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Income Taxes (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Oct. 31, 2024

Income Taxes

Schedule of Components of Loss Before Income Taxes

The components of loss before income taxes for the years ended October 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022 were as follows (in thousands):

​

​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​
​		2024			2023			2022
U.S.	​	$	(140,713)	​	$	(95,910)	​	$	(145,439)
Foreign		​	(16,040)		​	(11,565)		​	(974)
Loss before income taxes	​	$	(156,753)	​	$	(107,475)	​	$	(146,413)

Schedule of Reconciliation of Federal Statutory Income Tax Rate To Effective Income Tax Rate

The reconciliation of the federal statutory income tax rate to our effective income tax rate for the years ended October 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 was as follows:

​

​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​
​		2024		2023		2022
Statutory federal income tax rate		(21.0)	%	(21.0)	%	(21.0)	%
Increase (decrease) in income taxes resulting from:		​	​	​	​	​	​
State taxes, net of Federal benefits		(4.4)	%	(3.2)	%	(3.6)	%
Foreign withholding tax		0.1	%	0.5	%	0.6	%
Net operating loss expiration, impairment and true-ups		(1.1)	%	6.1	%	8.7	%
Nondeductible expenditures		0.2	%	2.1	%	1.4	%
Change in tax rates		(0.4)	%	2.8	%	0.3	%
Other, net		0.3	%	0.6	%	0.7	%
Deferred only adjustment		(0.4)	%	(0.1)	%	(0.1)	%
Valuation allowance		26.8	%	12.7	%	13.6	%
Effective income tax rate		0.1	%	0.5	%	0.6	%

Schedule of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities

Our deferred tax assets and liabilities consisted of the following as of October 31, 2024 and 2023 (in thousands):

​

​	​	​	​	​	​	​
​		2024			2023
Deferred tax assets:		​			​
Compensation and benefit accruals	​	$	7,344	​	$	6,026
Bad debt and other allowances	​		2,695	​		1,945
Capital loss and tax credit carry-forwards	​		16,296	​		14,701
Net operating losses (domestic and foreign)	​		170,780	​		139,900
Deferred license revenue	​		871	​		1,148
Accumulated depreciation	​		15,969	​		14,051
Grant revenue	​		210	​		323
Excess business interest	​		5,860	​		6,406
Operating lease liabilities	​		1,840	​		1,879
Capitalized research and development	​	​	18,305	​	​	9,729
Mark-to-market	​	​	1,702	​	​	987
Other	​	​	150	​	​	4
Gross deferred tax assets:	​		242,022	​		197,099
Valuation allowance	​		(228,139)	​		(193,477)
Deferred tax assets after valuation allowance	​		13,883	​		3,622
Deferred tax liability:	​		​	​		​
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests	​	​	(7,567)	​	​	—
In process research and development	​		(2,322)	​		(2,293)
Right of use assets	​		(1,556)	​		(1,600)
Other	​	​	(2,745)	​	​	(9)
Net deferred tax liability	​	$	(307)	​	$	(280)

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Tabular disclosure of the components of net deferred tax asset or liability recognized in an entity's statement of financial position, including the following: the total of all deferred tax liabilities, the total of all deferred tax assets, the total valuation allowance recognized for deferred tax assets.

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Tabular disclosure of the reconciliation using percentage or dollar amounts of the reported amount of income tax expense attributable to continuing operations for the year to the amount of income tax expense that would result from applying domestic federal statutory tax rates to pretax income from continuing operations.

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Tabular disclosure of income before income tax between domestic and foreign jurisdictions.

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