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Note 12 - Federal and State Income Taxes | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2023
Notes to Financial Statements |
Income Tax Disclosure [Text Block] |
12. | FEDERAL AND STATE INCOME TAXES
Under GAAP, deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and for income tax reporting purposes. Significant components of the Company’s deferred tax liabilities and assets at December 31 are as follows:
|  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |
|  | (in thousands) |
Deferred tax liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Property and equipment |  | $ | 101,623 |  |  | $ | 102,169 |
Unrealized gains on securities |  |  | 3,282 |  |  |  | 2,894 |
Prepaid expenses and other |  |  | 3,303 |  |  |  | 3,836 |
Total deferred tax liabilities |  |  | 108,208 |  |  |  | 108,899 |
Deferred tax assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Current expected credit losses |  |  | 1,986 |  |  |  | 1,385 |
Compensated absences |  |  | 168 |  |  |  | 215 |
Self-insurance allowances |  |  | 1,674 |  |  |  | 5,746 |
Other |  |  | 49 |  |  |  | 108 |
Total deferred tax assets |  |  | 3,877 |  |  |  | 7,454 |
Net deferred tax liability |  | $ | 104,331 |  |  | $ | 101,445 |
The reconciliation between the effective income tax rate and the statutory Federal income tax rate for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 is presented in the following table:
|  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |
|  | (in thousands) |
|  | Amount |  |  | Percent |  |  | Amount |  |  | Percent |  |  | Amount |  |  | Percent |
Federal income tax at statutory rate |  | $ | 6,002 |  |  |  | 21.0 |  |  | $ | 24,991 |  |  |  | 21.0 |  |  | $ | 21,526 |  |  |  | 21.0 |
Nondeductible per diem and meals |  |  | 371 |  |  |  | 1.3 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
State income taxes/other, net |  |  | 3,790 |  |  |  | 13.3 |  |  |  | 3,344 |  |  |  | 2.8 |  |  |  | 4,463 |  |  |  | 4.4 |
Total income tax expense |  | $ | 10,163 |  |  |  | 35.6 |  |  | $ | 28,335 |  |  |  | 23.8 |  |  | $ | 25,989 |  |  |  | 25.4 |
The provision (benefit) for income taxes consisted of the following:
|  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |
|  | (in thousands) |
Current: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Federal |  | $ | 4,697 |  |  | $ | 10,673 |  |  | $ | 6,314 |
State |  |  | 2,580 |  |  |  | 3,121 |  |  |  | 1,843 |
Total current income tax provision |  |  | 7,277 |  |  |  | 13,794 |  |  |  | 8,157 |
Deferred: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Federal |  |  | 944 |  |  |  | 12,920 |  |  |  | 13,720 |
State |  |  | 1,942 |  |  |  | 1,621 |  |  |  | 4,112 |
Total deferred income tax provision |  |  | 2,886 |  |  |  | 14,541 |  |  |  | 17,832 |
Total income tax provision expense |  | $ | 10,163 |  |  | $ | 28,335 |  |  | $ | 25,989 |
In determining whether a tax asset valuation allowance is necessary, management, in accordance with the provisions of ASC 740-10-30, weighs all available evidence, both positive and negative to determine whether, based on the weight of that evidence, a valuation allowance is necessary. If negative conditions exist which indicate a valuation allowance might be necessary, consideration is then given to what effect the future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences and the availability of tax strategies might have on future taxable income to determine the amount, if any, of the required valuation allowance. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, management determined that the future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences and available tax strategies would generate sufficient future taxable income to realize its tax assets and therefore a valuation allowance was not necessary. The Company recognizes a tax benefit from an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained on examination by taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. As of December 31, 2023, an adjustment to the Company’s consolidated financial statements for uncertain tax positions has not been required as management believes that the Company’s tax positions taken in income tax returns filed or to be filed are supported by clear and unambiguous income tax laws. The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to uncertain income tax positions, if any, in income tax expense. During 2023 and 2022, the Company has not recognized or accrued any interest or penalties related to uncertain income tax positions. The Company and its subsidiaries are subject to U.S. and Canadian federal income tax laws as well as the income tax laws of multiple state jurisdictions. The major tax jurisdictions in which the Company operates generally provide for a deficiency assessment statute of limitation period of three years, and as a result, the Company’s tax years 2020 and forward remain open to examination in those jurisdictions.

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