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Derivatives and Fair Value Disclosures | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2024
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract] |
Derivatives and Fair Value Disclosures | 10. Derivatives and Fair Value Disclosures The Company uses interest rate swaps for the management of interest rate risk exposure. The interest rate swaps effectively convert a portion of the Company’s debt from a floating to a fixed rate. The Company is a party to one floating-to-fixed interest rate swap with a major financial institution at December 31, 2024 (2023: two swaps) covering notional amounts aggregating to $19,164,000 at December 31, 2024 (2023: $42,510,194) pursuant to which it pays fixed rates and receives floating rates based on the SOFR. These agreements contain no leverage features. As of December 31, 2023 and 2024 one derivative contract qualified for hedge accounting since its inception. The following table presents information relating to the Company’s interest rate swap arrangements as of December 31, 2023 and 2024.
|  | Effective date |  | Termination date |  | Fixed Rate (Company pays) |  |  | Floating Rate (Company receives) |  | Fair Value Asset December 31, 2023 |  |  | Notional Amount December 31, 2023 |  |  | Fair Value Asset December 31, 2024 |  |  | Notional Amount December 31, 2024 |
Swap 1 |  | April 10, 2018 |  | December 11, 2025 |  |  | 2.74 | % |  | SOFR |  | $ | 731,814 |  |  | $ | 21,236,000 |  |  | $ | 387,608 |  |  | $ | 19,164,000 |
Swap 2 |  | February 5, 2022 |  | June 30, 2026 |  |  | 1.49 | % |  | SOFR |  | $ | 1,126,863 |  |  | $ | 21,274,194 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Total |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 1,858,677 |  |  | $ | 42,510,194 |  |  | $ | 387,608 |  |  | $ | 19,164,000 |
* | Swap 1 was early terminated in April 2025 (Note 19)
** | Swap 2 was early terminated in February 2024 (Note 9)
The following tables present information on the location and amounts of derivatives’ fair values reflected in the consolidated balance sheets and with respect to gains and losses on derivative positions reflected in the consolidated statements of income or in the consolidated balance sheets, as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income. Tabular disclosure of financial instruments is as follows:
|  |  |  | December 31, |
|  |  |  | 2023 |  |  | 2024 |
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments |  | Balance Sheet Location |  | Asset Derivatives |  |  | Liability Derivatives |  |  | Asset Derivatives |  |  | Liability Derivatives |
Interest Rate Swap Agreements |  | Non current assets — Fair value of derivatives |  |  | 731,814 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Interest Rate Swap Agreements |  | Current assets — Fair value of derivatives |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 387,608 |  |  |  | — |
Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments |  |  |  |  | 731,814 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 387,608 |  |  |  | — |
|  |  |  | December 31, |
|  |  |  | 2023 |  |  | 2024 |
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments |  | Balance Sheet Location |  | Asset Derivatives |  |  | Liability Derivatives |  |  | Asset Derivatives |  |  | Liability Derivatives |
Interest Rate Swap Agreements |  | Non current assets — Fair value of derivatives |  |  | 1,126,863 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments |  |  |  |  | 1,126,863 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
The effect of derivative instruments on the consolidated statements of income for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2023 and 2024 is as follows:
|  | Location of Gain/(Loss) |  |  | Year Ended December 31, |
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments |  | Recognized |  |  | 2022 |  |  | 2023 |  |  | 2024 |
Interest Rate Swap — Change in Fair Value |  |  | Gain on derivatives |  |  |  | 1,697,401 |  |  |  | (570,539 | ) |  |  | (1,126,863 | )
Interest Rate Swap — Realized income |  |  | Gain on derivatives |  |  |  | 1,061 |  |  |  | 808,157 |  |  |  | 1,226,149 |
Total gain on derivatives |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,698,462 |  |  |  | 237,618 |  |  |  | 99,286 |
|  | Location of (Loss)/Gain |  |  | Year Ended December 31, |
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments |  | Recognized |  |  | 2022 |  |  | 2023 |  |  | 2024 |
Interest Rate Swap — Realized (expense)/income |  |  | Interest and finance costs |  |  |  | (126,241 | ) |  |  | 4,771,235 |  |  |  | 591,664 |
Total (loss)/gain on derivatives |  |  |  |  |  |  | (126,241 | ) |  |  | 4,771,235 |  |  |  | 591,664 |
The components of accumulated other comprehensive income included in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets consist of unrealized gain on cash flow hedges relating to the Company’s interest rate swap contracts and are analyzed as follows:
|  | Unrealized (Loss)/Income on cash flow hedges |
Balance, January 1, 2022 |  |  | (3,103,945 | )
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications |  |  | 8,164,187 |
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss relating to qualifying hedges |  |  | 126,241 |
Balance, December 31, 2022 |  |  | 5,186,483 |
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications |  |  | 316,566 |
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income relating to qualifying hedges |  |  | (4,771,235 | )
Balance, December 31, 2023 |  |  | 731,814 |
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications |  |  | 247,458 |
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income relating to qualifying hedges |  |  | (591,664 | )
Balance, December 31, 2024 |  |  | 387,608 |
Fair Value of Financial Instruments and Concentration of Credit Risk : Financial instruments, which potentially subject the Company to significant concentrations of credit risk, consist principally of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, short-term investments, trade and other receivables, claims receivable, payable to related parties, trade accounts payable and accrued liabilities. The Company limits its credit risk with respect to accounts receivable by performing ongoing credit evaluations of its customers’ financial condition and generally does not require collateral for its trade accounts receivable. The Company places its cash and cash equivalents with high credit quality financial institutions. The Company performs periodic evaluations of the relative credit standing of those financial institutions. The Company is exposed to credit risk in the event of non-performance by its counterparties to derivative instruments; however, the Company limits its exposure by transacting with counterparties with high credit ratings. The carrying values of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, trade and other receivables, claims receivable, payable to related parties, trade accounts payable and accrued liabilities are reasonable estimates of their fair value due to the short term nature of these financial instruments. Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash are considered Level 1 items as they represent liquid assets with short-term maturities. The fair value of long term bank loans is estimated based on current rates offered to the Company for similar debt of the same remaining maturities. Their carrying value approximates their fair market value due to their variable interest rate, being SOFR. SOFR rates are observable at commonly quoted intervals for the full terms of the loans and hence floating rate loans are considered Level 2 items in accordance with the fair value hierarchy. Additionally, the Company considers the creditworthiness of each counterparty when determining the fair value of the derivative instruments. The Company’s interest rate swap agreements are recorded at fair value. The fair value of the interest rate swaps is determined using a discounted cash flow method based on market-based SOFR swap yield curves. SOFR swap rates are observable at commonly quoted intervals for the full terms of the swap and therefore are considered Level 2 items. Fair Value Disclosures: The Company has categorized assets and liabilities recorded at fair value based upon the fair value hierarchy specified by the guidance. The levels of fair value hierarchy are as follows: Level 1: Quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2: Observable market based inputs or unobservable inputs that are corroborated by market data. Level 3: Unobservable inputs that are not corroborated by market data. The following table presents the fair values for assets and liabilities measured on a recurring basis categorized into a Level based upon the lowest level of significant input to the valuations as of December 31, 2023:
|  |  |  |  | Fair Value Measurements Using |
Description |  | Fair Value as of December 31, 2023 |  |  | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) |  |  | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) |  |  | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) |
Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest Rate Swap Agreements |  |  | 1,858,677 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1,858,677 |  |  |  | — |
Total |  |  | 1,858,677 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1,858,677 |  |  |  | — |
The following table presents the fair values for assets and liabilities measured on a recurring basis categorized into a Level based upon the lowest level of significant input to the valuations as of December 31, 2024:
|  |  |  |  | Fair Value Measurements Using |
Description |  | Fair Value as of December 31, 2024 |  |  | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) |  |  | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) |  |  | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) |
Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest Rate Swap Agreements |  |  | 387,608 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 387,608 |  |  |  | — |
Total |  |  | 387,608 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 387,608 |  |  |  | — |
The following table present the fair values for assets measured on a non-recurring basis as of December 31, 2023 categorized into a Level based upon the lowest level of significant input to the valuations:
|  |  |  |  | Fair Value Measurements Using |
|  |  | Quoted Prices in Active |  |  | Significant |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Description |  | Fair Value as of December 2023 |  |  | Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) |  |  | Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) |  |  | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) |  |  | Impairment Loss |
Long-lived assets held for sale |  |  | 35,340,000 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 35,340,000 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (2,759,553 | )
Total |  |  | 35,340,000 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 35,340,000 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (2,759,553 | )
The vessels Eco Green and Eco Dream were classified as held for sale as of December 31, 2023 (Note 6) and were recognized at their fair value of $35,340,000 less costs to sell of $706,800. The fair value was determined based on the transaction price, as the sale price was agreed with unaffiliated third parties. As of 31.12.2024, there were no assets nor liabilities measured on a non-recurring basis.

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- Definition The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 55 -Paragraph 107 -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482078/820-10-55-107 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 55 -Paragraph 100 -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482078/820-10-55-100 Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (c)(3) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2 Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 6A -Subparagraph (a) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 2E -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2E Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 6A -Subparagraph (h) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 6A -Subparagraph (f) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 6A -Subparagraph (e) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 6A -Subparagraph (d) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (h) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2 Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (g) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2 Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 940 -SubTopic 820 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 1 -Subparagraph (a) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478119/940-820-50-1 + Details
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