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Note 1 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Notes Tables

Schedule of Regulatory Assets and Liabilities [Table Text Block]

		September 30
		2024				2023
Assets:
Current Assets:
Regulatory assets:
Accrued WNA revenues		$	919,375			$	414,689
Under-recovery of gas costs			2,690,247				1,383,340
Under-recovery of RNG revenues			1,331,064				797,804
Under-recovery of SAVE Plan revenues			107,678				—
Accrued pension			42,785				243,017
Other deferred expenses			12,761				15,426
Total current			5,103,910				2,854,276
Other Non-Current Assets:
Regulatory assets:
Premium on early retirement of debt			1,141,872				1,256,059
Accrued pension			2,998,881				3,786,265
Other deferred expenses			304,291				347,121
Total non-current			4,445,044				5,389,445
Total regulatory assets		$	9,548,954			$	8,243,721
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity:
Current Liabilities:
Regulatory liabilities:
Over-recovery of SAVE Plan revenues		$	—			$	146,861
Rate refund			37,500				652,018
Deferred income taxes			591,764				527,034
Supplier refunds			30,556				275,649
Other deferred liabilities			174,458				31,154
Total current			834,278				1,632,716
Deferred Credits and Non-Current Other Liabilities:
Regulatory cost of retirement obligations			14,409,847				13,029,376
Regulatory liabilities:
Deferred income taxes			15,468,096				16,249,776
Deferred postretirement medical			3,858,471				1,781,917
Total non-current			33,736,414				31,061,069
Total regulatory liabilities		$	34,570,692			$	32,693,785

Public Utility Property, Plant, and Equipment [Table Text Block]

		September 30
		2024				2023
Distribution and transmission		$	312,999,348			$	286,200,652
LNG storage			15,437,447				15,407,053
General and miscellaneous			17,427,213				16,762,186
Total utility property in service		$	345,864,008			$	318,369,891

Schedule of Change in Asset Retirement Obligation [Table Text Block]

		Years Ended September 30
		2024				2023
Beginning balance		$	10,792,831			$	10,204,079
Liabilities incurred			86,483				91,670
Liabilities settled			(168,913	)			(180,865	)
Accretion			582,383				677,947
Revisions to estimates and other			(150,689	)			—
Ending balance		$	11,142,095			$	10,792,831

Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Table Text Block]

		Years Ended September 30
		2024				2023
Beginning balance		$	155,164			$	371,271
Provision for credit losses			110,676				54,211
Recoveries of accounts written off			173,660				181,676
Accounts written off			(286,153	)			(451,994	)
Ending balance		$	153,347			$	155,164

Schedule of Earnings Per Share, Basic and Diluted [Table Text Block]

		Years Ended September 30
		2024				2023
Net income		$	11,760,896			$	11,299,282
Weighted-average common shares			10,152,909				9,922,701
Effect of dilutive securities:
Options to purchase common stock			3,571				4,456
Diluted average common shares			10,156,480				9,927,157
Earnings per share of common stock:
Basic		$	1.16			$	1.14
Diluted		$	1.16			$	1.14

Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Table Text Block]

						Tax
		Before Tax				(Expense)				Net of Tax
		Amount				or Benefit				Amount
Year Ended September 30, 2024:
Interest rate swaps:
Unrealized losses		$	(554,778	)		$	142,800			$	(411,978	)
Transfer of realized gains to interest expense			(2,000,126	)			514,831				(1,485,295	)
Net interest rate swaps			(2,554,904	)			657,631				(1,897,273	)
Defined benefit plans:
Net gains arising during period			1,233,462				(317,492	)			915,970
Amortization of actuarial losses			73,505				(18,920	)			54,585
Net defined benefit plans			1,306,967				(336,412	)			970,555
Other comprehensive loss		$	(1,247,937	)		$	321,219			$	(926,718	)
Year Ended September 30, 2023:
Interest rate swaps:
Unrealized gains		$	1,560,426			$	(401,652	)		$	1,158,774
Transfer of realized gains to interest expense			(1,741,437	)			448,244				(1,293,193	)
Net interest rate swaps			(181,011	)			46,592				(134,419	)
Defined benefit plans:
Net gains arising during period			491,270				(126,453	)			364,817
Amortization of actuarial losses			78,813				(20,286	)			58,527
Net defined benefit plans			570,083				(146,739	)			423,344
Other comprehensive income		$	389,072			$	(100,147	)		$	288,925

Schedule of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Table Text Block]

		Interest Rate Swaps				Defined Benefit Plans				Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Balance September 30, 2022		$	3,563,341			$	(1,598,977	)		$	1,964,364
Other comprehensive income (loss)			(134,419	)			423,344				288,925
Balance September 30, 2023			3,428,922				(1,175,633	)			2,253,289
Other comprehensive income (loss)			(1,897,273	)			970,555				(926,718	)
Balance September 30, 2024		$	1,531,649			$	(205,078	)		$	1,326,571

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