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Investments in Privately-held Companies - Minority Investment Entities (Details) | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2018 USD ($) entity | Dec. 31, 2018 USD ($) company | Dec. 31, 2018 USD ($) | Dec. 31, 2017 USD ($) | Dec. 31, 2016 USD ($)
Summarized income information of all the minority investment entities that are not consolidated and accounted for under the equity method [Abstract] |  |  |  |  |
Net (loss) |  |  | $ (1,600,000) | $ (900,000) | $ (1,200,000)
Minority investment entities |  |  |  |  |
Minority investments not consolidated accounted for under equity method | 7 | 7 |  |  |
AXT, Inc. Stockholders' Equity |  |  |  |  |
Summarized income information of all the minority investment entities that are not consolidated and accounted for under the equity method [Abstract] |  |  |  |  |
Net revenue |  |  | 8,549,000 | 6,152,000 | 6,124,000
Gross profit (loss) |  |  | 1,675,000 | 482,000 | (511,000)
Operating (loss) |  |  | (778,000) | (938,000) | (1,724,000)
Net (loss) |  |  | (1,080,000) | (1,381,000) | (1,891,000)
Seven Minority Investments |  |  |  |  |
Summarized income information of all the minority investment entities that are not consolidated and accounted for under the equity method [Abstract] |  |  |  |  |
Net revenue |  |  | 33,212,000 | 24,053,000 | 23,266,000
Gross profit (loss) |  |  | 6,457,000 | 1,739,000 | (2,191,000)
Operating (loss) |  |  | (3,152,000) | (3,676,000) | (6,869,000)
Net (loss) |  |  | (4,750,000) | (4,798,000) | (7,428,000)
Summarized balance sheet information of all the minority investment entities that are not consolidated and accounted for under the equity method [Abstract] |  |  |  |  |
Current assets | $ 31,525,000 | $ 31,525,000 | 31,525,000 | 33,415,000 |
Noncurrent assets | 26,889,000 | 26,889,000 | 26,889,000 | 28,964,000 |
Current liabilities | 24,670,000 | 24,670,000 | 24,670,000 | 27,274,000 |
Noncurrent liabilities | $ 112,000 | $ 112,000 | 112,000 | 180,000 |
Minority investment entities |  |  |  |  |
Entity (loss) excluding impairment |  |  | (1,100,000) | (1,400,000) | (2,000,000)
Minority Investment Entities [Member] |  |  |  |  |
Minority investment entities |  |  |  |  |
Dividends received |  |  | 0 | 0 | $ 0
Undistributed retained earnings |  |  | $ 2,500,000 | $ 3,600,000 |

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