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3) Investments | 3 Months Ended
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Mar. 31, 2017
Notes |
3) Investments | 3) Investments The Company’s investments in fixed maturity securities held to maturity and equity securities available for sale as of March 31, 2017 are summarized as follows:
|  | Cost |  | Gross Unrealized Gains |  | Gross Unrealized Losses |  | Estimated Fair Value |
March 31, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Fixed maturity securities held to maturity carried at amortized cost: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Bonds: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. Government agencies |  | $4,357,040 |  | $244,853 |  | $(57,240) |  | $4,544,653 |
Obligations of states and political subdivisions |  | 5,995,384 |  | 146,273 |  | (132,140) |  | 6,009,517 |
Corporate securities including public utilities |  | 165,716,233 |  | 11,763,828 |  | (2,443,238) |  | 175,036,823 |
Mortgage-backed securities |  | 9,753,206 |  | 246,004 |  | (233,586) |  | 9,765,624 |
Redeemable preferred stock |  | 623,635 |  | 14,954 |  | (8,627) |  | 629,962 |
Total fixed maturity securities held to maturity |  | $186,445,498 |  | $12,415,912 |  | $(2,874,831) |  | $195,986,579 |
Equity securities available for sale at estimated fair value: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Common stock: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Industrial, miscellaneous and all other |  | $11,139,482 |  | $412,535 |  | $(816,778) |  | $10,735,239 |
Total equity securities available for sale at estimated fair value |  | $11,139,482 |  | $412,535 |  | $(816,778) |  | $10,735,239 |
Mortgage loans on real estate and construction loans held for investment at amortized cost: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Residential |  | $64,629,906 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Residential construction |  | 33,917,309 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial |  | 37,532,001 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Less: Allowance for loan losses |  | (1,955,443) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total mortgage loans on real estate and construction loans held for investment |  | $134,123,773 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Real estate held for investment - net of depreciation |  | $151,417,470 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Policy loans and other investments are shown at amortized cost: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Policy loans |  | $6,666,500 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Insurance assignments |  | 33,857,966 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Promissory notes |  | 48,797 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Other investments |  | 2,250,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Less: Allowance for doubtful accounts |  | (1,050,111) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total policy loans and other investments |  | $41,773,152 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Short-term investments at amortized cost |  | $28,346,922 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
The Company’s investments in fixed maturity securities held to maturity and equity securities available for sale as of December 31, 2016 are summarized as follows:
|  | Cost |  | Gross Unrealized Gains |  | Gross Unrealized Losses |  | Estimated Fair Value |
December 31, 2016: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Fixed maturity securities held to maturity carried at amortized cost: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Bonds: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. Government agencies |  | $4,475,065 |  | $249,028 |  | $(66,111) |  | $4,657,982 |
Obligations of states and political subdivisions |  | 6,017,225 |  | 153,514 |  | (133,249) |  | 6,037,490 |
Corporate securities including public utilities |  | 164,375,636 |  | 10,440,989 |  | (3,727,013) |  | 171,089,612 |
Mortgage-backed securities |  | 9,488,083 |  | 221,400 |  | (280,871) |  | 9,428,612 |
Redeemable preferred stock |  | 623,635 |  | 13,418 |  | - |  | 637,053 |
Total fixed maturity securities held to maturity |  | $184,979,644 |  | $11,078,349 |  | $(4,207,244) |  | $191,850,749 |
Equity securities available for sale at estimated fair value: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Common stock: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Industrial, miscellaneous and all other |  | $10,985,338 |  | $447,110 |  | $(859,092) |  | $10,573,356 |
Total securities available for sale carried at estimated fair value |  | $10,985,338 |  | $447,110 |  | $(859,092) |  | $10,573,356 |
Mortgage loans on real estate and construction loans held for investment at amortized cost: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Residential |  | $58,593,622 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Residential construction |  | 40,800,117 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial |  | 51,536,622 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Less: Allowance for loan losses |  | (1,748,783) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total mortgage loans on real estate and construction loans held for investment |  | $149,181,578 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Real estate held for investment - net of depreciation |  | $145,165,921 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Policy loans and other investments are shown at amortized cost: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Policy loans |  | $6,694,148 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Insurance assignments |  | 33,548,079 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Promissory notes |  | 48,797 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Other investments |  | 1,765,752 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Less: Allowance for doubtful accounts |  | (1,119,630) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total policy loans and other investments |  | $40,937,146 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Short-term investments at amortized cost |  | $27,560,040 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Fixed Maturity Securities The following tables summarize unrealized losses on fixed maturity securities, which are carried at amortized cost, at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016. The unrealized losses were primarily related to interest rate fluctuations. The tables set forth unrealized losses by duration with the fair value of the related fixed maturity securities:
|  | Unrealized Losses for Less than Twelve Months |  | Fair Value |  | Unrealized Losses for More than Twelve Months |  | Fair Value |  | Total Unrealized Loss | Fair Value
At March 31, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Treasury Securities and Obligations of U.S. Government Agencies |  | $57,240 |  | $1,345,231 |  | $- |  | $- |  | $57,240 | $1,345,231
Obligations of states and political subdivisions |  | 132,140 |  | 3,270,595 |  | - |  | - |  | 132,140 | 3,270,595
Corporate securities |  | 1,094,907 |  | 29,075,748 |  | 1,348,331 |  | 12,362,900 |  | 2,443,238 | 41,438,648
Mortgage-backed securities |  | 126,828 |  | 1,745,284 |  | 106,758 |  | 1,470,559 |  | 233,586 | 3,215,843
Redeemable preferred stock |  | 8,627 |  | 98,110 |  | - |  | - |  | 8,627 | 98,110
Total unrealized losses |  | $1,419,742 |  | $35,534,968 |  | $1,455,089 |  | $13,833,459 |  | $2,874,831 | $49,368,427
At December 31, 2016 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Treasury Securities and Obligations of U.S. Government Agencies |  | $66,111 |  | $1,342,088 |  | $- |  | $- |  | $66,111 | $1,342,088
Obligations of states and political subdivisions |  | 133,249 |  | 3,686,856 |  | - |  | - |  | 133,249 | 3,686,856
Corporate securities |  | 1,728,312 |  | 41,796,016 |  | 1,998,701 |  | 12,969,135 |  | 3,727,013 | 54,765,151
Mortgage-backed securities |  | 176,715 |  | 4,176,089 |  | 104,156 |  | 940,278 |  | 280,871 | 5,116,367
Total unrealized losses |  | $2,104,387 |  | $51,001,049 |  | $2,102,857 |  | $13,909,413 |  | $4,207,244 | $64,910,462
There were 195 securities with unrealized losses of 94.5% of amortized cost at March 31, 2017. There were 250 securities with unrealized losses of 93.9% of amortized cost at December 31, 2016. During the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 an other than temporary decline in fair value resulted in the recognition of credit losses on fixed maturity securities of $52,139 and $30,000, respectively. On a quarterly basis, the Company reviews its available for sale and held to maturity fixed investment securities related to corporate securities and other public utilities, consisting of bonds and preferred stocks that are in a loss position. The review involves an analysis of the securities in relation to historical values, and projected earnings and revenue growth rates. Based on the analysis, a determination is made whether a security will likely recover from the loss position within a reasonable period of time. If it is unlikely that the investment will recover from the loss position, the loss is considered to be other than temporary, the security is written down to the impaired value and an impairment loss is recognized. Equity Securities The following tables summarize unrealized losses on equity securities that were carried at estimated fair value based on quoted trading prices at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016. The unrealized losses were primarily the result of decreases in fair value due to overall equity market declines. The tables set forth unrealized losses by duration and number of investment positions, together with the fair value of the related equity securities available for sale in a loss position:
|  | Unrealized Losses for Less than Twelve Months |  | No. of Investment Positions |  | Unrealized Losses for More than Twelve Months |  | No. of Investment Positions |  | Total Unrealized Losses
At March 31, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Industrial, miscellaneous and all other |  | $178,006 |  | 149 |  | $638,772 |  | 105 |  | $816,778
Total unrealized losses |  | $178,006 |  | 149 |  | $638,772 |  | 105 |  | $816,778
Fair Value |  | $3,955,133 |  |  |  | $1,154,812 |  |  |  | $5,109,945
At December 31, 2016 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Industrial, miscellaneous and all other |  | $215,563 |  | 124 |  | $643,529 |  | 104 |  | $859,092
Total unrealized losses |  | $215,563 |  | 124 |  | $643,529 |  | 104 |  | $859,092
Fair Value |  | $2,063,144 |  |  |  | $1,685,874 |  |  |  | $3,749,018
The average market value of the equity securities available for sale was 86.2% and 81.4% of the original investment as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively. The intent of the Company is to retain equity securities for a period of time sufficient to allow for the recovery in fair value. However, the Company may sell equity securities during a period in which the fair value has declined below the amount of the original investment. In certain situations, new factors, including changes in the business environment, can change the Company’s previous intent to continue holding a security. During the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, an other than temporary decline in the fair value resulted in the recognition of an impairment loss on equity securities of $-0- and $43,630, respectively. On a quarterly basis, the Company reviews its investment in industrial, miscellaneous and all other equity securities that are in a loss position. The review involves an analysis of the securities in relation to historical values, price earnings ratios, projected earnings and revenue growth rates. Based on the analysis a determination is made whether a security will likely recover from the loss position within a reasonable period of time. If it is unlikely that the investment will recover from the loss position, the loss is considered to be other than temporary, the security is written down to the impaired value and an impairment loss is recognized. The fair values of fixed maturity securities are based on quoted market prices, when available. For fixed maturity securities not actively traded, fair values are estimated using values obtained from independent pricing services, or in the case of private placements, are estimated by discounting expected future cash flows using a current market value applicable to the coupon rate, credit and maturity of the investments. The fair values for equity securities are based on quoted market prices. The amortized cost and estimated fair value of fixed maturity securities at March 31, 2017, by contractual maturity, are shown below. Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities because certain borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.
|  | Amortized Cost |  | Estimated Fair Value
Held to Maturity: |  |  |  |
Due in 2017 |  | $5,625,049 |  | $5,677,028
Due in 2018 through 2021 |  | 42,733,718 |  | 44,794,103
Due in 2022 through 2026 |  | 43,263,792 |  | 45,020,917
Due after 2026 |  | 84,446,098 |  | 90,098,945
Mortgage-backed securities |  | 9,753,206 |  | 9,765,624
Redeemable preferred stock |  | 623,635 |  | 629,962
Total held to maturity |  | $186,445,498 |  | $195,986,579
The cost and estimated fair value of available for sale securities at March 31, 2017, by contractual maturity, are shown below. Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities because certain borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. Equities are valued using the specific identification method.
|  | Cost |  | Estimated Fair Value
Available for Sale: |  |  |  |
Common stock |  | $11,139,482 |  | $10,735,239
Total available for sale |  | $11,139,482 |  | $10,735,239
The Company’s realized gains and losses and other than temporary impairments from investments and other assets, are summarized as follows:
|  | Three Months Ended Mar 31
|  | 2017 |  | 2016
Fixed maturity securities held to maturity: |  |  |  |
Gross realized gains |  | $2,434 |  | $-
Gross realized losses |  | - |  | (24,795)
Other than temporary impairments |  | (52,139) |  | (30,000)
Securities available for sale: |  |  |  |
Gross realized gains |  | 60,978 |  | 63,495
Gross realized losses |  | (4,556) |  | (23,878)
Other than temporary impairments |  | - |  | (43,630)
Other assets: |  |  |  |
Gross realized gains |  | 456,275 |  | 84,768
Gross realized losses |  | (369,801) |  | (1,668)
Total |  | $93,191 |  | $24,292
The net carrying amount of held to maturity securities sold was $28,073 and $-0- for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. The net realized gain related to these sales was $2,434 and $-0- for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. Although the intent is to buy and hold a bond to maturity the Company will sell a bond prior to maturity if conditions have changed within the entity that issued the bond to increase the risk of default to an unacceptable level. There were no investments, aggregated by issuer, in excess of 10% of shareholders’ equity (before net unrealized gains and losses on available for sale securities) at March 31, 2017, other than investments issued or guaranteed by the United States Government. Major categories of net investment income are as follows:
| Three Months Ended Mar 31
| 2017 |  | 2016
Fixed maturity securities | $2,368,710 |  | $2,050,569
Equity securities | 54,786 |  | 71,041
Mortgage loans on real estate | 2,223,139 |  | 2,026,515
Real estate | 2,894,331 |  | 2,838,484
Policy loans | 193,734 |  | 182,206
Insurance assignments | 3,364,642 |  | 3,104,788
Other investments | 7,543 |  | -
Short-term investments, principally interest on sale of mortgage loans and other | 1,804,746 |  | 1,863,144
Gross investment income | 12,911,631 |  | 12,136,747
Investment expenses | (3,348,349) |  | (3,144,556)
Net investment income | $9,563,282 |  | $8,992,191
Net investment income includes income earned by the restricted assets of the cemeteries and mortuaries of $115,501 and $87,976 for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. Net investment income on real estate consists primarily of rental revenue. Investment expenses consist primarily of depreciation, property taxes, operating expenses of real estate and an estimated portion of administrative expenses relating to investment activities. Securities on deposit for regulatory authorities as required by law amounted to $9,268,330 at March 31, 2017 and $9,269,121 at December 31, 2016. The restricted securities are included in various assets under investments on the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. Real Estate The Company continues to strategically deploy resources into real estate to match the income and yield durations of its primary obligations. The sources for these real estate assets come through its various business units in the form of acquisition, development mortgage foreclosures. Commercial Real Estate Held for Investment The Company owns and manages commercial real estate assets as a means of generating investment income. These assets are acquired in accordance with the Company’s goals and objectives for risk-adjusted returns. Due diligence is conducted on each asset using internal and third party reports. Geographic locations and asset classes of the investment activity is determined by senior management under the direction of the Board of Directors. The Company employs full-time employees to attend to the day-to-day operations of those assets within the greater Salt Lake area and close surrounding markets. The Company utilizes third party property managers when the geographic boundary does not warrant full-time staff or through strategic lease-up periods. The Company generally looks to acquire assets in regions that are high growth regions for employment and population and in assets that provide operational efficiencies. The Company currently owns and operates 13 commercial properties in 7 states. These properties include industrial warehouses, office buildings, retail centers, undeveloped land and includes the redevelopment and expansion of its corporate campus in Salt Lake City Utah. The assets are primarily held without debt; however, the Company does use debt in strategic cases to leverage established yields or to acquire higher quality or different class of asset. The following is a summary of the Company’s investment in commercial real estate for the periods presented:
|  | Net Ending Balance |  | Total Square Footage
|  | March 31 |  | December 31 |  | March 31 |  | December 31
|  | 2017 |  | 2016 |  | 2017 |  | 2016
Arizona |  | $447,229 | (1) | $450,538 | (1) | 16,270 |  | 16,270
Arkansas |  | 99,319 |  | 100,369 |  | 3,200 |  | 3,200
Kansas |  | 12,512,451 |  | 12,450,297 |  | 222,679 |  | 222,679
Louisiana |  | 512,324 |  | 518,700 |  | 7,063 |  | 7,063
Mississippi |  | 3,795,355 |  | 3,818,985 |  | 33,821 |  | 33,821
New Mexico |  | 7,000 | (1) | 7,000 | (1) | - |  | -
Texas |  | 3,760,499 |  | 3,734,974 |  | 23,470 |  | 23,470
Utah |  | 57,104,854 | (2) | 47,893,073 | (2) | 433,244 |  | 433,244
|  | $78,239,031 |  | $68,973,936 |  | 739,747 |  | 739,747
(1) Includes undeveloped land |  |  |  |  |  |
(2) Includes 53rd Center to be completed in July 2017 |  |
Residential Real Estate Held for Investment The Company owns a portfolio of residential homes primarily as a result of loan foreclosures. The strategy has been to lease these homes to produce cash flow, and allow time for the economic fundamentals to return to the various markets. As an orderly and active market for these homes returns, the Company has the option to dispose or to continue and hold them for cash flow and acceptable returns. The Company established Security National Real Estate Services (“SNRE”) to manage the residential portfolio. SNRE cultivates and maintains the preferred vendor relationships necessary to manage costs and quality of work performed on the portfolio of homes across the country. As of March 31, 2017, SNRE manages 124 residential properties in 9 states across the United States which includes a newly constructed apartment complex, Dry Creek at East Village, in Sandy Utah. The following is a summary of the Company’s investment in residential real estate for the periods presented:
|  | Net Ending Balance
|  | March 31 |  | December 31
|  | 2017 |  | 2016
Arizona |  | $739,333 |  | $742,259
California |  | 5,404,417 |  | 5,848,389
Colorado |  | 204,538 |  | 364,489
Florida |  | 8,273,416 |  | 8,327,355
Ohio |  | 46,658 |  | 46,658
Oklahoma |  | 17,500 |  | -
Texas |  | 777,843 |  | 1,091,188
Utah |  | 57,428,553 |  | 59,485,466
Washington |  | 286,181 |  | 286,181
|  | $73,178,439 |  | $76,191,985
Real Estate Owned and Occupied by the Company The primary business units of the Company occupy a portion of the real estate owned by the Company. Currently, the Company occupies nearly 80,000 square feet, or 10% of the overall commercial real estate holdings. As of March 31, 2017, real estate owned and occupied by the company is summarized as follows:
Location |  | Business Segment |  | Approximate Square Footage |  | Square Footage Occupied by the Company
5300 South 360 West, Salt Lake City, UT (1) |  | Corporate Offices, Life Insurance and Cemetery/Mortuary Operations |  | 36,000 |  | 100%
5201 Green Street, Salt Lake City, UT |  | Mortgage Operations |  | 36,899 |  | 34%
1044 River Oaks Dr., Flowood, MS |  | Life Insurance Operations |  | 5,522 |  | 27%
(1) This asset is included in property and equipment on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet |  |
Mortgage Loans Mortgage loans consist of first and second mortgages. The mortgage loans bear interest at rates ranging from 2.0% to 10.5%, maturity dates range from three months to 30 years and are secured by real estate. Concentrations of credit risk arise when a number of mortgage loan debtors have similar economic characteristics that would cause their ability to meet contractual obligations to be similarly affected by changes in economic conditions. Although the Company has a diversified mortgage loan portfolio consisting of residential mortgages, commercial loans and residential construction loans and requires collateral on all real estate exposures, a substantial portion of its debtors’ ability to honor obligations is reliant on the economic stability of the geographic region in which the debtors do business. At March 31, 2017, the Company had 42%, 15%, 10%, 8%, 5% and 3% of its mortgage loans from borrowers located in the states of Utah, California, Texas, Florida, Oregon, and Nevada, respectively. The mortgage loans on real estate balances on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet are reflected net of an allowance for loan losses of $1,955,443 and $1,748,783 at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively. The Company establishes a valuation allowance for credit losses in its portfolio. The following is a summary of the allowance for loan losses as a contra-asset account for the periods presented:
Allowance for Credit Losses and Recorded Investment in Mortgage Loans
| Commercial |  | Residential |  | Residential Construction |  | Total
March 31, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Allowance for credit losses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beginning balance - January 1, 2017 | $187,129 |  | $1,461,540 |  | $100,114 |  | $1,748,783
Charge-offs | - |  | (16,226) |  | - |  | (16,226)
Provision | - |  | 222,886 |  | - |  | 222,886
Ending balance -March 31, 2017 | $187,129 |  | $1,668,200 |  | $100,114 |  | $1,955,443
Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment | $- |  | $423,487 |  | $- |  | $423,487
Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment | $187,129 |  | $1,244,713 |  | $100,114 |  | $1,531,956
Ending balance: loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality | $- |  | $- |  | $- |  | $-
Mortgage loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Ending balance | $37,532,001 |  | $64,629,906 |  | $33,917,309 |  | $136,079,216
Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment | $203,264 |  | $4,842,306 |  | $484,196 |  | $5,529,766
Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment | $37,328,737 |  | $59,787,600 |  | $33,433,113 |  | $130,549,450
Ending balance: loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality | $- |  | $- |  | $- |  | $-
December 31, 2016 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Allowance for credit losses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beginning balance - January 1, 2016 | $187,129 |  | $1,560,877 |  | $100,114 |  | $1,848,120
Charge-offs | - |  | (420,135) |  | - |  | (420,135)
Provision | - |  | 320,798 |  | - |  | 320,798
Ending balance - December 31, 2016 | $187,129 |  | $1,461,540 |  | $100,114 |  | $1,748,783
Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment | $- |  | $374,501 |  | $- |  | $374,501
Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment | $187,129 |  | $1,087,039 |  | $100,114 |  | $1,374,282
Ending balance: loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality | $- |  | $- |  | $- |  | $-
Mortgage loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Ending balance | $51,536,622 |  | $58,593,622 |  | $40,800,117 |  | $150,930,361
Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment | $202,992 |  | $2,916,538 |  | $64,895 |  | $3,184,425
Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment | $51,333,630 |  | $55,677,084 |  | $40,735,222 |  | $147,745,936
Ending balance: loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality | $- |  | $- |  | $- |  | $-
The following is a summary of the aging of mortgage loans for the periods presented:
Age Analysis of Past Due Mortgage Loans
| 30-59 Days Past Due | 60-89 Days Past Due | Greater Than 90 Days (1) | In Process of Foreclosure (1) | Total Past Due | Current | Total Mortgage Loans | Allowance for Loan Losses | Net Mortgage Loans
March 31, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial | $1,547,419 | $- | $- | $203,264 | $1,750,683 | $35,781,318 | $37,532,001 | $(187,129) | $37,344,872
Residential | 733,374 | 91,433 | 1,451,582 | 3,390,724 | 5,667,113 | 58,962,793 | 64,629,906 | (1,668,200) | 62,961,706
Residential Construction | - | - | 64,895 | 419,301 | 484,196 | 33,433,113 | 33,917,309 | (100,114) | 33,817,195
Total | $2,280,793 | $91,433 | $1,516,477 | $4,013,289 | $7,901,992 | $128,177,224 | $136,079,216 | $(1,955,443) | $134,123,773
December 31, 2016 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial | $- | $- | $- | $202,992 | $202,992 | $51,333,630 | $51,536,622 | $(187,129) | $51,349,493
Residential | 964,960 | 996,779 | 1,290,355 | 1,626,183 | 4,878,277 | 53,715,345 | 58,593,622 | (1,461,540) | 57,132,082
Residential Construction | - | - | 64,895 | - | 64,895 | 40,735,222 | 40,800,117 | (100,114) | 40,700,003
Total | $964,960 | $996,779 | $1,355,250 | $1,829,175 | $5,146,164 | $145,784,197 | $150,930,361 | $(1,748,783) | $149,181,578
(1) Interest income is not recognized on loans past due greater than 90 days or in foreclosure.
Impaired Mortgage Loans Impaired mortgage loans include loans with a related specific valuation allowance or loans whose carrying amount has been reduced to the expected collectible amount because the impairment has been considered other than temporary. The recorded investment in and unpaid principal balance of impaired loans along with the related loan specific allowance for losses, if any, for each reporting period and the average recorded investment and interest income recognized during the time the loans were impaired were as follows:
Impaired Loans
| Recorded Investment |  | Unpaid Principal Balance |  | Related Allowance |  | Average Recorded Investment |  | Interest Income Recognized
March 31, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
With no related allowance recorded: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial | $203,264 |  | $203,264 |  | $- |  | $203,264 |  | $-
Residential | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | -
Residential construction | 484,196 |  | 484,196 |  | - |  | 484,196 |  | -
With an allowance recorded: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial | $- |  | $- |  | $- |  | $- |  | $-
Residential | 4,842,306 |  | 4,842,306 |  | 423,487 |  | 4,842,306 |  | -
Residential construction | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | -
Total: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial | $203,264 |  | $203,264 |  | $- |  | $203,264 |  | $-
Residential | 4,842,306 |  | 4,842,306 |  | 423,487 |  | 4,842,306 |  | -
Residential construction | 484,196 |  | 484,196 |  | - |  | 484,196 |  | -
December 31, 2016 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
With no related allowance recorded: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial | $202,992 |  | $202,992 |  | $- |  | $202,992 |  | $-
Residential | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | -
Residential construction | 64,895 |  | 64,895 |  | - |  | 64,895 |  | -
With an allowance recorded: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial | $- |  | $- |  | $- |  | $- |  | $-
Residential | 2,916,538 |  | 2,916,538 |  | 374,501 |  | 2,916,538 |  | -
Residential construction | - |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | -
Total: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial | $202,992 |  | $202,992 |  | $- |  | $202,992 |  | $-
Residential | 2,916,538 |  | 2,916,538 |  | 374,501 |  | 2,916,538 |  | -
Residential construction | 64,895 |  | 64,895 |  | - |  | 64,895 |  | -
Credit Risk Profile Based on Performance Status The Company’s mortgage loan portfolio is monitored based on performance of the loans. Monitoring a mortgage loan increases when the loan is delinquent or earlier if there is an indication of impairment. The Company defines non-performing mortgage loans as loans 90 days or greater delinquent or on non-accrual status. The Company’s performing and non-performing mortgage loans were as follows:
Mortgage Loan Credit Exposure
Credit Risk Profile Based on Payment Activity
| Commercial |  | Residential |  | Residential Construction |  | Total
| March 31, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016 |  | March 31, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016 |  | March 31, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016 |  | March 31, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
Performing | $37,328,737 |  | $51,333,630 |  | $59,787,600 |  | $55,677,084 |  | $33,433,113 |  | $40,735,222 |  | $130,549,450 |  | $147,745,936
Nonperforming | 203,264 |  | 202,992 |  | 4,842,306 |  | 2,916,538 |  | 484,196 |  | 64,895 |  | 5,529,766 |  | 3,184,425
Total | $37,532,001 |  | $51,536,622 |  | $64,629,906 |  | $58,593,622 |  | $33,917,309 |  | $40,800,117 |  | $136,079,216 |  | $150,930,361
Non-Accrual Mortgage Loans Once a loan is past due 90 days, it is the policy of the Company to end the accrual of interest income on the loan and write off any income that had been accrued. Interest not accrued on these loans totals approximately $156,000 and $172,000 as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively. The following is a summary of mortgage loans on a nonaccrual status for the periods presented.
| Mortgage Loans on Nonaccrual Status
| As of March 31 2017 |  | As of December 31 2016
Commercial | $203,264 |  | $202,992
Residential | 4,842,306 |  | 2,916,538
Residential construction | 484,196 |  | 64,895
Total | $5,529,766 |  | $3,184,425
Loan Loss Reserve When a repurchase demand corresponding to a mortgage loan previously sold to a third-party investor is received from a third-party investor, the relevant data is reviewed and captured so that an estimated future loss can be calculated. The key factors that are used in the estimated loss calculation are as follows: (i) lien position, (ii) payment status, (iii) claim type, (iv) unpaid principal balance, (v) interest rate, and (vi) validity of the demand. Other data is captured and is useful for management purposes; the actual estimated loss is generally based on these key factors. The Company conducts its own review upon the receipt of a repurchase demand. In many instances, the Company is able to resolve the issues relating to the repurchase demand by the third-party investor without having to make any payments to the investor. The following is a summary of the loan loss reserve that is included in other liabilities and accrued expenses:
| As of March 31 2017 |  | As of December 31 2016
Balance, beginning of period | $627,733 |  | $2,805,900
Provisions for losses | 426,634 |  | 4,688,754
Charge-offs, net of recaptured amounts | 10,708 |  | (6,866,921)
Balance, end of period | $1,065,075 |  | $627,733
The Company believes the loan loss reserve represents probable loan losses incurred as of the balance sheet date. Actual loan loss experience could change, in the near-term, from the established reserve based upon claims that could be asserted by third party investors. SecurityNational Mortgage believes there is potential to resolve any alleged claims by third party investors on acceptable terms. If SecurityNational Mortgage is unable to resolve such claims on acceptable terms, legal action may ensue. In the event of legal action by any third-party investor, SecurityNational Mortgage believes it has significant defenses to any such action and intends to vigorously defend itself against such action.

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