Fair Value Measurements

The fair value of financial instruments is presented based upon a hierarchy of levels that prioritizes the inputs of valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). A financial instrument’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of any input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

The fair value of marketable equity securities, mutual funds, exchange-traded funds, corporate bonds, government securities, and cash and money funds are substantially based on quoted market prices (Level 1). Corporate bonds are valued using market standard valuation methodologies, including: discounted cash flow methodologies, and matrix pricing or other similar techniques. The inputs to these market standard valuation methodologies include, but are not limited to: interest rates, credit standing of the issuer or counterparty, industry sector of the issuer, coupon rate, call provisions, maturity, estimated duration and assumptions regarding liquidity and estimated future cash flows. In addition to bond characteristics, the valuation methodologies incorporate market data, such as actual trades completed, bids and actual dealer quotes, where such information is available. Accordingly, the estimated fair values are based on available market information and judgments about financial instruments (Level 2). Fair values of the Level 2 investments are provided by the Company’s professional investment management firm.

The following table sets forth, by level, within the fair value hierarchy, the Company’s assets measured at fair value as of December 31, 2017:


	Fair Value Measurements
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Equities	$	10,777,000	$	—	$	—	$	10,777,000
Mutual Funds		8,730,000		—		—		8,730,000
Exchange-Traded Funds		4,508,000		—		—		4,508,000
Corporate Bonds		—		16,387,000		—		16,387,000
Government Securities		42,499,000		—		—		42,499,000
Cash and Money Funds		5,439,000		—		—		5,439,000

Total	$	71,953,000	$	16,387,000	$	—	$	88,340,000

Net unrealized losses recognized during the quarter ended December 31, 2017 on trading securities still held as of December 31, 2017 were $(184,000). There were no transfers of investments between Level 1 and Level 2 during the quarter ended December 31, 2017.

The following table sets forth by level, within the fair value hierarchy, the Company’s assets measured at fair value as of September 30, 2017:


	Fair Value Measurements
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Equities	$	11,338,000	$	—	$	—	$	11,338,000
Mutual Funds		7,155,000		—		—		7,155,000
Exchange-Traded Funds		3,417,000		—		—		3,417,000
Corporate Bonds		—		7,196,000		—		7,196,000
Government Securities		54,542,000		—		—		54,542,000
Cash and Money Funds		4,238,000		—		—		4,238,000

Total	$	80,690,000	$	7,196,000	$	—	$	87,886,000

Net unrealized gains recognized during the quarter ended December 31, 2016 on trading securities still held as of December 31, 2016 were $153,000. There were no transfers of investments between Level 1 and Level 2 during the quarter ended December 31, 2016.

The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts payable approximate fair value because of the short-term nature of these items.