<SEC-DOCUMENT>0000950170-21-004122.txt : 20211110
<SEC-HEADER>0000950170-21-004122.hdr.sgml : 20211110
<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20211110163209
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0000950170-21-004122
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	8-K
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		13
CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT:	20211108
ITEM INFORMATION:		Amendments to the Registrant's Code of Ethics, or Waiver of a Provision of the Code of Ethics
ITEM INFORMATION:		Financial Statements and Exhibits
FILED AS OF DATE:		20211110
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20211110

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			ORASURE TECHNOLOGIES INC
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0001116463
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	SURGICAL & MEDICAL INSTRUMENTS & APPARATUS [3841]
		IRS NUMBER:				364370966
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			DE
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1231

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		8-K
		SEC ACT:		1934 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	001-16537
		FILM NUMBER:		211397193

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		150 WEBSTER ST
		CITY:			BETHLEHEM
		STATE:			PA
		ZIP:			18015
		BUSINESS PHONE:		5036416115

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		150 WEBSTER ST
		CITY:			BETHLEHEM
		STATE:			PA
		ZIP:			18015
</SEC-HEADER>
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    <td style="width:38.002%;"></td>
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    <td style="width:15.004%;"></td>
    <td style="width:0.999%;"></td>
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  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:12.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><span style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the Registrant under any of the following provisions:</span></p>
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    <td style="width:4.721%;"></td>
    <td style="width:95.279%;"></td>
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   <tr style="height:17.3pt;">
    <td style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);word-break:break-word;padding-left:0.075in;vertical-align:top;padding-right:0.075in;"><p style="text-indent:0.0pt;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;"><ix:nonNumeric id="F_e8b44201-71f6-4ca0-86d0-940e401a5a97" contextRef="C_8a75da4d-7c02-4b99-843e-69926770e69e" name="dei:WrittenCommunications" format="ixt-sec:boolballotbox"><span style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#9744;</span></ix:nonNumeric></span></p></td>
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   <tr style="height:7.9pt;">
    <td style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);word-break:break-word;padding-left:0.075in;vertical-align:top;padding-right:0.075in;"><p style="text-indent:0.0pt;font-size:6.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><span style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:6.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</span></p></td>
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    <td style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);word-break:break-word;padding-left:0.075in;vertical-align:top;padding-right:0.075in;"><p style="text-indent:0.0pt;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;"><ix:nonNumeric id="F_efb3d565-643a-4da6-b117-256a1550d56b" contextRef="C_8a75da4d-7c02-4b99-843e-69926770e69e" name="dei:SolicitingMaterial" format="ixt-sec:boolballotbox"><span style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#9744;</span></ix:nonNumeric></span></p></td>
    <td style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);word-break:break-word;padding-left:0.075in;vertical-align:top;padding-right:0.075in;"><p style="text-indent:0.0pt;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><span style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)</span></p></td>
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   <tr style="height:17.3pt;">
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   </tr>
   <tr style="height:7.9pt;">
    <td style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);word-break:break-word;padding-left:0.075in;vertical-align:top;padding-right:0.075in;"><p style="text-indent:0.0pt;font-size:6.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><span style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:6.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</span></p></td>
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   <tr style="height:17.3pt;">
    <td style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);word-break:break-word;padding-left:0.075in;vertical-align:top;padding-right:0.075in;"><p style="text-indent:0.0pt;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;"><ix:nonNumeric id="F_e7ce13b4-cd97-4f13-a5ae-4ac2a84913aa" contextRef="C_8a75da4d-7c02-4b99-843e-69926770e69e" name="dei:PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" format="ixt-sec:boolballotbox"><span style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#9744;</span></ix:nonNumeric></span></p></td>
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  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:6.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><span style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Indicate by a check mark whether the Registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (&#167;230.405 of this chapter) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (&#167;240.12b-2 of this chapter).</span></p>
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  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:12.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><span style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri;">&#160;</span></p>
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  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><span style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Calibri;">&#160;</span></p>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:justify;"><span style="background-color:rgba(255,255,255,1);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Item 5.05 Amendments to the Registrant&#x2019;s Code of Ethics, or Waiver of a Provision of the Code of Ethics.</span></p>
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  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:justify;"><span style="background-color:rgba(255,255,255,1);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">On November 8, 2021, the OraSure Technologies, Inc. (the &#x201c;Company&#x201d;) Board of Directors (the &#x201c;Board&#x201d;) approved an amended and restated Code of Business Conduct and Ethics in its entirety (as amended and restated, the &#x201c;Code&#x201d;).  The Code supersedes the Company&#x2019;s Code of Business Conduct and Ethics previously adopted by the Board (the &#x201c;Prior Code&#x201d;). The Code was approved and adopted by the Board as part of its ordinary course recurrent review of the Company&#x2019;s codes and policies.</span></p>
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  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:justify;"><span style="background-color:rgba(255,255,255,1);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">The Code applies to all officers, employees and non-employee Directors of the Company and its subsidiaries, and constitutes a &#x201c;code of ethics&#x201d; as such term is defined in Item 406(b) of Regulation S-K. The Code sets forth guiding principles of business ethics and certain legal requirements, including, but not limited to, the Company&#x2019;s policies with respect to insider trading, conflicts of interest, competition and fair dealing, diversity, discrimination and harassment, health and safety, and compliance with laws.  The Code also provides that, for conduct involving an executive officer or Director of the Company, only the Board has the authority to waive a provision of the Code.</span></p>
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  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:justify;"><span style="background-color:rgba(255,255,255,1);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">The purpose of amending and restating the Prior Code was to improve its readability and clarify certain areas of importance, including with respect to compliance with laws, accounting and auditing matters, conflicts of interest, insider trading, confidentiality obligations and reporting of Code violations. The adoption of the Code did not relate to or result in any waiver, whether explicit or implicit, of any provision of the Prior Code.</span></p>
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  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:justify;"><span style="background-color:rgba(255,255,255,1);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">The foregoing summary of the Code is not intended to be exhaustive and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the Code, a copy of which is attached as Exhibit 14.1 to this Current Report on Form 8-K and is incorporated by reference into this Item 5.05.  The Company has posted a copy of the Code on its website, </span><span><span style="background-color:rgba(255,255,255,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">https://www.orasure.com</span></span><span style="background-color:rgba(255,255,255,1);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;text-decoration:underline;font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">.</span></p>
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    <td style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);word-break:break-word;vertical-align:bottom;"><p style="text-indent:0.0pt;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;margin-right:0.011111111111111112in;text-align:left;"><span style="color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">  </span>&#160;</p></td>
    <td style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);word-break:break-word;vertical-align:top;text-align:right;"><p style="text-indent:0.0pt;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;margin-right:0.011111111111111112in;text-align:justify;"><a href="osur-ex14_1.htm"><span style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,255,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;text-decoration:underline;font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">OraSure Technologies, Inc. Code of Conduct and Ethics, as amended and restated as of November 8, 2021</span></a><span style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">.</span></p></td>
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  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><span style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Signatures</span></p>
  <p style="text-indent:4.533%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:6.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><span style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, hereunto duly authorized.</span></p>
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    <td colspan="3" style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);word-break:break-word;vertical-align:top;text-align:left;"><p style="text-indent:0.0pt;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:center;"><span style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">ORASURE TECHNOLOGIES, INC.</span></p></td>
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  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:right;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">EXHIBIT 14.1</font></p>
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  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:right;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:center;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">ORASURE TECHNOLOGIES, INC. <br>CODE OF BUSINESS CONDUCT AND ETHICS</font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:center;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">(As amended through November 8, 2021)</font></p>
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  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Introduction</font></p>
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  <p style="text-indent:6.667%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">The reputation and integrity of OraSure Technologies, Inc. (together with its subsidiaries, the &#x201c;Company&#x201d; or &#x201c;we&#x201d;) are valuable assets that are vital to the Company&#x2019;s success.  Each director, officer and employee of the Company is therefore responsible for conducting the Company&#x2019;s business in a manner that demonstrates a commitment to the highest standards of integrity, honesty and compliance with law.</font></p>
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  <p style="text-indent:6.667%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">This Code of Business Conduct and Ethics (this &#x201c;Code&#x201d; or &#x201c;Code of Conduct&#x201d;) covers a wide range of business practices and procedures.  It does not cover every issue that may arise, but it sets out basic principles to guide directors, officers and employees of the Company.  All of our directors, officers and employees must conduct themselves accordingly and seek to avoid even the appearance of improper behavior.</font></p>
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  <p style="text-indent:6.667%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">The purpose of this Code is to focus on areas of ethical or legal risk, provide guidance to help recognize and deal with ethical and legal issues, provide mechanisms to report unethical or illegal conduct, and foster a culture of honesty and accountability.  Dishonest or unethical conduct or conduct that is illegal will constitute a violation of this Code, regardless of whether such conduct is specifically referenced herein.</font></p>
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  <p style="text-indent:6.667%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">The Company&#x2019;s Board of Directors (the &#x201c;Board of Directors&#x201d; or &#x201c;Board&#x201d;) is ultimately responsible for overseeing the implementation of this Code of Conduct.  The Board has designated the Company&#x2019;s General Counsel to be the compliance officer (the &#x201c;Compliance Officer&#x201d;) for the implementation, interpretation and administration of this Code, including periodically reviewing this Code and proposing any changes to this Code that are deemed necessary or appropriate.</font></p>
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  <p style="text-indent:6.667%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">We understand that questions regarding the application or interpretation of this Code of Conduct may arise from time to time.  Directors and employees should feel free to direct questions to the Compliance Officer.  In addition, employees who observe, learn of, or, in good faith, suspect a violation of this Code, </font><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;text-decoration:underline;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">must</font><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;"> immediately report the violation to the Compliance Officer.  Alternatively, employees have the option of contacting the Chief Executive Officer or submitting a confidential or anonymous complaint to the Compliance Officer.  Employees who report violations or suspected violations in good faith will not be subject to retaliation of any kind.  Reported violations will be investigated and addressed promptly and will be treated confidentially to the extent possible.  If you are in a situation which you believe may violate or lead to a violation of this Code, you should follow the procedures described in Sections 14-16 of this Code.</font></p>
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  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:13.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
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  <p style="text-indent:6.667%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Statements in this Code of Conduct to the effect that certain actions may be taken only with Company approval will be interpreted to mean that appropriate officers or Board or Audit Committee members must give prior written approval before the proposed action may be undertaken.  This Code of Conduct should be read in conjunction with the Company&#x2019;s Employee Handbook and other policies, policy statements or procedures adopted by the Company from time to time, including (i) the Policy Statement on Dealing with Company Information, Including Insider Information and Insider Securities Trading (the &#x201c;Insider Trading Policy&#x201d;), (ii) the Fair Disclosure Policy, (iii) the Audit Committee Procedures for Reporting and Investigating Complaints, (iv) the Substance Abuse and Drug Testing Policy, (v) the Travel Policy and (vi) the Policy on Interactions with Healthcare Professionals.</font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:6.667%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">A copy of this Code of Conduct will be supplied to all new directors, officers and employees, and updates will be provided upon any changes to this Code.  Employees will receive periodic training on the contents and importance of this Code of Conduct and related policies and the manner in which violations must be reported and waivers must be requested.  Each employee of the Company will be asked to certify on an annual basis that he or she has read, is familiar with, and is in full compliance with, this Code of Conduct and related policy statements.  Moreover, each employee will acknowledge that he or she are familiar with the procedures for reporting potential violations of this Code.</font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:6.667%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">This Code of Conduct will be strictly enforced.  All managers and supervisors are required to enforce this Code subject to its terms and are not permitted to sanction or condone violations.  There will be serious adverse consequences for non-adherence to this Code, which may include disciplinary measures, up to an including removal from a position as director or officer or dismissal as an employee of the Company.</font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <div style="display:flex;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0.0pt;min-width:0.5in;text-align:left;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;justify-content:flex-start;min-width:0.5in;">1.</font><div style="display:inline;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Compliance with Laws</font></div></div>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:6.667%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">The Company markets and sells its products in the United States and internationally.  A variety of domestic and foreign laws, rules and regulations apply to the Company, its operations and the products that the Company manufactures, markets and sells.  These laws include, among others, medical device regulations promulgated by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and similar agencies in other countries, securities laws, antitrust laws, environmental, health and safety laws, state laws relating to duties owed by corporate directors and officers and laws related to the marketing of medical devices and interaction with healthcare professionals.</font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:6.667%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Disregard of the law will not be tolerated.  Violation of domestic or foreign laws, rules and regulations may subject the Company and its officers, directors and employees to serious civil and criminal penalties.  Examples of criminal violations of the law include:  mislabeling or misrepresenting products; stealing, embezzling, misapplying corporate or bank funds, using threats, physical force or other unauthorized means to collect money; making a payment for an expressed purpose on the Company&#x2019;s behalf to an individual who intends to use it for a different purpose; or making payments, whether corporate or personal, of cash or other items of value that are intended to influence the judgment or actions of political candidates, government officials, private and public regulatory agencies or businesses in connection with any of the Company&#x2019;s activities.  The Company must and will report all criminal violations to the appropriate authorities</font><font style="color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:13.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:center;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">2</font></p>
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  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
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  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
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  <p style="text-indent:6.667%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">The honesty and integrity of our business conduct must not be compromised.  The Company will not condone ethical violations for the sake of personal gain, personal advantage, expediency or perceived business advantage.</font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <div style="display:flex;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0.0pt;min-width:0.5in;text-align:left;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;justify-content:flex-start;min-width:0.5in;">3.</font><div style="display:inline;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Accounting, Auditing Matters and Public Disclosure Obligations</font></div></div>
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  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:6.667%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">The Company expects that all employees who participate in the preparation of any part of the Company&#x2019;s financial statements, SEC disclosures or other public communications will follow the following guidelines:</font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
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  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:13.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:center;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">3</font></p>
  <hr style="page-break-after:always;">
  <div style="margin-left:6.667%;display:flex;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0.0pt;min-width:0.30000000000000004in;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Symbol;display:inline-block;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Symbol;justify-content:flex-start;min-width:0.30000000000000004in;">&#xf0b7;</font><div style="display:inline;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Act with honesty and integrity, avoiding violations of this Code, including actual or apparent conflicts of interest (as further described in Section 4 of this Code) with the Company in personal and professional relationships;</font></div></div>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
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  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
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  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <div style="margin-left:6.667%;display:flex;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0.0pt;min-width:0.30000000000000004in;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Symbol;display:inline-block;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Symbol;justify-content:flex-start;min-width:0.30000000000000004in;">&#xf0b7;</font><div style="display:inline;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Endeavor to ensure full, fair, timely, accurate and understandable disclosure in the Company&#x2019;s periodic reports filed with the SEC and other public communications;</font></div></div>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <div style="margin-left:6.667%;display:flex;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0.0pt;min-width:0.30000000000000004in;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Symbol;display:inline-block;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Symbol;justify-content:flex-start;min-width:0.30000000000000004in;">&#xf0b7;</font><div style="display:inline;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Comply with rules and regulations of federal, state, provincial and local governments, and other appropriate private and public regulatory agencies;</font></div></div>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <div style="margin-left:6.667%;display:flex;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0.0pt;min-width:0.30000000000000004in;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Symbol;display:inline-block;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Symbol;justify-content:flex-start;min-width:0.30000000000000004in;">&#xf0b7;</font><div style="display:inline;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Act in good faith, responsibly, and with due care, competence and diligence, without misrepresenting material facts or allowing your independent judgment to be subordinated;</font></div></div>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
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  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <div style="margin-left:6.667%;display:flex;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0.0pt;min-width:0.30000000000000004in;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Symbol;display:inline-block;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Symbol;justify-content:flex-start;min-width:0.30000000000000004in;">&#xf0b7;</font><div style="display:inline;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Share and maintain skills important and relevant to the Company&#x2019;s needs;</font></div></div>
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  <div style="margin-left:6.667%;display:flex;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0.0pt;min-width:0.30000000000000004in;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Symbol;display:inline-block;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Symbol;justify-content:flex-start;min-width:0.30000000000000004in;">&#xf0b7;</font><div style="display:inline;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Proactively promote ethical and lawful behavior among peers in your work environment;</font></div></div>
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  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <div style="display:flex;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0.0pt;min-width:0.5in;text-align:left;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;justify-content:flex-start;min-width:0.5in;">4.</font><div style="display:inline;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Conflicts of Interest</font></div></div>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:6.667%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Without prejudice to applicable law dealing with conflict of interest situations,</font><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-style:italic;"> </font><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">any direct or indirect conflict of interest between the Company and any director, officer or employee is prohibited unless otherwise approved by the Company.  The Company believes that it is in the best interests of the Company and its stockholders and other stakeholders and is consistent with the obligations of the Company&#x2019;s directors, officers and employees to establish the policy that all</font><font style="color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:13.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:center;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">4</font></p>
  <hr style="page-break-after:always;">
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">business decisions will reflect independent judgment and discretion, uninfluenced by any considerations other than those honestly believed to be in the best interests of the Company and its stockholders and other stakeholders.  A conflict of interest can arise when an employee or director takes an action or has an outside interest, responsibility or obligation that may make it difficult for such employee or director to perform his or her duties objectively and/or effectively in accordance with the Company's policies and in the best interests of the Company and its stockholders and other stakeholders.  Even the appearance of a conflict of interest can be damaging and should be avoided.</font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:6.667%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Conflicts of interest may not always be clear-cut, so if you have a question, you should consult with your manager or supervisor or the Compliance Officer.  Any director, officer or employee who becomes aware of a conflict or potential conflict should bring it to the attention of a manager or supervisor or the Compliance Officer or follow the procedures described in Sections 15-16 of this Code.</font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:6.667%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">It is not possible to describe every situation or occurrence that could lead to a conflict of interest between a director, officer or employee and the Company.  The following events are intended to describe, by way of example, situations that could occur and that constitute or could lead to a conflict of interest with the Company:</font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <div style="margin-left:6.667%;display:flex;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0.0pt;min-width:0.30000000000000004in;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Symbol;display:inline-block;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Symbol;justify-content:flex-start;min-width:0.30000000000000004in;">&#xf0b7;</font><div style="display:inline;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;text-decoration:underline;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Relationships with Competitors, Customers or Suppliers</font><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">:  It is almost always a conflict of interest for a director, officer or employee to work simultaneously for a competitor, customer or supplier of the Company.  Directors, officers and employees are not allowed to work for a competitor as an employee, independent contractor, consultant or board member.  The best policy is to avoid any direct or indirect business connection with the Company&#x2019;s competitors, customers and suppliers, except at the direction of the Company.  Stock ownership of 1% or more of the outstanding equity and other financial interests or participation in any competitor, customer or supplier of the Company need to be reported to the Compliance Officer.</font></div></div>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <div style="margin-left:6.667%;display:flex;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0.0pt;min-width:0.30000000000000004in;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Symbol;display:inline-block;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Symbol;justify-content:flex-start;min-width:0.30000000000000004in;">&#xf0b7;</font><div style="display:inline;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;text-decoration:underline;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Indirect Interests and Relationships</font><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">:  A conflict of interest can arise because of the business activities of an affiliate of the director, officer or employee.  The term affiliate includes close family members and family members who live in the same household as the director, officer or employee.  A director, officer or employee has a potential conflict of interest whenever an affiliate has a significant interest in a transaction or a significant relationship with any customer, supplier or competitor of the Company.  The director, officer or employee should not make or influence any Company decision that could directly or indirectly benefit his or her affiliate and, in order to protect the director, officer or employee and the Company from the appearance of a conflict of interest, all relationships of this nature need to be reported to the Compliance Officer.</font></div></div>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <div style="margin-left:6.667%;display:flex;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0.0pt;min-width:0.30000000000000004in;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Symbol;display:inline-block;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Symbol;justify-content:flex-start;min-width:0.30000000000000004in;">&#xf0b7;</font><div style="display:inline;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;text-decoration:underline;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Business Gratuities, Gifts, Loans and Entertainment</font><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">:  A director, officer or employee should not accept business gratuities or gifts (including entertainment) from competitors, customers or suppliers of the Company or anyone else having or seeking business with the Company, except as permitted below, or accept loans from any person having or seeking business with the Company (other than loans from banks or </font></div></div>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:13.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:center;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">5</font></p>
  <hr style="page-break-after:always;">
  <div style="margin-left:6.667%;display:flex;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0.0pt;min-width:0.30000000000000004in;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Symbol;visibility:hidden;display:inline-block;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Symbol;justify-content:flex-start;min-width:0.30000000000000004in;"></font><div style="display:inline;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">financial institutions at prevailing market rates and terms).  In short, the purpose of business gratuities and gifts in a commercial setting is to create good will and sound working relationships, not to gain unfair advantage with competitors, customers or suppliers.</font></div></div>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <p style="margin-left:10.667%;text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">No business gratuity or gift should be offered, given, provided or accepted by any director, officer or employee or their affiliates unless it:  (i) is not a cash gift, (ii) is consistent with customary business practices and the Company&#x2019;s Policy on Interactions with Healthcare Professionals, (iii) is not excessive in value, (iv) cannot be construed as a bribe and is not reasonably calculated to influence a decision, and (v) does not violate any laws or regulations.  Please discuss with your manager or supervisor or the Compliance Officer any gifts or proposed gifts that you are not certain are appropriate.  Any gifts or other relationships with government employees, regardless of value, may be against the law or policies governing federal, state or local government employees.  A more detailed discussion regarding relationships with governmental personnel is set forth in Section 12 of this Code.</font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <div style="margin-left:6.667%;display:flex;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0.0pt;min-width:0.30000000000000004in;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Symbol;display:inline-block;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Symbol;justify-content:flex-start;min-width:0.30000000000000004in;">&#xf0b7;</font><div style="display:inline;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;text-decoration:underline;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Business Related Functions</font><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">:  Participation in business related functions is permitted, including the acceptance of lunches or other meals.  However, each director, officer or employee should exercise care to ensure that such functions are necessary and related to the conduct of business on behalf of the Company.  If in doubt, the Compliance Officer should be consulted.</font></div></div>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <div style="margin-left:6.667%;display:flex;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0.0pt;min-width:0.30000000000000004in;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Symbol;display:inline-block;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Symbol;justify-content:flex-start;min-width:0.30000000000000004in;">&#xf0b7;</font><div style="display:inline;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;text-decoration:underline;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Outside Business Activities</font><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">:  As a general rule, the Company does not allow its officers or employees to participate or engage in business activities outside of their employment with the Company.  Participation on a part-time or other basis in any outside business or employment will generally be a conflict of interest if the officer&#x2019;s or employee&#x2019;s participation in that business could interfere with his or her ability to devote proper time and attention to his or her duties or employment with the Company.  Officers and employees are not permitted to indicate or imply Company sponsorship or support of an outside business activity, without the Company&#x2019;s prior approval.</font></div></div>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <div style="margin-left:6.667%;display:flex;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0.0pt;min-width:0.30000000000000004in;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Symbol;display:inline-block;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Symbol;justify-content:flex-start;min-width:0.30000000000000004in;">&#xf0b7;</font><div style="display:inline;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;text-decoration:underline;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Nonbusiness Activities</font><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">:  Participation in the activities of a trade association, professional society, charitable institution or governmental institution on a noncompensated basis or holding a public office (with or without compensation) will not generally create a conflict of interest in violation of this Code.  However, unless the Company&#x2019;s prior approval is obtained, such activities are to be conducted in a manner that does not involve the Company or its assets or facilities, and does not create the appearance of Company involvement or endorsement.  If any director, officer or employee is unsure of his or her particular situation, the Compliance Officer should be consulted.</font></div></div>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <div style="margin-left:6.667%;display:flex;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0.0pt;min-width:0.30000000000000004in;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Symbol;display:inline-block;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Symbol;justify-content:flex-start;min-width:0.30000000000000004in;">&#xf0b7;</font><div style="display:inline;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;text-decoration:underline;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Business Partners</font><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">:  No director, officer or employee may recommend any third party for work for the Company on a project, transaction or otherwise where the third party&#x2019;s compensation is paid on the basis of any kickback or fee sharing arrangement with the director, officer or employee, nor may a director, officer or employee recommend any </font></div></div>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:13.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:center;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">6</font></p>
  <hr style="page-break-after:always;">
  <div style="margin-left:6.667%;display:flex;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0.0pt;min-width:0.30000000000000004in;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Symbol;visibility:hidden;display:inline-block;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Symbol;justify-content:flex-start;min-width:0.30000000000000004in;"></font><div style="display:inline;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">third party without full disclosure to and written approval by the Chief Executive Officer or Compliance Officer, if such third party has any familial or pre-existing monetary relationship with the director, officer or employee or if such director, officer or employee has an equity or stock ownership position in such third party.</font></div></div>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <div style="margin-left:6.667%;display:flex;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0.0pt;min-width:0.30000000000000004in;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Symbol;display:inline-block;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Symbol;justify-content:flex-start;min-width:0.30000000000000004in;">&#xf0b7;</font><div style="display:inline;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;text-decoration:underline;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Political Contributions</font><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">:  No director, officer or employee shall, in his or her capacity as a director, officer or employee, make any loan, donation, contribution or payment to a political party, candidate or action committee or any member of a legislative body or any committee thereof, for or on behalf of the Company or any project or development in which the Company is engaged, nor shall a director, officer or employee of the Company reimburse any individual who does.  Nothing contained in this paragraph shall prohibit a director, officer or employee from taking any of the above actions in his or her name, provided that the action is exclusively on the director&#x2019;s, officer&#x2019;s or employee&#x2019;s own accord and is not an indirect means of accomplishing one of the prohibited actions.</font></div></div>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <div style="margin-left:6.667%;display:flex;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0.0pt;min-width:0.30000000000000004in;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Symbol;display:inline-block;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Symbol;justify-content:flex-start;min-width:0.30000000000000004in;">&#xf0b7;</font><div style="display:inline;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;text-decoration:underline;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Personal Use of Company Property and Company Information</font><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">:  It is against Company policy for any director, officer or employee to use or divert any Company property, including services of other employees and Company information, for his or her own advantage or benefit or for use in outside business activities or non-business activities unrelated to the Company, or use the Company&#x2019;s letterhead when writing personal correspondence.</font></div></div>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <div style="margin-left:6.667%;display:flex;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0.0pt;min-width:0.30000000000000004in;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Symbol;display:inline-block;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Symbol;justify-content:flex-start;min-width:0.30000000000000004in;">&#xf0b7;</font><div style="display:inline;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;text-decoration:underline;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Business Opportunities</font><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">:  Directors, officers and employees should not take direct or indirect advantage of any business opportunity that is discovered or received through the use of the Company's property or by reason of their relationship with the Company and in which the Company may be interested, unless such opportunity has been presented for consideration by the Company and has been rejected by the Company and such activity is not prohibited under other Sections of this Code.</font></div></div>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <div style="display:flex;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0.0pt;min-width:0.5in;text-align:left;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;justify-content:flex-start;min-width:0.5in;">5.</font><div style="display:inline;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Insider Trading</font></div></div>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:6.667%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Directors, officers and employees who have access to confidential (or &#x201c;inside&#x201d;) information are not permitted to use or share that information for stock trading purposes or any other purpose except the conduct of our business and in strict conformance with all applicable laws and SEC regulations.</font><font style="color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">  </font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:6.667%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:justify;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:6.667%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">All non-public information about the Company or about companies with which we do business, such as customers and suppliers, should be considered confidential information.  To use material, non-public information for personal financial benefit or to &#x201c;tip&#x201d; others who might make an investment decision on the basis of this information is not only unethical but also illegal.  The SEC and criminal prosecutors vigorously enforce insider trading laws and penalties can range from monetary fines, bars from future service as a director or officer of a public company, or jail time. The Company&#x2019;s policy on insider trading is set forth more fully in the Insider Trading Policy furnished to all directors, officers and employees.  In the event of any inconsistencies between the provisions of this Code and the Company&#x2019;s Insider Trading Policy, the Insider Trading Policy will</font><font style="color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:13.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:center;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">7</font></p>
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  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <div style="display:flex;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0.0pt;min-width:0.5in;text-align:left;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;justify-content:flex-start;min-width:0.5in;">6.</font><div style="display:inline;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Competition and Fair Dealing</font></div></div>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:6.667%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">We seek to outperform our competition fairly and honestly through superior performance, and never through unethical or illegal business practices.  Stealing proprietary information from others, possessing trade secret information that was obtained without the owner&#x2019;s consent or inducing such disclosures by past or present employees of other companies is prohibited.  Each director, officer and employee should endeavor to respect the rights of and deal fairly with the Company&#x2019;s competitors, customers, suppliers, directors, officers and employees.  No director, officer or employee should take unfair advantage of anyone through manipulation, concealment, abuse of privileged information, misrepresentation of material facts or any other intentional unfair-dealing practice.</font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:6.667%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">The Company must comply with antitrust and competition laws in the United States, Canada and elsewhere around the world.  These laws require businesses to compete fairly and prohibit agreements among competitors that restrain trade or reduce competition, such as agreements to fix, stabilize or control prices, limit output, allocate geographic territories or boycott certain suppliers or customers.  Certain kinds of information, such as pricing, production and inventory, should not be exchanged with competitors, regardless of how innocent or casual the exchange may be and regardless of the setting, whether business or social.  Antitrust laws impose severe penalties for certain types of violations, potentially including millions of U.S. dollars&#x2019; worth of fines and damages, which may be tripled under certain circumstances, as well as criminal penalties.  You should promptly contact your manager or supervisor or the Compliance Officer with any questions relating to any potential antitrust issues.</font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:6.667%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">If the ethical or legal requirements of a situation are unclear or if you have any questions, please contact the Compliance Officer as soon as practicable.</font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <div style="display:flex;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0.0pt;min-width:0.5in;text-align:left;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;justify-content:flex-start;min-width:0.5in;">7.</font><div style="display:inline;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Diversity, Discrimination, Harassment and Retaliation</font></div></div>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:6.667%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">The diversity of the Company&#x2019;s employees is a tremendous asset.  We are firmly committed to providing equal opportunity in all aspects of employment and will not tolerate discrimination, harassment or retaliation based on race, color, age, gender (including gender identity and expression), sexual orientation, religion, marital status, national origin, ancestry, citizenship, physical or mental disability, genetic information, uniformed service, political viewpoint or veteran status.  This policy also prohibits discrimination against any person who provides information to a federal regulatory or law enforcement agency, a member of a legislative body or any committee thereof, or to a manager or supervisor concerning conduct that the employee reasonably believes constitutes a violation of securities laws or any provision of U.S. federal law relating to fraud against shareholders.  The Company also prohibits discriminatory harassment of any employee covered by the policy against discrimination.</font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:6.667%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">No director, officer or employee may retaliate against an individual for bringing a complaint of discrimination or for participating in an investigation or proceeding involving a</font><font style="color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:13.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:center;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">8</font></p>
  <hr style="page-break-after:always;">
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">complaint of discrimination.  Any person who participates in any retaliation is subject to disciplinary action, including termination.</font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:6.667%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Any employees involved in an investigation of a potential violation of this Code or other applicable law must not discuss with or disclose to any person not directly involved in conducting the investigation any information relating thereto unless otherwise required by applicable law.</font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:6.667%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">No one may take any retaliatory or other adverse action against any person for providing to a law enforcement officer any truthful information relating to the commission or possible commission of any federal offense.</font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <div style="display:flex;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0.0pt;min-width:0.5in;text-align:left;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;justify-content:flex-start;min-width:0.5in;">8.</font><div style="display:inline;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Health and Safety</font></div></div>
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  <p style="text-indent:6.667%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">The Company strives to provide each director, officer and employee with a safe and healthful work environment.  Each officer and employee has responsibility for maintaining a safe and healthy workplace for all directors, officers and employees by following safety and health rules and practices and reporting accidents, injuries and unsafe conditions.</font></p>
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  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <div style="display:flex;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0.0pt;min-width:0.5in;text-align:left;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;justify-content:flex-start;min-width:0.5in;">9.</font><div style="display:inline;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Record-Keeping</font></div></div>
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  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:6.667%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">The Company&#x2019;s books, records, accounts and financial statements are used and relied upon to create reports for management, stockholders, independent auditors, creditors, governmental agencies and others.  For example, the Company relies upon accounting and other corporate records in preparing periodic and current reports that are required to be filed with the SEC in the United States.  These reports must provide accurate and timely disclosure and fairly present the Company&#x2019;s corporate structure and its financial condition and results of operations.  Accordingly, the Company&#x2019;s books, records and accounts must be maintained in reasonable detail, must appropriately reflect the Company&#x2019;s transactions and must conform both to applicable legal requirements and to the Company&#x2019;s system of internal controls.  In furtherance of the foregoing, each director, officer and employee will (i) not take or authorize any action that would cause the</font><font style="color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:13.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:center;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">9</font></p>
  <hr style="page-break-after:always;">
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  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:6.667%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Business records and communications often become public, and we should avoid exaggeration, derogatory remarks, guesswork or inappropriate characterizations of people and companies that can be misunderstood.  This applies equally to emails, voicemails, text messages, internal memos and formal reports.  Records should always be retained or destroyed according to the Company&#x2019;s record retention policies.  In accordance with those policies, in the event of litigation or governmental investigation, please consult the Company&#x2019;s General Counsel.</font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <div style="display:flex;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0.0pt;min-width:0.5in;text-align:left;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;justify-content:flex-start;min-width:0.5in;">10.</font><div style="display:inline;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Confidentiality</font></div></div>
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  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:6.667%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Confidential information includes all non-public information related to the Company or its business, including information that might be of use to competitors or harmful to the Company or its customers, suppliers or business partners, if disclosed.  It also includes information that suppliers, customers and business partners have entrusted to us.  Upon terminating employment or service with the Company, directors, officers and employees must return all confidential or proprietary information in their possession.  The obligation to preserve confidential information continues even after employment or service on the Board ends.</font></p>
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  <p style="text-indent:6.667%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">All directors, officers and employees should also take care not to inadvertently disclose confidential information.  Materials that contain confidential information, such as memos, notebooks, computer disks, flash drives and laptop computers, should be stored securely.  It is important that all employees take necessary measures to ensure the security of their computer and voicemail passcodes.  Directors, officers and employees must be cautious when discussing sensitive information in public places like elevators, airports, restaurants and &#x201c;quasi-public&#x201d; areas within the Company, or in and around the Company&#x2019;s facilities.  All Company emails, voicemails, text messages and other communications are presumed confidential and should not be forwarded or otherwise disseminated outside of the Company, except where required for legitimate business purposes.  In addition to the above responsibilities, if a director, officer or employee is handling information protected by any privacy policy published by the Company, he or she must handle that information in accordance with the applicable policy.</font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:13.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:center;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">10</font></p>
  <hr style="page-break-after:always;">
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  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
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  <div style="margin-left:6.667%;display:flex;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0.0pt;min-width:0.30000000000000004in;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Symbol;display:inline-block;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Symbol;justify-content:flex-start;min-width:0.30000000000000004in;">&#xf0b7;</font><div style="display:inline;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">State that his or her social media postings are solely the opinions of the director or employee and not the Company;</font></div></div>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <div style="margin-left:6.667%;display:flex;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0.0pt;min-width:0.30000000000000004in;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Symbol;display:inline-block;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Symbol;justify-content:flex-start;min-width:0.30000000000000004in;">&#xf0b7;</font><div style="display:inline;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Take every possible precaution to ensure that he or she is not disclosing any confidential information about the Company or other third parties that do business with the Company; and</font></div></div>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <div style="margin-left:6.667%;display:flex;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0.0pt;min-width:0.30000000000000004in;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Symbol;display:inline-block;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Symbol;justify-content:flex-start;min-width:0.30000000000000004in;">&#xf0b7;</font><div style="display:inline;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Refrain from using the Company or third party logos or trademarks without prior written approval.</font></div></div>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <div style="display:flex;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0.0pt;min-width:0.5in;text-align:left;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;justify-content:flex-start;min-width:0.5in;">11.</font><div style="display:inline;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Protection and Proper Use of Company Assets</font></div></div>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:6.667%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">All directors, officers and employees should endeavor to protect the Company&#x2019;s assets and ensure their efficient use.  Theft, carelessness and waste have a direct impact on the Company&#x2019;s profitability.  Any suspected incident of fraud or theft should be immediately reported for investigation.</font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:6.667%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">The obligation of directors, officers and employees to protect the Company&#x2019;s assets includes the Company&#x2019;s proprietary information.  Proprietary information includes technology, intellectual property, research and development, business, marketing and service plans, records, salary information and any unpublished financial data and reports.  Unauthorized use or distribution of this information would violate Company policy.  It could also be illegal and result in civil or even criminal penalties.</font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:6.667%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">The Company&#x2019;s management has the right to access items or materials placed or kept within the Company&#x2019;s facilities, including telephone systems, office systems, electronic files, desks, other furniture, lockers or offices.  Personal items, messages or information that employees consider private and/or confidential should not be stored in the Company&#x2019;s workplace.  All emails, voicemails, computers and personal files stored on the Company&#x2019;s computers are the Company&#x2019;s</font><font style="color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:13.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:center;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">11</font></p>
  <hr style="page-break-after:always;">
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  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <div style="display:flex;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0.0pt;min-width:0.5in;text-align:left;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;justify-content:flex-start;min-width:0.5in;">12.</font><div style="display:inline;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">International Business Laws; Payments to Government Personnel and Foreign Operations</font></div></div>
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  <p style="text-indent:6.667%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">In addition, the Company expects its employees to comply with U.S. laws, rules and regulations governing the conduct of business by its citizens and corporations outside the United States, including the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA), which prohibits giving anything of value, directly or indirectly, to officials of foreign governments or foreign political candidates in order to obtain or retain business.  It is strictly prohibited to make illegal payments to government officials of any country.  In addition, the U.S. government has a number of laws and regulations regarding business gratuities and gifts that may be accepted by U.S. government personnel.  The promise, offer or delivery to an official or employee of the U.S. government of a gift, favor or other gratuity in violation of these rules would not only violate Company policy but could also be a criminal offense.  State and local governments, as well as foreign governments, may also have similar rules.  Additional discussion regarding restrictions on business gratuities and gifts is set forth in Section 4 of this Code.</font></p>
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  <p style="text-indent:6.667%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">U.S. law also prohibits U.S. companies, their subsidiaries and their employees from doing certain business with, or traveling to, certain countries subject to embargoes and sanctions imposed by the U.S. government (Cuba, Iran, North Korea, Sudan, Syria and Venezuela), as well as specific companies and individuals identified on lists published by the U.S. Treasury Department.  Similarly, U.S. law prohibits U.S. companies, their subsidiaries and their employees from cooperating with international boycotts which the U.S. government does not sanction and requires them to comply with applicable national and multinational export control laws.  The Company&#x2019;s General Counsel can provide guidance to you in these areas.</font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:6.667%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">In some countries, business practices are based on less stringent or different codes of conduct than the Company&#x2019;s.  For business dealings in such countries, this Code shall govern, unless variances by the employee&#x2019;s manager or supervisor, allowed by law and based on sound business judgment, have been approved in advance in writing by the Company.  Regardless, employees may never offer money, favors or anything else of value, whether directly or indirectly, to a governmental official in order to influence or reward a regulatory or other official decision.  If you are solicited for money, favors or anything else of value by or on behalf of a governmental</font><font style="color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:13.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:center;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">12</font></p>
  <hr style="page-break-after:always;">
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">official, you must report the incident immediately to your manager or supervisor and the General Counsel.</font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <div style="display:flex;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0.0pt;min-width:0.5in;text-align:left;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;justify-content:flex-start;min-width:0.5in;">13.</font><div style="display:inline;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Waivers of the Code of Business Conduct and Ethics</font></div></div>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:6.667%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Requests for a waiver of a provision of this Code of Conduct must be submitted in writing to the Compliance Officer for appropriate review, and an officer, director or appropriate Board committee will decide the outcome.  For conduct involving an executive officer or Board member, only the Board of Directors has the authority to waive a provision of this Code.  In addition, the Audit Committee must review and approve any &#x201c;related party&#x201d; transaction as defined in Item 404(a) of Regulation S-K under the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, before it is consummated.  In the event of an approved waiver involving the conduct of an executive officer or Board member, appropriate and prompt disclosure must be made to the Company&#x2019;s stockholders as and to the extent and in the manner required by applicable exchange listing standards or any other regulation.</font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <div style="display:flex;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0.0pt;min-width:0.5in;text-align:left;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;justify-content:flex-start;min-width:0.5in;">14.</font><div style="display:inline;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Personal Responsibility</font></div></div>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:6.667%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">We must all work to ensure prompt and consistent action in the event of potential violations of this Code.  However, in some situations it is difficult to know right from wrong.  Since we cannot anticipate every situation that will arise, it is important that we have a way to approach a new question or problem.  These are the steps to keep in mind:</font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <div style="margin-left:6.667%;display:flex;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0.0pt;min-width:0.30000000000000004in;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Symbol;display:inline-block;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Symbol;justify-content:flex-start;min-width:0.30000000000000004in;">&#xf0b7;</font><div style="display:inline;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;text-decoration:underline;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Make sure you have all the facts</font><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">.  In order to reach the right solutions, we must be as fully informed as possible.</font></div></div>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <div style="margin-left:6.667%;display:flex;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0.0pt;min-width:0.30000000000000004in;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Symbol;display:inline-block;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Symbol;justify-content:flex-start;min-width:0.30000000000000004in;">&#xf0b7;</font><div style="display:inline;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;text-decoration:underline;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Ask yourself:  What specifically am I being asked to do?  Does it seem unethical, illegal or improper</font><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">?  This will enable you to focus on the specific question you are faced with, and the alternatives you have.  Use your judgment and common sense; if something seems unethical, illegal or improper, it probably is.</font></div></div>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <div style="margin-left:6.667%;display:flex;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0.0pt;min-width:0.30000000000000004in;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Symbol;display:inline-block;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Symbol;justify-content:flex-start;min-width:0.30000000000000004in;">&#xf0b7;</font><div style="display:inline;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;text-decoration:underline;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Clarify your responsibility and role</font><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">.  In most situations, there is shared responsibility.  Are your colleagues informed?  It may help to get others involved and discuss the problem.</font></div></div>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <div style="margin-left:6.667%;display:flex;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0.0pt;min-width:0.30000000000000004in;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Symbol;display:inline-block;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Symbol;justify-content:flex-start;min-width:0.30000000000000004in;">&#xf0b7;</font><div style="display:inline;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;text-decoration:underline;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Discuss the problem with your manager or supervisor</font><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">.  This is the basic guidance for all situations.  In many cases, your manager or supervisor will be more knowledgeable about the question, and will appreciate being brought into the decision-making process.  Remember that it is your manager or supervisor&#x2019;s responsibility to help solve problems.</font></div></div>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <div style="margin-left:6.667%;display:flex;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0.0pt;min-width:0.30000000000000004in;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Symbol;display:inline-block;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Symbol;justify-content:flex-start;min-width:0.30000000000000004in;">&#xf0b7;</font><div style="display:inline;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;text-decoration:underline;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Seek help from Company resources</font><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">.  In the rare case where it may not be appropriate to discuss an issue with your manager or supervisor, or where you do not feel comfortable approaching your manager or supervisor with your question or are not satisfied with your manager or supervisor&#x2019;s response, with the Vice President, Human Resources or Compliance Officer.</font></div></div>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:13.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:center;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">13</font></p>
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  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <div style="margin-left:6.667%;display:flex;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0.0pt;min-width:0.30000000000000004in;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Symbol;display:inline-block;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Symbol;justify-content:flex-start;min-width:0.30000000000000004in;">&#xf0b7;</font><div style="display:inline;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;text-decoration:underline;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">You may report Code violations in confidence and without fear of retaliation</font><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">.  If your situation requires that your identity be kept secret, your anonymity will be protected, to the extent reasonably possible within the objectives of the Code and subject to applicable law, regulation or legal proceedings. The Company does not permit retaliation of any kind against directors, officers or employees for good faith reports of Code violations.</font></div></div>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <div style="margin-left:6.667%;display:flex;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0.0pt;min-width:0.30000000000000004in;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Symbol;display:inline-block;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Symbol;justify-content:flex-start;min-width:0.30000000000000004in;">&#xf0b7;</font><div style="display:inline;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;text-decoration:underline;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Always ask first, act later</font><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">.  If you are unsure of what to do in any situation, seek guidance before you act.</font></div></div>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <div style="display:flex;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0.0pt;min-width:0.5in;text-align:left;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;justify-content:flex-start;min-width:0.5in;">15.</font><div style="display:inline;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Reporting/Investigation Procedures</font></div></div>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:6.667%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Any director, officer or employee who reasonably believes that there has been a material violation of this Code of Conduct should report it immediately to the Compliance Officer.  If a director, officer or employee feels uncomfortable speaking with the Compliance Officer, he or she should contact the Chief Executive Officer.  The Compliance Officer (or his or her designee) will promptly investigate the matter.  The investigation will be handled discreetly and appropriately, and the information will be disclosed to others only on a need-to-know basis and as required by law.  There will be no retaliatory or other adverse action taken against a director, officer or employee who reports violations of this Code of Conduct in good faith or who participates in the investigation.  If the investigation leads to a conclusion that a material violation of this Code of Conduct has occurred, the Company will take appropriate corrective action, which may include removal from a position as director or officer or dismissal as an employee of the Company.</font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:6.667%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">The Company recognizes the potentially serious impact of a false accusation.  As part of the ethical standards required by this Code of Conduct, directors, officers and employees are expected to act responsibly in making complaints.  Making a complaint without a good faith basis is itself an ethical violation.  Any director, officer or employee who makes a complaint in bad faith will be subject to appropriate corrective action including dismissal.</font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <div style="display:flex;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0.0pt;min-width:0.5in;text-align:left;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;justify-content:flex-start;min-width:0.5in;">16.</font><div style="display:inline;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Procedures for Submitting Confidential, Anonymous Complaints Regarding Accounting and Auditing Matters</font></div></div>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:6.667%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">As an alternative to the procedures defined in Section 15 of this Code, any director, officer or employee who reasonably believes that there has been a material violation of this Code of Conduct caused by questionable accounting, financial or auditing matters, disclosure matters, potential violations of securities laws or fraud against stockholders, has the right to submit a confidential, anonymous complaint to the Company.  This includes but is not limited to violations relating to the award performance or closeout of a contract or subcontractor where there is credible evidence of (a) a violation of federal criminal law involving fraud, conflict of interest, bribery or gratuity as set forth in Title 18 of the United States Code, (b) a violation of the U.S. Civil False Claims Act, or (c) significant over-payment on a contract.  The complaint should be made in written form and provide sufficient information so that a reasonable investigation can be conducted.  Additional information concerning the procedures to be followed for this type of</font><font style="color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;"> </font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:13.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:center;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">14</font></p>
  <hr style="page-break-after:always;">
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">complaint is set forth in the Company&#x2019;s Audit Committee Procedures for Reporting and Investigating Complaints.</font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <div style="display:flex;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0.0pt;min-width:0.5in;text-align:left;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;display:inline-block;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;justify-content:flex-start;min-width:0.5in;">17.</font><div style="display:inline;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">Violations of the Code of Business Conduct and Ethics</font></div></div>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">&#160;</font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:6.667%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:1.3;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:justify;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">In the event of violations of this Code of Conduct, the Company shall, in compliance with applicable law, take actions reasonably designed to deter wrongdoing and to promote accountability for adherence to this Code, which can include written notices to the individuals involved in a violation, censure by the Company&#x2019;s Board of Directors, demotion or re-assignment of the individual involved, suspension with or without pay or benefits (as determined by the Board) and termination of the individual&#x2019;s employment or service as a director.  In determining what action is appropriate in a particular case, the Company shall take into account all relevant information, including the nature and severity of the violation, whether the violation was a single occurrence or repeated occurrences, whether the violation appears to have been intentional or inadvertent, whether the individual in question had been advised prior to the violation as to the proper course of action and whether or not the individual in question had committed other violations in the past.  In the case of a violation by a director or executive officer of the Company, the occurrence of the violation and any actions to be taken by the Company in response to such actions shall be subject to approval by the Board of Directors.</font></p>
  <p style="text-indent:0.0%;font-size:10.0pt;margin-top:0.0pt;line-height:13.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.0pt;text-align:center;"><font style="background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);color:rgba(0,0,0,1);white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:normal;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Times New Roman;">15</font></p>
  <hr style="page-break-after:always;">
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.SCH
<SEQUENCE>3
<FILENAME>osur-20211108.xsd
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION SCHEMA DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="US-ASCII"?>
<!-- DFIN New ActiveDisclosure (SM) XBRL Schema Document - http://www.dfinsolutions.com/ -->
<!-- Creation Date :2021-11-10T15:21:15.0736+00:00 -->
<!-- Copyright (c) 2021 Donnelly Financial Solutions, Inc. All Rights Reserved. -->
<xsd:schema targetNamespace="http://www.orasure.com/20211108" attributeFormDefault="unqualified" elementFormDefault="qualified" xmlns:enum2="http://xbrl.org/2020/extensible-enumerations-2.0" xmlns:osur="http://www.orasure.com/20211108" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:us-gaap="http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2021-01-31" xmlns:dei="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021" xmlns:xbrldt="http://xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt" xmlns:xbrli="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
  <xsd:import schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-instance-2003-12-31.xsd" namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance"/>
  <xsd:import schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd" namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase"/>
  <xsd:import schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt-2005.xsd" namespace="http://xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt"/>
  <xsd:import schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021/dei-2021.xsd" namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021"/>
  <xsd:import schemaLocation="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2021/elts/us-gaap-2021-01-31.xsd" namespace="http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2021-01-31"/>
  <xsd:annotation>
    <xsd:appinfo>
      <link:linkbaseRef xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:href="osur-20211108_lab.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/labelLinkbaseRef" xlink:title="Labels link" xlink:type="simple"/>
      <link:linkbaseRef xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:href="osur-20211108_pre.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationLinkbaseRef" xlink:title="Presentation link" xlink:type="simple"/>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.orasure.com/20211108/taxonomy/role/DocumentDocumentAndEntityInformation" id="DocumentDocumentAndEntityInformation">
        <link:definition>100000 - Document - Document and Entity Information</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
    </xsd:appinfo>
  </xsd:annotation>
</xsd:schema>
</XBRL>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.LAB
<SEQUENCE>4
<FILENAME>osur-20211108_lab.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION LABEL LINKBASE DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="US-ASCII"?>
<!-- DFIN New ActiveDisclosure (SM) XBRL Linkbase Document - http://www.dfinsolutions.com/ -->
<!-- Creation Date :2021-11-10T15:21:15.2430+00:00 -->
<!-- Copyright (c) 2021 Donnelly Financial Solutions, Inc. All Rights Reserved. -->
<link:linkbase xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
  <link:labelLink xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/link" xlink:title="labelLink" xlink:type="extended">
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021/dei-2021.xsd#dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:label="dei_SecurityExchangeName"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021/dei-2021.xsd#dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:label="dei_TradingSymbol"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021/dei-2021.xsd#dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:label="dei_Security12bTitle"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021/dei-2021.xsd#dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021/dei-2021.xsd#dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021/dei-2021.xsd#dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:label="dei_SolicitingMaterial"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021/dei-2021.xsd#dei_WrittenCommunications" xlink:label="dei_WrittenCommunications"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021/dei-2021.xsd#dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:label="dei_LocalPhoneNumber"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021/dei-2021.xsd#dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:label="dei_CityAreaCode"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021/dei-2021.xsd#dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021/dei-2021.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021/dei-2021.xsd#dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021/dei-2021.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021/dei-2021.xsd#dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:label="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021/dei-2021.xsd#dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:label="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021/dei-2021.xsd#dei_EntityFileNumber" xlink:label="dei_EntityFileNumber"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021/dei-2021.xsd#dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:label="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021/dei-2021.xsd#dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:label="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021/dei-2021.xsd#dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:label="dei_EntityRegistrantName"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021/dei-2021.xsd#dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021/dei-2021.xsd#dei_AmendmentFlag" xlink:label="dei_AmendmentFlag"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021/dei-2021.xsd#dei_DocumentType" xlink:label="dei_DocumentType"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021/dei-2021.xsd#dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:label="dei_CoverAbstract"/>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_SecurityExchangeName_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Security Exchange Name</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Trading Symbol</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_Security12bTitle_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Title of 12(b) Security</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Pre-commencement Tender Offer</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_SolicitingMaterial_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Soliciting Material</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_WrittenCommunications_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Written Communications</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_LocalPhoneNumber_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Local Phone Number</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_CityAreaCode_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">City Area Code</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Address, City or Town</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Address, State or Province</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Address, Address Line One</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Tax Identification Number</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityFileNumber_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity File Number</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Emerging Growth Company</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Central Index Key</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityRegistrantName_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Registrant Name</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Document Period End Date</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_AmendmentFlag_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Amendment Flag</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_DocumentType_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Document Type</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_CoverAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Cover [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:to="dei_SecurityExchangeName_lbl"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:to="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:to="dei_Security12bTitle_lbl"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:to="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_lbl"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:to="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_lbl"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:to="dei_SolicitingMaterial_lbl"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_WrittenCommunications" xlink:to="dei_WrittenCommunications_lbl"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:to="dei_LocalPhoneNumber_lbl"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:to="dei_CityAreaCode_lbl"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_lbl"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_lbl"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_lbl"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_lbl"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:to="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_lbl"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:to="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_lbl"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityFileNumber" xlink:to="dei_EntityFileNumber_lbl"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:to="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_lbl"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:to="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_lbl"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:to="dei_EntityRegistrantName_lbl"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:to="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_lbl"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_AmendmentFlag" xlink:to="dei_AmendmentFlag_lbl"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentType" xlink:to="dei_DocumentType_lbl"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_CoverAbstract_lbl"/>
  </link:labelLink>
</link:linkbase>
</XBRL>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.PRE
<SEQUENCE>5
<FILENAME>osur-20211108_pre.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION PRESENTATION LINKBASE DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="US-ASCII"?>
<!-- DFIN New ActiveDisclosure (SM) XBRL Linkbase Document - http://www.dfinsolutions.com/ -->
<!-- Creation Date :2021-11-10T15:21:15.3127+00:00 -->
<!-- Copyright (c) 2021 Donnelly Financial Solutions, Inc. All Rights Reserved. -->
<link:linkbase xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
  <link:roleRef roleURI="http://www.orasure.com/20211108/taxonomy/role/DocumentDocumentAndEntityInformation" xlink:href="osur-20211108.xsd#DocumentDocumentAndEntityInformation" xlink:type="simple"/>
  <link:presentationLink xlink:role="http://www.orasure.com/20211108/taxonomy/role/DocumentDocumentAndEntityInformation" xlink:title="presentationLink" xlink:type="extended">
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021/dei-2021.xsd#dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:label="dei_CoverAbstract"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021/dei-2021.xsd#dei_DocumentType" xlink:label="dei_DocumentType"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021/dei-2021.xsd#dei_AmendmentFlag" xlink:label="dei_AmendmentFlag"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021/dei-2021.xsd#dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate"/>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021/dei-2021.xsd#dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:label="dei_EntityRegistrantName"/>
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<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
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							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
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</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.21.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140609239166792">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Document and Entity Information<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Nov. 08, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CoverAbstract', window );"><strong>Cover [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentType', window );">Document Type</a></td>
<td class="text">8-K<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_AmendmentFlag', window );">Amendment Flag</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate', window );">Document Period End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">Nov.  08,  2021<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName', window );">Entity Registrant Name</a></td>
<td class="text">OraSure Technologies, Inc.<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey', window );">Entity Central Index Key</a></td>
<td class="text">0001116463<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany', window );">Entity Emerging Growth Company</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityFileNumber', window );">Entity File Number</a></td>
<td class="text">001-16537<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode', window );">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</a></td>
<td class="text">DE<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber', window );">Entity Tax Identification Number</a></td>
<td class="text">36-4370966<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1', window );">Entity Address, Address Line One</a></td>
<td class="text">220 East First Street<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown', window );">Entity Address, City or Town</a></td>
<td class="text">Bethlehem<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince', window );">Entity Address, State or Province</a></td>
<td class="text">PA<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode', window );">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</a></td>
<td class="text">18015-1360<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CityAreaCode', window );">City Area Code</a></td>
<td class="text">610<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber', window );">Local Phone Number</a></td>
<td class="text">882-1820<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_WrittenCommunications', window );">Written Communications</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial', window );">Soliciting Material</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_Security12bTitle', window );">Title of 12(b) Security</a></td>
<td class="text">Common Stock, $0.000001 par value per share<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_TradingSymbol', window );">Trading Symbol</a></td>
<td class="text">OSUR<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName', window );">Security Exchange Name</a></td>
<td class="text">NASDAQ<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_AmendmentFlag">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the XBRL content amends previously-filed or accepted submission.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_AmendmentFlag</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CityAreaCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Area code of city</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CityAreaCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CoverAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Cover page.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CoverAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>For the EDGAR submission types of Form 8-K: the date of the report, the date of the earliest event reported; for the EDGAR submission types of Form N-1A: the filing date; for all other submission types: the end of the reporting or transition period.  The format of the date is YYYY-MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentType">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The type of document being provided (such as 10-K, 10-Q, 485BPOS, etc). The document type is limited to the same value as the supporting SEC submission type, or the word 'Other'.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:submissionTypeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Address Line 1 such as Attn, Building Name, Street Name</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the City or Town</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Code for the postal or zip code</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the state or province.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:stateOrProvinceItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCentralIndexKey</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:centralIndexKeyItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate if registrant meets the emerging growth company criteria.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityFileNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Commission file number. The field allows up to 17 characters. The prefix may contain 1-3 digits, the sequence number may contain 1-8 digits, the optional suffix may contain 1-4 characters, and the fields are separated with a hyphen.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityFileNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:fileNumberItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Two-character EDGAR code representing the state or country of incorporation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarStateCountryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityRegistrantName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The Tax Identification Number (TIN), also known as an Employer Identification Number (EIN), is a unique 9-digit value assigned by the IRS.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:employerIdItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Local phone number for entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LocalPhoneNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 13e<br> -Subsection 4c<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 14d<br> -Subsection 2b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_Security12bTitle">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Title of a 12(b) registered security.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_Security12bTitle</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:securityTitleItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the Exchange on which a security is registered.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection d1-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SecurityExchangeName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarExchangeCodeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Section 14a<br> -Number 240<br> -Subsection 12<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SolicitingMaterial</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Trading symbol of an instrument as listed on an exchange.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_TradingSymbol</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:tradingSymbolItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_WrittenCommunications">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Securities Act<br> -Number 230<br> -Section 425<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_WrittenCommunications</td>
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<td>dei_</td>
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<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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end
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
</SEC-DOCUMENT>
