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Income Tax Expense (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2017
Text block1 [abstract]  
Summary of Reconciliation of Effective and Nominal Tax Expense

The following table shows the reconciliation between the effective and nominal tax expense at the nominal standard French rate of 33.33% (excluding additional contributions):

 

     Year ended December 31,  
     2015     2016     2017  
     (thousands of Euros)  

(Loss) before taxes

      (44,674 )      (114,531 )      (147,692 ) 

Theoretical group tax rate

      33.33 %      33.33 %      33.33 % 

Nominal tax expense

      14,890       38,173       49,226  

Increase/decrease in tax expense arising from:

       

Permanent differences (1)

      6,089       —         —    

Research tax credit

      1,895       2,409       3,110  

Share-based compensation

      (3,473 )      (11,451 )      (10,260 ) 

Non recognition of deferred tax assets related to tax losses and temporary differences

      (19,211 )      (29,195 )      (41,453 ) 

Other differences

      190       64       622  

Effective tax expense

      —         —         —    

Effective tax rate

      0 %      0 %      0 % 

 

(1) The significant balance of permanent differences is mainly affected by transaction costs on capital increase occurred in 2015. These transaction costs are booked in equity and are subject to a tax deduction.