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Stockholders' Equity and Stock Repurchase Program - Ownership Interest in Consolidated Subsidiaries (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
 3 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2021
Sep. 30, 2021
Jun. 30, 2021
Mar. 31, 2021
Dec. 31, 2020
Sep. 30, 2020
Jun. 30, 2020
Mar. 31, 2020
Dec. 31, 2021
Dec. 31, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Stockholders' Equity and Stock Repurchase Program                      
Net income attributable to AXT, Inc. $ 2,965 $ 3,800 $ 4,385 $ 3,425 $ 2,064 $ 991 $ 361 $ (178) $ 14,575 $ 3,238 $ (2,600)
Increase (decrease) in additional paid-in capital for:                      
Sales of subsidiary shares to noncontrolling interests                   396  
Purchase of subsidiary shares from noncontrolling interests                 (1,039) (1,398)  
Formation of new subsidiary with noncontrolling interests                 1,413    
Adjustment to noncontrolling interests in connection with the reorganization and alignment of assets under Tongmei                 1,229 (10,732)  
Net transfers to noncontrolling interests                 1,603 (11,734)  
Change from net income attributable to AXT, Inc., net of transfers to noncontrolling interests                 $ 16,178 $ (8,496)