<SEC-DOCUMENT>0001839882-23-012008.txt : 20230504
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<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20230504123645
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0001839882-23-012008
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	8-K
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		13
CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT:	20230501
ITEM INFORMATION:		Entry into a Material Definitive Agreement
ITEM INFORMATION:		Creation of a Direct Financial Obligation or an Obligation under an Off-Balance Sheet Arrangement of a Registrant
ITEM INFORMATION:		Financial Statements and Exhibits
FILED AS OF DATE:		20230504
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20230504

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			NANOPHASE TECHNOLOGIES Corp
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0000883107
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	PERFUMES, COSMETICS & OTHER TOILET PREPARATIONS [2844]
		IRS NUMBER:				363687863
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			DE
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1231

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		8-K
		SEC ACT:		1934 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	000-22333
		FILM NUMBER:		23887504

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		1319 MARQUETTE DRIVE
		CITY:			ROMEOVILLE
		STATE:			IL
		ZIP:			60446
		BUSINESS PHONE:		6303231200

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		1319 MARQUETTE DRIVE
		CITY:			ROMEOVILLE
		STATE:			IL
		ZIP:			60446

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	NANOPHASE TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	19970305
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">UNITED STATES</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">(Former name or former address, if changed since last
report)</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">Check the appropriate box below
if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions
(<i>see </i>General Instruction A.2. below):</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Wingdings"><span id="xdx_90F_edei--WrittenCommunications_c20230501__20230501_zzkwPHX7rLOf"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-05-01to2023-05-01" format="ixt:booleanfalse" name="dei:WrittenCommunications">o</ix:nonNumeric></span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Written
communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Wingdings"><span id="xdx_905_edei--SolicitingMaterial_c20230501__20230501_zWfHhkZRVvO6"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-05-01to2023-05-01" format="ixt:booleanfalse" name="dei:SolicitingMaterial">o</ix:nonNumeric></span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Soliciting
material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Wingdings"><span id="xdx_908_edei--PreCommencementTenderOffer_c20230501__20230501_zLBLefveQNwb"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-05-01to2023-05-01" format="ixt:booleanfalse" name="dei:PreCommencementTenderOffer">o</ix:nonNumeric></span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Pre-commencement
communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 0.25in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Wingdings"><span id="xdx_908_edei--PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_c20230501__20230501_z7LXXHi0gtNd"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-05-01to2023-05-01" format="ixt:booleanfalse" name="dei:PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer">o</ix:nonNumeric></span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Pre-commencement
communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 5pt 0; text-align: justify">Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b)
of the Act: None.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 10pt 0 5pt">Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth
company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 5pt 0 5pt 5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Emerging
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<p style="font: 10pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">If an emerging
growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any
new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. </span><span style="font-family: Segoe UI Symbol,sans-serif">&#9744;</span></p>

<p style="font: 11pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt">&#160;</p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt 84.95pt; text-indent: -84.95pt"><b>Item 1.01&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Entry
into a Material Definitive Agreement.</b></p>

<p style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
May 1, 2023, to advance funds used for work on its Bolingbrook facility which are expected to be reimbursed by its landlord, Nanophase
Technologies Corporation (the &#8220;Company&#8221;) entered into another promissory note (the &#8220;Note&#8221;) in favor of Beachcorp,
LLC in the amount of $1,750,000 with an interest rate of the prime rate plus 0.75%. The note matures on September 30, 2023, provided,
however, the Company will prepay the Note to the extent of any reimbursements received from its landlord</span><span style="font-size: 10pt">.
</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Note is secured by all the unencumbered assets of
the Company. Beachcorp, LLC is an affiliate of Mr. Bradford T. Whitmore, who beneficially owns a majority of the Company&#8217;s common
stock and is the brother of Ms. R. Janet Whitmore, a director of the Company and the chair of the Company&#8217;s board of directors.
</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt">This Item 1.01 is qualified in its entirety by reference to the
complete text of the the Note, which is filed as an exhibit to this current report on Form 8-K.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt 84.95pt; text-indent: -84.95pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Item
2.03 &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Creation of a Direct Financial Obligation</b></span><b>.</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt">Item 1.01 of this current report on Form 8-K is incorporated into this Item 2.03.&#9;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt"><b>Item 9.01&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Financial Statements and Exhibits.</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt">(d)&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Exhibits.</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
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    <td style="width: 9%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Exhibit</span></span></td>
    <td style="width: 91%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="text-decoration: underline">Description</span></span></td></tr>
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    <td style="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; padding-left: 5.4pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="ex10-1.htm">10.1</a></span></td>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt 1in; text-indent: -1in">&#160;</p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 10pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: center"><b>SIGNATURES</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-indent: 1in">Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">Dated: May 4, 2023</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

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<TYPE>EX-10.1
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<TEXT>
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<BODY STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><A HREF="nanx-8k_050423.htm">Nanophase Technologies Corporation 8-K</A></P>

<P STYLE="text-align: right; margin: 0"><B>Exhibit 10.1</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>PROMISSORY NOTE</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><B>(Non-Revolving Note - TI)</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B>Principal Amount: $1,750,000.00&#9;Date of Note:
May 1, 2023</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">PROMISE TO PAY. NANOPHASE TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION,
a Delaware corporation (&ldquo;Borrower&rdquo;), hereby promises to pay to BEACHCORP, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (&ldquo;Lender&rdquo;),
or order, in lawful money of the United States of America, the principal amount of ONE MILLION SEVEN HUNDRED AND FIFTY THOUSAND AND 00/100
DOLLARS ($1,750,000.00) (or so much thereof as may be outstanding) together with interest on the unpaid principal balance from the date
hereof, until paid in full.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B>LOAN. This Note evidences a non-revolving line
of credit</B>. Borrower may not reborrow any amounts repaid hereunder. Borrower shall be permitted to draw up to $1,750,000.00 to reimburse
itself for the Work (defined below) which has been completed and paid for in full as evidenced by documentation acceptable to Lender.
The term &ldquo;Work&rdquo; shall mean the clean room and other tenant improvement work at 400 Crossroads Parkway, Bolingbrook, Illinois,
which constitutes reimbursable tenant improvements under the Industrial Building Lease for the Property dated December 1, 2021 (as amended
from time to time, the &ldquo;Lease&rdquo;) between Borrower and FR JH 10, LLC (&ldquo;Landlord&rdquo;). <B>THE LOANS MADE PURSUANT TO
THIS NOTE ARE FOR A BUSINESS PURPOSE ONLY.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B>PAYMENT. Unless demand shall be sooner made following
an Event of Default, </B>Borrower shall pay all amounts due hereunder on or before September 30, 2023 (the &ldquo;Maturity Date&rdquo;);
provided, however, that upon Borrower&rsquo;s receipt of reimbursements for the Work from the Landlord pursuant to the Lease, all of said
reimbursements shall be paid over to Lender as a prepayment hereunder, with such payments being applied to interest and principal in such
order as Lender may elect.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B>INTEREST.</B> Interest shall accrue on this Note
at a floating rate equal to the Prime Rate (as announced in The Wall Street Journal plus 0.75% per annum; provided, however, that during
the continuance of an Event of Default hereunder, interest shall accrue at the rate then in effect hereunder plus three percent (3.0%)
per annum until such Event of Default is cured (the &ldquo;Default Rate&rdquo;). Interest on this Note is computed on the basis of a 360-day
year and the actual number of days elapsed. Borrower will pay Lender at Lender's address shown below or at such other place as Lender
may designate in writing. Interest shall accrue from and including the date of Loan to but excluding the date of any prepayment or repayment
thereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B>EVENTS OF DEFAULT.</B> Borrower will be in default
(an &ldquo;Event of Default&rdquo;) if any of the following happens: (a) Borrower fails to make any payment when due. (b) Borrower breaks
any promise Borrower has made to Lender, or Borrower fails to perform promptly at the time and strictly in the manner provided in this
Note or any agreement related to this Note, or in any other agreement or loan Borrower has with Lender. (c) Borrower defaults under any
loan, extension of credit, security agreement, purchase or sales agreement, or any other agreement, in favor of any other creditor or
person that may materially affect any of Borrower's property or Borrower's ability to repay this Note or perform Borrower's obligations
under this Note or any document, instrument or agreement related hereto (the &ldquo;Related Documents&rdquo;). (d) Any representation
or statement made or furnished to Lender by Borrower or on Borrower's behalf is false or misleading in any material respect. (e) Borrower
becomes insolvent, a receiver is appointed for any part of Borrower's property, Borrower makes an assignment for the benefit of creditors,
or any proceeding is commenced either by Borrower or against Borrower under any bankruptcy or insolvency laws. (f) Any creditor tries
to take any of Borrower's property on or in which Lender has a lien or security interest. This includes a garnishment of any of Borrower's
accounts, including deposit accounts, with Lender. (g) Any of the events described in this default section occurs with respect to any
guarantor of this Note. (h) A material adverse change occurs in the business or financial condition of Borrower.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B>LENDER'S RIGHTS</B>. Upon the occurrence of an
Event of Default, Lender may declare the entire unpaid principal balance on this Note and all accrued unpaid interest immediately due,
without notice, and then Borrower will pay that amount, together with any Prepayment Fee which Borrower would be required to pay. Lender
may hire or pay someone else to help collect this Note if Borrower does not pay. Borrower also will pay Lender that amount. This includes,
subject to any limits under applicable law, Lender's attorneys' fees and legal expenses whether or not there is a lawsuit, including attorneys'
fees and legal expenses for bankruptcy proceedings (including efforts to modify or vacate any automatic stay or injunction), appeals,
and any anticipated post-judgment collection services. Borrower also will pay any court costs, in addition to all other sums provided
by law. <B>This Note has been delivered to Lender and accepted by Lender in the State of Illinois. If there is a lawsuit, Borrower agrees
upon Lender's request to submit to the jurisdiction and venue of the courts having situs in Cook or Will County, the State of Illinois.
LENDER AND BORROWER HEREBY WAIVE THE RIGHT TO ANY JURY TRIAL IN ANY ACTION, PROCEEDING, OR COUNTERCLAIM BROUGHT BY EITHER LENDER OR BORROWER
AGAINST THE OTHER. This Note shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Illinois.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B>COLLATERAL; SECURITY AGREEMENT</B>. This Note is
secured by the Commercial Security Agreement dated as of November 16, 2018 (as amended from time to time, the &ldquo;Security Agreement&rdquo;)
among Borrower, Lender and Sol&eacute;sence LLC and the Collateral (as defined in the Security Agreement).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B>SAVINGS CLAUSE</B>. In no event shall the amount
of interest or charges paid hereunder, together will all amounts reserved, charged, or taken by Lender as compensation for fees, services,
or expenses incidental to making, negotiation, or collection of the loan evidenced hereby exceed the maximum rate of interest on the unpaid
principal balance hereof, charges or compensation for fees, services, or expenses allowable by applicable law. If any sum is collected
in excess of the applicable maximum rate or amount, the excess collected shall be applied to reduce the principal debt.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B>INDEMNITY</B>. If the introduction of, or any change
in, or in the interpretation of, or any change in its application to the Borrower of, any law or regulation, or compliance with any guideline
from any governmental authority (whether or not having the force of law) has the effect of increasing the cost to the Lender of performing
its obligations hereunder or otherwise reducing its effective return hereunder, then upon demand from time to time the Borrower shall
compensate the Lender for such cost or reduction pursuant to a certificate reasonably prepared by the Lender.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B>GENERAL PROVISIONS</B>. Lender may delay or forgo
enforcing any of its rights or remedies under this Note without losing them. Borrower and any other Person who signs, guarantees or endorses
this Note, to the extent allowed by law, waive presentment, demand for payment, protest and notice of dishonor. Upon any change in the
terms of this Note, and unless otherwise expressly stated in writing, no party who signs this Note, whether as maker, guarantor, accommodation
maker or endorser, shall be released from liability. All such parties agree that Lender may renew, extend (repeatedly and for any length
of time) or modify this Loan, or release any party or guarantor or Collateral; or impair, fail to realize upon or perfect Lender's security
interest in the Collateral; and take any other action deemed necessary by Lender without the consent of or notice to anyone.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;<B>LENDER'S DISCRETION.</B> Whenever this Note
requires either Lender's consent, election, approval or similar action or otherwise vests in Lender the authority to make decisions and/or
determinations, such actions shall be made or withheld in Lender's sole and absolute discretion, unless specifically provided otherwise
and the granting of any consent, election, approval or similar action by Lender in any instance shall not constitute continuing consent,
election, approval or similar action in subsequent instances where such is required.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B>ILLINOIS INSURANCE NOTICE</B>. Unless Borrower
provides Lender with evidence of the insurance coverage required by the Security Agreements, Lender may purchase insurance at Borrower's
expense to protect Lender's interests in the Collateral. This insurance may, but need not, protect Borrower's interests. The coverage
that Lender purchases may not pay any claim that Borrower makes or any claim that is made against Borrower in connection with the Collateral.
Borrower may later cancel any insurance purchased by Lender, but only after providing Lender with evidence that Borrower has obtained
insurance as required by their agreement. If Lender purchases insurance for the Collateral, Borrower will be responsible for the costs
of that insurance, including interest and any other charges Lender may impose in connection with the placement of the insurance, until
the effective date of the cancellation or expiration of the insurance. The costs of the insurance may be added to Borrower's total outstanding
balance or obligation. The costs of the insurance may be more than the cost of insurance Borrower may be able to obtain on Borrower's
own.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B>PRIOR TO SIGNING THIS NOTE, BORROWER READ AND UNDERSTOOD
ALL THE PROVISIONS OF THIS NOTE. BORROWER AGREES TO THE TERMS OF THE PROMISSORY NOTE AND ACKNOWLEDGES RECEIPT OF A COMPLETED COPY OF THE
PROMISSORY NOTE.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B>BORROWER:</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B>NANOPHASE TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
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    <TD STYLE="width: 8%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; layout-grid-mode: line; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">By:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 92%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; layout-grid-mode: line; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><U>/s/ Jess Jankowski</U>______________________</FONT></TD></TR>
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    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; layout-grid-mode: line; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Name:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; layout-grid-mode: line; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Jess Jankowski</FONT></TD></TR>
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    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; layout-grid-mode: line; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Address: &nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; layout-grid-mode: line; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">1319 Marquette Drive, Romeoville, IL 60446 </FONT></TD></TR>
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<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

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</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.PRE
<SEQUENCE>5
<FILENAME>nanx-20230501_pre.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL PRESENTATION FILE
<TEXT>
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<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.23.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140697905310928">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Cover<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>May 01, 2023</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CoverAbstract', window );"><strong>Cover [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentType', window );">Document Type</a></td>
<td class="text">8-K<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_AmendmentFlag', window );">Amendment Flag</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate', window );">Document Period End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">May  01,  2023<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityFileNumber', window );">Entity File Number</a></td>
<td class="text">0-22333<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName', window );">Entity Registrant Name</a></td>
<td class="text">NANOPHASE TECHNOLOGIES
CORPORATION<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey', window );">Entity Central Index Key</a></td>
<td class="text">0000883107<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber', window );">Entity Tax Identification Number</a></td>
<td class="text">36-3687863<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode', window );">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</a></td>
<td class="text">DE<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1', window );">Entity Address, Address Line One</a></td>
<td class="text">1319 Marquette Drive<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown', window );">Entity Address, City or Town</a></td>
<td class="text">Romeoville<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince', window );">Entity Address, State or Province</a></td>
<td class="text">IL<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode', window );">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</a></td>
<td class="text">60446<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CityAreaCode', window );">City Area Code</a></td>
<td class="text">(630)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber', window );">Local Phone Number</a></td>
<td class="text">771-6700<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_WrittenCommunications', window );">Written Communications</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial', window );">Soliciting Material</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany', window );">Entity Emerging Growth Company</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityInformationFormerLegalOrRegisteredName', window );">Entity Information, Former Legal or Registered Name</a></td>
<td class="text">Not applicable<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_AmendmentFlag">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the XBRL content amends previously-filed or accepted submission.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_AmendmentFlag</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CityAreaCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Area code of city</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CityAreaCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CoverAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Cover page.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CoverAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>For the EDGAR submission types of Form 8-K: the date of the report, the date of the earliest event reported; for the EDGAR submission types of Form N-1A: the filing date; for all other submission types: the end of the reporting or transition period.  The format of the date is YYYY-MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentType">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The type of document being provided (such as 10-K, 10-Q, 485BPOS, etc). The document type is limited to the same value as the supporting SEC submission type, or the word 'Other'.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:submissionTypeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Address Line 1 such as Attn, Building Name, Street Name</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the City or Town</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Code for the postal or zip code</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the state or province.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:stateOrProvinceItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCentralIndexKey</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:centralIndexKeyItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate if registrant meets the emerging growth company criteria.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityFileNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Commission file number. The field allows up to 17 characters. The prefix may contain 1-3 digits, the sequence number may contain 1-8 digits, the optional suffix may contain 1-4 characters, and the fields are separated with a hyphen.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityFileNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:fileNumberItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Two-character EDGAR code representing the state or country of incorporation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarStateCountryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityInformationFormerLegalOrRegisteredName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Former Legal or Registered Name of an entity</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityInformationFormerLegalOrRegisteredName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityRegistrantName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The Tax Identification Number (TIN), also known as an Employer Identification Number (EIN), is a unique 9-digit value assigned by the IRS.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Local phone number for entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 13e<br> -Subsection 4c<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 14d<br> -Subsection 2b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Section 14a<br> -Number 240<br> -Subsection 12<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Securities Act<br> -Number 230<br> -Section 425<br></p></div>
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end
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
</SEC-DOCUMENT>
