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Investments in Privately-held Companies - Minority Investment Entities (Details)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2018
USD ($)
entity
Dec. 31, 2018
USD ($)
company
Dec. 31, 2018
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2017
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2016
USD ($)
Summarized income information of all the minority investment entities that are not consolidated and accounted for under the equity method [Abstract]          
Net (loss)     $ (1,600,000) $ (900,000) $ (1,200,000)
Minority investment entities          
Minority investments not consolidated accounted for under equity method 7 7      
AXT, Inc. Stockholders' Equity          
Summarized income information of all the minority investment entities that are not consolidated and accounted for under the equity method [Abstract]          
Net revenue     8,549,000 6,152,000 6,124,000
Gross profit (loss)     1,675,000 482,000 (511,000)
Operating (loss)     (778,000) (938,000) (1,724,000)
Net (loss)     (1,080,000) (1,381,000) (1,891,000)
Seven Minority Investments          
Summarized income information of all the minority investment entities that are not consolidated and accounted for under the equity method [Abstract]          
Net revenue     33,212,000 24,053,000 23,266,000
Gross profit (loss)     6,457,000 1,739,000 (2,191,000)
Operating (loss)     (3,152,000) (3,676,000) (6,869,000)
Net (loss)     (4,750,000) (4,798,000) (7,428,000)
Summarized balance sheet information of all the minority investment entities that are not consolidated and accounted for under the equity method [Abstract]          
Current assets $ 31,525,000 $ 31,525,000 31,525,000 33,415,000  
Noncurrent assets 26,889,000 26,889,000 26,889,000 28,964,000  
Current liabilities 24,670,000 24,670,000 24,670,000 27,274,000  
Noncurrent liabilities $ 112,000 $ 112,000 112,000 180,000  
Minority investment entities          
Entity (loss) excluding impairment     (1,100,000) (1,400,000) (2,000,000)
Minority Investment Entities [Member]          
Minority investment entities          
Dividends received     0 0 $ 0
Undistributed retained earnings     $ 2,500,000 $ 3,600,000