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Basis of Presentation (Details)
 1 Months Ended 6 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Jan. 25, 2021
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May 31, 2023
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Jan. 31, 2023
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Aug. 31, 2022
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Jul. 31, 2022
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May 31, 2022
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Apr. 30, 2022
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Jan. 31, 2022
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Jun. 30, 2021
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May 31, 2021
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Feb. 28, 2021
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Jan. 31, 2021
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Jun. 30, 2023
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company
Dec. 31, 2022
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company
Dec. 31, 2020
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Aug. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2021
USD ($)
Oct. 31, 2021
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Sep. 30, 2021
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Nov. 30, 2020
Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items]                                        
Number of equity method investments | company                         4 5            
Investments, equity method                         $ 11,789,000 $ 14,607,000            
Percentage of equity interest sold                         15.00%              
AXT-Tongmei, Inc | Disposal Group, Disposed of by Sale, Not Discontinued Operations                                        
Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items]                                        
Cash consideration                 $ 1                      
Minority Investors [Member]                                        
Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items]                                        
Loan amount   $ 300,000 $ 200,000                                  
Chao Yang XinMei High Purity Semiconductor Materials Co. Ltd. | Loan from related party                                        
Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items]                                        
Sale of subsidiary shares to noncontrolling interests             $ 4,500,000                          
Increase in redeemable noncontrolling interests           $ 100,000                            
Chao Yang XinMei High Purity Semiconductor Materials Co. Ltd. | Loan from related party | ChaoYang Xinshuo                                        
Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items]                                        
Loan amount                                   $ 1,000,000.0 $ 900,000  
Sale of subsidiary shares to noncontrolling interests             1,900,000                          
Amount paid to subsidiary           600,000 700,000                          
Chao Yang XinMei High Purity Semiconductor Materials Co. Ltd. | Loan from related party | Beijing Tongmei Xtal Technology                                        
Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items]                                        
Sale of subsidiary shares to noncontrolling interests             2,600,000                          
Amount paid to subsidiary           800,000 $ 1,100,000                          
Increase in noncontrolling interest           $ 1,400,000   $ 2,200,000                        
Increase in redeemable noncontrolling interests               $ 200,000                        
Chao Yang XinMei High Purity Semiconductor Materials Co. Ltd.                                        
Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items]                                        
Investment value, agreement amount                   $ 1,800,000 $ 3,000,000.0                  
Investments, equity method                     $ 1,800,000                  
Ownership (as a percent)         58.50% 58.50% 58.50% 58.50%   58.50% 58.50%                  
Initial funding                   $ 1,500,000 $ 1,500,000                  
Increase in noncontrolling interest         $ 610,000                              
Further investment         600,000                              
Redeemable noncontrolling interest increased         57,000                              
ChaoYang ShuoMei High Purity Semiconductor Materials Co., Ltd.                                        
Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items]                                        
Investment value, agreement amount             $ 4,400,000                          
Investments, equity method             $ 3,300,000                          
Ownership (as a percent)   75.00% 75.00%       75.00%                          
Initial funding       $ 334,000                                
Increase in noncontrolling interest       406,000                                
Redeemable noncontrolling interest increased       73,000                                
ChaoYang KaiMei Quartz Co., Ltd                                        
Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items]                                        
Investment value, agreement amount             $ 7,600,000                          
Investments, equity method             $ 3,000,000.0           $ 1,540,000 827,000            
Ownership (as a percent)             40.00%           40.00%     40.00%        
Initial funding         2,200,000                              
Investment amount         900,000                              
Emeishan Jia Mei High Purity Metals Co., Ltd Investment                                        
Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items]                                        
Investments, equity method                           $ 418,000            
Ownership (as a percent)   25.00%                     10.00%              
Percentage of equity interest sold   15.00%                     15.00%              
Percentage of ownership, cost method   10.00%                     10.00%              
ChaoYang ShuoMei High Purity Semiconductor Materials Co., Ltd.                                        
Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items]                                        
Increase in noncontrolling interest   $ 400,000 $ 200,000                                  
Increase in redeemable noncontrolling interests   75,000 36,000                                  
Beijing BoYu Semiconductor Vessel Craftwork Technology Co., Ltd Investment                                        
Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items]                                        
Percentage of ownership                             67.00%         63.00%
Percentage of outstanding shares                             33.00%          
Beijing Tongmei Xtal Technology                                        
Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items]                                        
Percentage of ownership                 85.50%                      
Percentage of outstanding shares 7.28%                       14.50%              
Private equity ownership percentage 7.28%                       14.50%              
Percentage of key managers and contributors purchased                             0.40%          
Investment in new facility $ 49,000,000                           $ 48,100,000          
Raised additional capital                       $ 1,500,000                
Transaction results in increase to noncontrolling interests                 $ 1,200,000                      
Transaction results in increase to redeemable noncontrolling interests                 $ 1,200,000                      
Increase in redeemable noncontrolling interests                       $ 1,500,000     $ 48,100,000          
Beijing Tongmei Xtal Technology | Beijing Boyu Semiconductor Vessel Craftwork Technology Co Ltd                                        
Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items]                                        
Private equity ownership percentage                             7.59%          
Beijing Tongmei Xtal Technology | Nanjing JinMei Gallium Co., Ltd                                        
Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items]                                        
Private equity ownership percentage                             0.38%          
Beijing Tongmei Xtal Technology | Chao Yang XinMei High Purity Semiconductor Materials Co. Ltd.                                        
Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items]                                        
Loan amount               $ 1,400,000                 $ 1,400,000      
Beijing Tongmei Xtal Technology | Chao Yang XinMei High Purity Semiconductor Materials Co. Ltd. | Loan from related party                                        
Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items]                                        
Increase in noncontrolling interest           $ 1,400,000                            
Beijing Tongmei Xtal Technology | Chao Yang XinMei High Purity Semiconductor Materials Co. Ltd.                                        
Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items]                                        
Investment amount                   $ 900,000 $ 900,000                  
Further investment         800,000                              
Nanjing JinMei Gallium Co., Ltd Investment                                        
Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items]                                        
Percentage of outstanding shares                             8.50%          
Nanjing JinMei Gallium Co., Ltd Investment | Nanjing JinMei Gallium Co., Ltd                                        
Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items]                                        
Private equity ownership percentage                             0.38%          
Nanjing JinMei Gallium Co., Ltd Investment | Emeishan Jia Mei High Purity Metals Co., Ltd Investment                                        
Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items]                                        
Ownership (as a percent)                         25.00%              
Chao Yang XinMei High Purity Semiconductor Materials Co. Ltd. | ChaoYang ShuoMei High Purity Semiconductor Materials Co., Ltd.                                        
Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items]                                        
Initial funding       $ 1,000,000.0 $ 1,000,000.0                              
ChaoYang JinMei Gallium Ltd. | ChaoYang ShuoMei High Purity Semiconductor Materials Co., Ltd.                                        
Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items]                                        
Loan amount     $ 500,000                                  
ChaoYang JinMei Gallium Ltd. | ChaoYang ShuoMei High Purity Semiconductor Materials Co., Ltd. | ChaoYang ShuoMei High Purity Semiconductor Materials Co., Ltd.                                        
Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items]                                        
Loan amount   $ 1,000,000.0