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Note 5 - Fair Value Measurements

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Notes to Financial Statements

Fair Value Disclosures [Text Block]

NOTE 5 - FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in the principal or most advantageous market for an asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. GAAP establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the use of inputs used in valuation methodologies into the following levels:

Level I:

Quoted prices are available in active markets for identical assets or liabilities as of the reported date.

Level II:

Pricing inputs are other than the quoted prices in active markets, which are either directly or indirectly observable as of the reported date. The nature of these assets and liabilities includes items for which quoted prices are available but traded less frequently and items that are fair-valued using other financial instruments, the parameters of which can be directly observed.

Level III:

Assets and liabilities that have little to no pricing observability as of the reported date. These items do not have two-way markets and are measured using management’s best estimate of fair value, where the inputs into the determination of fair value require significant management judgment or estimation.

This hierarchy requires the use of observable market data when available.

The following tables present the assets measured on a recurring basis on the Consolidated Balance Sheet at their fair value by level within the fair value hierarchy. Financial assets and liabilities are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

						September 30, 2021
(Dollar amounts in thousands)		Level I				Level II				Level III				Total
Assets measured on a recurring basis:
Subordinated debt		$	-			$	20,933			$	11,687			$	32,620
Obligations of states and political subdivisions			-				119,048				-				119,048
Mortgage-backed securities in government-sponsored entities			-				11,389				-				11,389
Total debt securities			-				151,370				11,687				163,057
Equity securities in financial institutions			833				-				-				833
Total		$	833			$	151,370			$	11,687			$	163,890

						December 31, 2020
(Dollar amounts in thousands)		Level I				Level II				Level III				Total
Assets measured on a recurring basis:
Subordinated debt		$	-			$	14,047			$	7,250			$	21,297
Obligations of states and political subdivisions			-				78,302				-				78,302
Mortgage-backed securities in government-sponsored entities			-				14,761				-				14,761
Total debt securities			-				107,110				7,250				114,360
Equity securities in financial institutions			609				-				-				609
Total		$	609			$	107,110			$	7,250			$	114,969

The beginning balance of the Level III investments was $7.3 million, which increased due to purchases of $4.2 million, and increased by $237,000 due to a change in fair value during the period resulting in an ending balance of $11.7 million.

Investment Securities Available for Sale - The Company obtains fair values from an independent pricing service which represent quoted prices for similar assets, fair values determined by pricing models using a market approach that considers observable market data, such as interest rate volatilities, LIBOR yield curve, credit spreads and prices from market makers and live trading systems (Level II). Securities for which the pricing service is unable to calculate a market price are reported at fair value and are classified under the Level III measurement.

Equity Securities - Equity securities that are traded on a national securities exchange are valued at their last reported sales price as of the measurement date. Equity securities traded in the over-the-counter (“OTC”) markets and listed securities for which no sale was reported on that date are generally valued at their last reported “bid” price if held long, and last reported “ask” price if sold short. To the extent equity securities are actively traded and valuation adjustments are not applied, they are categorized in Level I of the fair value hierarchy.

The following tables present the assets measured on a non-recurring basis on the Consolidated Balance Sheet at their fair value by level within the fair value hierarchy. Collateral-dependent impaired loans are carried at fair value if they have been charged down to fair value or if a specific valuation allowance has been established. A new cost basis is established at the time a property is initially recorded in OREO. OREO properties are carried at fair value if a devaluation has been taken to the property’s value after the initial measurement. No such devaluation occurred during the nine months ended September 30, 2021.

						September 30, 2021
(Dollar amounts in thousands)		Level I				Level II				Level III				Total
Assets measured on a non-recurring basis:
Impaired loans		$	-			$	-			$	5,390			$	5,390
Other real estate owned			-				-				6,992				6,992

						December 31, 2020
(Dollar amounts in thousands)		Level I				Level II				Level III				Total
Assets measured on a non-recurring basis:
Impaired loans		$	-			$	-			$	4,111			$	4,111
Other real estate owned			-				-				6,992				6,992

Impaired Loans – The Company has measured impairment on collateral-dependent impaired loans generally based on the fair value of the loan’s collateral. Fair value is generally determined based upon independent third-party appraisals of the properties. In some cases, management may adjust the appraised value due to the age of the appraisal, changes in market conditions, or observable deterioration of the property since the appraisal was completed. Additionally, management makes estimates about expected costs to sell the property which are also included in the net realizable value. If the fair value of the collateral-dependent loan is less than the carrying amount of the loan, a specific reserve for the loan is made in the allowance for loan losses, or a charge-off is taken to reduce the loan to the fair value of the collateral (less estimated selling costs) and the loan is included in the above table as a Level III measurement. If the fair value of the collateral exceeds the carrying amount of the loan, then the loan is not included in the above table as it is not currently being carried at its fair value. The fair values in the above table exclude estimated selling costs of $1.2 million and $838,000 as of September 30, 2021, and December 31, 2020, respectively.

Other Real Estate Owned (OREO) – OREO is carried at the lower of cost or fair value, which is measured at the date of foreclosure. If the fair value of the collateral exceeds the carrying amount of the loan, no charge-off or adjustment is necessary, the loan is not considered to be carried at fair value, and is therefore not included in the above table. If the fair value of the collateral is less than the carrying amount of the loan, management will charge the loan down to its estimated realizable value. The fair value of OREO is based on the appraised value of the property, which is generally unadjusted by management and is based on comparable sales for similar properties in the same geographic region as the subject property and is included in the above table as a Level II measurement. In some cases, management may adjust the appraised value due to the age of the appraisal, changes in market conditions, or observable deterioration of the property since the appraisal was completed. In these cases, the loans are categorized in the above table as a Level III measurement since these adjustments are considered to be unobservable inputs. Income and expenses from operations and further declines in the fair value of the collateral after foreclosure are included in net expenses from OREO.

The following tables present additional quantitative information about assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis and for which the Company uses Level III inputs to determine fair value:

		Quantitative Information about Level III Fair Value Measurements
(Dollar amounts in thousands)
		Fair Value Estimate			Valuation Techniques	Unobservable Input		Range (Weighted Average)
September 30, 2021
Impaired loans		$	5,390		Appraisal of collateral (1)	Appraisal adjustments (2)		25.0%	to	72.2%	(38.7%)
Other real estate owned		$	6,992		Appraisal of collateral (1)	Appraisal adjustments (2)			19.9%

		Quantitative Information about Level III Fair Value Measurements
(Dollar amounts in thousands)
		Fair Value Estimate			Valuation Techniques	Unobservable Input		Range (Weighted Average)
December 31, 2020
Impaired loans		$	4,111		Appraisal of collateral (1)	Appraisal adjustments (2)		17.6%	to	48.5%	(22.7%)
Other real estate owned		$	6,992		Appraisal of collateral (1)	Appraisal adjustments (2)			19.9%

(1)

Fair value is generally determined through independent appraisals of the underlying collateral, which generally include various level III inputs that are not identifiable, less any associated allowance.

(2)

Appraisals may be adjusted by management for qualitative factors such as economic conditions and estimated liquidation expenses. The range and weighted average of liquidation expenses and other appraisal adjustments are presented as a percent of the appraisal.

The estimated fair value of the Company’s financial instruments not recorded at fair value on a recurring basis is as follows:

		September 30, 2021
		Carrying																Total
		Value				Level I				Level II				Level III				Fair Value
		(Dollar amounts in thousands)
Financial assets:
Cash and cash equivalents		$	132,351			$	132,351			$	-			$	-			$	132,351
Loans held for sale			676				-				1,105				-				1,105
Net loans			996,048				-				-				986,527				986,527
Bank-owned life insurance			16,954				16,954				-				-				16,954
Federal Home Loan Bank stock			4,399				4,399				-				-				4,399
Accrued interest receivable			4,392				4,392				-				-				4,392

Financial liabilities:
Deposits		$	1,200,557			$	988,883			$	-			$	213,479			$	1,202,362
Other borrowings			12,966				-				-				12,966				12,966
Accrued interest payable			305				305				-				-				305

		December 31, 2020
		Carrying																Total
		Value				Level I				Level II				Level III				Fair Value
		(Dollar amounts in thousands)
Financial assets:
Cash and cash equivalents		$	112,417			$	112,417			$	-			$	-			$	112,417
Loans held for sale			878				-				878				-				878
Net loans			1,090,626				-				-				1,089,573				1,089,573
Bank-owned life insurance			16,938				16,938				-				-				16,938
Federal Home Loan Bank stock			5,057				5,057				-				-				5,057
Accrued interest receivable			5,210				5,210				-				-				5,210

Financial liabilities:
Deposits		$	1,225,200			$	929,450			$	-			$	299,651			$	1,229,101
Other borrowings			17,038				-				-				15,250				15,250
Accrued interest payable			580				580				-				-				580

All financial instruments included in the above tables, except for net loans, deposits, and loans held for sale are carried at cost, which approximates the fair value of the instruments.

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

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