<?xml version="1.0" encoding="US-ASCII" standalone="no"?>
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: Generator; Value: GoFiler Complete; Version: 6.0b -->
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: VendorURI; Value: https://www.novaworks.com -->
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: Status; Value: 0x00000000 -->
<link:linkbase xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:xbrli="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd">
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://nanophase.com/role/Cover" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#Cover" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://nanophase.com/role/ConsolidatedBalanceSheets" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#ConsolidatedBalanceSheets" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://nanophase.com/role/ConsolidatedBalanceSheetsParenthetical" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#ConsolidatedBalanceSheetsParenthetical" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://nanophase.com/role/ConsolidatedStatementsOfOperations" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#ConsolidatedStatementsOfOperations" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://nanophase.com/role/ConsolidatedStatementsOfStockholdersEquity" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#ConsolidatedStatementsOfStockholdersEquity" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://nanophase.com/role/ConsolidatedStatementsOfCashFlows" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#ConsolidatedStatementsOfCashFlows" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://xbrl.sec.gov/cyd/role/CybersecurityRiskManagementAndStrategyDisclosure" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/cyd/2024/cyd-2024.xsd#CybersecurityRiskManagementAndStrategyDisclosure" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://xbrl.sec.gov/cyd/role/MaterialCybersecurityIncidentDisclosure" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/cyd/2024/cyd-2024.xsd#MaterialCybersecurityIncidentDisclosure" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://nanophase.com/role/RiskAssessmentAndStrategy" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#RiskAssessmentAndStrategy" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://nanophase.com/role/ManagementOversight" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#ManagementOversight" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://nanophase.com/role/DescriptionOfBusiness" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#DescriptionOfBusiness" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://nanophase.com/role/SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPolicies" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPolicies" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://nanophase.com/role/RelatedPartyNotesAndLinesOfCredit" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#RelatedPartyNotesAndLinesOfCredit" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://nanophase.com/role/InventoriesNet" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#InventoriesNet" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://nanophase.com/role/EquipmentAndLeaseholdImprovements" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#EquipmentAndLeaseholdImprovements" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://nanophase.com/role/LeaseCommitments" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#LeaseCommitments" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://nanophase.com/role/AccruedExpenses" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#AccruedExpenses" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://nanophase.com/role/IncomeTaxes" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#IncomeTaxes" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://nanophase.com/role/CapitalStock" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#CapitalStock" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://nanophase.com/role/StockOptionsAndStockGrants" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#StockOptionsAndStockGrants" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://nanophase.com/role/KProfit-sharingPlan" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#KProfit-sharingPlan" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://nanophase.com/role/SignificantCustomers" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#SignificantCustomers" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://nanophase.com/role/BusinessSegmentationAndGeographicalDistribution" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#BusinessSegmentationAndGeographicalDistribution" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://nanophase.com/role/SubsequentEvent" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#SubsequentEvent" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://nanophase.com/role/SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesPolicies" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesPolicies" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://nanophase.com/role/SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesTables" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesTables" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://nanophase.com/role/RelatedPartyNotesAndLinesOfCreditTables" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#RelatedPartyNotesAndLinesOfCreditTables" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://nanophase.com/role/InventoriesNetTables" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#InventoriesNetTables" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://nanophase.com/role/EquipmentAndLeaseholdImprovementsTables" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#EquipmentAndLeaseholdImprovementsTables" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://nanophase.com/role/LeaseCommitmentsTables" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#LeaseCommitmentsTables" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://nanophase.com/role/AccruedExpensesTables" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#AccruedExpensesTables" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://nanophase.com/role/IncomeTaxesTables" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#IncomeTaxesTables" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://nanophase.com/role/StockOptionsAndStockGrantsTables" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#StockOptionsAndStockGrantsTables" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://nanophase.com/role/SignificantCustomersTables" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#SignificantCustomersTables" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://nanophase.com/role/BusinessSegmentationAndGeographicalDistributionTables" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#BusinessSegmentationAndGeographicalDistributionTables" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://nanophase.com/role/WeDetermineAllowanceForCreditLossesByIdentifyingTroubledAccountsAndByUsingHistoricalExperienceAppliedToAgingOfAccountsAsWellAsExpectedLossesBasedOnCurrentAndAnticipatedMacroeconomicEnvironment.Details" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#WeDetermineAllowanceForCreditLossesByIdentifyingTroubledAccountsAndByUsingHistoricalExperienceAppliedToAgingOfAccountsAsWellAsExpectedLossesBasedOnCurrentAndAnticipatedMacroeconomicEnvironment.Details" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://nanophase.com/role/ContractBalancesForYearsEndedDecember3120242023And2022AreAsFollowsDetails" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#ContractBalancesForYearsEndedDecember3120242023And2022AreAsFollowsDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://nanophase.com/role/EarningsApplicableToCommonStockAndCommonStockSharesUsedInCalculationOfBasicAndDilutedEarningsPerShareAreAsFollowsDetails" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#EarningsApplicableToCommonStockAndCommonStockSharesUsedInCalculationOfBasicAndDilutedEarningsPerShareAreAsFollowsDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://nanophase.com/role/SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesDetailsNarrative" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesDetailsNarrative" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://nanophase.com/role/NotesAndLinesOfCreditConsistOfFollowingDetails" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#NotesAndLinesOfCreditConsistOfFollowingDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://nanophase.com/role/RelatedPartyInterestExpenseConsistsOfFollowingDetails" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#RelatedPartyInterestExpenseConsistsOfFollowingDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://nanophase.com/role/InventoriesConsistOfFollowingDetails" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#InventoriesConsistOfFollowingDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://nanophase.com/role/EquipmentAndLeaseholdImprovementsConsistOfFollowingDetails" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#EquipmentAndLeaseholdImprovementsConsistOfFollowingDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://nanophase.com/role/EquipmentAndLeaseholdImprovementsDetailsNarrative" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#EquipmentAndLeaseholdImprovementsDetailsNarrative" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://nanophase.com/role/QuantitativeInformationRegardingCompanysLeasesIsAsFollowsDetails" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#QuantitativeInformationRegardingCompanysLeasesIsAsFollowsDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://nanophase.com/role/SupplementalCashFlowInformationRelatedToLeasesIsAsFollowsForYearsEndedDecember312024And2023Details" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#SupplementalCashFlowInformationRelatedToLeasesIsAsFollowsForYearsEndedDecember312024And2023Details" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://nanophase.com/role/FutureMaturitiesOfCompanysOperatingLeasesAsOfDecember312024AreAsFollowsDetails" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#FutureMaturitiesOfCompanysOperatingLeasesAsOfDecember312024AreAsFollowsDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://nanophase.com/role/LeaseCommitmentsDetailsNarrative" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#LeaseCommitmentsDetailsNarrative" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://nanophase.com/role/AccruedExpensesConsistOfFollowingDetails" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#AccruedExpensesConsistOfFollowingDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://nanophase.com/role/ReconciliationOfIncomeTaxBenefitToAmountComputedByApplyingFederalIncomeTaxRateToLossBeforeProvisionForIncomeTaxesAsOfDecember312024And2023IsAsFollowsDetails" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#ReconciliationOfIncomeTaxBenefitToAmountComputedByApplyingFederalIncomeTaxRateToLossBeforeProvisionForIncomeTaxesAsOfDecember312024And2023IsAsFollowsDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://nanophase.com/role/DeferredIncomeTaxesReflectNetTaxEffectsOfTemporaryDifferencesBetweenCarryingAmountsOfAssetsAndLiabilitiesForFinancialReportingPurposesAndAmountsUsedForIncomeTaxPurposes.SignificantComponentsOfOurDeferredIncomeDetails" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#DeferredIncomeTaxesReflectNetTaxEffectsOfTemporaryDifferencesBetweenCarryingAmountsOfAssetsAndLiabilitiesForFinancialReportingPurposesAndAmountsUsedForIncomeTaxPurposes.SignificantComponentsOfOurDeferredIncomeDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://nanophase.com/role/IncomeTaxesDetailsNarrative" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#IncomeTaxesDetailsNarrative" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://nanophase.com/role/CapitalStockDetailsNarrative" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#CapitalStockDetailsNarrative" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://nanophase.com/role/WeFollowAscTopic718Share-basedPaymentsInWhichCompensationExpenseIsRecognizedOnlyForShare-basedPaymentsExpectedToVest.Details" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#WeFollowAscTopic718Share-basedPaymentsInWhichCompensationExpenseIsRecognizedOnlyForShare-basedPaymentsExpectedToVest.Details" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://nanophase.com/role/FollowingTableIllustratesVariousAssumptionsUsedToCalculateBlack-scholesOptionPricingModelForOptionsGrantedForAllYearsPresentedDetails" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#FollowingTableIllustratesVariousAssumptionsUsedToCalculateBlack-scholesOptionPricingModelForOptionsGrantedForAllYearsPresentedDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://nanophase.com/role/AdditionalDisclosuresForOptionsGrantedForAllYearsPresentedDetails" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#AdditionalDisclosuresForOptionsGrantedForAllYearsPresentedDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://nanophase.com/role/FollowingTableSummarizesOptionActivityForOurEmployeesAndDirectorsDuringYearEndedDecember312024Details" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#FollowingTableSummarizesOptionActivityForOurEmployeesAndDirectorsDuringYearEndedDecember312024Details" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://nanophase.com/role/AggregateIntrinsicValueInTableAboveIsBasedOnOurClosingStockPriceOf2.26Details" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#AggregateIntrinsicValueInTableAboveIsBasedOnOurClosingStockPriceOf2.26Details" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://nanophase.com/role/StockOptionsAndStockGrantsDetailsNarrative" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#StockOptionsAndStockGrantsDetailsNarrative" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://nanophase.com/role/KProfit-sharingPlanDetailsNarrative" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#KProfit-sharingPlanDetailsNarrative" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://nanophase.com/role/RevenuesFromTheseThreeCustomersAsPercentageOfTotalCompanyRevenueWasApproximatelyDetails" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#RevenuesFromTheseThreeCustomersAsPercentageOfTotalCompanyRevenueWasApproximatelyDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://nanophase.com/role/AccountsReceivableBalancesForTheseThreeCustomersAsPercentageOfTotalCompanyAccountsReceivableWasApproximatelyDetails" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#AccountsReceivableBalancesForTheseThreeCustomersAsPercentageOfTotalCompanyAccountsReceivableWasApproximatelyDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://nanophase.com/role/SignificantCustomersDetailsNarrative" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#SignificantCustomersDetailsNarrative" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://nanophase.com/role/ChiefOperatingDecisionMakerUsesGrossProfitAndNetIncomeToEvaluateCompanyPerformanceAndInWhatWayToAllocateResources.SignificantSegmentExpensesWhichAreSameAsEntityAsWholeAreAsFollowsDetails" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#ChiefOperatingDecisionMakerUsesGrossProfitAndNetIncomeToEvaluateCompanyPerformanceAndInWhatWayToAllocateResources.SignificantSegmentExpensesWhichAreSameAsEntityAsWholeAreAsFollowsDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://nanophase.com/role/RevenuesFor2024And2023ByCategoryAreAsFollowsDetails" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#RevenuesFor2024And2023ByCategoryAreAsFollowsDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://nanophase.com/role/BusinessSegmentationAndGeographicalDistributionDetailsNarrative" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#BusinessSegmentationAndGeographicalDistributionDetailsNarrative" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://nanophase.com/role/SubsequentEventDetailsNarrative" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#SubsequentEventDetailsNarrative" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://nanophase.com/role/Cover" xlink:title="00000001 - Document - Cover" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://nanophase.com/role/ConsolidatedBalanceSheets" xlink:title="00000002 - Statement - CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAccountsReceivableNetCurrent" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccountsReceivableGrossCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAccountsReceivableGrossCurrent" />
      <link:calculationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAccountsReceivableNetCurrent" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAccountsReceivableGrossCurrent" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent" />
      <link:calculationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAccountsReceivableNetCurrent" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent" xlink:type="arc" weight="-1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AssetsCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAssetsCurrent" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" />
      <link:calculationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAssetsCurrent" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:calculationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAssetsCurrent" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAccountsReceivableNetCurrent" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_InventoryNet" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapInventoryNet" />
      <link:calculationArc order="3" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAssetsCurrent" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapInventoryNet" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapPrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent" />
      <link:calculationArc order="4" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAssetsCurrent" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapPrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_Assets" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAssets" />
      <link:calculationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAssets" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAssetsCurrent" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapPropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" />
      <link:calculationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAssets" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapPropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset" />
      <link:calculationArc order="3" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAssets" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOtherAssetsNoncurrent" />
      <link:calculationArc order="4" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAssets" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOtherAssetsNoncurrent" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesCurrent" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LinesOfCreditCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLinesOfCreditCurrent" />
      <link:calculationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLinesOfCreditCurrent" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#nanx_LinesOfCreditInventoryCurrent" xlink:label="loc_nanxLinesOfCreditInventoryCurrent" />
      <link:calculationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:to="loc_nanxLinesOfCreditInventoryCurrent" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LoansPayableCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLoansPayableCurrent" />
      <link:calculationArc order="3" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLoansPayableCurrent" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherLongTermDebtCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOtherLongTermDebtCurrent" />
      <link:calculationArc order="4" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOtherLongTermDebtCurrent" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent" />
      <link:calculationArc order="5" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAccountsPayableCurrent" />
      <link:calculationArc order="6" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAccountsPayableCurrent" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredRevenueCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapDeferredRevenueCurrent" />
      <link:calculationArc order="7" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapDeferredRevenueCurrent" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" />
      <link:calculationArc order="8" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesNoncurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesNoncurrent" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" />
      <link:calculationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesNoncurrent" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LongTermLineOfCredit" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLongTermLineOfCredit" />
      <link:calculationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesNoncurrent" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLongTermLineOfCredit" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherLongTermDebtNoncurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOtherLongTermDebtNoncurrent" />
      <link:calculationArc order="3" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesNoncurrent" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOtherLongTermDebtNoncurrent" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AssetRetirementObligationsNoncurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAssetRetirementObligationsNoncurrent" />
      <link:calculationArc order="4" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesNoncurrent" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAssetRetirementObligationsNoncurrent" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StockholdersEquity" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStockholdersEquity" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PreferredStockValue" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapPreferredStockValue" />
      <link:calculationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStockholdersEquity" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapPreferredStockValue" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockValue" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCommonStockValue" />
      <link:calculationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStockholdersEquity" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCommonStockValue" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAdditionalPaidInCapital" />
      <link:calculationArc order="3" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStockholdersEquity" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAdditionalPaidInCapital" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" />
      <link:calculationArc order="4" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStockholdersEquity" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapRetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" />
      <link:calculationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:calculationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesNoncurrent" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:calculationArc order="3" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStockholdersEquity" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
    </link:calculationLink>
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://nanophase.com/role/ConsolidatedBalanceSheetsParenthetical" xlink:title="00000003 - Statement - CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Parenthetical)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://nanophase.com/role/ConsolidatedStatementsOfOperations" xlink:title="00000004 - Statement - CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_GrossProfit" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapGrossProfit" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax" />
      <link:calculationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapGrossProfit" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapRevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCostOfGoodsAndServicesSold" />
      <link:calculationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapGrossProfit" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCostOfGoodsAndServicesSold" xlink:type="arc" weight="-1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOperatingIncomeLoss" />
      <link:calculationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapOperatingIncomeLoss" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapGrossProfit" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapResearchAndDevelopmentExpense" />
      <link:calculationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapOperatingIncomeLoss" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapResearchAndDevelopmentExpense" xlink:type="arc" weight="-1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapSellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" />
      <link:calculationArc order="3" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapOperatingIncomeLoss" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapSellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" xlink:type="arc" weight="-1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapIncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" />
      <link:calculationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapIncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOperatingIncomeLoss" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_InterestExpenseNonoperating" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapInterestExpenseNonoperating" />
      <link:calculationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapIncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapInterestExpenseNonoperating" xlink:type="arc" weight="-1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapNetIncomeLoss" />
      <link:calculationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNetIncomeLoss" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapIncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" />
      <link:calculationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNetIncomeLoss" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:type="arc" weight="-1" />
    </link:calculationLink>
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://nanophase.com/role/ConsolidatedStatementsOfStockholdersEquity" xlink:title="00000005 - Statement - CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS&apos; EQUITY" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://nanophase.com/role/ConsolidatedStatementsOfCashFlows" xlink:title="00000006 - Statement - CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapNetIncomeLoss" />
      <link:calculationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapNetIncomeLoss" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapDepreciationDepletionAndAmortization" />
      <link:calculationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapDepreciationDepletionAndAmortization" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapShareBasedCompensation" />
      <link:calculationArc order="3" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapShareBasedCompensation" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapIncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable" />
      <link:calculationArc order="4" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapIncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable" xlink:type="arc" weight="-1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInInventories" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapIncreaseDecreaseInInventories" />
      <link:calculationArc order="5" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapIncreaseDecreaseInInventories" xlink:type="arc" weight="-1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapIncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets" />
      <link:calculationArc order="6" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapIncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets" xlink:type="arc" weight="-1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayable" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapIncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayable" />
      <link:calculationArc order="7" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapIncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayable" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDeferredRevenue" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapIncreaseDecreaseInDeferredRevenue" />
      <link:calculationArc order="8" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapIncreaseDecreaseInDeferredRevenue" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccruedLiabilities" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapIncreaseDecreaseInAccruedLiabilities" />
      <link:calculationArc order="9" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapIncreaseDecreaseInAccruedLiabilities" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingLeaseLiability" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapIncreaseDecreaseInOperatingLeaseLiability" />
      <link:calculationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapIncreaseDecreaseInOperatingLeaseLiability" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapPaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" />
      <link:calculationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapPaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:type="arc" weight="-1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RepaymentsOfLongTermLinesOfCredit" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRepaymentsOfLongTermLinesOfCredit" />
      <link:calculationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapRepaymentsOfLongTermLinesOfCredit" xlink:type="arc" weight="-1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromRepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapProceedsFromRepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit" />
      <link:calculationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapProceedsFromRepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RepaymentsOfOtherLongTermDebt" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRepaymentsOfOtherLongTermDebt" />
      <link:calculationArc order="3" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapRepaymentsOfOtherLongTermDebt" xlink:type="arc" weight="-1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfOtherLongTermDebt" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapProceedsFromIssuanceOfOtherLongTermDebt" />
      <link:calculationArc order="4" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapProceedsFromIssuanceOfOtherLongTermDebt" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfConvertiblePreferredStock" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapProceedsFromIssuanceOfConvertiblePreferredStock" />
      <link:calculationArc order="5" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapProceedsFromIssuanceOfConvertiblePreferredStock" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised" />
      <link:calculationArc order="6" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect" />
      <link:calculationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:calculationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:calculationArc order="3" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
    </link:calculationLink>
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://xbrl.sec.gov/cyd/role/CybersecurityRiskManagementAndStrategyDisclosure" xlink:title="00000012 - Disclosure - Cybersecurity Risk Management and Strategy Disclosure" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://xbrl.sec.gov/cyd/role/MaterialCybersecurityIncidentDisclosure" xlink:title="00000013 - Disclosure - Material Cybersecurity Incident Disclosure" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://nanophase.com/role/RiskAssessmentAndStrategy" xlink:title="999014 - Disclosure - Risk Assessment and Strategy" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://nanophase.com/role/ManagementOversight" xlink:title="999015 - Disclosure - Management Oversight" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://nanophase.com/role/DescriptionOfBusiness" xlink:title="999016 - Disclosure - Description of Business" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://nanophase.com/role/SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPolicies" xlink:title="999017 - Disclosure - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://nanophase.com/role/RelatedPartyNotesAndLinesOfCredit" xlink:title="999018 - Disclosure - Related Party Notes and Lines of Credit" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://nanophase.com/role/InventoriesNet" xlink:title="999019 - Disclosure - Inventories, net" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://nanophase.com/role/EquipmentAndLeaseholdImprovements" xlink:title="999020 - Disclosure - Equipment and Leasehold Improvements" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://nanophase.com/role/LeaseCommitments" xlink:title="999021 - Disclosure - Lease Commitments" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://nanophase.com/role/AccruedExpenses" xlink:title="999022 - Disclosure - Accrued Expenses" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://nanophase.com/role/IncomeTaxes" xlink:title="999023 - Disclosure - Income Taxes" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://nanophase.com/role/CapitalStock" xlink:title="999024 - Disclosure - Capital Stock" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://nanophase.com/role/StockOptionsAndStockGrants" xlink:title="999025 - Disclosure - Stock Options and Stock Grants" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://nanophase.com/role/KProfit-sharingPlan" xlink:title="999026 - Disclosure - 401(k) Profit-Sharing Plan" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://nanophase.com/role/SignificantCustomers" xlink:title="999027 - Disclosure - Significant Customers" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://nanophase.com/role/BusinessSegmentationAndGeographicalDistribution" xlink:title="999028 - Disclosure - Business Segmentation and Geographical Distribution" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://nanophase.com/role/SubsequentEvent" xlink:title="999029 - Disclosure - Subsequent Event" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://nanophase.com/role/SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesPolicies" xlink:title="999030 - Disclosure - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://nanophase.com/role/SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesTables" xlink:title="999031 - Disclosure - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Tables)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://nanophase.com/role/RelatedPartyNotesAndLinesOfCreditTables" xlink:title="999032 - Disclosure - Related Party Notes and Lines of Credit (Tables)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://nanophase.com/role/InventoriesNetTables" xlink:title="999033 - Disclosure - Inventories, net (Tables)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://nanophase.com/role/EquipmentAndLeaseholdImprovementsTables" xlink:title="999034 - Disclosure - Equipment and Leasehold Improvements (Tables)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://nanophase.com/role/LeaseCommitmentsTables" xlink:title="999035 - Disclosure - Lease Commitments (Tables)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://nanophase.com/role/AccruedExpensesTables" xlink:title="999036 - Disclosure - Accrued Expenses (Tables)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://nanophase.com/role/IncomeTaxesTables" xlink:title="999037 - Disclosure - Income Taxes (Tables)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://nanophase.com/role/StockOptionsAndStockGrantsTables" xlink:title="999038 - Disclosure - Stock Options and Stock Grants (Tables)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://nanophase.com/role/SignificantCustomersTables" xlink:title="999039 - Disclosure - Significant Customers (Tables)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://nanophase.com/role/BusinessSegmentationAndGeographicalDistributionTables" xlink:title="999040 - Disclosure - Business Segmentation and Geographical Distribution (Tables)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://nanophase.com/role/WeDetermineAllowanceForCreditLossesByIdentifyingTroubledAccountsAndByUsingHistoricalExperienceAppliedToAgingOfAccountsAsWellAsExpectedLossesBasedOnCurrentAndAnticipatedMacroeconomicEnvironment.Details" xlink:title="999041 - Disclosure - We determine the allowance for credit losses by identifying troubled accounts and by using historical experience applied to an aging of accounts, as well as expected losses based on the current and anticipated macroeconomic environment. (Details)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://nanophase.com/role/ContractBalancesForYearsEndedDecember3120242023And2022AreAsFollowsDetails" xlink:title="999042 - Disclosure - Contract balances for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022 are as follows: (Details)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://nanophase.com/role/EarningsApplicableToCommonStockAndCommonStockSharesUsedInCalculationOfBasicAndDilutedEarningsPerShareAreAsFollowsDetails" xlink:title="999043 - Disclosure - Earnings applicable to common stock and common stock shares used in the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share are as follows (Details)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapWeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapWeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic" />
      <link:calculationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapWeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapWeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToShareBasedPaymentArrangements" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapIncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToShareBasedPaymentArrangements" />
      <link:calculationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapWeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapIncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToShareBasedPaymentArrangements" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
    </link:calculationLink>
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://nanophase.com/role/SummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesDetailsNarrative" xlink:title="999044 - Disclosure - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Details Narrative)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://nanophase.com/role/NotesAndLinesOfCreditConsistOfFollowingDetails" xlink:title="999045 - Disclosure - Notes and lines of credit consist of the following (Details)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://nanophase.com/role/RelatedPartyInterestExpenseConsistsOfFollowingDetails" xlink:title="999046 - Disclosure - Related party interest expense consists of the following (Details)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://nanophase.com/role/InventoriesConsistOfFollowingDetails" xlink:title="999047 - Disclosure - Inventories consist of the following (Details)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_InventoryNet" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapInventoryNet" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_InventoryRawMaterials" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapInventoryRawMaterials" />
      <link:calculationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapInventoryNet" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapInventoryRawMaterials" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_InventoryFinishedGoods" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapInventoryFinishedGoods" />
      <link:calculationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapInventoryNet" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapInventoryFinishedGoods" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_InventoryValuationReserves" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapInventoryValuationReserves" />
      <link:calculationArc order="3" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapInventoryNet" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapInventoryValuationReserves" xlink:type="arc" weight="-1" />
    </link:calculationLink>
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://nanophase.com/role/EquipmentAndLeaseholdImprovementsConsistOfFollowingDetails" xlink:title="999048 - Disclosure - Equipment and leasehold improvements consist of the following (Details)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapPropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapPropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross" />
      <link:calculationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapPropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapPropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment" />
      <link:calculationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapPropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:type="arc" weight="-1" />
    </link:calculationLink>
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://nanophase.com/role/EquipmentAndLeaseholdImprovementsDetailsNarrative" xlink:title="999049 - Disclosure - Equipment and Leasehold Improvements (Details Narrative)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://nanophase.com/role/QuantitativeInformationRegardingCompanysLeasesIsAsFollowsDetails" xlink:title="999050 - Disclosure - Quantitative information regarding the Company&#8217;s leases is as follows: (Details)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#nanx_LeaseCostsOperating" xlink:label="loc_nanxLeaseCostsOperating" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOperatingLeaseCost" />
      <link:calculationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_nanxLeaseCostsOperating" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOperatingLeaseCost" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_VariableLeaseCost" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapVariableLeaseCost" />
      <link:calculationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_nanxLeaseCostsOperating" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapVariableLeaseCost" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ShortTermLeaseCost" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapShortTermLeaseCost" />
      <link:calculationArc order="3" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_nanxLeaseCostsOperating" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapShortTermLeaseCost" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_SubleaseIncome" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapSubleaseIncome" />
      <link:calculationArc order="4" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_nanxLeaseCostsOperating" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapSubleaseIncome" xlink:type="arc" weight="-1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LeaseCost" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLeaseCost" />
      <link:calculationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLeaseCost" xlink:to="loc_nanxLeaseCostsOperating" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
    </link:calculationLink>
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://nanophase.com/role/SupplementalCashFlowInformationRelatedToLeasesIsAsFollowsForYearsEndedDecember312024And2023Details" xlink:title="999051 - Disclosure - Supplemental cash flow information related to leases is as follows for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023: (Details)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://nanophase.com/role/FutureMaturitiesOfCompanysOperatingLeasesAsOfDecember312024AreAsFollowsDetails" xlink:title="999052 - Disclosure - The future maturities of the Company&#8217;s operating leases as of December 31, 2024 are as follows: (Details)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextTwelveMonths" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextTwelveMonths" />
      <link:calculationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextTwelveMonths" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearTwo" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearTwo" />
      <link:calculationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearTwo" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearThree" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearThree" />
      <link:calculationArc order="3" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearThree" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFour" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFour" />
      <link:calculationArc order="4" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFour" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFive" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFive" />
      <link:calculationArc order="5" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFive" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterYearFive" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterYearFive" />
      <link:calculationArc order="6" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterYearFive" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
    </link:calculationLink>
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://nanophase.com/role/LeaseCommitmentsDetailsNarrative" xlink:title="999053 - Disclosure - Lease Commitments (Details Narrative)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://nanophase.com/role/AccruedExpensesConsistOfFollowingDetails" xlink:title="999054 - Disclosure - Accrued expenses consist of the following: (Details)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapEmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrent" />
      <link:calculationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapEmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#nanx_AccruedAccountsPayable" xlink:label="loc_nanxAccruedAccountsPayable" />
      <link:calculationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:to="loc_nanxAccruedAccountsPayable" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherAccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOtherAccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" />
      <link:calculationArc order="3" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOtherAccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
    </link:calculationLink>
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://nanophase.com/role/ReconciliationOfIncomeTaxBenefitToAmountComputedByApplyingFederalIncomeTaxRateToLossBeforeProvisionForIncomeTaxesAsOfDecember312024And2023IsAsFollowsDetails" xlink:title="999055 - Disclosure - A reconciliation of income tax benefit to the amount computed by applying the Federal income tax rate to loss before provision for income taxes as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 is as follows: (Details)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitAtFederalStatutoryIncomeTaxRate" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapIncomeTaxReconciliationIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitAtFederalStatutoryIncomeTaxRate" />
      <link:calculationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapIncomeTaxReconciliationIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitAtFederalStatutoryIncomeTaxRate" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#nanx_OverunderAccrualOfIncomeTaxes" xlink:label="loc_nanxOverunderAccrualOfIncomeTaxes" />
      <link:calculationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:to="loc_nanxOverunderAccrualOfIncomeTaxes" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#nanx_NondeductibleExpenses" xlink:label="loc_nanxNondeductibleExpenses" />
      <link:calculationArc order="3" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:to="loc_nanxNondeductibleExpenses" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationTaxCredits" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapIncomeTaxReconciliationTaxCredits" />
      <link:calculationArc order="4" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapIncomeTaxReconciliationTaxCredits" xlink:type="arc" weight="-1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationShareBasedCompensationExcessTaxBenefitAmount" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapEffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationShareBasedCompensationExcessTaxBenefitAmount" />
      <link:calculationArc order="5" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapEffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationShareBasedCompensationExcessTaxBenefitAmount" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationStateAndLocalIncomeTaxes" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapIncomeTaxReconciliationStateAndLocalIncomeTaxes" />
      <link:calculationArc order="6" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapIncomeTaxReconciliationStateAndLocalIncomeTaxes" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#nanx_ExpirationOfNolCredits" xlink:label="loc_nanxExpirationOfNolCredits" />
      <link:calculationArc order="7" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:to="loc_nanxExpirationOfNolCredits" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationChangeInEnactedTaxRate" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapIncomeTaxReconciliationChangeInEnactedTaxRate" />
      <link:calculationArc order="8" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapIncomeTaxReconciliationChangeInEnactedTaxRate" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationNondeductibleExpenseShareBasedCompensationCost" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapIncomeTaxReconciliationNondeductibleExpenseShareBasedCompensationCost" />
      <link:calculationArc order="9" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapIncomeTaxReconciliationNondeductibleExpenseShareBasedCompensationCost" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationOtherAdjustments" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapIncomeTaxReconciliationOtherAdjustments" />
      <link:calculationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapIncomeTaxReconciliationOtherAdjustments" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationChangeInDeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapIncomeTaxReconciliationChangeInDeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance" />
      <link:calculationArc order="11" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapIncomeTaxReconciliationChangeInDeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
    </link:calculationLink>
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://nanophase.com/role/DeferredIncomeTaxesReflectNetTaxEffectsOfTemporaryDifferencesBetweenCarryingAmountsOfAssetsAndLiabilitiesForFinancialReportingPurposesAndAmountsUsedForIncomeTaxPurposes.SignificantComponentsOfOurDeferredIncomeDetails" xlink:title="999056 - Disclosure - Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. Significant components of our deferred income  (Details)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxLiabilities" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapDeferredIncomeTaxLiabilities" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesPropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapDeferredTaxLiabilitiesPropertyPlantAndEquipment" />
      <link:calculationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapDeferredIncomeTaxLiabilities" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapDeferredTaxLiabilitiesPropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#nanx_Asc842OperatingLeaseAsset" xlink:label="loc_nanxAsc842OperatingLeaseAsset" />
      <link:calculationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapDeferredIncomeTaxLiabilities" xlink:to="loc_nanxAsc842OperatingLeaseAsset" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsGross" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapDeferredTaxAssetsGross" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwards" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapDeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwards" />
      <link:calculationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapDeferredTaxAssetsGross" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapDeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwards" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsTaxCreditCarryforwards" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapDeferredTaxAssetsTaxCreditCarryforwards" />
      <link:calculationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapDeferredTaxAssetsGross" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapDeferredTaxAssetsTaxCreditCarryforwards" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsTaxCreditCarryforwardsGeneralBusiness" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapDeferredTaxAssetsTaxCreditCarryforwardsGeneralBusiness" />
      <link:calculationArc order="3" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapDeferredTaxAssetsGross" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapDeferredTaxAssetsTaxCreditCarryforwardsGeneralBusiness" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsInventory" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapDeferredTaxAssetsInventory" />
      <link:calculationArc order="4" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapDeferredTaxAssetsGross" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapDeferredTaxAssetsInventory" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsGoodwillAndIntangibleAssets" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapDeferredTaxAssetsGoodwillAndIntangibleAssets" />
      <link:calculationArc order="5" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapDeferredTaxAssetsGross" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapDeferredTaxAssetsGoodwillAndIntangibleAssets" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsTaxCreditCarryforwardsResearch" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapDeferredTaxAssetsTaxCreditCarryforwardsResearch" />
      <link:calculationArc order="6" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapDeferredTaxAssetsGross" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapDeferredTaxAssetsTaxCreditCarryforwardsResearch" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseCompensationAndBenefitsShareBasedCompensationCost" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapDeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseCompensationAndBenefitsShareBasedCompensationCost" />
      <link:calculationArc order="7" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapDeferredTaxAssetsGross" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapDeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseCompensationAndBenefitsShareBasedCompensationCost" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#nanx_TaxCredits" xlink:label="loc_nanxTaxCredits" />
      <link:calculationArc order="8" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapDeferredTaxAssetsGross" xlink:to="loc_nanxTaxCredits" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="nanx-20241231.xsd#nanx_Asc842OperatingLeaseLiability" xlink:label="loc_nanxAsc842OperatingLeaseLiability" />
      <link:calculationArc order="9" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapDeferredTaxAssetsGross" xlink:to="loc_nanxAsc842OperatingLeaseLiability" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpense" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapDeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpense" />
      <link:calculationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapDeferredTaxAssetsGross" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapDeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpense" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsLiabilitiesNet" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapDeferredTaxAssetsLiabilitiesNet" />
      <link:calculationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapDeferredTaxAssetsLiabilitiesNet" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapDeferredIncomeTaxLiabilities" xlink:type="arc" weight="-1" />
      <link:calculationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapDeferredTaxAssetsLiabilitiesNet" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapDeferredTaxAssetsGross" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapDeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance" />
      <link:calculationArc order="3" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapDeferredTaxAssetsLiabilitiesNet" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapDeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance" xlink:type="arc" weight="-1" />
    </link:calculationLink>
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://nanophase.com/role/IncomeTaxesDetailsNarrative" xlink:title="999057 - Disclosure - Income Taxes (Details Narrative)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://nanophase.com/role/CapitalStockDetailsNarrative" xlink:title="999058 - Disclosure - Capital Stock (Details Narrative)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://nanophase.com/role/WeFollowAscTopic718Share-basedPaymentsInWhichCompensationExpenseIsRecognizedOnlyForShare-basedPaymentsExpectedToVest.Details" xlink:title="999059 - Disclosure - We follow ASC Topic 718, Share-Based Payments, in which compensation expense is recognized only for share-based payments expected to vest. (Details)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://nanophase.com/role/FollowingTableIllustratesVariousAssumptionsUsedToCalculateBlack-scholesOptionPricingModelForOptionsGrantedForAllYearsPresentedDetails" xlink:title="999060 - Disclosure - The following table illustrates the various assumptions used to calculate the Black-Scholes option pricing model for options granted for all years presented: (Details)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://nanophase.com/role/AdditionalDisclosuresForOptionsGrantedForAllYearsPresentedDetails" xlink:title="999061 - Disclosure - Additional disclosures for options granted for all years presented: (Details)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://nanophase.com/role/FollowingTableSummarizesOptionActivityForOurEmployeesAndDirectorsDuringYearEndedDecember312024Details" xlink:title="999062 - Disclosure - The following table summarizes the option activity for our employees and directors during the year ended December 31, 2024: (Details)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://nanophase.com/role/AggregateIntrinsicValueInTableAboveIsBasedOnOurClosingStockPriceOf2.26Details" xlink:title="999063 - Disclosure - The aggregate intrinsic value in the table above is based on our closing stock price of $2.26 (Details)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://nanophase.com/role/StockOptionsAndStockGrantsDetailsNarrative" xlink:title="999064 - Disclosure - Stock Options and Stock Grants (Details Narrative)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://nanophase.com/role/KProfit-sharingPlanDetailsNarrative" xlink:title="999065 - Disclosure - 401(k) Profit-Sharing Plan (Details Narrative)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://nanophase.com/role/RevenuesFromTheseThreeCustomersAsPercentageOfTotalCompanyRevenueWasApproximatelyDetails" xlink:title="999066 - Disclosure - Revenues from these three customers, as a percentage of total Company revenue, was approximately: (Details)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://nanophase.com/role/AccountsReceivableBalancesForTheseThreeCustomersAsPercentageOfTotalCompanyAccountsReceivableWasApproximatelyDetails" xlink:title="999067 - Disclosure - Accounts receivable balances for these three customers, as a percentage of total Company accounts receivable, was approximately: (Details)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://nanophase.com/role/SignificantCustomersDetailsNarrative" xlink:title="999068 - Disclosure - Significant Customers (Details Narrative)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://nanophase.com/role/ChiefOperatingDecisionMakerUsesGrossProfitAndNetIncomeToEvaluateCompanyPerformanceAndInWhatWayToAllocateResources.SignificantSegmentExpensesWhichAreSameAsEntityAsWholeAreAsFollowsDetails" xlink:title="999069 - Disclosure - The Chief Operating Decision Maker uses gross profit and net income to evaluate Company performance and in what way to allocate resources. Significant segment expenses, which are the same as the entity as a whole, are as follows: (Details)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://nanophase.com/role/RevenuesFor2024And2023ByCategoryAreAsFollowsDetails" xlink:title="999070 - Disclosure - The revenues for 2024 and 2023 by category are as follows: (Details)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://nanophase.com/role/BusinessSegmentationAndGeographicalDistributionDetailsNarrative" xlink:title="999071 - Disclosure - Business Segmentation and Geographical Distribution (Details Narrative)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://nanophase.com/role/SubsequentEventDetailsNarrative" xlink:title="999072 - Disclosure - Subsequent Event (Details Narrative)" />
</link:linkbase>
