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Note G - Fair Value Measurements

9 Months Ended

Jan. 31, 2024

Notes to Financial Statements

Fair Value Disclosures [Text Block]

G – Fair Value Measurements

Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosures about fair value measurements.

ASC Topic 820 defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The guidance also establishes a fair value hierarchy that requires the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. Topic 820 describes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:

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Level 1 Inputs – Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

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Level 2 Inputs – Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.

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Level 3 Inputs – Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities.

Because no market exists for certain of the Company’s financial instruments, fair value estimates are based on judgments and estimates regarding yield expectations of investors, credit risk and other risk characteristics, including interest rate and prepayment risk. These estimates are subjective in nature and involve uncertainties and matters of judgment and therefore cannot be determined with precision. Changes in assumptions could significantly affect these estimates.

The methodology and assumptions utilized to estimate the fair value of the Company’s financial instruments and other assets are as follows:

Financial Instrument and Other Assets		Valuation Methodology

Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash		The carrying amount is considered to be a reasonable estimate of fair value due to the short-term nature of the financial instruments (Level 1).

Repossessed inventory		The fair value approximates wholesale value (Level 1).

Finance receivables, net		The Company estimated the fair value of its receivables at what a third-party purchaser might be willing to pay. The Company has had discussions with third parties and has bought and sold portfolios and has had a third-party appraisal in October 2022 that indicates a range of 34% to 39% discount to face would be a reasonable fair value in a negotiated third-party transaction. The sale of finance receivables from Car-Mart of Arkansas to Colonial is made at a 38.5% discount. For financial reporting purposes these sale transactions are eliminated (Level 2).

Accounts payable		The carrying amount is considered to be a reasonable estimate of fair value due to the short-term nature of the financial instrument (Level 2).

Contingent Consideration		The fair value was based upon inputs from the earn-out projection (Level 2).

Revolving line of credit		The fair value approximates carrying value due to the variable interest rates charged on the borrowings, which reprice frequently (Level 2).

Non-recourse notes payable		The fair value was based upon inputs derived from prices for similar instruments at period end (Level 2).

The estimated fair values, and related carrying amounts, of the financial instruments included in the Company’s financial statements at January 31, 2024 and April 30, 2023 are as follows:

		January 31, 2024								April 30, 2023
		Carrying Value				Fair Value				Carrying Value				Fair Value
(In thousands)

Cash and cash equivalents		$	4,239			$	4,239			$	9,796			$	9,796
Restricted cash			90,350				90,350				58,238				58,238
Inventory			18,663				18,663				16,451				16,451
Finance receivables, net			1,085,772				878,778				1,063,460				844,624
Accounts payable			25,868				25,868				27,196				27,196
Contingent Consideration			3,193				3,193				1,943				1,943
Revolving line of credit, net			55,374				55,374				167,231				167,231
Non-recourse notes payable			684,688				692,626				471,367				470,209

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

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