driven by the increased fruit drop caused by the ongoing impact of Hurricane Ian and a decrease in Grove Management Services, as described further below.

The decrease in the Early and Mid-Season and Valencia fruit harvested was primarily driven by a decrease in processed box production for both the Early and Mid-Season and Valencia Crop and a decrease in pound solids per box in the Early and Mid-Season crop for the six months ended March 31, 2023. The Company decided to accelerate the harvesting of the Early and Mid-Season and Valencia crops to maximize the box production and avoid additional fruit drop as a result of the impact of Hurricane Ian. The Early and Mid-Season harvest has been completed and the pound solids per box decreased 7.7% and the processed box production decreased 55.0% as compared to the same six-month period in the prior year. As of March 31, 2023, the Company expects to complete the Valencia fruit harvest earlier in the current fiscal year, as compared to the prior fiscal year, and expects an overall decrease in the number of boxes harvested and revenues generated from the Valencia fruit for the fiscal year 2023 harvest, as compared to the fiscal year 2022 harvest. The Valencia fruit harvest box production as of March 31, 2023 was down 33.4% and the pound solids per box was up 0.7%, as compared to the same period in the prior year. Although Hurricane Ian impacted the fiscal year 2023 harvest, there does not appear to be long-term damage to the citrus trees. The Valencia fruit harvest box production as of March 31, 2023 was down 33.4% and the pound solids per box was up 0.7%, as compared to the same period in the prior year. Although Hurricane Ian impacted the fiscal year 2023 harvest, there does not appear to be long-term damage to the citrus trees.

The Company also recorded a decrease in revenue from sales of Fresh Fruit. The decrease in the Fresh Fruit is primarily due to a decrease in both boxes sold and pricing per box.

The decrease in Grove Management Services is primarily due to a primary group of third-party grove owners, who are affiliated with each other (collectively, the “Grove Owners”), to whom the Company was providing caretaking management services, deciding to exit the citrus business at the beginning of the three months ended June 30, 2022. This decision to exit the citrus business eliminated the need for caretaking management services. The Company recorded approximately $0 and $7,200,000 of revenue from the Grove Owners relating to grove management services for the six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. As a result, caretaking management services and the accompanying reimbursement of caretaking expenses decreased during the three and six months ended March 31, 2023, when compared to the same periods in the prior year.

The USDA, in its April 11, 2023 Citrus Crop Forecast for the 2022-23 harvest season, indicated its expectation is that the overall Florida orange crop will decrease from approximately 41,200,000 boxes for the 2021-22 crop year to approximately 16,100,000 boxes for the 2022-23 crop year, a decrease of approximately 60.9%. Overall, the Company, along with the Florida citrus industry in general, is recording a smaller number of boxes harvested due to an even greater fruit drop rate, attributed to the hurricanes and disease during the current harvest season, as compared to the previous year.

The decrease in Operating expenses for the six months ended March 31, 2023, as compared to the six months ended March 31. 2022, primarily relates to the inventory adjustments recorded at September 30, 2022 on the ending inventory balance, as a result of the impact of Hurricane Ian, which effectively lowered the inventory to be expensed in fiscal year 2023. The Company experienced significant cost increases in fertilizer, herbicide, labor and fuel in maintaining its groves. These cost increases, coupled with the timing of the harvest, and the expected lower box production for both its Early and Mid-Season and Valencia

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harvest, resulted in a higher cost of sales per box for the six months ended March 31, 2023, as compared to the same period in the prior year. In addition, the Company incurred additional costs related to the clean-up and repairs as a result of Hurricane Ian.

The Company also recorded increases in its Harvesting and Hauling expenses per box which is directly related to an increase in the harvesting labor costs, as well as the increased time spent by the harvesters to fill the boxes as a result of the increased fruit drop caused by Hurricane Ian for the six months ended March 31, 2023, when compared to the similar period in the prior year.

The decrease in Grove Management Services expense is directly related to the termination of the grove management services by the Grove Owners in June 2022. As mentioned above, the decision by the Grove Owners to exit the citrus business eliminated the need for the caretaking management services for the Grove Owners. The Company recorded approximately $0 and $6,700,000 of operating expenses relating to grove management services for the Grove Owners in the six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. As a result, caretaking expenses decreased significantly during the six months ended March 31, 2023, when compared to the same period in the prior year.

The credit amounts shown in “Other” in operating expenses above primarily represent insurance proceeds of approximately $4,759,000 received in the six months ended March 31, 2023 and federal relief proceeds received under the CRBG program in the six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 of approximately $1,267,000 and $1,123,000, respectively.

Land Management and Other Operations

The table below presents key operating measures for the three and six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 for the Land Management and Other Operations segment:

(in thousands) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | Three Months Ended March 31, |  |  | Change |  |  | Six Months Ended March 31, |  |  | Change |
|  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | $ |  |  | % |  |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | $ |  |  | % |
Revenue From: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Land and Other Leasing |  | $ | 273 |  |  | $ | 442 |  |  | $ | (169 | ) |  |  | (38.2 | )% |  | $ | 554 |  |  | $ | 970 |  |  | $ | (416 | ) |  |  | (42.9 | )%
Other |  |  | 84 |  |  |  | 167 |  |  |  | (83 | ) |  |  | (49.7 | )% |  |  | 123 |  |  |  | 228 |  |  |  | (105 | ) |  |  | (46.1 | )%
Total |  | $ | 357 |  |  | $ | 609 |  |  | $ | (252 | ) |  |  | (41.4 | )% |  | $ | 677 |  |  | $ | 1,198 |  |  | $ | (521 | ) |  |  | (43.5 | )%
Operating Expenses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Land and Other Leasing |  | $ | 98 |  |  | $ | 148 |  |  | $ | (50 | ) |  |  | (33.8 | )% |  | $ | 191 |  |  | $ | 288 |  |  | $ | (97 | ) |  |  | (33.7 | )%
Other |  |  | 4 |  |  |  | 4 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — | % |  |  | 5 |  |  |  | 4 |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | 25.0 | %
Total |  | $ | 102 |  |  | $ | 152 |  |  | $ | (50 | ) |  |  | (32.9 | )% |  | $ | 196 |  |  | $ | 292 |  |  | $ | (96 | ) |  |  | (32.9 | )%

Components of Results of Operations for Land Management and Other Operations Segment

Land and Other Leasing includes lease income from leases for grazing rights, hunting leases, a farm lease, a lease to a third party of an aggregate mine, leases of oil extraction rights to third parties, and other miscellaneous income.

Land and Other Leasing operating expenses includes real estate, property taxes, general and administrative expenses including salaries, benefits and legal.

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Comparison of the Three and Six Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 for the Land Management and Other Operations Segment

The decrease in revenues from Land Management and Other Operations for the three and six months ended March 31, 2023, as compared to the three and six months ended March 31, 2022, is primarily due to a decrease in grazing and hunting lease revenue due to the sales of portions of the Alico Ranch, which resulted in the reduction of land covered under grazing and hunting lease contracts. Additionally, the modification to the grazing leases resulted in a reduction in the ad valorem taxes due from the lessees, as the Company revised the grazing lease agreements due to the sale of certain of the ranch acres previously covered under the agreement.

The slight decrease in operating expenses from Land Management and Other Operations for the three and six months ended March 31, 2023, as compared to the three and six months ended March 31, 2022, is primarily due to the reduction of the ad valorem tax expense due to the Company owning fewer ranch acres as result of the sale of certain acres.

The following discussion provides an analysis of the Company’s results of operation, as a whole:

Operating Revenue

The decrease in revenue for the three and six months ended March 31, 2023, as compared to the three and six months ended March 31, 2022, was primarily driven by the overall decrease in fruit processed box production in the Early and Mid-Season and Valencia crop harvests as compared to the same period in the prior year, and the decrease in Grove Management Services, which are discussed in further details above.

Operating Expenses

The decrease in operating expenses for the three and six months ended March 31, 2023, as compared to the three and six months ended March 31, 2022 was primarily driven by lower cost of sales due to the inventory adjustments recorded at September 30, 2022 on the ending inventory balance, as a result of the impact of Hurricane Ian and a reduction in the harvest and haul expenses due to the decreased box production and a reduction in Grove Management Services, which are discussed in further detail above.

General and Administrative Expense

General and administrative expense for the three months ended March 31, 2023 was approximately $2,667,000, compared to approximately $2,538,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2022. The increase was primarily due to an increase in legal and professional fees of approximately $102,000, as compared to the same period in the prior year.

General and administrative expense for the six months ended March 31, 2023 was approximately $5,176,000, compared to approximately $5,122,000 for the six months ended March 31, 2022. The increase was primarily due to an increase in legal and professional fees of approximately $265,000, which was partially offset by lower stock compensation expenses, as compared to the same period in the prior year.

Other Income (expense), net

Other income, net for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, was approximately $330,000 and $25,735,000, respectively. The decrease to other income, net, is primarily due to the timing of the gains on sale of real estate, property and equipment and assets held for sale. During the quarter ended March 31, 2023 the Company sold approximately 279 acres, in the aggregate, from the Alico Ranch to several third parties and recognized gains of approximately $1,596,000. By comparison, for the three months ended March 31, 2022, the Company recognized gains of approximately $26,604,000 relating to the sale of real estate, property and equipment and assets held for sale. In addition, the Company recognized an increase in interest expense of

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approximately $404,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2023, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022, as a result of an increase in borrowings under the WCLC and an increase in the overall interest rates on its variable rate term debt and the WCLC.

Other income (expense), net for the six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 was approximately $2,371,000 and approximately $33,288,000, respectively. The decrease in other income, net, is primarily due to gains on sale of real estate, property and equipment and assets held for sale of approximately $4,763,000 relating to the sale during the six months ended March 31, 2023 of approximately 888 acres, in the aggregate, from the Alico Ranch to several third parties. By comparison, for the six months ended March 31, 2022, the Company recognized gains of approximately $35,049,000 relating to the sale of real estate, property and equipment and assets held for sale. Additionally, an increase in interest expense of approximately $651,000 for the six months ended March 31, 2023, as compared to the six months ended March 31, 2022, was the result of an increase in borrowings under the WCLC, and an increase in interest rates on its variable rate term debt and the variable rate interest on the WCLC.

Income Taxes

The income tax (benefit) provision was approximately ($534,000) and $6,579,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and approximately ($1,617,000) and $3,279,000 for the six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. During the six months ended March 31, 2022 the Company sold 1,638 acres of land to the State of Florida at a price below market value, which resulted in a charitable deduction for tax purposes and a tax benefit of approximately $4,900,000 impacting the income tax provision for the six-month period ended March 31, 2022. The decrease in the tax provision is the result of the net loss realized in the six-month period ending March 31, 2023 as compared to the net income realized in the six month period ending March 31, 2022, primarily due to the lower harvesting revenue generated and lower gains realized on the sale of real estate, property and equipment.

Seasonality

The Company is primarily engaged in the production of fruit for sale to citrus markets, which is of a seasonal nature, and subject to the influence of natural phenomena and wide price fluctuations. Historically, the second and third quarters of Alico’s fiscal year produce most of the Company's annual revenue. Working capital requirements are typically greater in the first and fourth quarters of the fiscal year, coinciding with harvesting cycles. Because of the seasonality of the business, results for any quarter are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be achieved for the full fiscal year.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

A comparative balance sheet summary is presented in the following table:

(in thousands) |  | March 31, |  |  | September 30, |  |  |  |
|  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | Change |
Cash and cash equivalents |  | $ | 148 |  |  | $ | 865 |  |  | $ | (717 | )
Total current assets |  | $ | 36,973 |  |  | $ | 31,616 |  |  | $ | 5,357 |
Total current liabilities |  | $ | 14,311 |  |  | $ | 16,525 |  |  | $ | (2,214 | )
Working capital |  | $ | 22,662 |  |  | $ | 15,091 |  |  | $ | 7,571 |
Total assets |  | $ | 411,561 |  |  | $ | 409,255 |  |  | $ | 2,306 |
Principal amount of term loans and lines of credit |  | $ | 126,301 |  |  | $ | 111,624 |  |  | $ | 14,677 |
Current ratio |  | 2.58 to 1 |  |  | 1.91 to 1 |  |  |  |

Sources and Uses of Liquidity and Capital

Alico's business has historically generated full fiscal year positive net cash flows from operating activities, although the net cash flow in the first quarter of each fiscal year has been negative because of seasonality and the associated need to expend cash in advance of generating revenues from the harvesting season. The Company's Early and Mid-Season and Valencia fiscal year 2023 harvest season generated lower revenue, as compared to the prior year, which decreased cash flow from operations for the first

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half of fiscal year 2023, as compared to the prior year. Sources of cash primarily include cash flows from operations, sales of under-performing land and other assets, amounts available under the Company’s credit facilities, and access to capital markets. Access to additional borrowings under revolving lines of credit is subject to the satisfaction of customary borrowing conditions. As a public company, Alico may have access to other sources of capital. However, access to, and availability of, financing on acceptable terms in the future will be affected by many factors, including (i) financial condition, prospects, and credit rating; (ii) liquidity of the overall capital markets; and (iii) the state of the economy. There can be no assurance that the Company will continue to have access to the capital markets on acceptable terms, or at all.

The principal uses of cash that affect Alico’s liquidity position include the following: operating expenses including employee costs, the cost of maintaining the citrus groves, harvesting and hauling of citrus products, capital expenditures, stock repurchases, dividends, debt service costs including interest and principal payments on term loans and other credit facilities and acquisitions.

Management believes that a combination of cash-on-hand, cash generated from operations, and asset sales and availability under the Company’s lines of credit will provide sufficient liquidity to service the principal and interest payments on its indebtedness and will satisfy working capital requirements and capital expenditures for at least the next twelve months and over the long term. However, this is subject, to a certain extent, on general economic, financial, competitive, regulatory and other factors that are beyond our control.

Borrowing Facilities and Long-term Debt

Alico has a $70,000,000 working capital line of credit, of which approximately $48,630,000 was available for general use as of March 31, 2023, and a $25,000,000 revolving line of credit, all of which was available for general use as of March 31, 2023 (see Note 5. “Long-Term Debt and Lines of Credit” to the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements). Additionally, effective May 1, 2021, the Company converted its Met Fixed-Rate Term Loans into interest bearing only loans with a balloon payment of the balance due at maturity, which is November 1, 2029. Such conversion has increased available cash and may be expected to continue to increase the available cash for the foreseeable future. The Company may utilize the available cash to pay down indebtedness, pursue citrus grove acquisitions, conduct share repurchases, and possibly reinstate increased dividends. If the Company chooses to pursue significant growth and other corporate opportunities, these actions could have a material adverse impact on its cash balances and may require the Company to finance such activities by drawing down on its lines of credit or by obtaining additional debt or equity financing. There can be no assurance that additional financing will be available to the Company when needed or, if available, that it can be obtained on commercially reasonable terms. Any inability to obtain additional financing could adversely impact Alico’s ability to pursue different growth and other corporate opportunities.

The level of debt could have important consequences on Alico's business, including, but not limited to, increasing its vulnerability to general adverse economic and industry conditions, limiting the availability of cash flow to fund future investments, capital expenditures, working capital, business activities and other general corporate requirements, and limiting flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in its business and industry.

Alico’s credit facilities are subject to various debt covenants including the following financial covenants: (i) minimum debt service coverage ratio of 1.10 to 1.00; (ii) tangible net worth of at least $160,000,000 increased annually by 10% of consolidated net income for the preceding years, or approximately $174,462,000 applicable for the year ended September 30, 2022; (iii) minimum current ratio of 1.50 to 1.00; (iv) debt to total assets ratio not greater than .625 to 1.00; and (v) solely in the case of the WCLC, a limit on capital expenditures of $30,000,000 per fiscal year. As of March 31, 2023, the Company was in compliance with all of the financial covenants, except for the minimum debt service coverage ratio of 1.10 to 1.00, for which the Company obtained a waiver from the lender, Rabo, for the second quarter ended March 31, 2023.

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Cash Management Impacts

Cash and cash equivalents increased from approximately $26,000 as of March 31, 2022, to approximately $148,000 as of March 31, 2023. The components of these changes are discussed below.

Net Cash (Used In)/Provided By Operating Activities

The following table details the items contributing to Net Cash (Used In) Provided By Operating Activities for the six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022:

(in thousands) |  | Six Months Ended March 31, |  |  |  |
|  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | Change |
Net (loss) income |  | $ | (11,317 | ) |  | $ | 30,697 |  |  | $ | (42,014 | )
Depreciation, depletion and amortization |  |  | 7,847 |  |  |  | 7,668 |  |  |  | 179 |
Gain on sale of real estate, property and equipment and assets held for sale |  |  | (4,763 | ) |  |  | (35,049 | ) |  |  | 30,286 |
Deferred income tax benefit |  |  | 52 |  |  |  | (4,746 | ) |  |  | 4,798 |
Loss on disposal of long-lived assets |  |  | 4,032 |  |  |  | 909 |  |  |  | 3,123 |
Inventory net realized value adjustment |  |  | 1,616 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1,616 |
Debt issue costs expense |  |  | 71 |  |  |  | 85 |  |  |  | (14 | )
Other |  |  | 18 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 18 |
Stock-based compensation expense |  |  | 533 |  |  |  | 630 |  |  |  | (97 | )
Change in operating assets and liabilities |  |  | (5,199 | ) |  |  | 8,604 |  |  |  | (13,803 | )
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities |  | $ | (7,110 | ) |  | $ | 8,798 |  |  | $ | (15,908 | )

The ($15,908) change from $8,798 Net cash provided by operating activities for the six months ended March 31, 2022, to ($7,110) of Net cash used in operating activities for the six months ended March 31, 2023, was primarily due to the lower box production as result of Hurricane Ian, and a reduction in grove management fees due to the termination of the grove management services by the Grove Owners. The Company also recorded additional costs related to the clean-up and repair costs due to Hurricane Ian. The change in operating assets and liabilities is primarily due to a smaller decrease in the inventory balance for the six months ended March 31, 2023, as compared to the same period in the prior year, primarily due to the Hurricane Ian inventory adjustments recorded as of September 30, 2022.

Net Cash (Used In) Provided By Investing Activities

The following table details the items contributing to Net Cash (Used In) Provided By Investing Activities for the six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022:

(in thousands) |  | Six Months Ended March 31, |  |  |  |
|  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | Change |
Capital expenditures: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Citrus trees |  | $ | (7,665 | ) |  | $ | (7,534 | ) |  | $ | (131 | )
Equipment and other |  |  | (780 | ) |  |  | (2,894 | ) |  |  | 2,114 |
Total |  |  | (8,445 | ) |  |  | (10,428 | ) |  |  | 1,983 |
Acquisition of citrus groves |  |  | (29 | ) |  |  | (136 | ) |  |  | 107 |
Net proceeds from sale of real estate, property and equipment and assets held for sale |  |  | 4,927 |  |  |  | 36,657 |  |  |  | (31,730 | )
Notes Receivable |  |  | (570 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (570 | )
Change in deposits on purchase of citrus trees |  |  | 6 |  |  |  | (95 | ) |  |  | 101 |
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities |  | $ | (4,111 | ) |  | $ | 25,998 |  |  | $ | (30,109 | )

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The $30,109 change from $25,998 Net cash provided by investing activities for the six months ended March 31, 2022, to $4,111 of Net cash used in investing activities for the six months ended March 31, 2023, was primarily due to the timing of ranch sales. The Company received net proceeds of $36,657 from the sale of real estate, property and equipment and assets held for sale in the six months ended March 31, 2022, when compared to $4,927 during the six months ended March 31, 2023.

Net Cash Provided By (Used In) Financing Activities

The following table details the items contributing to Net Cash Provided By (Used In) Financing Activities for the six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022:

(in thousands) |  | Six Months Ended March 31, |  |  |  |
|  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | Change |
Repayments on revolving lines of credit |  | $ | (24,995 | ) |  | $ | (46,470 | ) |  | $ | 21,475 |
Borrowings on revolving lines of credit |  |  | 41,189 |  |  |  | 46,470 |  |  |  | (5,281 | )
Principal payments on term loans |  |  | (1,517 | ) |  |  | (2,143 | ) |  |  | 626 |
Exercise of stock options |  |  | — |  |  |  | 170 |  |  |  | (170 | )
Dividends paid |  |  | (4,173 | ) |  |  | (7,533 | ) |  |  | 3,360 |
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities |  | $ | 10,504 |  |  | $ | (9,506 | ) |  | $ | 20,010 |

The increase of $20,010 in cash provided by financing activities for the six months ended March 31, 2023 to $10,504, as compared to $9,506 cash used in financing activities for the six months ended March 31, 2022, was primarily due to the Company increasing the net borrowings under the working capital line of credit during the six months ended March 31, 2023, as compared to the same period in the prior year. This was primarily due to the lower proceeds from the sale of real estate, property and equipment and assets held for sale in the six months ended March 31, 2023, when compared to the prior six months ended March 31, 2022.

The Company had approximately $21,122,000 and $0 outstanding on its revolving lines of credit as of March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

The WCLC line of credit agreement provides for Rabo Agrifinance, Inc. to issue up to $2,000,000 in letters of credit on the Company’s behalf. As of March 31, 2023, there was approximately $248,000 in outstanding letters of credit, which correspondingly reduced Alico's availability under the WCLC line of credit.

Purchase Commitments

The Company enters into contracts for the purchase of citrus trees during the normal course of its business. As of March 31, 2023, the Company had approximately $4,762,000 relating to outstanding commitments for these purchases that will be paid upon the delivery of the remaining citrus trees.

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Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitati ve Disclosures About Market Risk

Market Risk - Market risk represents the potential loss resulting from adverse changes in the value of financial instruments, either derivative or non-derivative, caused by fluctuations in interest rates, foreign exchange rates, commodity prices, and equity security prices. The Company handles market risks in accordance with its established policies; however, Alico does not enter into derivatives or other financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes. The Company does consider, on occasion, the need to enter into financial instruments to manage and reduce the impact of changes in interest rates; however, the Company entered into no such instruments during the three months ended March 31, 2023. The Company held various financial instruments as of March 31, 2023, consisting of financial assets and liabilities reported in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets and off-balance sheet exposures resulting from letters of credit issued for the benefit of Alico.

Interest Rate Risk - The Company is subject to interest rate risk from the utilization of financial instruments such as term loan debt and other borrowings. The Company’s primary long-term obligations are fixed rate debts subject to fair value risk due to interest rate fluctuations. The Company believes that the carrying value of its long-term debt approximates fair value as of March 31, 2023 and continues to manage interest rate risk in the current environment by monitoring the value of its collateral. The Company is also subject to interest rate risk on its variable rate debt. A one-percentage-point increase in prevailing interest rates would have increased interest expense on our variable rate debt obligations by approximately $100,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2023.

Foreign-Exchange Rate Risk - The Company currently has no exposure to foreign-exchange rate risk because all of its financial transactions are denominated in U.S. dollars.

Commodity Price Risk - The Company has no financial instruments subject to commodity price risk.

Equity Security Price Risk - None of the Company’s financial instruments have potential exposure to equity security price risk.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Limitations on effectiveness of controls and procedures

In designing and evaluating our disclosure controls and procedures, management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives. In addition, the design of disclosure controls and procedures must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints and that management is required to apply judgment in evaluating the benefits of possible controls and procedures relative to their costs.

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures.

Our management, with the participation of our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, (the “Exchange Act”) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on this evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this report, our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective at the reasonable assurance level solely as a result of the material weaknesses management identified in our internal control over financial reporting as previously disclosed in our Annual Report on the Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2022.

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Material Weaknesses in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

A material weakness is a deficiency, or combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis.

As previously disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2022, management identified the following material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting that continued to exist as of March 31, 2023:

•
The Company identified a deficiency as it related to controls around the completeness and accuracy of the information used in the preparation of its income tax provision.
•
The Company did not design effective controls surrounding the evaluation of misstatements and the impact to the financial statements for all periods presented.

Remediation Plan

Management, with oversight by our Audit Committee, has designed and implemented the following internal control procedures, which are intended to address the completeness and accuracy of the information used in the preparation of our income tax provisions and the evaluation of the impact of errors in our financial statements:

•
Instituted a process to reconcile the amounts to the underlying support with any differences investigated and resolved prior to completion of the year-end tax provision. This includes the proper documentation, review and approval of the quarterly tax provision workpapers by management.
•
Each quarter, management will document the evaluation of misstatements, if any, and the impact to the financial statements.

While we believe that these actions will remediate the identified material weaknesses, until the remediation steps set forth above, including the efforts to implement the necessary control activities we identify, are fully implemented, and concluded to be operating effectively, the material weaknesses will not be considered remediated. As we continue to evaluate and work to remediate the material weaknesses, we may take additional measures to address the control deficiencies.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting.

During the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2023, other than the changes described above in the “Remediation Plan,” there were no changes in our internal controls over financial reporting that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II - OTHE R INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

From time to time, Alico may be involved in litigation relating to claims arising out of its operations in the normal course of business. There are no current legal proceedings to which the Company is a party or of which any of its property is subject that it believes will have a material adverse effect on its financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

On February 17, 2023, a class action complaint was filed in the Middle District of Florida captioned Sinder v. Alico, Inc. et al., Case No. 2:23-cv-00107 (the “Sinder” matter) asserting violations of Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Exchange Act of 1934 against the Company and certain of its current and former officers on behalf of a putative class of investors who purchased the Company’s common stock between February 4, 2021 and December 13, 2022. The complaint alleges, among other things, that the Company and certain of its current and former officers made false and misleading statements and failed to disclose certain information regarding the Company’s financial reporting and December 13, 2022 restatement of the Company’s previously issued financial statements. Plaintiff seeks damages, interest, costs, expenses, attorneys’ fees, and other unspecified relief.

On March 7, 2023, an alleged shareholder filed a derivative complaint purportedly on behalf of the Company against certain of its current and former officers and directors in the 20th Judicial Circuit for Lee County, Florida captioned Assad v. Brokaw et al., Case # 23-CA-001484 (the “Assad” matter). The complaint asserts claims of breach of fiduciary duty and unjust enrichment arising from substantially similar allegations as those contained in the securities class action described above. The complaint seeks an unspecified sum of damages, interest, restitution, expenses, attorneys’ fees and other equitable relief. To the best of the Company’s knowledge as of April 28, 2023, no defendants have been served with this lawsuit.

The Company believes that the claims in both the Sinder and Assad matters are without merit. Although the outcome of any complex litigation is inherently uncertain, based on information presently known to management, the Company does not believe that the matters are likely to have a material adverse effect on its financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Item 1A. Ri sk Factors

There have been no material changes in the risk factors set forth in Part 1, Item 1A, “Risk Factors” in Alico's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2022, as filed with the SEC on December 13, 2022.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equi ty Securities and Use of Proceeds

There were no sales of unregistered equity securities during the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

There were no issuer repurchases of the Company’s equity securities during the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

I tem 3. Defaults Upo n Senior Securities

None.

Item 4. Mine Saf ety Disclosure

Not Applicable.

Item 5. Other Information

None.

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Item 6. Exhibits

Exhibit Number |  | Exhibit Index
3.1 |  | Restated Certificate of Incorporation, dated February 17, 1972 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of Alico's filing on Form 10-K dated December 11, 2017)
3.2 |  | Certificate of Amendment to Certificate of Incorporation, dated January 14, 1974 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 of Alico’s Registration Statement on Form S-8, dated December 21, 2005, Registration No. 333-130575)
3.3 |  | Amendment to Articles of Incorporation, dated January 14, 1987 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 of Alico’s Registration Statement on Form S-8, dated December 21, 2005, Registration No. 333-130575)
3.4 |  | Amendment to Articles of Incorporation, dated December 27, 1988 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.4 of Alico’s Registration Statement on Form S-8, dated December 21, 2005, Registration No. 333-130575)
3.5 |  | Second Amended By-Laws of Alico, Inc., amended and restated (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.6 of Alico’s filing on Form 8-K dated January 15, 2021)
10.1 |  | Option To Defer Principal Payments - First Amended and Restated Credit Agreement with Metropolitan Life Insurance Company and New England Life Insurance Company dated February 17, 2023.
31.1 | * | Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 Rule 13a-14(a) certification
31.2 | * | Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 Rule 13a-14(a) certification
32.1 | ** | Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350
32.2 | ** | Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350
101.INS | * | Inline XBRL Instance Document - The instance document does not appear in the interactive data file because its XBRL tags are embedded within the inline XBRL document.
101.SCH | * | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL | * | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF | * | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB | * | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE | * | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
104 | * | Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101.
* |  | Filed herewith.
** |  | Furnished herewith.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

|  | ALICO, INC. (Registrant)
May 4, 2023 | By: | /s/ John E. Kiernan
|  | John E. Kiernan
|  | President and Chief Executive Officer
|  | (Principal Executive Officer)

May 4, 2023 | By: | /s/ Perry Del Vecchio
|  | Perry Del Vecchio
|  | Chief Financial Officer
|  | (Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)

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