Set forth below is selected data relating to the composition of the loan portfolio (in thousands):




	December 31, 2022				December 31, 2021
Real Estate:
Residential	$	298,813	20.3	%	$	273,040	20.1	%
Commercial		651,544	44.2			628,724	46.4
Agricultural		68,915	4.7			61,925	4.6
Construction		32,469	2.2			21,990	1.6
Commercial loans		187,257	12.7			186,031	13.7
Other agricultural loans		35,277	2.4			37,930	2.8
Consumer loans to individuals		200,149	13.5			146,400	10.8
Total loans		1,474,424	100.0	%		1,356,040	100.0	%

Deferred fees, net		(479)				(1,109)
Total loans receivable		1,473,945				1,354,931
Allowance for loan losses		(16,999)				(16,442)
Net loans receivable	$	1,456,946			$	1,338,489

During 2021 and 2020, the Company participated in the Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”), administered directly by the United States Small Business Administration (“SBA”). The PPP provides loans to small businesses who were affected by economic conditions as a result of COVID-19 to provide cash-flow assistance to employers who maintain their payroll (including healthcare and certain related expenses), mortgage interest, rent, leases, utilities and interest on existing debt during the COVID-19 emergency. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company had outstanding principal balances of $121,000 and $15,209,000, respectively, in PPP loans. The PPP loans are fully guaranteed by the SBA and may be eligible for forgiveness by the SBA to the extent that the proceeds are used to cover eligible payroll costs, interest costs, rent, and utility costs over a period of up to 24 weeks after the loan is made as long as certain conditions are met regarding employee retention and compensation levels. PPP loans deemed eligible for forgiveness by the SBA will be repaid by the SBA to the Company. PPP loans are included in the Commercial loan category.

In accordance with the SBA terms and conditions on these PPP loans, the Company received approximately $0 and $2.9 million in fees associated with the processing of these loans in 2022 and 2021, respectively. Upon funding of the loans, these fees were deferred and are amortized over the life of the loan as an adjustment to yield in accordance with FASB ASC 310-20-25-2.

As a result of the acquisition of UpState, the Company added $15,410,000 of loans that were accounted for in accordance with ASC 310-30. Based on a review of the loans acquired by the Company’s senior lending management, which included an analysis of credit deterioration of the loans since origination, the Company recorded a specific credit fair value adjustment of $6,937,000. For loans that were acquired with specific evidence of deterioration in credit quality, loan losses will be accounted for through a reduction of the specific reserve and will not impact the allowance for loan losses until actual losses exceed the allotted reserves. For loans acquired without a deterioration of credit quality, losses incurred will result in adjustments to the allowance for loan losses through the allowance for loan loss adequacy calculation.

Changes in the accretable yield for purchased credit-impaired loans were as follows for the twelve months ended December 31:

The following table presents additional information regarding loans acquired and accounted for in accordance with ASC 310-30 (in thousands):


	December 31, 2022		December 31, 2021
Outstanding Balance
	$	8,368	$	12,862
Carrying Amount
	$	6,290	$	8,304

Loans acquired with credit deterioration of $15,410,000 and accounted for in accordance with ASC 310-30 were individually evaluated to estimate credit losses and a net recovery amount for each loan. The net cash flows for each loan were then discounted to present value using a risk-adjusted market rate. The table below presents the components of the purchase accounting adjustments:



(In Thousands)	July 7, 2020
Contractually required principal and interest	$	15,410
Non-accretable discount		(5,213)
Expected cash flows		10,197
Accretable discount		(1,724)
Estimated fair value	$	8,473

There has been no allowance for loan losses recorded for acquired loans with specific evidence of deterioration in credit quality. As of December 31, 2022, for loans that were acquired prior to 2020 with or without specific evidence of deterioration in credit quality, adjustments to the allowance for loan losses have been accounted for through the allowance for loan loss adequacy calculation.

The Company maintains a loan review system, which allows for a periodic review of our loan portfolio and the early identification of potential impaired loans. The system takes into consideration, among other things, delinquency status, size of loans, type and market value of collateral and financial condition of the borrowers. Specific loan loss allowances are established for identified losses based on a review of such information. A loan evaluated for impairment is considered to be impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that we will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. All loans identified as impaired are evaluated independently. The Company does not aggregate such loans for evaluation purposes. Impairment is measured on a loan-by-loan basis for commercial and construction loans by the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate, the loan’s obtainable market price, or the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral-dependent.

Large groups of smaller balance homogeneous loans are collectively evaluated for impairment. Accordingly, the Company does not separately identify individual consumer and residential mortgage loans for impairment disclosures, unless such loans are part of a larger relationship that is impaired, or are classified as a troubled debt restructuring.

The following tables show the amount of loans in each category that were individually and collectively evaluated for impairment at the dates indicated:


	Real Estate Loans
									Commercial			Other	Consumer
	Residential		Commercial			Agricultural	Construction		Loans			Agricultural	Loans		Total
	(In thousands)
December 31, 2022
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	—	$	402	$	—	$	—	$	61	$	—	$	—	$	463
Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality		567		2,049		2,034		—		1,640		—		—		6,290
Collectively evaluated for impairment		298,246		649,093		66,881		32,469		185,556		35,277		200,149		1,467,671
Total Loans	$	298,813	$	651,544	$	68,915	$	32,469	$	187,257	$	35,277	$	200,149	$	1,474,424


	Real Estate Loans
									Commercial			Other	Consumer
	Residential		Commercial			Agricultural	Construction		Loans			Agricultural	Loans		Total
	(In thousands)
December 31, 2021
Individually evaluated for impairment	$	—	$	1,658	$	—	$	—	$	16	$	—	$	—	$	1,674
Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality		784		3,285		1,918		—		198		2,119		—		8,304
Collectively evaluated for impairment		272,256		623,781		60,007		21,990		185,817		35,811		146,400		1,346,062
Total Loans	$	273,040	$	628,724	$	61,925	$	21,990	$	186,031	$	37,930	$	146,400	$	1,356,040

The following table includes the recorded investment and unpaid principal balances for impaired loans with the associated allowance amount, if applicable.


			Unpaid Principal
	Recorded		Principal		Associated
	Investment		Balance		Allowance
December 31, 2022	(In thousands)
With no related allowance recorded:
Real Estate Loans
Commercial	$	402	$	402	$	—
Commercial loans		11		11		—
Subtotal		413		413		—

With an allowance recorded:
Commercial loans		50		50		50

Subtotal		50		50		50

Total:
Real Estate Loans
Commercial	$	402	$	402	$	—
Commercial loans		61		61		50
Total Impaired Loans	$	463	$	463	$	50


			Unpaid
	Recorded		Principal		Associated
	Investment		Balance		Allowance
December 31, 2021	(In thousands)
With no related allowance recorded:
Real Estate Loans
Commercial	$	141	$	141	$	—
Commercial loans		16		16		—
Subtotal		157		157		—

With an allowance recorded:
Real Estate Loans
Commercial		1,517		1,517		272

Subtotal		1,517		1,517		272
Total:
Real Estate Loans
Residential						—
Commercial	$	1,658	$	1,658	$	272
Commercial loans		16		16		—
Total Impaired Loans	$	1,674	$	1,674	$	272

The following information for impaired loans is presented for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021:


	Average Recorded				Interest Income
	Investment				Recognized
	2022		2021		2022		2021
	(In thousands)
Total:
Real Estate Loans
Commercial	$	740	$	2,358	$	93	$	157
Commercial loans		24		18		—		7
Total Loans	$	764	$	2,376	$	93	$	164

Troubled debt restructured loans are those loans whose terms have been renegotiated to provide a reduction or deferral of principal or interest as a result of financial difficulties experienced by the borrower, who could not obtain comparable terms from alternate financing sources. As of December 31, 2022, there were no troubled debt restructured loans. During 2022, there were no new loan relationships identified as troubled debt restructurings. During 2022, there were no charge-offs on loans classified as troubled debt restructurings.

As of December 31, 2021, there were no troubled debt restructured loans. During 2021, there were no new loans relationships identified as troubled debt restructurings. During 2021, there were no charge-offs on loans classified as troubled debt restructurings.

Foreclosed assets acquired in settlement of loans are carried at fair value less estimated costs to sell and are included in foreclosed real estate owned on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, foreclosed real estate owned totaled $346,000 and $1,742,000, respectively. As of December 31, 2022, included within foreclosed real estate owned is one commercial property that was received via a deed in lieu. As of December 31, 2022, the Company has initiated formal foreclosure proceedings on four consumer residential mortgage loans with an outstanding balance of $223,000.

Management uses an eight point internal risk rating system to monitor the credit quality of the overall loan portfolio. The first four categories are considered not criticized, and are aggregated as “Pass” rated. The criticized rating categories utilized by management generally follow bank regulatory definitions. The Special Mention category includes assets that are currently protected but are potentially weak, resulting in an undue and unwarranted credit risk, but not to the point of justifying a Substandard classification. Loans in the Substandard category have well-defined weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt, and have a distinct possibility that some loss will be sustained if the weaknesses are not corrected. Loans greater than 90 days past due are considered Substandard unless full payment is expected. Any portion of a loan that has been charged off is placed in the Loss category.

To help ensure that risk ratings are accurate and reflect the present and future capacity of borrowers to repay a loan as agreed, the Company has a structured loan rating process with several layers of internal and external oversight. Generally, consumer and residential mortgage loans are included in the Pass categories unless a specific action, such as nonperformance, repossession, or death occurs to raise awareness of a possible credit event. The Company’s Loan Review Department is responsible for the timely and accurate risk rating of the loans on an ongoing basis. Every credit which must be approved by Loan Committee or the Board of Directors is assigned a risk rating at time of consideration. Loan Review also annually reviews relationships of $1,500,000 and over to assign or re-affirm risk ratings. Loans in the Substandard categories that are collectively evaluated for impairment are given separate consideration in the determination of the allowance.

The following table presents the classes of the loan portfolio summarized by the aggregate Pass and the criticized categories of Special Mention, Substandard, Doubtful and Loss within the internal risk rating system as of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 (in thousands):


			Special
	Pass		Mention		Substandard		Doubtful		Loss		Total
December 31, 2022
Commercial real estate loans	$	646,775	$	1,079	$	3,690	$	—	$	—	$	651,544
Real estate - agricultural		66,444		368		2,103		—		—		68,915
Commercial loans		186,966		184		107		—		—		187,257
Other agricultural loans		34,071		556		650		—		—		35,277
Total	$	934,256	$	2,187	$	6,550	$	—	$	—	$	942,993



			Special
	Pass		Mention		Substandard		Doubtful		Loss		Total
December 31, 2021
Commercial real estate loans	$	618,541	$	5,146	$	4,765	$	—	$	272	$	628,724
Real estate - agricultural		60,193		—		1,732		—		—		61,925
Commercial loans		185,729		199		103		—		—		186,031
Other agricultural loans		35,573		210		2,147		—		—		37,930
Total	$	900,036	$	5,555	$	8,747	$	-	$	272	$	914,610

For residential real estate loans, construction loans and consumer loans, the Company evaluates credit quality based on the performance of the individual credits. Nonperforming loans include loans that have been placed on nonaccrual status and loans remaining in accrual status on which the contractual payment of principal and interest has become 90 days past due.

The following table presents the recorded investment in the loan classes based on payment activity as of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 (in thousands):



	Performing		Nonperforming		Total
December 31, 2022
Residential real estate loans	$	298,327	$	486	$	298,813
Construction		32,469		—		32,469
Consumer loans to individuals		199,985		164		200,149
Total	$	530,781	$	650	$	531,431



	Performing		Nonperforming		Total
December 31, 2021
Residential real estate loans	$	272,571	$	469	$	273,040
Construction		21,990		—		21,990
Consumer loans to individuals		146,345		55		146,400
Total	$	440,906	$	524	$	441,430

Management further monitors the performance and credit quality of the loan portfolio by analyzing the age of the portfolio as determined by the length of time a recorded payment is past due. The following table presents the classes of the loan portfolio summarized by the aging categories of performing loans and nonaccrual loans as of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 (in thousands):


	Current		31-60 Days Past Due		61-90 Days Past Due		Greater than 90 Days Past Due and still accruing		Non-Accrual		Total Past Due and Non-Accrual		Purchased Credit Impaired Loans		Total Loans
December 31, 2022
Real Estate loans
Residential	$	297,350	$	187	$	223	$	—	$	486	$	896	$	567	$	298,813
Commercial		648,688		405		—		—		402		807		2,049		651,544
Agricultural		66,751		130		—		—		—		130		2,034		68,915
Construction		32,469		—		—		—		—		—		-		32,469
Commercial loans		185,485		71		—		—		61		132		1,640		187,257
Other agricultural loans		35,277		—		—		—		—		—		—		35,277
Consumer loans		198,893		853		239		—		164		1,256		-		200,149
Total	$	1,464,913	$	1,646	$	462	$	—	$	1,113	$	3,221	$	6,290	$	1,474,424



	Current		31-60 Days Past Due		61-90 Days Past Due		Greater than 90 Days Past Due and still accruing		Non-Accrual		Total Past Due and Non-Accrual		Purchased Credit Impaired Loans		Total Loans
December 31, 2021
Real Estate loans
Residential	$	271,622	$	155	$	10	$	—	$	469	$	634	$	784	$	273,040
Commercial		625,336		—		—		—		103		103		3,285		628,724
Agricultural		59,982		25		—		—		—		25		1,918		61,925
Construction		21,990		—		—		—		—		—		-		21,990
Commercial loans		185,801		3		13		91		16		32		198		186,031
Other agricultural loans		35,811		—		—		—		—		—		2,119		37,930
Consumer loans		145,986		248		111		—		55		414		-		146,400
Total	$	1,346,528	$	431	$	134	$	91	$	643	$	1,208	$	8,304	$	1,356,040

The following table presents the allowance for loan losses by the classes of the loan portfolio:



(In thousands)	Residential Real Estate		Commercial Real Estate		Agricultural		Construction		Commercial		Other Agricultural		Consumer		Total
Beginning balance, December 31, 2021	$	2,175	$	10,878	$	—	$	133	$	1,490	$	—	$	1,766	$	16,442
Charge Offs		(172)		(20)		—		—		(16)		—		(457)		(665)
Recoveries		130		82		—		—		46		—		64		322
Provision for loan losses		700		(2,647)		259		276		925		124		1,263		900
Ending balance, December 31, 2022	$	2,833	$	8,293	$	259	$	409	$	2,445	$	124	$	2,636	$	16,999
Ending balance individually evaluated ‎for impairment	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	50	$	—	$	—	$	50
Ending balance collectively evaluated ‎for impairment	$	2,833	$	8,293	$	259	$	409	$	2,395	$	124	$	2,636	$	16,949



(In thousands)	Residential Real Estate		Commercial Real Estate		Construction		Commercial		Consumer		Total
Beginning balance, December 31, 2020	$	1,960	$	8,004	$	150	$	1,360	$	1,676	$	13,150
Charge Offs		(17)		(452)		—		(200)		(480)		(1,149)
Recoveries		74		19		—		49		99		241
Provision for loan losses		158		3,307		(17)		281		471		4,200
Ending balance, December 31, 2021	$	2,175	$	10,878	$	133	$	1,490	$	1,766	$	16,442
Ending balance individually evaluated ‎for impairment	$	—	$	272	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	272
Ending balance collectively evaluated for impairment	$	2,175	$	10,606	$	133	$	1,490	$	1,766	$	16,170

During the period ended December 31, 2022, the allowance for loan losses increased from $16,442,000 to $16,999,000. This $557,000 increase in the required allowance was due primarily to a $2.4 million increase in the qualitative factor related to loan growth and a $445,000 increase in the qualitative factor related to large balance loans, which was partially offset by a $2.3 million decrease in the qualitative factor related to COVID-19.

During the period ended December 31, 2021, the allowance for loan losses increased from $13,150,000 to $16,442,000. This $3,292,000 increase in the required allowance was due primarily to a $1.5 million increase in the qualitative factor related to loan growth and a $1.4 million increase due to an increase in the qualitative factor related to large balance loans.

Interest income that would have been recorded on loans accounted for on a non-accrual basis under the original terms of the loans was $182,000 and $35,000 for 2022 and 2021, respectively.

As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company considered its concentration of credit risk to be acceptable. As of December 31, 2022, the highest concentrations are in commercial rentals and the residential rentals category, with loans outstanding of $141.9 million, or 9.6% of loans outstanding, to commercial rentals, and $113.0 million, or 7.7% of loans outstanding, to residential rentals. There were no charge-offs on loans within these concentrations for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

During 2022, the Company sold residential mortgage loans totaling $845,000. During 2021, the Company sold residential mortgage loans totaling $8,616,000. Gross realized gains and gross realized losses on sales of residential mortgage loans were $3,000 and $0, respectively, in 2022 and $177,000 and $0, respectively, in 2021. The proceeds from the sales of residential mortgage loans totaled $848,000 and $8,793,000 for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the outstanding value of loans serviced for others totaled $60.0 million and $65.4 million, respectively.