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SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2022
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Organization

The Corporation, through its wholly-owned subsidiaries, the Bank and CFS, provides a wide range of banking, financing, fiduciary and other financial services to its clients.  The Corporation and the Bank are subject to the regulations of certain federal and state agencies and undergo periodic examinations by those regulatory authorities.

CRM, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Corporation, which was formed and began operations on May 31, 2016, is a Nevada-based captive insurance company which insures against certain risks unique to the operations of the Corporation and its subsidiaries and for which insurance may not be currently available or economically feasible in today's insurance marketplace. CRM pools resources with several other similar insurance company subsidiaries of financial institutions to spread a limited amount of risk among themselves. CRM is subject to regulations of the State of Nevada and undergoes periodic examinations by the Nevada Division of Insurance.

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with GAAP for interim financial information and pursuant to the requirements for reporting on Form 10-Q and Article 8 of Regulation S-X of the Exchange Act.  These financial statements include the accounts of the Corporation and its subsidiaries, and all significant intercompany balances and transactions are eliminated in consolidation.  Amounts in the prior periods' consolidated financial statements are reclassified whenever necessary to conform to the current period's presentation.

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions based on available information. These estimates and assumptions affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and disclosures provided, and actual results could differ. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) and disclosures necessary for the fair presentation of the accompanying consolidated financial statements have been included. The unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Corporation's 2021 Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021. The results of operations for any interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results which may be expected for the entire year or any other period.

Reclassifications

Amounts in the prior year financial statements are reclassified whenever necessary to conform to the current year's presentation.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. The objective of the ASU is to provide financial statement users with more decision-useful information about the expected credit losses on financial instruments and other commitments to extend credit held by a reporting entity at each reporting date. The ASU supersedes current GAAP by replacing the incurred loss impairment method with a methodology that reflects lifetime expected credit losses and requires the consideration of a broader range of reasonable and supportable information to form credit loss estimates. In November 2019, the FASB adopted an amendment to postpone the effective date of ASU 2016-13 to January 2023 for certain entities, including certain Securities and Exchange Commission filers, public business entities, and private companies. As a smaller reporting company, the Corporation is eligible for delayed adoption. The Corporation has established a committee to oversee the implementation of CECL and has contracted a vendor to assist in model development and implementation, and is in the process of updating its policies and internal controls accordingly. Additionally the Corporation has contracted an independent third party to validate the selected model.

The basis for the model of the quantitative portion of the estimation of expected credit losses is the historical loss experience amongst a curated group of peers. The Corporation utilized regression analyses of peer data, of which the Corporation was included, and where observed credit losses and selected economic factors were utilized to determine suitable loss drivers for modeling the lifetime rates of probability of default (PD). The chosen model utilizes a discounted cash flow (DCF) analysis for all loan portfolio segments as its foundation. Portfolio segments are the level at which loss assumptions are applied to a pool of loans based on the similarity of the risk characteristics inherent in the included instruments. The DCF analysis is run at the
instrument-level and incorporates an array of loan-specific and segment-implied assumptions in order to determine the lifetime expected loss attributable to the instrument. The loss driver for each loan portfolio segment is derived from a readily available and reasonable economic forecast, which is applied over a four-quarter period, and incorporates an eight-quarter reversion to the historical mean on a straight-line basis beyond the reasonable forecast period.

The selected model also incorporates qualitative factors in order to appropriately adjust for risk in a given portfolio segment that may not be fully captured through quantitative analysis. Determinations regarding qualitative adjustments are made based on management’s expectation of loss conditions differing from those already captured in the quantitative component of the model.

The Corporation expects to recognize a one-time cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings upon adoption of CECL, effective January 1, 2023, in order to bring our allowance for credit losses (ACL) into conformity with the ASU, consistent with regulatory expectations set forth in interagency guidance. The Corporation is currently refining the assumptions built into its model, and is running parallel calculations on an ongoing basis. The Corporation estimates that under the ACL framework, the allowance for credit losses may increase, and the increase may be material, when compared to the amount being carried on the consolidated balance sheet at September 30, 2022. This increase encompasses the loans that the Corporation currently evaluates for impairment on an individual basis, loans evaluated collectively by pooled segment, and unfunded commitments made by the Corporation not currently carried on the balance sheet. Based on the composition and quality of the Corporation’s debt securities portfolio, management has determined there to be a zero loss estimate on securities that are backed by U.S. governmental agencies.

In March 2022, the FASB issued ASU 2022-01, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Fair Value Hedging-Portfolio Layer Method. The amendments in this ASU expand the current last-of-layer hedging model from a single-layer method to allow multiple hedged layers of a single closed portfolio. To reflect that expansion, the last-of-layer method is renamed the portfolio layer method. In addition, ASU 2022-01 (1) expands the scope of the portfolio layer method to include non-prepayable assets, (2) specifies eligible hedging instruments in a single-layer hedge, (3) provides additional guidance on the accounting for and disclosure of hedge basis adjustments under the portfolio layer method and (4) specifies how edge basis adjustments should be considered when determining credit losses for the assets included in the closed portfolio. ASU 2022-01 is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2022, although early adoption is permitted. Upon adoption, ASU 2022-01 is not expected to have a significant impact on the Corporation's financial condition or results of operations.

In March 2022, the FASB issued ASU 2022-02, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326): Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures. The ASU made certain targeted amendments specific to troubled debt restructurings (TDRs) by creditors and vintage disclosure related to gross write-offs. Upon adoption, the Corporation will be required to apply the loan and refinancing and restructuring guidance to determine whether a modification results in a new loan or a continuation of an existing loan, rather than applying the recognition and measurement guidance for TDRs. The ASU also requires companies to disclose current-period gross write-offs by year of origination for financing receivables and net investment in leases within scope of Subtopic 326-20. ASU 2022-02 is effective for periods beginning after December 15, 2022. The Corporation will adopt ASU 2016-13 effective January 1, 2023 and will simultaneously implement ASU 2022-02.

Risks and Uncertainties - COVID-19

The Corporation's unaudited consolidated financial statements reflect estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, including the amount of the allowance for loan losses established. Management evaluated the potential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic as it related to the loan portfolio. As part of this analysis, management identified what it believes to be higher risk loans through a detailed analysis of industry codes. During 2020, management increased certain allowance qualitative factors based on an assessment of the impact of the current pandemic on local, national and global economic conditions as well as the perceived risks inherent in specific industries and credit characteristics. As part of this analysis, the Corporation released the final $1.2 million of the pandemic related portion of the allowance in the third quarter of 2022. In total, the Corporation released $4.3 million and utilized $0.5 million of the pandemic related allowance established in 2020.