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Note 2 - Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2023
Notes to Financial Statements |
Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies [Text Block] | Note 2. Basis of presentation and significant accounting policies The consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) and pursuant to the requirements for reporting on Form 10‑K and Articles 6 and 10 of Regulation S-X (“Regulation S-X”) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”). In the opinion of management, the consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments and reclassifications, consisting solely of normal recurring accruals, that are necessary for the fair presentation of financial results as of and for the periods presented. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated. Principles of consolidation As required under GAAP and Regulation S-X, the Company will generally consolidate its investment in a company that is an investment company subsidiary or a controlled operating company whose business consists of providing services to the Company. Accordingly, the Company consolidated the results of the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiaries in its consolidated financial statements. Assets related to transactions that do not meet Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 860, Transfers and Servicing requirements for accounting sale treatment are reflected in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Assets and Liabilities as investments. Those assets are owned by special purpose entities, including 2019‑1 Entities and 2022-1 Entities, that are consolidated in the Company’s consolidated financial statements. The creditors of the special purpose entities have received security interests in such assets, and such assets are not intended to be available to the creditors of the Company (or any affiliate of the Company). Use of estimates In preparing the consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP, management is required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities, as of the date of the balance sheet and income and expenses for the period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant change in the near term relate to the valuation of investments. Fair value The Company records all of its investments at fair value in accordance with relevant GAAP, which establishes a framework used to measure fair value and requires disclosures for fair value measurements. The Company has categorized its investments carried at fair value, based on the priority of the valuation technique, into a three-level fair value hierarchy as more fully described in Note 6. Fair value is a market-based measure considered from the perspective of the market participant who holds the financial instrument rather than an entity specific measure. Therefore, when market assumptions are not readily available, the Company’s own assumptions are set to reflect those that management believes market participants would use in pricing the financial instrument at the measurement date. The availability of observable inputs can vary depending on the financial instrument and is affected by a wide variety of factors, including, for example, the type of product, whether the product is new, whether the product is traded on an active exchange or in the secondary market and the current market conditions. To the extent that the valuation is based on models or inputs that are less observable or unobservable in the market, the determination of fair value requires more judgment. Accordingly, the degree of judgment exercised by the Company in determining fair value is greatest for financial instruments classified as Level 3. See Note 6 for additional information regarding fair value. Segments The Company has determined that it has a single reporting segment and operating unit structure. The Company lends to and invests in portfolio companies in various technology, life science, healthcare information and services and sustainability industries. The Company separately evaluates the performance of each of its lending and investment relationships. However, because each of these debt investments and investment relationships has similar business and economic characteristics, they have been aggregated into a single lending and investment segment. Investments Investments are recorded at fair value. Pursuant to the amended SEC Rule 2a-5 of the 1940 Act, on July 29, 2022, the Company's board of directors (the “Board”) designated the Advisor as the Company’s “valuation designee.” The valuation designee determines the fair value of the Company’s portfolio investments and the Company's Board oversees the valuation designee. The Company has the intent to hold its debt investments for the foreseeable future or until maturity or payoff. Interest on debt investments is accrued and included in income based on contractual rates applied to principal amounts outstanding. Interest income is determined using a method that results in a level rate of return on principal amounts outstanding. Generally, when a debt investment becomes 90 days or more past due, or if the Company otherwise does not expect to receive interest and principal repayments, the debt investment is placed on non-accrual status and the recognition of interest income may be discontinued. Interest payments received on non-accrual debt investments may be recognized as income, on a cash basis, or applied to principal depending upon management’s judgment at the time the debt investment is placed on non-accrual status. As of December 31, 2023, there were four investments on non-accrual status with a cost of $72.5 million and a fair value of $27.6 million. As of December 31, 2022, there were three investments on non-accrual status with a cost of $20.9 million and a fair value of $8.3 million. For the year ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company did not recognize any interest income from debt investments while on non-accrual status. For the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company recognized, as interest income, payments of $1.3 million received from two portfolio companies whose debt investments were on non-accrual status. The Company has a limited number of debt investments in its portfolio that contain a PIK provision. Contractual PIK interest, which represents contractually deferred interest added to the loan balance that is generally due at the end of the loan term, is generally recorded on an accrual basis to the extent such amounts are expected to be collected. For the year ended December 31, 2023, 7.4% of the Company’s total investment income was attributable to non-cash PIK interest. For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company recorded no PIK interest income. The Company will generally cease accruing PIK interest if management does not expect the portfolio company to be able to pay all principal and interest due. For the year ended December 31, 2023, two debt investments, which had accrued PIK interest into income of $3.9 million and $0.2 million during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, were placed on nonaccrual status. The Company receives a variety of fees from borrowers in the ordinary course of conducting its business, including advisory fees, commitment fees, amendment fees, non-utilization fees, success fees and prepayment fees. In a limited number of cases, the Company may also receive a non-refundable deposit earned upon the termination of a transaction. Debt investment origination fees, net of certain direct origination costs, are deferred and, along with unearned income, are amortized as a level-yield adjustment over the respective term of the debt investment. All other income is recognized when earned. Fees for counterparty debt investment commitments with multiple debt investments are allocated to each debt investment based upon each debt investment’s relative fair value. When a debt investment is placed on non-accrual status, the amortization of the related fees and unearned income is discontinued until the debt investment is returned to accrual status. Certain debt investment agreements also require the borrower to make an ETP, that is accrued into interest receivable and taken into income over the life of the debt investment to the extent such amounts are expected to be collected. The Company will generally cease accruing the income if there is insufficient value to support the accrual or the Company does not expect the borrower to be able to pay the ETP when due. The proportion of the Company’s total investment income that resulted from the portion of ETPs not received in cash for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 was 4.2%, 7.4% and 5.9%, respectively. In connection with substantially all lending arrangements, the Company receives warrants to purchase shares of stock from the borrower. The warrants are recorded as assets at estimated fair value on the grant date using the Black-Scholes valuation model. The warrants are considered loan fees and are recorded as unearned income on the grant date. The unearned income is recognized as interest income over the contractual life of the related debt investment in accordance with the Company’s income recognition policy. Subsequent to debt investment origination, the fair value of the warrants is determined using the Black-Scholes valuation model. Any adjustment to fair value is recorded through earnings as net unrealized appreciation or depreciation on investments. Gains and losses from the disposition of the warrants or stock acquired from the exercise of warrants are recognized as realized gains and losses on investments. Realized gains or losses on the sale of investments, or upon the determination that an investment balance, or portion thereof, is not recoverable, are calculated using the specific identification method. The Company measures realized gains or losses by calculating the difference between the net proceeds from the repayment or sale and the amortized cost basis of the investment. Net change in unrealized appreciation or depreciation reflects the change in the fair values of the Company’s portfolio investments during the reporting period, including any reversal of previously recorded unrealized appreciation or depreciation when gains or losses are realized. Debt issuance costs Debt issuance costs are fees and other direct incremental costs incurred by the Company in obtaining debt financing from its lenders and issuing debt securities. The unamortized balance of debt issuance costs as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 was $5.8 million and $7.1 million, respectively. These amounts are amortized and included in interest expense in the consolidated statements of operations over the life of the borrowings. The accumulated amortization balances as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 were $6.9 million and $4.8 million, respectively. The amortization expense for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 was $1.9 million, $1.6 million and $1.1 million, respectively. Income taxes As a BDC, the Company has elected to be treated as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code and operates in a manner so as to qualify for the tax treatment applicable to RICs. In order to qualify as a RIC and to avoid the imposition of corporate-level income tax on the portion of its taxable income distributed to stockholders, among other things, the Company is required to meet certain source of income and asset diversification requirements and to timely distribute dividends out of assets legally available for distribution to its stockholders of an amount generally at least equal to 90% of its investment company taxable income, as defined by the Code and determined without regard to any deduction for dividends paid, for each tax year. The Company, among other things, has made and intends to continue to make the requisite distributions to its stockholders, which generally relieves the Company from corporate-level U.S. federal income taxes. Accordingly, no provision for federal income tax has been recorded in the financial statements. Differences between taxable income and net increase in net assets resulting from operations either can be temporary, meaning they will reverse in the future, or permanent. In accordance with ASC Topic 946, Financial Services—Investment Companies, as amended, of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”), permanent tax differences, such as non-deductible excise taxes paid, are reclassified from distributions in excess of net investment income and net realized loss on investments to paid-in-capital at the end of each fiscal year. These permanent book-to-tax differences are reclassified on the consolidated statements of changes in net assets to reflect their tax character but have no impact on total net assets. For the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, the Company reclassified $1.5 million, $0.7 million and $0.4 million, respectively, to paid-in capital from distributions in excess of net investment income, which related to excise taxes payable. Depending on the level of taxable income earned in a tax year, the Company may choose to carry forward taxable income in excess of current year distributions into the next tax year and incur a 4% U.S. federal excise tax on such income, as required. To the extent that the Company determines that its estimated current year annual taxable income will be in excess of estimated current year distributions, the Company accrues excise tax, if any, on estimated excess taxable income as taxable income is earned. For the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, $1.5 million, $0.7 million and $0.4 million, respectively, was recorded for U.S. federal excise tax. The Company evaluates tax positions taken in the course of preparing the Company’s tax returns to determine whether the tax positions are “more-likely-than-not” to be sustained by the applicable tax authority in accordance with ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes, as modified by ASC Topic 946. Tax benefits of positions not deemed to meet the more-likely-than-not threshold, or uncertain tax positions, would be recorded as a tax expense in the current year. It is the Company’s policy to recognize accrued interest and penalties related to uncertain tax benefits in income tax expense. The Company had no material uncertain tax positions at December 31, 2023 and 2022. The Company’s income tax returns for the 2023, 2022, 2021 and 2020 tax years remain subject to examination by U.S. federal and state tax authorities. Distributions Distributions to common stockholders are recorded on the declaration date. The amount to be paid out as distributions is determined by the Board. Net realized capital gains, if any, may be distributed, although the Company may decide to retain such net realized gains for investment. The Company has adopted a dividend reinvestment plan that provides for reinvestment of cash distributions on behalf of its stockholders, unless a stockholder elects to receive cash. As a result, if the Board declares a cash distribution, then stockholders who have not “opted out” of the dividend reinvestment plan will have their cash distributions automatically reinvested in additional shares of the Company’s common stock, rather than receiving the cash distribution. The Company may issue new shares or purchase shares in the open market to fulfill its obligations under the plan. Stockholders’ Equity On July 30, 2020, the Company entered into an At-The-Market (“ATM”) sales agreement (the “2020 Equity Distribution Agreement”), with Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC and B. Riley FBR, Inc., (each a “Sales Agent” and, collectively, the “Sales Agents”). The 2020 Equity Distribution Agreement provided that the Company may offer and sell shares of common stock from time to time through the Sales Agents representing up to $100.0 million worth of its common stock, in amounts and at times to be determined by the Company. On August 2, 2021, the Company entered into an ATM sales agreement (the “2021 Equity Distribution Agreement”), with the Sales Agents. The 2021 Equity Distribution Agreement provided that the Company may offer and sell its shares of common stock from time to time through the Sales Agents up to $100.0 million worth of its common stock, in amounts and at times to be determined by the Company. On September 22, 2023, the Company terminated the 2021 Equity Distribution Agreement and entered into a new ATM sales agreement (the “2023 Equity Distribution Agreement”), with the Sales Agents. The remaining shares available under the 2021 Equity Distribution Agreement are no longer available for issuance. The 2023 Equity Distribution Agreement provides that the Company may offer and sell its shares of its common stock from time to time through the Sales Agents up to $150.0 million worth of its common stock, in amounts and at times to be determined by the Company. Sales of the Company’s common stock, if any, may be made in negotiated transactions or transactions that are deemed to be “at-the-market,” as defined in Rule 415 under the Securities Act, including sales made directly on the Nasdaq or similar securities exchange or sales made to or through a market maker other than on an exchange, at prices related to the prevailing market prices or at negotiated prices. During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company sold 2,248,830 shares of common stock under the 2023 Equity Distribution Agreement and the 2021 Equity Distribution Agreement. For the same period, the Company received total accumulated net proceeds of approximately $26.2 million, including $0.7 million of offering expenses, from these sales. During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company sold 3,982,684 shares of common stock under the 2021 Equity Distribution Agreement. For the same period, the Company received total accumulated net proceeds of approximately $50.3 million, including $1.0 million of offering expenses, from these sales. During the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company sold 1,907,234 shares of common stock under the 2021 Equity Distribution Agreement and the 2020 Equity Distribution Agreement. For the same period, the Company received total accumulated net proceeds of approximately $30.1 million, including $0.8 million of offering expenses, from these sales. The Company generally uses net proceeds from these offerings to make investments, to pay down liabilities and for general corporate purposes. As of December 31, 2023, shares representing approximately $146.7 million of its common stock remain available for issuance and sale under the 2023 Equity Distribution Agreement. On March 14, 2022, the Company completed a follow-on public offering of 2,500,000 shares of its common stock at a public offering price of $14.35 per share, for total net proceeds to the Company of $34.3 million, after deducting underwriting commission and discounts and other offering expenses. On June 2, 2023, the Company completed a follow-on public offering of 3,250,000 shares of its common stock at a public offering price of $12.50 per share, for total net proceeds to the Company of $38.9 million, after deducting underwriting commission and discounts and other offering expenses. Stock Repurchase Program On April 28, 2023, the Board extended a previously authorized stock repurchase program which allows the Company to repurchase up to $5.0 million of its common stock at prices below the Company’s net asset value per share as reported in its most recent consolidated financial statements. Under the repurchase program, the Company may, but is not obligated to, repurchase shares of its outstanding common stock in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions from time to time. Any repurchases by the Company will comply with the requirements of Rule 10b‑18 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and any applicable requirements of the 1940 Act. Unless extended by the Board, the repurchase program will terminate on the earlier of June 30, 2024 or the repurchase of $5.0 million of the Company’s common stock. During the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, the Company did not make any repurchases of its common stock. From the inception of the stock repurchase program through December 31, 2023, the Company repurchased 167,465 shares of its common stock at an average price of $11.22 on the open market at a total cost of $1.9 million. Transfers of financial assets Assets related to transactions that do not meet the requirements under ASC Topic 860, Transfers and Servicing for sale treatment under GAAP are reflected in the Company’s consolidated statements of assets and liabilities as investments. Those assets are owned by special purpose entities that are consolidated in the Company’s financial statements. The creditors of the special purpose entities have received security interests in such assets and such assets are not intended to be available to the creditors of the Company (or any other affiliate of the Company). Transfers of financial assets are accounted for as sales when control over the assets has been surrendered. Control over transferred assets is deemed to be surrendered when (1) the assets have been isolated from the Company — put presumptively beyond the reach of the transferor and its creditors, even in bankruptcy or other receivership, (2) the transferee obtains the right (free of conditions that constrain it from taking advantage of that right) to pledge or exchange the transferred assets and (3) the transferor does not maintain effective control over the transferred assets through either (a) an agreement that both entitles and obligates the transferor to repurchase or redeem the assets before maturity or (b) the ability to unilaterally cause the holder to return specific assets, other than through a cleanup call. Recently adopted accounting pronouncement In October 2023, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2023-06, Codification Amendments in Response to the SEC's Disclosure Update and Simplification Initiative (“ASU 2023-06”). ASU 2023-06 amends the disclosure or presentation requirements related to various subtopics in the FASB Accounting Standards Codification including requiring investment companies to disclose the components of capital on the balance sheet. The amendments in ASU 2023-06 were effective on the date which the SEC’s removal of that related disclosure from Regulation S-X or Regulation S-K became effective. The adoption of ASU 2023-06 did not have an impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements. Recently issued accounting pronouncement In June 2022, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2022-03, Fair Value Measurement of Equity Securities Subject to Contractual Sale Restrictions (“ASU 2022-03”). ASU 2022-03 clarifies the guidance when measuring the fair value of an equity security subject to contractual restrictions that prohibit the sale of the security. The amendments in ASU 2022-03 are effective for public companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company has concluded that the adoption of ASU 2022-03 will not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

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- Definition The entire disclosure for the basis of presentation and significant accounting policies concepts. Basis of presentation describes the underlying basis used to prepare the financial statements (for example, US Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, Other Comprehensive Basis of Accounting, IFRS). Accounting policies describe all significant accounting policies of the reporting entity. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Topic 235 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org//235/tableOfContent + Details
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