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LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2021
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Abstract]  
LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES
The composition of the loan portfolio, net of deferred loan fees is summarized as follows (in thousands):
 December 31, 2021December 31, 2020
Commercial and agricultural:
Commercial and industrial$256,893 $368,663 
Agricultural394 283 
Commercial mortgages:  
Construction82,204 61,945 
Commercial mortgages720,358 654,663 
Residential mortgages259,334 239,401 
Consumer loans:  
Home equity lines and loans70,670 78,547 
Indirect consumer loans118,569 120,538 
Direct consumer loans9,827 12,423 
Total loans, net of deferred loan fees1,518,249 1,536,463 
Interest receivable on loans4,133 5,035 
Total recorded investment in loans$1,522,382 $1,541,498 

Residential mortgages held for sale as of December 31, 2021 and 2020 totaling $0.4 million and $0.2 million, respectively, are not included in the above table.

Residential mortgages totaling $204.2 million at December 31, 2021 and $101.9 million at December 31, 2020 were pledged under a blanket collateral agreement for the Corporation's line of credit with the FHLBNY.

As of December 31, 2021, the Corporation had outstanding loan balances of $43.2 million for PPP loans which are included in commercial and industrial loans in the table above. These loans require no allowance for loan losses as of December 31, 2021 since they are government guaranteed loans.

The following tables present the activity in the allowance for loan losses by portfolio segment for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively (in thousands):
 December 31, 2021
Allowance for loan lossesCommercial, and AgriculturalCommercial MortgagesResidential MortgagesConsumer LoansTotal
Beginning balance:$4,493 $11,496 $2,079 $2,856 $20,924 
Charge Offs:(28)(43)(75)(593)(739)
Recoveries:312 10 498 823 
Net (charge offs) recoveries284 (40)(65)(95)84 
Provision(1,186)2,100 (211)(686)17 
Ending balance$3,591 $13,556 $1,803 $2,075 $21,025 
 December 31, 2020
Allowance for loan lossesCommercial, and AgriculturalCommercial MortgagesResidential MortgagesConsumer LoansTotal
Beginning balance:$10,227 $8,869 $1,252 $3,130 $23,478 
Charge Offs:(4,068)(2,143)(56)(1,113)(7,380)
Recoveries:89 14 86 398 587 
Net recoveries (charge offs)(3,979)(2,129)30 (715)(6,793)
Provision(1,755)4,756 797 441 4,239 
Ending balance$4,493 $11,496 $2,079 $2,856 $20,924 

The following tables present the balance in the allowance for loan losses and the recorded investment in loans by portfolio segment and based on impairment method as of December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 (in thousands):
 December 31, 2021
Allowance for loan lossesCommercial
and
Agricultural
Commercial MortgagesResidential MortgagesConsumer LoansTotal
Ending allowance balance attributable to loans:
Individually evaluated for impairment$1,394 $1,571 $— $65 $3,030 
Collectively evaluated for impairment2,197 11,985 1,803 2,010 17,995 
Total ending allowance balance$3,591 $13,556 $1,803 $2,075 $21,025 

 December 31, 2020
Allowance for loan lossesCommercial
and
Agricultural
Commercial MortgagesResidential MortgagesConsumer LoansTotal
Ending allowance balance attributable to loans:
Individually evaluated for impairment$1,401 $74 $— $52 $1,527 
Collectively evaluated for impairment3,092 11,422 2,079 2,804 19,397 
Total ending allowance balance$4,493 $11,496 $2,079 $2,856 $20,924 

 December 31, 2021
Loans:Commercial
and
Agricultural
Commercial MortgagesResidential MortgagesConsumer LoansTotal
Loans individually evaluated for impairment$2,427 $7,967 $938 $315 $11,647 
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment255,586 796,858 259,029 199,262 1,510,735 
Total ending loans balance$258,013 $804,825 $259,967 $199,577 $1,522,382 

 December 31, 2020
Loans:Commercial
and
Agricultural
Commercial MortgagesResidential MortgagesConsumer LoansTotal
Loans individually evaluated for impairment$3,400 $5,117 $1,271 $801 $10,589 
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment366,852 714,028 238,742 211,287 1,530,909 
Total ending loans balance$370,252 $719,145 $240,013 $212,088 $1,541,498 
The following tables present loans individually evaluated for impairment recognized by class of loans as of December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the average recorded investment and interest income recognized by class of loans as of the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 (in thousands):
 December 31, 2021December 31, 2020
 Unpaid Principal BalanceRecorded InvestmentAllowance for Loan Losses AllocatedUnpaid Principal BalanceRecorded InvestmentAllowance for Loan Losses Allocated
With no related allowance recorded:
Commercial and agricultural:
Commercial and industrial$954 $948 $— $1,960 $1,963 $— 
Commercial mortgages:      
Construction129 130 — 188 189 — 
Commercial mortgages6,940 4,278 — 6,814 4,760 — 
Residential mortgages951 938 — 1,283 1,271 — 
Consumer loans:      
Home equity lines and loans185 169 — 645 631 — 
With an allowance recorded:      
Commercial and agricultural:      
Commercial and industrial5,350 1,479 1,394 5,228 1,437 1,401 
Commercial mortgages:      
Commercial mortgages3,550 3,559 1,571 258 168 74 
Consumer loans:      
Home equity lines and loans146 146 65 170 170 52 
Total$18,205 $11,647 $3,030 $16,546 $10,589 $1,527 

 December 31, 2021December 31, 2020
 Average Recorded InvestmentInterest Income Recognized (1)Average Recorded InvestmentInterest Income Recognized (1)
With no related allowance recorded:
Commercial and agricultural:
Commercial and industrial$1,505 $$936 $16 
Commercial mortgages:    
Construction159 219 
Commercial mortgages4,650 30 4,103 16 
Residential mortgages1,015 40 952 25 
Consumer loans:    
Home equity lines & loans273 446 
With an allowance recorded:    
Commercial and agricultural:    
Commercial and industrial1,505 4,981 
Commercial mortgages:    
Commercial mortgages2,236 49 2,949 — 
Consumer loans:    
Home equity lines and loans157 — 104 — 
Total$11,500 $146 $14,690 $76 
(1)  Cash basis interest income approximates interest income recognized.
The following tables present the recorded investment in non-accrual and loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing by class of loans as of December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 (in thousands):
Non-accrualLoans Past Due 90 Days or More and Still Accruing
2021202020212020
Commercial and agricultural:
Commercial and industrial$1,932 $2,167 $$
Commercial mortgages:
Construction34 55 — — 
Commercial mortgages3,844 4,415 — — 
Residential mortgages1,039 1,632 — — 
Consumer loans:
Home equity lines and loans790 1,159 — — 
Indirect consumer loans462 519 — — 
Direct consumer loans13 — — 
Total$8,114 $9,952 $$
The following tables present the aging of the recorded investment in loans as of December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 (in thousands):
December 31, 2021
 30 - 59 Days Past Due60 - 89 Days Past Due90 Days or More Past DueTotal Past DueLoans Not Past DueTotal
Commercial and agricultural:
Commercial and industrial$413 $148 $26 $587 $257,031 $257,618 
Agricultural— — — — 395 395 
Commercial mortgages: 
Construction— — — — 82,435 82,435 
Commercial mortgages24 224 1,302 1,550 720,840 722,390 
Residential mortgages580 32 652 1,264 258,703 259,967 
Consumer loans: 
Home equity lines and loans256 69 424 749 70,105 70,854 
Indirect consumer loans1,179 424 255 1,858 116,997 118,855 
Direct consumer loans24 11 13 48 9,820 9,868 
Total$2,476 $908 $2,672 $6,056 $1,516,326 $1,522,382 


December 31, 2020
 30 - 59 Days Past Due60 - 89 Days Past Due90 Days or More Past DueTotal Past DueLoans Not Past DueTotal
Commercial and agricultural:
Commercial and industrial$520 $14 $30 $564 $369,404 $369,968 
Agricultural— — — — 284 284 
Commercial mortgages:   
Construction— — — — 62,164 62,164 
Commercial mortgages1,438 3,696 308 5,442 651,539 656,981 
Residential mortgages817 406 461 1,684 238,329 240,013 
Consumer loans:   
Home equity lines and loans521 41 474 1,036 77,725 78,761 
Indirect consumer loans1,268 198 252 1,718 119,135 120,853 
Direct consumer loans34 — 36 12,438 12,474 
Total$4,598 $4,357 $1,525 $10,480 $1,531,018 $1,541,498 
Troubled Debt Restructurings:

A modification of a loan may result in classification as a TDR when a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and the modification constitutes a concession. The Corporation offers various types of modifications which may involve a change in the schedule of payments, a reduction in the interest rate, an extension of the maturity date, extending the maturity date at an interest rate lower than the current market rate for new debt with similar risk, requesting additional collateral, releasing collateral for consideration, substituting or adding a new borrower or guarantor, a permanent reduction of the recorded investment in the loan or a permanent reduction of the interest on the loan. Under Section 4013 of the CARES Act, loans less than 30 days past due as of December 31, 2019 will be considered current for COVID-19 related modifications and therefore will not be treated as TDRs. At its highest point as of May 31, 2020, in conformance with section 4013 of the CARES Act, total loan forbearances represented 15.77% of the Corporation's total loan portfolio, or $242.5 million. As of December 31, 2021, in conformance with Section 4013 of the CARES Act, no loans remained in modified status.
As of December 31, 2021 and 2020, the Corporation has a recorded investment in TDRs of $10.3 million and $6.7 million, respectively. There were specific reserves of $1.9 million allocated for TDRs at December 31, 2021 and $0.4 million allocated for December 31, 2020. As of December 31, 2021, TDRs totaling $5.6 million were accruing interest under the modified terms and $4.7 million were on non-accrual status. As of December 31, 2020, TDRs totaling $2.8 million were accruing interest under the modified terms and $3.9 million were on non-accrual status. The Corporation has committed no additional amounts to customers with outstanding loans that are classified as TDRs as of December 31, 2021 and 2020.
During the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, the terms of certain loans were modified as TDRs. During the year ended December 31, 2021, the terms and conditions of two commercial and industrial and four commercial mortgage loans were modified as TDRs. The modification of the terms of all of these loans included a postponement or reduction of the scheduled amortized payments for greater than a three month period.
During the year ended December 31, 2020, the modification of the terms of one residential mortgage loan included the postponement of scheduled amortized payments for a period of greater than three-months. Additionally, two commercial and industrial loans were modified with the maturity date extended on both loans and one with an extension at a stated rate lower than the current market rate for new debt with similar risk. Additionally, two commercial and industrial loans had payments deferred and both loans were risk rated Substandard while one loan was in non-accrual status prior to the modification. The modifications of four commercial mortgage loans included the deferral of payments with three of the loans risk rated Substandard and in non-accrual status, three of the borrowers were over one year past due in real estate taxes and two of the loans were over 30 days past due in payments. The modifications of three residential mortgages included the deferral of payments while all three were in non-accrual status prior to the modifications, two were risk rated Substandard and one was over 30 days past due in payments. The modifications of three home equity lines and loans included the deferral of payments while all three loans were risk rated Substandard and in non-accrual status prior to the modifications.

The following table presents loans by class modified as troubled debt restructurings that occurred during the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 (in thousands):
December 31, 2021Number of LoansPre-Modification Outstanding Recorded InvestmentPost-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment
Troubled debt restructurings:
Commercial and agricultural:
Commercial and industrial2$502 $502 
Commercial mortgages:   
Commercial mortgages46,094 6,094 
Total6$6,596 $6,596 

The TDRs described above increased the allowance for loan losses by $1.7 million and resulted in no charge offs during the year ended December 31, 2021.
December 31, 2020Number of LoansPre-Modification Outstanding Recorded InvestmentPost-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment
Troubled debt restructurings:
Commercial and agricultural:
Commercial and industrial4$2,068 $2,068 
Commercial mortgages:   
Commercial mortgages41,297 1,297 
Residential mortgages4997 997 
Consumer loans:   
Home equity lines and loans3738 738 
Total15$5,100 $5,100 

The TDRs described above increased the allowance for loan losses by $0.2 million and resulted in no charge offs during the year ended December 31, 2020.

A loan is considered to be in payment default once it is 90 days contractually past due under the modified terms.

There were no payment defaults on any loans previously modified as troubled debt restructurings during the year ended December 31, 2021, within twelve months following the modification.

The following table presents loans by class modified as TDRs for which there was a payment default within twelve months following the modification during the year ended December 31, 2020:
December 31, 2020Number of LoansRecorded Investment
Consumer loans:
Home equity lines and loans1$170 
Total1$170 

Credit Quality Indicators

The Corporation establishes a risk rating at origination for all commercial loans. The main factors considered in assigning risk ratings include, but are not limited to: historic and future debt service coverage, collateral position, operating performance, liquidity, leverage, payment history, management ability, and the customer’s industry. Commercial relationship managers monitor all loans in their respective portfolios for any changes in the borrower’s ability to service their debt and affirm the risk ratings for the loans at least annually.
For the retail loans, which include residential mortgages, indirect and direct consumer loans, home equity lines and loans, and credit cards, once a loan is properly approved and closed, the Corporation evaluates credit quality based upon loan repayment. Retail loans are not rated until they become 90 days past due.
The Corporation uses the risk rating system to identify criticized and classified loans. Commercial relationships within the criticized and classified risk ratings are analyzed quarterly. The Corporation uses the following definitions for criticized and classified loans (which are consistent with regulatory guidelines):
Special Mention – Loans classified as special mention have a potential weakness that deserves management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the loan or the institution’s credit position as some future date.
Substandard – Loans classified as substandard are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capability of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Loans so classified have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the institution will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected.
Doubtful – Loans classified as doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified as substandard, with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable.
Loans not meeting the criteria above that are analyzed individually as part of the above described process are considered to be pass rated loans. Loans listed as not rated are included in groups of homogeneous loans. Based on the analyses performed as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, the risk category of the recorded investment of loans by class of loans is as follows (in thousands):
 December 31, 2021
 Not RatedPassSpecial MentionSubstandardDoubtfulTotal
Commercial and agricultural:
Commercial and industrial$— $250,529 $2,892 $3,108 $1,089 $257,618 
Agricultural— 395 — — — 395 
Commercial mortgages:      
Construction— 82,404 — 31 — 82,435 
Commercial mortgages— 672,741 31,072 17,458 1,119 722,390 
Residential mortgages258,928 — 1,039 — 259,967 
Consumer loans      
Home equity lines and loans70,064 — — 790 — 70,854 
Indirect consumer loans118,393 — — 462 — 118,855 
Direct consumer loans9,855 — — 13 — 9,868 
Total$457,240 $1,006,069 $33,964 $22,901 $2,208 $1,522,382 

 December 31, 2020
 Not RatedPassSpecial MentionSubstandardDoubtfulTotal
Commercial and agricultural:
Commercial and industrial$— $360,500 $2,999 $5,092 $1,377 $369,968 
Agricultural— 284 — — — 284 
Commercial mortgages:      
Construction— 59,885 — 2,279 — 62,164 
Commercial mortgages— 616,090 23,631 16,128 1,132 656,981 
Residential mortgages238,381 — — 1,632 — 240,013 
Consumer loans      
Home equity lines and loans77,602 — — 1,159 — 78,761 
Indirect consumer loans120,334 — — 519 — 120,853 
Direct consumer loans12,470 — — — 12,474 
Total$448,787 $1,036,759 $26,630 $26,813 $2,509 $1,541,498 

The Corporation considers the performance of the loan portfolio and its impact on the allowance for loan losses. For residential and consumer loan classes, the Corporation also evaluates credit quality based on the aging status of the loan, which was previously presented, and by payment activity. Non-performing loans include non-accrual loans and non-accrual troubled debt restructurings.
The following table presents the recorded investment in residential and consumer loans based on payment activity as of December 31, 2021 and 2020 (in thousands):
 December 31, 2021
 Consumer Loans
 Residential MortgagesHome Equity Lines and LoansIndirect Consumer LoansOther Direct Consumer Loans
Performing$258,928 $70,064 $118,393 $9,855 
Non-Performing1,039 790 462 13 
Total$259,967 $70,854 $118,855 $9,868 

 December 31, 2020
 Consumer Loans
 Residential MortgagesHome Equity Lines and LoansIndirect Consumer LoansOther Direct Consumer Loans
Performing$238,381 $77,602 $120,334 $12,470 
Non-Performing1,632 1,159 519 
Total$240,013 $78,761 $120,853 $12,474