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Restructuring and Business Realignment
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]  
Restructuring and Business Realignment Restructuring and Business Realignment
On May 19, 2020, the Company committed to the strategic exit of its Control Devices particulate matter (“PM”) sensor product line. The decision to exit the PM sensor product line was made after consideration of the decline in the market outlook for diesel passenger vehicles, the current and expected profitability of the product line and the Company’s strategic focus on aligning resources with the greatest opportunities. In conjunction with the strategic exit of the PM sensor product line, the Company entered into an asset purchase agreement related to the sale of the PM sensor product line during the first quarter of 2021. Refer to Note 2 of the consolidated financial statements for additional details regarding this sale.
As a result of the PM sensor restructuring actions, the Company recognized expense of $0, $2,360 and $3,428 for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively, for non-cash fixed asset charges, including impairment and accelerated depreciation of PM sensor related fixed assets, employee severance and termination costs and other related costs including supplier settlements. For the year ended December 31, 2021 restructuring related costs of $1,510, $642 and $208 were recognized in COGS, SG&A and D&D, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2020 restructuring related costs of $817 and $2,611 were recognized in COGS and SG&A, respectively. The only remaining costs relate to potential commercial settlements and legal fees which we continue to negotiate. The estimated additional costs related to these settlements and fees is up to $4,200.
The expenses for the exit of the PM sensor line that relate to the Control Devices reportable segment include the following:
Utilization
Accrual as of January 1, 20222022 Charge
to Expense		CashNon-CashAccrual as of December 31, 2022
Employee termination benefits$35 $— $(35)$— $— 
Other related costs— — — — — 
Total$35 $— $(35)$— $— 
Utilization
Accrual as of January 1, 20212021 Charge
to Expense		CashNon-CashAccrual as of December 31, 2021
Fixed asset impairment and accelerated depreciation$— $188 $— $(188)$— 
Employee termination benefits— 139 (104)— 35 
Other related costs— 2,033 (2,033)— — 
Total$— $2,360 $(2,137)$(188)$35 
Utilization
Accrual as of
January 1, 2020		2020 Charge
to Expense		CashNon-CashAccrual as of December 31, 2020
Fixed asset impairment and accelerated depreciation$— $3,326 $— $(3,326)$— 
Other related costs— 102 (102)— — 
Total$— $3,428 $(102)$(3,326)$— 
On January 10, 2019, the Company committed to a restructuring plan that resulted in the closure of the Canton, Massachusetts facility (“Canton Facility”) on March 31, 2020 and the consolidation of manufacturing operations at that site into other Company locations (“Canton Restructuring”). Company management informed employees at the Canton Facility of this restructuring decision on January 11, 2019. The costs for the Canton Restructuring included employee severance and termination costs, contract terminations costs, professional fees and other related costs such as moving and set-up costs for equipment and costs to restore the engineering function previously located at the Canton facility.
As a result of the Canton Restructuring actions, the Company recognized expense of $0, $13 and $2,978 for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively, for employee severance and termination costs and other restructuring related costs. For the year ended December 31, 2021 severance and other restructuring related costs of $13 were recognized in D&D in the consolidated statement of operations. For the year ended December 31, 2020 severance and other related restructuring costs of $1,659, $551 and $768 were recognized in COGS, SG&A and D&D, respectively, in the consolidated statement of operations. We do not expect to incur additional costs related to the Canton Restructuring. Refer to Note 7 and Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements for additional details regarding the third-party lease and sale, respectively, of the Canton Facility.
The expenses for the Canton Restructuring that relate to the Control Devices reportable segment include the following:
Utilization
Accrual as of January 1, 20222022 Charge
to Expense		CashNon-CashAccrual as of December 31, 2022
Employee termination benefits$93 $— $(93)$— $— 
Other related costs— — — — — 
Total$93 $— $(93)$— $— 
Utilization
Accrual as of January 1, 20212021 Charge
to Expense		CashNon-CashAccrual as of December 31, 2021
Employee termination benefits$165 $— $(72)$— $93 
Other related costs— 13 (13)— — 
Total$165 $13 $(85)$— $93 
Utilization
Accrual as of January 1, 20202020 Charge
to Expense		CashNon-CashAccrual as of December 31, 2020
Employee termination benefits$2,636 $1,119 $(3,590)$— $165 
Other related costs— 1,859 (1,859)— — 
Total$2,636 $2,978 $(5,449)$— $165 
In the fourth quarter of 2018, the Company undertook restructuring actions for the Electronics segment affecting the European Aftermarket business and China operations. In the second quarter of 2020, the Company finalized plans to move its European Aftermarket sales activities in Dundee, Scotland to a new location which resulted in incurring contract termination costs as well as employee severance and termination costs. In addition, the Company announced a restructuring program to transfer the European production of its controls product line to China. As a result of these actions, the Company recognized expense of $0, $290 and $2,400 respectively, for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 for employee severance and termination costs, non-cash fixed asset charges for accelerated depreciation of fixed assets, contract termination costs and other related costs. Electronics segment restructuring costs recognized in COGS,
SG&A and D&D in the consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2021 were $37, $210 and $43, respectively. Electronics segment restructuring costs recognized in COGS, SG&A and D&D in the consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2020 were $147, $1,774 and $479, respectively. We do not expect to incur additional costs related to these Electronics segment restructuring actions.
The expenses for the restructuring activities that relate to the Electronics reportable segment include the following:
Utilization
Accrual as of January 1, 20212021 Charge
to Expense		CashNon-CashAccrual as of December 31, 2021
Employee termination benefits$227 $50 $(277)$— $— 
Other related costs— 240 (240)— — 
Total$227 $290 $(517)$— $— 
Utilization
Accrual as of January 1, 20202020 Charge
to Expense		CashNon-CashAccrual as of December 31, 2020
Employee termination benefits$52 $1,034 $(859)$— $227 
Contract termination costs— 452 (452)— — 
Other related costs— 914 (914)— — 
Total$52 $2,400 $(2,225)$— $227 
In addition to the specific restructuring activities, the Company regularly evaluates the performance of its businesses and cost structures, including personnel, and makes necessary changes thereto in order to optimize its results. The Company also evaluates the required skill sets of its personnel and periodically makes strategic changes. As a consequence of these actions, the Company incurs severance related costs which are referred to as business realignment charges.
Business realignment charges by reportable segment were as follows:
Year ended December 31,202220212020
Control Devices (A)
$— $192 $1,752 
Electronics (B)
— 3 1,690 
Stoneridge Brazil (C)
98 59 234 
Unallocated Corporate (D)
190 1,138 361 
Total business realignment charges$288 $1,392 $4,037 
_____________________________
(A)Severance costs for the year ended December 31, 2021 related to SG&A were $192. Severance costs for the year ended December 31, 2020 related to COGS, D&D and SG&A were $724, $283 and $745 respectively.
(B)Severance costs (benefit) for the year ended December 31, 2021 related to COGS, SG&A and D&D were $1, $(7) and $9, respectively. Severance costs for the year ended December 31, 2020 related to COGS, D&D and SG&A were $383, $402 and $905 respectively.
(C)Severance costs for the year ended December 31, 2022 related to SG&A were $98. Severance costs for the year ended December 31, 2021 related to COGS and SG&A were $7 and $52, respectively. Severance costs for the year ended December 31, 2020 related to COGS and SG&A were $124 and $110, respectively.
(D)Severance costs for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 related to SG&A were $190, $1,138 and $361, respectively.
Business realignment charges classified by statement of operations line item were as follows:
Year ended December 31,202220212020
Cost of goods sold$— $8 $1,231 
Selling, general and administrative288 1,375 2,121 
Design and development— 9 685 
Total business realignment charges$288 $1,392 $4,037