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Income Taxes (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Income Taxes

Components of the provision (benefits) for income taxes

The components of the provision for income taxes are summarized below (in thousands):

		Year Ended December 31,
		2019			2018			2017
Current:
Federal		$	—		$	—		$	—
State			27			5			2
Foreign			535			933			790
Total current			562			938			792
Deferred:
Federal			—			—			—
State			—			—			—
Total deferred			—			—			—
Total provision for income taxes		$	562		$	938		$	792

Reconciliation of the effective income tax rates and the U.S. statutory federal income tax rate

		Year Ended December 31,
		2019		2018		2017
Statutory federal income tax rate		21.0	%	21.0	%	35.0	%
State income taxes, net of federal tax benefits		(2.1)		—		—
Valuation allowance		(173.0)		(2.6)		(139.5)
Rate change		—		—		100.8
Stock-based compensation		(21.8)		0.3		(10.4)
Foreign tax rate differential		137.7		(11.4)		(10.3)
Foreign tax incentives		32.2		(2.9)		(7.0)
Foreign income inclusion		—		2.6		55.6
Section 78 gross up		—		—		11.7
Foreign tax credit		—		—		(30.6)
Tax effect in equity method loss or gain from unconsolidated affiliates		(47.8)		3.2		2.9
Foreign-derived intangible income		—		(2.4)		—
Other		(1.0)		0.1		(0.9)
Effective tax rate		(54.8)	%	7.9	%	7.3	%

Deferred tax assets and liabilities

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are summarized below (in thousands):

		As of December 31,
		2019			2018
Deferred tax assets:
Net operating loss carryforwards		$	14,979		$	15,735
Accruals, reserves and other			3,011			2,100
Credit carryforwards			1,685			1,685
Operating lease liability			209			—
Gross deferred tax assets			19,884			19,520
Valuation allowance			(19,691)			(19,520)
Total deferred tax assets			193			—
Deferred tax liabilities:
Operating lease right-of-use assets			(193)			—
Total net deferred tax assets		$	—		$	—

Reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of the gross unrecognized tax benefit

A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of the gross unrecognized tax benefits is as follows (in thousands):

		Year Ended December 31,
		2019		2018		2017
Gross unrecognized tax benefits balance at beginning of the year		$ 14,557		$ 14,557		$ 14,557
Add:
Additions based on tax positions related to the current year		—		—		—
Additions for tax positions of prior years		—		—		—
Less:
Decrease related to lapse of statute of limitations		—		—		—
Gross unrecognized tax benefits balance at end of the year		$ 14,557		$ 14,557		$ 14,557

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Tabular disclosure of the components of income tax expense attributable to continuing operations for each year presented including, but not limited to: current tax expense (benefit), deferred tax expense (benefit), investment tax credits, government grants, the benefits of operating loss carryforwards, tax expense that results from allocating certain tax benefits either directly to contributed capital or to reduce goodwill or other noncurrent intangible assets of an acquired entity, adjustments of a deferred tax liability or asset for enacted changes in tax laws or rates or a change in the tax status of the entity, and adjustments of the beginning-of-the-year balances of a valuation allowance because of a change in circumstances that causes a change in judgment about the realizability of the related deferred tax asset in future years.

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Tabular disclosure of the components of net deferred tax asset or liability recognized in an entity's statement of financial position, including the following: the total of all deferred tax liabilities, the total of all deferred tax assets, the total valuation allowance recognized for deferred tax assets.

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Tabular disclosure of the reconciliation using percentage or dollar amounts of the reported amount of income tax expense attributable to continuing operations for the year to the amount of income tax expense that would result from applying domestic federal statutory tax rates to pretax income from continuing operations.

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Tabular disclosure of the change in unrecognized tax benefits.

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