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Investments in Privately-Held Raw Material Companies - Minority Investment Entities (Details)
$ in Thousands
 3 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2021
USD ($)
Sep. 30, 2021
USD ($)
Jun. 30, 2021
USD ($)
Mar. 31, 2021
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2020
USD ($)
Sep. 30, 2020
USD ($)
Jun. 30, 2020
USD ($)
Mar. 31, 2020
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2021
USD ($)
entity
Dec. 31, 2020
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2019
USD ($)
Summarized income information of all the minority investment entities that are not consolidated and accounted for under the equity method [Abstract]                      
Revenue $ 37,732 $ 34,576 $ 33,735 $ 31,350 $ 27,035 $ 25,469 $ 22,134 $ 20,723 $ 137,393 $ 95,361 $ 83,256
Gross profit 12,139 $ 11,501 $ 12,238 $ 11,536 9,162 $ 8,823 $ 6,768 $ 5,522 47,414 30,275 24,825
Net income (loss)                 16,509 5,041 (1,588)
Summarized balance sheet information of all the minority investment entities that are not consolidated and accounted for under the equity method [Abstract]                      
Current assets 160,185       164,518       160,185 164,518  
Current liabilities 47,822       39,075       $ 47,822 39,075  
Minority investment entities                      
Impaired entities | entity                 1    
Five Minority Investments                      
Summarized income information of all the minority investment entities that are not consolidated and accounted for under the equity method [Abstract]                      
Revenue                 $ 35,939 20,049 18,991
Gross profit                 17,465 4,907 2,013
Operating income                 14,293 1,957 (2,266)
Net income (loss)                 12,560 1,014 (3,000)
Summarized balance sheet information of all the minority investment entities that are not consolidated and accounted for under the equity method [Abstract]                      
Current assets 27,503       24,136       27,503 24,136  
Noncurrent assets 11,707       11,339       11,707 11,339  
Current liabilities $ 5,799       $ 12,502       5,799 12,502  
Minority investment entities                      
Entity (loss) excluding impairment                 4,400 100 (1,900)
Dividends received                 774 0 362
Undistributed retained earnings                 5,000 1,300  
AXT, Inc. Stockholders' Equity                      
Summarized income information of all the minority investment entities that are not consolidated and accounted for under the equity method [Abstract]                      
Revenue                 11,424 6,252 5,458
Gross profit                 5,482 1,504 558
Operating income                 4,495 504 (700)
Net income (loss)                 $ 4,409 $ 111 $ (1,876)