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The Company and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies- Principles of Consolidation (Details) |  |  | 1 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended |  |  |  |  |
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May 31, 2023 USD ($) | Jan. 25, 2021 USD ($) | Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) | Aug. 31, 2023 USD ($) | May 31, 2023 USD ($) | Jan. 31, 2023 USD ($) | Aug. 31, 2022 USD ($) | Jul. 31, 2022 USD ($) | May 31, 2022 USD ($) | Apr. 30, 2022 USD ($) | Jan. 31, 2022 USD ($) | Jun. 30, 2021 USD ($) | May 31, 2021 USD ($) | Feb. 28, 2021 USD ($) | Jan. 31, 2021 USD ($) | Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) company | Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($) company | Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($) | Dec. 31, 2020 USD ($) | Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($) | Jul. 31, 2023 USD ($) | Sep. 30, 2022 | Oct. 31, 2021 USD ($) | Sep. 30, 2021 USD ($)
Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Number of equity method investments | company |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 3 | 6 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investments, equity method |  |  | $ 12,476,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ 12,476,000 | $ 12,720,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Proceeds from sale of equity method investments |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 827,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Payment for investment |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ 2,538,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Sale of subsidiary shares to noncontrolling interests |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ 1,151,000 |  |  |  |  |  |
Percentage of equity interest sold |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 15.00% |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
AXT-Tongmei, Inc | Disposal Group, Disposed of by Sale, Not Discontinued Operations |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash consideration |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ 1,000,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Minority investors |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loan amount | $ 300,000 |  |  |  | $ 300,000 | $ 200,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Chao Yang XinMei High Purity Semiconductor Materials Co. Ltd. | Loan from related party |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Increase in redeemable noncontrolling interests |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ 100,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Chao Yang XinMei High Purity Semiconductor Materials Co. Ltd. | Loan from related party | ChaoYang Xinshuo |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loan amount |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ 1,000,000.0 | $ 900,000
Sale of subsidiary shares to noncontrolling interests |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ 1,900,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Amount paid to subsidiary |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 600,000 | 700,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Chao Yang XinMei High Purity Semiconductor Materials Co. Ltd. | Loan from related party | Beijing Tongmei Xtal Technology |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Sale of subsidiary shares to noncontrolling interests |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2,600,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Amount paid to subsidiary |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 800,000 | 1,100,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Increase in noncontrolling interest |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ 1,400,000 |  | $ 2,200,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Increase in redeemable noncontrolling interests |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ 200,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Chao Yang XinMei High Purity Semiconductor Materials Co. Ltd. |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investment value, agreement amount |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ 1,800,000 | $ 3,000,000.0 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investments, equity method |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ 1,800,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Ownership (as a percent) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 58.50% | 58.50% |  | 58.50% |  | 58.50% | 58.50% |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Initial funding |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ 1,500,000 | $ 1,500,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Increase in noncontrolling interest |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ 610,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Further investment |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 600,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Redeemable noncontrolling interest increased |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 57,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Chao Yang XinMei High Purity Semiconductor Materials Co. Ltd. | Loan from related party |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Sale of subsidiary shares to noncontrolling interests |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 4,500,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
ChaoYang ShuoMei High Purity Semiconductor Materials Co., Ltd. |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investment value, agreement amount |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 4,400,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investments, equity method |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ 3,300,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Ownership (as a percent) |  |  |  | 75.00% |  |  |  |  |  | 75.00% |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Initial funding |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ 334,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Increase in noncontrolling interest |  |  |  | $ 200,000 |  |  | 406,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Increase in redeemable noncontrolling interests |  |  |  | 44,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Redeemable noncontrolling interest increased |  |  |  |  |  |  | 73,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
ChaoYang KaiMei Quartz Co., Ltd |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investment value, agreement amount |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ 7,600,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investments, equity method |  |  | $ 3,154,000 | 600,000 |  | 900,000 |  |  |  | $ 3,000,000.0 |  |  |  |  |  | $ 3,154,000 | 827,000 |  |  | $ 2,300,000 | $ 600,000 |  |  |
Ownership (as a percent) |  |  | 40.00% |  |  |  |  |  |  | 40.00% |  |  |  |  |  | 40.00% |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Initial funding |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2,200,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investment amount |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 900,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Additional investment |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ 5,600,000 |  |  |  |
Payment for investment |  |  | $ 600,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Emeishan Jia Mei High Purity Metals Co., Ltd Investment |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investments, equity method |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ 418,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Ownership (as a percent) | 25.00% |  | 10.00% |  | 25.00% |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 10.00% |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Proceeds from sale of equity method investments | $ 10 |  |  |  | $ 827,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Percentage of equity interest sold | 15.00% |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 15.00% |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Percentage of ownership, cost method | 10.00% |  | 10.00% |  | 10.00% |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 10.00% |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
ChaoYang ShuoMei High Purity Semiconductor Materials Co., Ltd. |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Increase in noncontrolling interest |  |  |  |  | $ 400,000 | 200,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Increase in redeemable noncontrolling interests |  |  |  |  | 75,000 | 36,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beijing BoYu Semiconductor Vessel Craftwork Technology Co., Ltd Investment |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Percentage of outstanding shares |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 33.00% |  |  |  |  |
Beijing BoYu Semiconductor Vessel Craftwork Technology Co., Ltd Investment | Beijing Boyu Semiconductor Vessel Craftwork Technology Co Ltd |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Private equity ownership percentage |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 7.59% |  |  |  |  |
Beijing Tongmei Xtal Technology |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Percentage of ownership |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 85.50% |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Percentage of outstanding shares |  | 7.28% |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 14.50% |  |
Private equity ownership percentage |  | 7.28% |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 14.50% |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Percentage of key managers and contributors purchased |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.40% |  |  |  |  |
Investment in new facility |  | $ 49,000,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ 48,100,000 |  |  |  |  |
Raised additional capital |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ 1,500,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Transaction results in increase to noncontrolling interests |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ 1,200,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Transaction results in increase to redeemable noncontrolling interests |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ 1,200,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Increase in redeemable noncontrolling interests |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ 1,500,000 |  |  |  | $ 48,100,000 |  |  |  |  |
Beijing Tongmei Xtal Technology | Beijing Boyu Semiconductor Vessel Craftwork Technology Co Ltd |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investment amount |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ 900,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Private equity ownership percentage |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 7.59% |  |  |  |  |
Beijing Tongmei Xtal Technology | Nanjing JinMei Gallium Co., Ltd |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Private equity ownership percentage |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.0038% |  |  |  |  |
Beijing Tongmei Xtal Technology | Chao Yang XinMei High Purity Semiconductor Materials Co. Ltd. |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loan amount |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ 1,400,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ 1,400,000 |  |  |  |  |  |
Beijing Tongmei Xtal Technology | Chao Yang XinMei High Purity Semiconductor Materials Co. Ltd. | Loan from related party |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Increase in noncontrolling interest |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ 1,400,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beijing Tongmei Xtal Technology | Chao Yang XinMei High Purity Semiconductor Materials Co. Ltd. |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Initial funding |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 800,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investment amount |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ 900,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Further investment |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ 800,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Nanjing JinMei Gallium Co., Ltd Investment |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Percentage of outstanding shares |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 8.50% |  |  |  |  |
Nanjing JinMei Gallium Co., Ltd Investment | Nanjing JinMei Gallium Co., Ltd |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Private equity ownership percentage |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.38% |  |  |  |  |
Nanjing JinMei Gallium Co., Ltd Investment | Emeishan Jia Mei High Purity Metals Co., Ltd Investment |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Ownership (as a percent) |  |  | 25.00% |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 25.00% |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Chao Yang XinMei High Purity Semiconductor Materials Co. Ltd. | ChaoYang ShuoMei High Purity Semiconductor Materials Co., Ltd. |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Initial funding |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ 1,000,000.0 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
ChaoYang JinMei Gallium Ltd. | ChaoYang ShuoMei High Purity Semiconductor Materials Co., Ltd. |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loan amount |  |  |  |  |  | $ 500,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
ChaoYang JinMei Gallium Ltd. | ChaoYang ShuoMei High Purity Semiconductor Materials Co., Ltd. | ChaoYang ShuoMei High Purity Semiconductor Materials Co., Ltd. |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loan amount | $ 1,000,000.0 |  |  | $ 600,000 | $ 1,000,000.0 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

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