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GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2022
GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS |
GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS | 7. GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS Goodwill The Company tests goodwill for impairment at each of its reporting units on an annual basis, which has been determined to be as of October 1st. The Company’s reporting units are one level below its operating segments. The Company also tests goodwill between annual tests if an event occurs or circumstances change that indicate that the fair value of a reporting unit may be below its carrying value. The Company’s qualitative goodwill impairment test includes, but is not limited to, assessing macroeconomic conditions, industry and market considerations, technological changes and trends, and overall financial performance of the reporting unit. The Company’s quantitative test for goodwill impairment involves a comparison of the estimated fair value of a reporting unit to its carrying amount, including goodwill. The Company determines the fair value of a reporting unit using either a market or income approach. The market approach uses prices generated by market transactions involving comparable businesses. The income approach is based on a discounted cash flow (“DCF”) model. The DCF model requires the exercise of significant judgment, including judgments and assumptions about appropriate discount rates and revenue growth. Discount rates are based on a weighted-average cost of capital (“WACC”), which represents the average rate a business must pay its providers of debt and equity. The revenue growth and cash flows employed in the DCF model were derived from internal earnings and forecasts and external market forecasts. For its annual impairment analysis, as of October 1, 2022, the Company performed a quantitative analysis for the goodwill held in its US Telecom segment and a qualitative analysis for the goodwill held in its International Telecom segment. The US Telecom segment holds $35.3 million of goodwill and the quantitative analysis, using an income approach, indicated that the fair value of the reporting unit, including goodwill, exceeded its carrying value. The Company’s analysis noted that the certain wholesale roaming and retail operations in its US Telecom segment are shifting towards carrier managed services and fixed broadband services. Additionally, the reporting unit is executing several significant network upgrade projects concurrently. The success of these initiatives will have a significant impact on the Company’s operations. For the International Telecom segment the qualitative analysis was completed after the previous quantitative analysis using a DCF model determined that the fair value of each reporting unit significantly exceeded its carrying value, including goodwill. The impairment analysis concluded that no impairment was necessary in 2022. For its 2021 annual impairment analysis the company performed a quantitative analysis for Viya reporting unit and a qualitative analysis for its remaining reporting units in its segments. The Viya impairment analysis determined that the carrying value of the reporting unit, including goodwill, exceeded its fair value. The value of the reporting unit decreased in 2021 mainly due to decreases in government funding and changes in the operating environment of the reporting unit that resulted in the reporting unit being unable to achieve its growth projections. As a result, for the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company recorded an impairment of $20.6 million representing all of the goodwill in this reporting unit. The Company’s impairment analysis for its remaining reporting units determined that no impairment was necessary in 2021. The table below discloses goodwill recorded in each of the Company’s segments and accumulated impairment changes (in thousands):
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | International |  | US |  | ​
​ | ​ | Telecom | ​ | Telecom | ​ | Consolidated
Balance at December 31, 2020 | ​ | $ | 25,423 | ​ | ​ | 35,268 | ​ | $ | 60,691
Impairment | ​ | ​ | (20,587) | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | (20,587)
Balance at December 31, 2021 and 2022 | ​ | $ | 4,836 | ​ | $ | 35,268 | ​ | $ | 40,104
​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | International | ​ | US | ​ |  | ​
​ | ​ | Telecom | ​ | Telecom | ​ | Consolidated
Balance at December 31, 2021 | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Gross | ​ | $ | 25,423 | ​ | $ | 35,268 | ​ | $ | 60,691
Accumulated Impairment | ​ |  | (20,587) | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | (20,587)
Net | ​ |  | 4,836 | ​ |  | 35,268 | ​ |  | 40,104
Balance at December 31, 2022 | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Gross | ​ | ​ | 25,423 | ​ | ​ | 35,268 | ​ | ​ | 60,691
Accumulated Impairment | ​ | ​ | (20,587) | ​ |  | — | ​ | ​ | (20,587)
Net | ​ | $ | 4,836 | ​ | $ | 35,268 | ​ | $ | 40,104
​ Telecommunications Licenses The Company tests those telecommunications licenses that are indefinite-lived for impairment on an annual basis, which has been determined to be as of October 1st. The Company also tests telecommunication licenses that are indefinite-lived between annual tests if an event occurs or circumstances change that indicate that the fair value of a reporting unit may be below its carrying value. The Company’s qualitative impairment test includes, but is not limited to, assessing macroeconomic conditions, industry and market considerations, technological changes and trends, overall financial performance, and legal and regulatory changes. The Company’s quantitative test for impairment involves a comparison of the estimated fair value of an asset to its carrying amount. The Company determines the fair value using either a market or income approach. The market approach uses prices generated by market transactions involving comparable assets. The income approach uses a DCF model. The DCF requires the exercise of significant judgement including Level 3 valuation inputs. The Company performed a qualitative assessment for its annual impairment assessment of its indefinite lived telecommunication licenses in 2022 and determined that there were no indications of potential impairment. The Company performed quantitative assessments for its annual impairment assessment of its indefinite lived telecommunications licenses for 2021 using a market approach and determined that there were no indications of potential impairments. The changes in the carrying amount of the Company’s telecommunications licenses, by operating segment, were as follows (in thousands):
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | International |  | US |  | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Telecom | ​ | Telecom | ​ | Consolidated |
Balance at December 31, 2020 | ​ | $ | 34,798 | ​ | $ | 79,285 | ​ | $ | 114,083 | ​
Acquired licenses | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 683 | ​ | ​ | 683 | ​
Dispositions | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | (1,000) | ​ | ​ | (1,000) | ​
Balance at December 31, 2021 | ​ | $ | 34,798 | ​ | $ | 78,968 | ​ | $ | 113,766 | ​
Acquired licenses | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 1,068 | ​ | ​ | 1,068 | ​
Dispositions | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | (1,136) | ​ | ​ | (1,136) | ​
Balance at December 31, 2022 | ​ | $ | 34,798 | ​ | $ | 78,900 | ​ | $ | 113,698 | ​
​ The licenses acquired during 2022 and 2021 are expected to be available for use into perpetuity. Customer Relationships The customer relationships are being amortized on an accelerated basis, over the expected period during which their economic benefits are to be realized. The Company recorded $11.6 million, $7.0 million, and $1.5 million of amortization related to customer relationships during the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, respectively. Future amortization of customer relationships is as follows (in thousands):
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | International Telecom | ​ | US Telecom
2023 | $ | 827 | ​ | $ | 10,248
2024 | ​ | 576 | ​ | ​ | 5,748
2025 | ​ | 576 | ​ | ​ | 2,779
2026 | ​ | 576 | ​ | ​ | —
2027 | ​ | 576 | ​ | ​ | —
Thereafter | ​ | 338 | ​ | ​ | —
Total | $ | 3,469 | ​ | $ | 18,775
​ Other Intangible Assets Other intangible assets includes $9.7 million and $10.5 million of tradenames on the Company’s balance sheet as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The tradenames have definite lives and future amortization of the tradenames are as follows: ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | International Telecom | ​ | US Telecom
2023 | $ | 307 | ​ | $ | 1,028
2024 | ​ | 307 | ​ | ​ | 964
2025 | ​ | 307 | ​ | ​ | 879
2026 | ​ | 209 | ​ | ​ | 769
2027 | ​ | 37 | ​ | ​ | 718
Thereafter | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 4,223
Total | $ | 1,167 | ​ | $ | 8,581
​

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