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Stockholders' Equity (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands | 3 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended | 60 Months Ended |
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Mar. 31, 2021 | Mar. 31, 2020 | Dec. 31, 2015 | Dec. 31, 2020 | Oct. 27, 2014
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward] |  |  |  |  |
Balance, beginning of period | $ 207,969 | $ 192,762 |  |  |
Common stock options exercised | 704 | (441) |  |  |
Stock-based compensation | 816 | 643 |  |  |
Formation of new subsidiary with noncontrolling interests | 576 |  |  |  |
Sale of common stock to employees in connection with the reorganization | 538 |  |  |  |
Purchase of subsidiary shares from noncontrolling interest | (3,730) |  |  |  |
Net income (loss) | 3,736 |  |  |  |
Net income (loss) | 3,765 | 217 |  |  |
Other comprehensive loss | (147) | (1,873) |  |  |
Balance, end of period | 210,462 | 192,190 |  | $ 207,969 |
Reclassification adjustment from AOCI | 0 | 0 |  |  |
Stock repurchase program, authorized amount |  |  |  |  | $ 5,000
Shares repurchased (in shares) |  |  | 908,000 | 0 |
Average price of shares repurchased (in dollars per share) |  |  | $ 2.52 |  |
Total purchase price |  |  | $ 2,300 |  |
Stock repurchase program remaining authorized repurchase amount | 2,700 |  |  |  |
Preferred Stock |  |  |  |  |
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward] |  |  |  |  |
Balance, beginning of period | 3,532 | 3,532 |  |  |
Balance, end of period | 3,532 | 3,532 |  | $ 3,532 |
Common Stock |  |  |  |  |
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward] |  |  |  |  |
Balance, beginning of period | 42 | 41 |  |  |
Balance, end of period | 42 | 41 |  | 42 |
Additional Paid-In Capital |  |  |  |  |
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward] |  |  |  |  |
Balance, beginning of period | 230,381 | 236,957 |  |  |
Common stock options exercised | 704 | (441) |  |  |
Stock-based compensation | 816 | 643 |  |  |
Formation of new subsidiary with noncontrolling interests | (131) |  |  |  |
Sale of common stock to employees in connection with the reorganization | 538 |  |  |  |
Purchase of subsidiary shares from noncontrolling interest | (2,691) |  |  |  |
Balance, end of period | 229,617 | 238,041 |  | 230,381 |
Accumulated Deficit |  |  |  |  |
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward] |  |  |  |  |
Balance, beginning of period | (44,545) | (47,783) |  |  |
Net income (loss) | 3,425 |  |  |  |
Net income (loss) |  | (178) |  |  |
Balance, end of period | (41,120) | (47,961) |  | (44,545) |
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) |  |  |  |  |
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward] |  |  |  |  |
Balance, beginning of period | 3,209 | (4,862) |  |  |
Other comprehensive loss | (131) | (1,775) |  |  |
Balance, end of period | 3,078 | (6,637) |  | 3,209 |
AXT, Inc. Stockholders' Equity |  |  |  |  |
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward] |  |  |  |  |
Balance, beginning of period | 192,619 | 187,885 |  |  |
Common stock options exercised | 704 | (441) |  |  |
Stock-based compensation | 816 | 643 |  |  |
Formation of new subsidiary with noncontrolling interests | (131) |  |  |  |
Sale of common stock to employees in connection with the reorganization | 538 |  |  |  |
Purchase of subsidiary shares from noncontrolling interest | (2,691) |  |  |  |
Net income (loss) | 3,425 |  |  |  |
Net income (loss) |  | (178) |  |  |
Other comprehensive loss | (131) | (1,775) |  |  |
Balance, end of period | 195,149 | 187,016 |  | 192,619 |
Noncontrolling Interests |  |  |  |  |
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward] |  |  |  |  |
Balance, beginning of period | 15,350 | 4,877 |  |  |
Formation of new subsidiary with noncontrolling interests | 707 |  |  |  |
Purchase of subsidiary shares from noncontrolling interest | (1,039) |  |  |  |
Net income (loss) | 311 |  |  |  |
Net income (loss) |  | 395 |  |  |
Other comprehensive loss | (16) | (98) |  |  |
Balance, end of period | $ 15,313 | $ 5,174 |  | $ 15,350 |

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