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Stock-Based Compensation | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2022
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract] |
Stock-Based Compensation | Stock-Based CompensationUnder the 2013 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended, we are authorized to grant 7.0 million restricted stock or performance stock units of our common stock as incentive stock awards. At December 31, 2022, approximately 1.5 million shares were available for future issuance under the 2013 Equity Incentive Plan.Restricted Stock—We incur stock-based compensation expense in connection with restricted stock awarded to certain employees of Ashford LLC and its affiliates. We also issue common stock to certain of our independent directors, which vests immediately upon issuance.At December 31, 2022, the unamortized cost of unvested shares of restricted stock was $1.5 million, which is expected to be recognized over a period of 1.2 years with a weighted average period of 1.0 years. The following table summarizes the stock-based compensation expense for restricted stock (in thousands):
|  |  | Year Ended December 31,
Line Item |  |  |  |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Advisory services fee |  |  |  |  | $ | 2,195 |  |  | $ | 3,028 |  |  | $ | 2,672 |
Management fees |  |  |  |  | 26 |  |  | 56 |  |  | 133 |
Corporate general and administrative |  |  |  |  | 126 |  |  | 111 |  |  | 71 |
Corporate general and administrative - independent directors |  |  |  |  | 252 |  |  | 322 |  |  | 130 |
|  |  |  |  | $ | 2,599 |  |  | $ | 3,517 |  |  | $ | 3,006 |
A summary of our restricted stock activity is as follows (shares in thousands):
| Year Ended December 31,
| 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
| Number of Units |  | Weighted Average Price at Grant |  | Number of Units |  | Weighted Average Price at Grant |  | Number of Units |  | Weighted Average Price at Grant
Outstanding at beginning of year | 957 |  |  | $ | 6.94 |  |  | 536 |  |  | $ | 7.98 |  |  | 497 |  |  | $ | 11.89 |
Restricted shares granted | 45 |  |  | 5.63 |  |  | 764 |  |  | 7.02 |  |  | 359 |  |  | 4.13 |
Restricted shares vested | (543) |  |  | 5.86 |  |  | (317) |  |  | 6.31 |  |  | (310) |  |  | 9.81 |
Restricted shares forfeited | (22) |  |  | 6.77 |  |  | (26) |  |  | 6.94 |  |  | (10) |  |  | 7.25 |
Outstanding at end of year | 437 |  |  | $ | 6.46 |  |  | 957 |  |  | $ | 6.94 |  |  | 536 |  |  | $ | 7.98 |
The fair value of restricted stock vested during the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 was approximately $3.1 million, $2.1 million and $1.2 million, respectively. Performance Stock Units—The compensation committee of the board of directors of the Company may authorize the issuance of grants of performance stock units (“PSUs”) to certain executive officers and directors from time to time. The award agreements provide for the grant of a target number of PSUs that will be settled in shares of common stock of the Company, if, when and to the extent the applicable vesting criteria have been achieved following the end of the performance and service period, which is generally three years from the grant date. With respect to the 2020 award agreements, the number of PSUs to be earned ranged from 0% to 200% of target based on achievement of a specified relative total stockholder return based on the formula determined by the Company’s compensation committee on the grant date. The performance criteria for the PSUs are based on market conditions under the relevant literature. The corresponding compensation cost is recognized ratably over the service period for the award as the service is rendered, based on the grant date fair value of the award, regardless of the actual outcome of the market condition. With respect to the 2021 and 2022 award agreements, the compensation committee shifted to a new performance metric, pursuant to which, the performance awards will be eligible to vest, from 0% to 200% of target, based on achievement of certain performance targets over the three-year performance period. The performance criteria for the 2021 and 2022 performance grants are based on performance conditions under the relevant literature, and the 2021 and 2022 performance grants were issued to non-employees. The corresponding compensation cost is recognized ratably over the service period for the award as the service is rendered, based on the grant date fair value of the award, which may vary from period to period, as the number of performance grants earned may vary since the estimated probable achievement of certain performance targets may vary from period to period. During the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, approximately 225,000 PSUs granted in 2020, 223,000 PSUs granted in 2019 and 197,000 PSUs granted in 2018, were canceled due to the market condition criteria not being met. As a result there was a claw back of the previously declared dividends in the amount of $7,000, $143,000 and $202,000, respectively. The following table summarizes the compensation expense for PSUs (in thousands):
|  |  | Year Ended December 31,
Line Item |  |  |  |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Advisory services fee |  |  |  |  | $ | 2,876 |  |  | $ | 3,374 |  |  | 2,695 |
At December 31, 2022, the unamortized cost of unvested shares of PSUs was $1.9 million, which is expected to be recognized over a period of 2.0 years with a weighted average period of 1.1 years. A summary of our PSU activity is as follows (shares in thousands):
| Year Ended December 31,
| 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
| Number of Units |  | Weighted Average Price at Grant |  | Number of Units |  | Weighted Average Price at Grant |  | Number of Units |  | Weighted Average Price at Grant
Outstanding at beginning of year | 671 |  |  | $ | 5.84 |  |  | 448 |  |  | $ | 11.71 |  |  | 420 |  |  | $ | 16.91 |
PSUs granted | 41 |  |  | 5.63 |  |  | 446 |  |  | 7.01 |  |  | 225 |  |  | 3.51 |
PSUs vested | (152) |  |  | 4.69 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
PSUs canceled | (225) |  |  | 3.51 |  |  | (223) |  |  | 19.96 |  |  | (197) |  |  | 13.43 |
Outstanding at end of year | 335 |  |  | $ | 5.84 |  |  | 671 |  |  | $ | 5.84 |  |  | 448 |  |  | $ | 11.71 |

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