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LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2021
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Abstract]  
LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES
The composition of the loan portfolio, net of deferred origination fees and costs, is summarized as follows (in thousands):
September 30, 2021December 31, 2020
Commercial and agricultural:
Commercial and industrial$270,656 $368,663 
Agricultural419 283 
Commercial mortgages:
Construction67,445 61,945 
Commercial mortgages, other721,709 654,663 
Residential mortgages253,991 239,401 
Consumer loans:
Home equity lines and loans72,471 78,547 
Indirect consumer loans119,772 120,538 
Direct consumer loans10,205 12,423 
Total loans, net of deferred loan fees and costs1,516,668 1,536,463 
Interest receivable on loans4,261 5,035 
Total recorded investment in loans$1,520,929 $1,541,498 

The Corporation's concentrations of credit risk by loan type are reflected in the preceding table. The concentrations of credit risk with standby letters of credit, committed lines of credit and commitments to originate new loans generally follow the loan classifications in the table above. As of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Corporation had outstanding PPP loan balances of $68.1 million and $150.9 million, respectively, which were included in commercial and industrial loans in the table above. These loans require no allowance for loan losses as of September 30, 2021 since they are government guaranteed loans.

The following tables present the activity in the allowance for loan losses by portfolio segment for the three month periods ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 (in thousands):
Three Months Ended September 30, 2021
Allowance for loan lossesCommercial and AgriculturalCommercial MortgagesResidential MortgagesConsumer LoansTotal
Beginning balance$3,628 $12,963 $1,791 $2,294 $20,676 
Charge-offs— (44)— (190)(234)
Recoveries— 133 142 
Net recoveries (charge-offs)(43)— (57)(92)
Provision(15)361 80 (70)356 
Ending balance$3,621 $13,281 $1,871 $2,167 $20,940 
Three Months Ended September 30, 2020
Allowance for loan lossesCommercial and AgriculturalCommercial MortgagesResidential MortgagesConsumer LoansTotal
Beginning balance$8,327 $10,549 $1,891 $3,363 $24,130 
Charge-offs(68)— (42)(216)(326)
Recoveries18 — 87 107 
Net recoveries (charge-offs)(50)(42)(129)(219)
Provision180 361 232 (94)679 
Ending balance$8,457 $10,912 $2,081 $3,140 $24,590 
The following tables present the activity in the allowance for loan losses by portfolio segment for the nine month periods ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 (in thousands):

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
Allowance for loan lossesCommercial and AgriculturalCommercial MortgagesResidential MortgagesConsumer LoansTotal
Beginning balance$4,493 $11,496 $2,079 $2,856 $20,924 
Charge-offs(25)(44)(71)(510)(650)
Recoveries283 10 424 719 
Net recoveries (charge-offs)258 (42)(61)(86)69 
Provision(1,130)1,827 (147)(603)(53)
Ending balance$3,621 $13,281 $1,871 $2,167 $20,940 
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020
Allowance for loan lossesCommercial and AgriculturalCommercial MortgagesResidential MortgagesConsumer LoansTotal
Beginning balance$10,227 $8,869 $1,252 $3,130 $23,478 
Charge-offs(134)(2,143)(56)(915)(3,248)
Recoveries27 49 293 371 
Net recoveries (charge-offs)(107)(2,141)(7)(622)(2,877)
Provision(1,663)4,184 836 632 3,989 
Ending balance$8,457 $10,912 $2,081 $3,140 $24,590 

The following tables present the balance in the allowance for loan losses and the recorded investment in loans by portfolio segment and based on impairment method as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 (in thousands):
 September 30, 2021
Allowance for loan losses:Commercial and AgriculturalCommercial MortgagesResidential MortgagesConsumer LoansTotal
Ending allowance balance attributable to loans:
Individually evaluated for impairment$1,525 $1,800 $— $73 $3,398 
Collectively evaluated for impairment2,096 11,481 1,871 2,094 17,542 
   Total ending allowance balance$3,621 $13,281 $1,871 $2,167 $20,940 

 December 31, 2020
Allowance for loan losses:Commercial and AgriculturalCommercial MortgagesResidential MortgagesConsumer LoansTotal
Ending allowance balance attributable to loans:
Individually evaluated for impairment$1,401 $74 $— $52 $1,527 
Collectively evaluated for impairment3,092 11,422 2,079 2,804 19,397 
   Total ending allowance balance$4,493 $11,496 $2,079 $2,856 $20,924 
 September 30, 2021
Loans:Commercial and AgriculturalCommercial MortgagesResidential MortgagesConsumer LoansTotal
Loans individually evaluated for impairment$2,582 $8,356 $946 $333 $12,217 
Loans collectively evaluated for  impairment269,290 783,120 253,695 202,607 1,508,712 
   Total ending loans balance$271,872 $791,476 $254,641 $202,940 $1,520,929 

 December 31, 2020
Loans:Commercial and AgriculturalCommercial MortgagesResidential MortgagesConsumer LoansTotal
Loans individually evaluated for impairment$3,400 $5,117 $1,271 $801 $10,589 
Loans collectively evaluated for  impairment366,852 714,028 238,742 211,287 1,530,909 
   Total ending loans balance$370,252 $719,145 $240,013 $212,088 $1,541,498 

The following table presents loans individually evaluated for impairment recognized by class of loans as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 (in thousands):
 September 30, 2021December 31, 2020
With no related allowance recorded:Unpaid Principal BalanceRecorded InvestmentAllowance for Loan Losses AllocatedUnpaid Principal BalanceRecorded InvestmentAllowance for Loan Losses Allocated
Commercial and agricultural:
Commercial and industrial$995 $970 $— $1,960 $1,963 $— 
Commercial mortgages:
Construction143 143 — 188 189 — 
Commercial mortgages, other7,312 4,651 — 6,814 4,760 — 
Residential mortgages960 946 — 1,283 1,271 — 
Consumer loans:
Home equity lines and loans195 179 — 645 631 — 
With an allowance recorded:
Commercial and agricultural:
Commercial and industrial5,487 1,612 1,525 5,228 1,437 1,401 
Commercial mortgages:
Commercial mortgages, other3,554 3,562 1,800 258 168 74 
Consumer loans:
Home equity lines and loans154 154 73 170 170 52 
Total$18,800 $12,217 $3,398 $16,546 $10,589 $1,527 
The following table presents the average recorded investment and interest income of loans individually evaluated for impairment recognized by class of loans for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 (in thousands):
 Three Months Ended 
 September 30, 2021
Three Months Ended 
 September 30, 2020
Nine Months Ended 
 September 30, 2021
Nine Months Ended 
 September 30, 2020
With no related allowance recorded:Average Recorded InvestmentInterest Income Recognized
(1)
Average Recorded InvestmentInterest Income Recognized
(1)
Average Recorded InvestmentInterest Income Recognized
(1)
Average Recorded InvestmentInterest Income Recognized
(1)
Commercial and agricultural:
Commercial and industrial$1,378 $$1,239 $$1,645 $$679 $
Commercial mortgages:
Construction151 213 167 226 
Commercial mortgages, other4,665 4,515 — 4,743 23 3,938 — 
Residential mortgages950 12 1,224 1,034 29 873 17 
Consumer loans:
Home equity lines & loans184 650 299 399 
With an allowance recorded:
Commercial and agricultural:
Commercial and industrial1,545 5,804 1,511 5,867 
Commercial mortgages:
Commercial mortgages, other3,644 25 2,229 1,905 25 3,645 16 
Consumer loans:
Home equity lines and loans155 — 175 — 160 — 88 — 
Total$12,672 $55 $16,049 $23 $11,464 $96 $15,715 $50 
(1)Cash basis interest income approximates interest income recognized.
The following table presents the recorded investment in non-accrual and loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing by class of loans as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 (in thousands):
Non-accrualLoans Past Due 90 Days or More and Still Accruing
September 30, 2021December 31, 2020September 30, 2021December 31, 2020
Commercial and agricultural:
Commercial and industrial$2,080 $2,167 $$
Commercial mortgages:
Construction36 55 — — 
Commercial mortgages, other4,212 4,415 — — 
Residential mortgages845 1,632 — — 
Consumer loans:
Home equity lines and loans819 1,159 — — 
Indirect consumer loans367 519 — — 
Direct consumer loans14 — — 
Total$8,373 $9,952 $$
The following tables present the aging of the recorded investment in loans as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 (in thousands):
September 30, 2021
 30 - 59 Days Past Due60 - 89 Days Past Due90 Days or More Past DueTotal Past DueLoans Not Past DueTotal
Commercial and agricultural:
Commercial and industrial$1,110 $1,375 $45 $2,530 $268,921 $271,451 
Agricultural— — — — 421 421 
Commercial mortgages: 
Construction— — — — 67,644 67,644 
Commercial mortgages, other2,056 2,615 217 4,888 718,944 723,832 
Residential mortgages1,226 131 436 1,793 252,848 254,641 
Consumer loans: 
Home equity lines and loans115 161 542 818 71,835 72,653 
Indirect consumer loans764 83 161 1,008 119,037 120,045 
Direct consumer loans13 28 10,214 10,242 
Total$5,284 $4,372 $1,409 $11,065 $1,509,864 $1,520,929 

December 31, 2020
 30 - 59 Days Past Due60 - 89 Days Past Due90 Days or More Past DueTotal Past DueLoans Not Past DueTotal
Commercial and agricultural:
Commercial and industrial$520 $14 $30 $564 $369,404 $369,968 
Agricultural— — — — 284 284 
Commercial mortgages: 
Construction— — — — 62,164 62,164 
Commercial mortgages, other1,438 3,696 308 5,442 651,539 656,981 
Residential mortgages817 406 461 1,684 238,329 240,013 
Consumer loans: 
Home equity lines and loans521 41 474 1,036 77,725 78,761 
Indirect consumer loans1,268 198 252 1,718 119,135 120,853 
Direct consumer loans34 — 36 12,438 12,474 
Total$4,598 $4,357 $1,525 $10,480 $1,531,018 $1,541,498 

Troubled Debt Restructurings:

A modification of a loan may result in classification as a TDR when a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and the modification constitutes a concession.  The Corporation offers various types of modifications which may involve a change in the schedule of payments, a reduction in the interest rate, an extension of the maturity date, extending the maturity date at an interest rate lower than the current market rate for new debt with similar risk, requesting additional collateral, releasing collateral for consideration, substituting or adding a new borrower or guarantor, a permanent reduction of the recorded investment in the loan or a permanent reduction of the interest on the loan. Under Section 4013 of the CARES Act, loans less than 30 days past due as of December 31, 2019 will be considered current for COVID-19 related modifications and therefore will not be treated as TDRs. At its highest point as of May 31, 2020, in conformance with Section 4013 of the CARES Act, total loan forbearances represented 15.77% of the Corporation's total loan portfolio, or $242.5 million. As of September 30, 2021, 11 loans totaling $3.0 million remained in modified status, representing 0.20% of the Corporation's total loan portfolio, of which 5 loans totaling $2.9 million had been modified more than once.
As of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Corporation has a recorded investment in TDRs of $10.8 million and $6.7 million, respectively. There were specific reserves of $2.2 million and $0.4 million allocated for TDRs at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. As of September 30, 2021, TDRs totaling $5.7 million were accruing interest under the modified terms and $5.1 million were on non-accrual status. As of December 31, 2020, TDRs totaling $2.8 million were accruing interest under the modified terms and $3.9 million were on non-accrual status. The Corporation has committed no additional amounts as of both September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, to customers with outstanding loans that are classified as TDRs.

During the three months ended September 30, 2021, the terms and conditions of two commercial and industrial loans were modified as TDRs. The modification of the terms of both of these loans included a postponement or reduction of the scheduled amortized payments for greater than a three month period. During the three month period ended September 30, 2020, the terms of certain loans were modified as TDRs. During the three months ended September 30, 2020, the modification of terms of one residential mortgage loan included the postponement of scheduled amortized payments for a period greater than three-months. Additionally, two commercial and industrial loans were modified with the maturity date extended on both loans and one with an extension at a stated rate lower than the current market rate for new debt with similar risk.

In addition to the modifications noted above, during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 the terms and conditions of two commercial and industrial loans and two commercial mortgage loans were modified as TDRs. The modification of the terms of all of these loans included a postponement or reduction of the scheduled amortized payments for greater than a three month period.

In addition to the modifications noted above, during the nine month period ended September 30, 2020 modifications included two commercial and industrial loans where deferral of payments were granted and both loans were risk rated Substandard while one loan was in non-accrual status prior to the modification. The modifications of four commercial mortgage loans included the deferral of payments with three of the the loans risk rated Substandard and in non-accrual status, three of the borrowers were over one year past due in real estate taxes and two of the loans were over 30 days past due in payments. The modifications of three residential mortgages included the deferral of payments while all three were in non-accrual status prior to the modifications, two were risk rated Substandard and one was over thirty days past due in payments. The modifications of three home equity lines and loans included the deferral of payments while all three loans were risk rated Substandard and in non-accrual status prior to the modifications.

The following table presents loans by class modified as TDRs that occurred during the three month period ended September 30, 2021 and September 30, 2020 (dollars in thousands):

September 30, 2021Number of LoansPre-Modification Outstanding Recorded InvestmentPost-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment
Troubled debt restructurings:
Commercial and agricultural:
Commercial and industrial$502 $502 
Total$502 $502 
September 30, 2020Number of LoansPre-Modification Outstanding Recorded InvestmentPost-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment
Troubled debt restructurings:
Commercial and industrial$1,138 $1,138 
Residential mortgages320 320 
Total$1,458 $1,458 
The TDRs described above increased the allowance for loan losses by $0.2 million and resulted in no charge-offs during the three month period ended September 30, 2021. The TDRs described above did not increase the allowance for loan losses and resulted in no charge-offs during the three month period ended September 30, 2020.
The following table presents loans by class modified as TDRs that occurred during the nine month period ended September 30, 2021 and September 30, 2020 (dollars in thousands):
September 30, 2021Number of LoansPre-Modification Outstanding Recorded InvestmentPost-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment
Troubled debt restructurings:
Commercial and agricultural:
Commercial and industrial$502 $502 
Agricultural
Commercial mortgages:
Commercial mortgages, other$6,094 $6,094 
Total$6,596 $6,596 
September 30, 2020Number of LoansPre-Modification Outstanding Recorded InvestmentPost-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment
Troubled debt restructurings:
Commercial and agricultural:
Commercial and industrial$2,068 $2,068 
Agricultural
Commercial mortgages:
Commercial mortgages, other1,297 1,297 
Residential mortgages997 997 
Consumer loans:
Home equity lines and loans738 738 
Total15 $5,100 $5,100 

The TDRs described above increased the allowance for loan losses by $1.9 million and resulted in no charge-offs during the nine month period ended September 30, 2021. The TDRs described above increased the allowance for loan losses by $0.1 million and resulted in no charge-offs during the nine month period ended September 30, 2020.

A loan is considered to be in payment default once it is 90 days contractually past due under the modified terms. There were no payment defaults on any loans previously modified as TDRs within twelve months following the modification during the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2021 and 2020.

Credit Quality Indicators

The Corporation establishes a risk rating at origination for all commercial loans.  The main factors considered in assigning risk ratings include, but are not limited to: historic and future debt service coverage, collateral position, operating performance, liquidity, leverage, payment history, management ability, and the customer’s industry.  Commercial relationship managers monitor all loans in their respective portfolios for any changes in the borrower’s ability to service its debt and affirm the risk ratings for the loans at least annually.

For the retail loans, which include residential mortgages, indirect and direct consumer loans, home equity lines and loans, and credit cards, once a loan is properly approved and closed, the Corporation evaluates credit quality based upon loan repayment.

The Corporation uses the risk rating system to identify criticized and classified loans. Commercial relationships within the criticized and classified risk ratings are analyzed quarterly.  The Corporation uses the following definitions for criticized and classified loans (which are consistent with regulatory guidelines):

Special Mention – Loans classified as special mention have a potential weakness that deserves management’s close attention.  If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the loan or the institution’s credit position at some future date.
Substandard – Loans classified as substandard are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capability of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any.  Loans so classified have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt.  They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the institution will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected.

Doubtful – Loans classified as doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified as substandard, with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable.

Commercial loans not meeting the criteria above to be considered criticized or classified are considered to be pass rated loans.  Loans listed as not rated are included in groups of homogeneous loans performing under terms of the loan notes.  Based on the analyses performed as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the risk category of the recorded investment of loans by class of loans is as follows (in thousands):
 September 30, 2021
 Not RatedPassSpecial MentionSubstandardDoubtfulTotal
Commercial and agricultural:
Commercial and industrial$— $264,526 $2,565 $3,166 $1,194 $271,451 
Agricultural— 421 — — — 421 
Commercial mortgages:
Construction— 67,607 — 37 — 67,644 
Commercial mortgages— 670,350 33,937 18,422 1,123 723,832 
Residential mortgages253,796 — — 845 — 254,641 
Consumer loans:
Home equity lines and loans71,834 — — 819 — 72,653 
Indirect consumer loans119,678 — — 367 — 120,045 
Direct consumer loans10,228 — — 14 — 10,242 
Total$455,536 $1,002,904 $36,502 $23,670 $2,317 $1,520,929 
 December 31, 2020
 Not RatedPassSpecial MentionSubstandardDoubtfulTotal
Commercial and agricultural:
Commercial and industrial$— $360,500 $2,999 $5,092 $1,377 $369,968 
Agricultural— 284 — — — 284 
Commercial mortgages:
Construction— 59,885 — 2,279 — 62,164 
Commercial mortgages— 616,090 23,631 16,128 1,132 656,981 
Residential mortgages238,381 — — 1,632 — 240,013 
Consumer loans:
Home equity lines and loans77,602 — — 1,159 — 78,761 
Indirect consumer loans120,334 — — 519 — 120,853 
Direct consumer loans12,470 — — — 12,474 
Total$448,787 $1,036,759 $26,630 $26,813 $2,509 $1,541,498 

The Corporation considers the performance of the loan portfolio and its impact on the allowance for loan losses. For residential and consumer loan classes, the Corporation also evaluates credit quality based on the aging status of the loan, which was previously presented, and by payment activity. The following tables present the recorded investment in residential and consumer loans based on payment activity as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 (in thousands):
 September 30, 2021
 Consumer Loans
 Residential MortgagesHome Equity Lines and LoansIndirect Consumer LoansOther Direct Consumer Loans
Performing$253,796 $71,834 $119,678 $10,228 
Non-Performing845 819 367 14 
 $254,641 $72,653 $120,045 $10,242 

 December 31, 2020
 Consumer Loans
 Residential MortgagesHome Equity Lines and LoansIndirect Consumer LoansOther Direct Consumer Loans
Performing$238,381 $77,602 $120,334 $12,470 
Non-Performing1,632 1,159 519 
 $240,013 $78,761 $120,853 $12,474