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UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

x QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2022

or

¨TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from__________ to___________

Commission file number 001-38884

FRANKLIN FINANCIAL SERVICES CORPORATION

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Pennsylvania | 25-1440803
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

1500 Nitterhouse Drive, Chambersburg, PA | 17201-0819
(Address of principal executive offices) | (Zip Code)

(717) 264-6116

(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)

Not Applicable

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

﻿ |  |
Title of class | Symbol | Name of exchange on which registered
Common stock | FRAF | Nasdaq Capital Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes x No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

###### Large accelerated filer ¨ Accelerated filer ¨ Non-accelerated filer x Smaller reporting company x Emerging growth company ¨

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act) Yes ¨ No x

There were 4,387,060 outstanding shares of the Registrant’s common stock as of October 31, 2022.

INDEX

Part I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION |
Item 1 | Financial Statements |
| Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 (unaudited) | 1
| Consolidated Statements of Income for the Three and Nine Months ended September 30, 2022 | 2
| and 2021 (unaudited) |
| Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the Three and Nine Months ended | 3
| September 30, 2022 and 2021 (unaudited) |
| Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity for the Three and Nine Months | 4
| ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 (unaudited) |
| Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Nine Months ended September 30, 2022 | 5
| and 2021 (unaudited) |
| Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited) | 6
Item 2 | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Results of Operations and Financial Condition | 29
Item 3 | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk | 46
Item 4 | Controls and Procedures | 46
Part II - OTHER INFORMATION |
Item 1 | Legal Proceedings | 47
Item 1A | Risk Factors | 47
Item 2 | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | 47
Item 3 | Defaults Upon Senior Securities | 47
Item 4 | Mine Safety Disclosures | 47
Item 5 | Other Information | 48
Item 6 | Exhibits | 48
SIGNATURE PAGE | 49

#

Part I FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

Consolidated Balance Sheets

(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share data) | (unaudited) |  |  |
| September 30, |  | December 31,
| 2022 |  | 2021
Assets |  |  |  |  |
Cash and due from banks | $ | 24,274 |  | $ | 10,463
Short-term interest-earning deposits in other banks |  | 185,882 |  |  | 164,686
Total cash and cash equivalents |  | 210,156 |  |  | 175,149
Long-term interest-earning deposits in other banks |  | 12,476 |  |  | 10,492
Debt securities available for sale, at fair value |  | 492,032 |  |  | 529,811
Equity securities |  | 435 |  |  | 481
Restricted stock |  | 644 |  |  | 495
Loans held for sale |  | 2,349 |  |  | 2,827
Loans |  | 1,048,507 |  |  | 998,812
Allowance for loan losses |  | (14,989) |  |  | (15,066)
Net Loans |  | 1,033,518 |  |  | 983,746
Premises and equipment, net |  | 29,198 |  |  | 19,190
Right of use asset |  | 6,170 |  |  | 4,759
Bank owned life insurance |  | 22,200 |  |  | 21,874
Goodwill |  | 9,016 |  |  | 9,016
Deferred tax asset, net |  | 17,816 |  |  | 3,314
Other assets |  | 11,152 |  |  | 12,652
Total assets | $ | 1,847,162 |  | $ | 1,773,806
Liabilities |  |  |  |  |
Deposits |  |  |  |  |
Noninterest-bearing checking | $ | 317,719 |  | $ | 298,403
Money management, savings, and interest checking |  | 1,327,406 |  |  | 1,211,703
Time |  | 59,858 |  |  | 74,253
Total deposits |  | 1,704,983 |  |  | 1,584,359
Subordinate notes |  | 19,615 |  |  | 19,588
Lease liability |  | 6,293 |  |  | 4,857
Other liabilities |  | 8,120 |  |  | 7,937
Total liabilities |  | 1,739,011 |  |  | 1,616,741
Commitments and contingent liabilities |  |  |  |  |
Shareholders' equity |  |  |  |  |
Common stock, $1 par value per share,15,000,000 shares authorized with |  |  |  |  |
4,710,972 shares issued and 4,395,650 shares outstanding at September 30, 2022 and |  |  |  |  |
4,710,972 shares issued and 4,441,443 shares outstanding at December 31, 2021 |  | 4,711 |  |  | 4,711
Capital stock no par value, 5,000,000 shares authorized with no |  |  |  |  |
shares issued and outstanding |  | — |  |  | —
Additional paid-in capital |  | 43,377 |  |  | 43,085
Retained earnings |  | 123,579 |  |  | 116,612
Accumulated other comprehensive loss |  | (55,101) |  |  | (547)
Treasury stock, 315,322 shares at September 30, 2022 and 269,529 shares at |  |  |  |  |
December 31, 2021, at cost |  | (8,415) |  |  | (6,796)
Total shareholders' equity |  | 108,151 |  |  | 157,065
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity | $ | 1,847,162 |  | $ | 1,773,806

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited financial statements.

1

# Consolidated Statements of Income

|  | For the Three Months Ended |  | For the Nine Months Ended
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data) (unaudited) |  | September 30, |  | September 30,
|  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Interest income |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loans, including fees |  | $ | 10,767 |  | $ | 9,805 |  | $ | 29,589 |  | $ | 28,373
Interest and dividends on investments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Taxable interest |  |  | 2,728 |  |  | 1,906 |  |  | 6,739 |  |  | 5,284
Tax exempt interest |  |  | 521 |  |  | 526 |  |  | 1,570 |  |  | 1,588
Dividend income |  |  | 5 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 14 |  |  | 17
Interesting-bearing deposits in other banks |  |  | 1,022 |  |  | 66 |  |  | 1,542 |  |  | 178
Total interest income |  |  | 15,043 |  |  | 12,304 |  |  | 39,454 |  |  | 35,440
Interest expense |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Deposits |  |  | 717 |  |  | 447 |  |  | 1,684 |  |  | 1,390
Subordinate notes |  |  | 263 |  |  | 263 |  |  | 787 |  |  | 788
Total interest expense |  |  | 980 |  |  | 710 |  |  | 2,471 |  |  | 2,178
Net interest income |  |  | 14,063 |  |  | 11,594 |  |  | 36,983 |  |  | 33,262
Provision for loan losses |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,900)
Net interest income after provision for loan losses |  |  | 14,063 |  |  | 11,594 |  |  | 36,983 |  |  | 35,162
Noninterest income |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investment and trust services fees |  |  | 1,661 |  |  | 1,740 |  |  | 5,407 |  |  | 5,282
Loan service charges |  |  | 177 |  |  | 224 |  |  | 533 |  |  | 647
Gain on sale of loans |  |  | 183 |  |  | 529 |  |  | 692 |  |  | 1,866
Deposit service charges and fees |  |  | 629 |  |  | 674 |  |  | 1,885 |  |  | 1,613
Other service charges and fees |  |  | 443 |  |  | 397 |  |  | 1,293 |  |  | 1,214
Debit card income |  |  | 497 |  |  | 550 |  |  | 1,393 |  |  | 1,642
Increase in cash surrender value of Bank owned life insurance |  |  | 109 |  |  | 109 |  |  | 326 |  |  | 336
Bank owned life insurance gain |  |  | — |  |  | 147 |  |  | — |  |  | 147
Net (losses) gains on sales of debt securities |  |  | (15) |  |  | — |  |  | (34) |  |  | 91
Change in fair value of equity securities |  |  | (61) |  |  | (9) |  |  | (46) |  |  | 83
Gain on sale of premise |  |  | — |  |  | 1,776 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,776
Other |  |  | 40 |  |  | 45 |  |  | 190 |  |  | 202
Total noninterest income |  |  | 3,663 |  |  | 6,182 |  |  | 11,639 |  |  | 14,899
Noninterest Expense |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Salaries and employee benefits |  |  | 7,089 |  |  | 5,958 |  |  | 20,500 |  |  | 17,861
Net occupancy |  |  | 1,124 |  |  | 908 |  |  | 3,077 |  |  | 2,675
Marketing and advertising |  |  | 433 |  |  | 413 |  |  | 1,391 |  |  | 1,153
Legal and professional |  |  | 581 |  |  | 579 |  |  | 1,580 |  |  | 1,552
Data processing |  |  | 1,146 |  |  | 1,040 |  |  | 3,544 |  |  | 2,857
Pennsylvania bank shares tax |  |  | 335 |  |  | 308 |  |  | 813 |  |  | 708
FDIC Insurance |  |  | 197 |  |  | 181 |  |  | 550 |  |  | 563
ATM/debit card processing |  |  | 359 |  |  | 342 |  |  | 1,065 |  |  | 967
Telecommunications |  |  | 114 |  |  | 101 |  |  | 313 |  |  | 314
Nonservice pension |  |  | 69 |  |  | 257 |  |  | 207 |  |  | 651
Other |  |  | 753 |  |  | 899 |  |  | 2,456 |  |  | 1,964
Total noninterest expense |  |  | 12,200 |  |  | 10,986 |  |  | 35,496 |  |  | 31,265
Income before federal income taxes |  |  | 5,526 |  |  | 6,790 |  |  | 13,126 |  |  | 18,796
Federal income tax expense |  |  | 895 |  |  | 928 |  |  | 1,905 |  |  | 2,833
Net income |  | $ | 4,631 |  | $ | 5,862 |  | $ | 11,221 |  | $ | 15,963
Per share |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic earnings per share |  | $ | 1.05 |  | $ | 1.32 |  | $ | 2.53 |  | $ | 3.61
Diluted earnings per share |  | $ | 1.05 |  | $ | 1.31 |  | $ | 2.52 |  | $ | 3.60

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited financial statements.

2

# Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)

|  | For the Three Months Ended |  | For the Nine Months Ended
|  | September 30, |  | September 30,
(Dollars in thousands) (unaudited) |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Net Income |  | $ | 4,631 |  | $ | 5,862 |  | $ | 11,221 |  | $ | 15,963
Debt Securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Unrealized losses arising during the period |  |  | (20,409) |  |  | (3,819) |  |  | (69,090) |  |  | (6,698)
Reclassification adjustment for losses (gains) included in net income (1) |  |  | 15 |  |  | — |  |  | 34 |  |  | (91)
Net unrealized losses |  |  | (20,394) |  |  | (3,819) |  |  | (69,056) |  |  | (6,789)
Tax effect |  |  | 4,283 |  |  | 802 |  |  | 14,502 |  |  | 1,426
Net of tax amount |  |  | (16,111) |  |  | (3,017) |  |  | (54,554) |  |  | (5,363)
Total other comprehensive loss |  |  | (16,111) |  |  | (3,017) |  |  | (54,554) |  |  | (5,363)
Total Comprehensive (Loss) Income |  | $ | (11,480) |  | $ | 2,845 |  | $ | (43,333) |  | $ | 10,600
(1) Reclassified to net (losses) gains on sales of debt securities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited financial statements.

#

3

# Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Accumulated |  |  |  |  |  |
|  |  |  |  |  | Additional |  |  |  |  | Other |  |  |  |  |  |
| Shares |  | Common |  | Paid-in |  | Retained |  | Comprehensive |  | Treasury |  |  |
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data) (unaudited) | Outstanding |  | Stock |  | Capital |  | Earnings |  | Income (Loss) |  | Stock |  | Total
Balance at July 1, 2022 | 4,422,280 |  | $ | 4,711 |  | $ | 43,248 |  | $ | 120,354 |  | $ | (38,990) |  | $ | (7,526) |  | $ | 121,797
Net income |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4,631 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4,631
Other comprehensive loss |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (16,111) |  |  | — |  |  | (16,111)
Cash dividends declared, $0.32 per share |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,406) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,406)
Acquisition of treasury stock | (38,409) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,202) |  |  | (1,202)
Treasury shares issued under dividend reinvestment plan | 9,245 |  |  | — |  |  | 49 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 246 |  |  | 295
Stock Compensation Plans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Treasury shares issued | 2,534 |  |  | — |  |  | (51) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 67 |  |  | 16
Compensation expense |  |  |  | — |  |  | 131 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 131
Balance at September 30, 2022 | 4,395,650 |  | $ | 4,711 |  | $ | 43,377 |  | $ | 123,579 |  | $ | (55,101) |  | $ | (8,415) |  | $ | 108,151
Balance at January 1, 2022 | 4,441,443 |  | $ | 4,711 |  | $ | 43,085 |  | $ | 116,612 |  | $ | (547) |  | $ | (6,796) |  | $ | 157,065
Net income |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 11,221 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 11,221
Other comprehensive loss |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (54,554) |  |  | — |  |  | (54,554)
Cash dividends declared, $0.96 per share |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (4,254) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (4,254)
Acquisition of treasury stock | (86,449) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (2,664) |  |  | (2,664)
Treasury shares issued under dividend reinvestment plan | 29,757 |  |  | — |  |  | 176 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 766 |  |  | 942
Stock Compensation Plans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Treasury shares issued | 10,899 |  |  | — |  |  | (236) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 279 |  |  | 43
Compensation expense |  |  |  | — |  |  | 352 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 352
Balance at September 30, 2022 | 4,395,650 |  | $ | 4,711 |  | $ | 43,377 |  | $ | 123,579 |  | $ | (55,101) |  | $ | (8,415) |  | $ | 108,151

Balance at July 1, 2021 | 4,425,092 |  | $ | 4,711 |  | $ | 42,774 |  | $ | 109,930 |  | $ | 844 |  | $ | (7,103) |  | $ | 151,156
Net income |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 5,862 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 5,862
Other comprehensive income |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (3,017) |  |  | — |  |  | (3,017)
Cash dividends declared, $0.32 per share |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,414) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,414)
Acquisition of treasury stock | (12,089) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (387) |  |  | (387)
Treasury shares issued under dividend reinvestment plan | 18,226 |  |  | — |  |  | 129 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 458 |  |  | 587
Stock Compensation Plans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Treasury shares issued | 218 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 5 |  |  | 5
Compensation expense |  |  |  | — |  |  | 46 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 46
Balance at September 30, 2021 | 4,431,447 |  | $ | 4,711 |  | $ | 42,949 |  | $ | 114,378 |  | $ | (2,173) |  | $ | (7,027) |  | $ | 152,838
Balance at January 1, 2021 | 4,389,355 |  | $ | 4,711 |  | $ | 42,589 |  | $ | 102,520 |  | $ | 3,190 |  | $ | (7,834) |  | $ | 145,176
Net income |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 15,963 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 15,963
Other comprehensive income |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (5,363) |  |  | — |  |  | (5,363)
Cash dividends declared, $0.93 per share |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (4,105) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (4,105)
Acquisition of treasury stock | (35,718) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,105) |  |  | (1,105)
Treasury shares issued under dividend reinvestment plan | 66,235 |  |  | — |  |  | 381 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,630 |  |  | 2,011
Stock Compensation Plans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Treasury shares issued | 11,575 |  |  | — |  |  | (182) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 282 |  |  | 100
Compensation expense |  |  |  | — |  |  | 161 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 161
Balance at September 30, 2021 | 4,431,447 |  | $ | 4,711 |  | $ | 42,949 |  | $ | 114,378 |  | $ | (2,173) |  | $ | (7,027) |  | $ | 152,838

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited financial statements.

4

# Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

|  | Nine Months Ended ‎September 30,
|  | 2022 |  | 2021
(Dollars in thousands) (unaudited) |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash flows from operating activities |  |  |  |  |  |
Net income |  | $ | 11,221 |  | $ | 15,963
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: |  |  |  |  |  |
Depreciation and amortization |  |  | 1,049 |  |  | 925
Net amortization of loans and investment securities |  |  | 3,207 |  |  | 503
Amortization of subordinate debt issuance costs |  |  | 27 |  |  | 26
Provision for loan losses |  |  | — |  |  | (1,900)
Change in fair value of equity securities |  |  | 46 |  |  | (83)
Realized losses (gains) on sales of debt securities |  |  | 34 |  |  | (91)
Loans originated for sale |  |  | (40,342) |  |  | (81,204)
Proceeds from sale of loans |  |  | 41,512 |  |  | 88,402
Gain on sale of loans held for sale |  |  | (692) |  |  | (1,866)
Increase in cash surrender value of life insurance |  |  | (326) |  |  | (336)
Decrease in fair value of derivative |  |  | (17) |  |  | (20)
Gains from surrender of life insurance policies |  |  | — |  |  | (147)
Stock option compensation |  |  | 352 |  |  | 161
Decrease in other assets |  |  | 1,679 |  |  | 4,184
Decrease in other liabilities |  |  | (4) |  |  | (647)
Net cash provided by operating activities |  |  | 17,746 |  |  | 23,870
Cash flows from investing activities |  |  |  |  |  |
Net (increase) decrease in long-term interest-bearing deposits in other banks |  |  | (1,984) |  |  | 1,999
Proceeds from sale of AFS securities |  |  | 1,082 |  |  | 16,060
Proceeds from maturities and pay-downs of securities available for sale |  |  | 31,013 |  |  | 27,057
Purchase of investment securities available for sale |  |  | (66,499) |  |  | (200,913)
Net increase in restricted stock |  |  | (149) |  |  | (27)
Net increase in loans |  |  | (49,886) |  |  | (6,240)
Proceeds from surrender of bank owned life insurance policy |  |  | — |  |  | 685
Capital expenditures |  |  | (11,007) |  |  | (7,367)
Net cash used in investing activities |  |  | (97,430) |  |  | (168,746)
Cash flows from financing activities |  |  |  |  |  |
Net increase in demand deposits, interest-bearing checking, and savings accounts |  |  | 135,019 |  |  | 195,443
Net decrease in time deposits |  |  | (14,395) |  |  | (5,721)
Dividends paid |  |  | (4,254) |  |  | (4,105)
Purchase of Treasury shares |  |  | (2,664) |  |  | (1,105)
Cash received from option exercises |  |  | 43 |  |  | 100
Treasury shares issued under dividend reinvestment plan |  |  | 942 |  |  | 2,011
Net cash provided by financing activities |  |  | 114,691 |  |  | 186,623
Increase in cash and cash equivalents |  |  | 35,007 |  |  | 41,747
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the period |  |  | 175,149 |  |  | 57,146
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the period |  | $ | 210,156 |  | $ | 98,893
Supplemental Disclosures of Cash Flow Information |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash paid during the year for: |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest on deposits and other borrowed funds |  | $ | 2,208 |  | $ | 2,268
Income taxes |  |  | 58 |  |  | 1,872
Noncash Activities |  |  |  |  |  |
Lease liabilities arising from obtaining right-of-use assets |  | $ | 1,867 |  | $ | —

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited financial statements.

5

# FRANKLIN FINANCIAL SERVICES CORPORATION and SUBSIDIARIES

UNAUDITED NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 1. Basis of Presentation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Franklin Financial Services Corporation (the Corporation), and its wholly owned subsidiaries, Farmers and Merchants Trust Company of Chambersburg (the Bank) and Franklin Future Fund Inc. Farmers and Merchants Trust Company of Chambersburg is a commercial bank that has one wholly owned subsidiary, Franklin Financial Properties Corp. Franklin Financial Properties Corp. holds real estate assets that are leased by the Bank. Franklin Future Fund Inc. is a non-bank investment company. The activities of the non-bank subsidiary are not significant to the consolidated totals. All significant intercompany transactions and account balances have been eliminated.

In the opinion of management, all adjustments (which include only normal recurring adjustments) necessary to present fairly the consolidated financial position, results of operations, and cash flows as of September 30, 2022, and for all other periods presented have been made.

Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) have been condensed or omitted. It is suggested that these consolidated financial statements be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Corporation’s 2021 Annual Report on Form 10-K. The consolidated results of operations for the three-month and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2022 are not necessarily indicative of the operating results for the full year. Management has evaluated subsequent events for potential recognition and/or disclosure through the date these consolidated financial statements were issued.

The consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2021 has been derived from the audited consolidated financial statements at that date but does not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete consolidated financial statements.

For purposes of reporting cash flows, cash and cash equivalents include cash and due from banks, interest-bearing deposits in other banks and cash items with original maturities less than 90 days.

Earnings per share are computed based on the weighted average number of shares outstanding during each period end. A reconciliation of the weighted average shares outstanding used to calculate basic earnings per share and diluted earnings per share follows:

|  | For the Three Months Ended |  | For the Nine Months Ended
|  | September 30, |  | September 30,
(Dollars and shares in thousands, except per share data) |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Weighted average shares outstanding (basic) |  |  | 4,401 |  |  | 4,441 |  |  | 4,432 |  |  | 4,421
Impact of common stock equivalents |  |  | 23 |  |  | 26 |  |  | 21 |  |  | 19
Weighted average shares outstanding (diluted) |  |  | 4,424 |  |  | 4,467 |  |  | 4,453 |  |  | 4,440
Anti-dilutive options excluded from calculation |  |  | 29 |  |  | 30 |  |  | 30 |  |  | 31
Net income |  | $ | 4,631 |  | $ | 5,862 |  | $ | 11,221 |  | $ | 15,963
Basic earnings per share |  | $ | 1.05 |  | $ | 1.32 |  | $ | 2.53 |  | $ | 3.61
Diluted earnings per share |  | $ | 1.05 |  | $ | 1.31 |  | $ | 2.52 |  | $ | 3.60

‎

6

# Note 2. Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Recently issued but not yet effective accounting standards |  |  |  |  |
ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments
Description |  | This standard requires credit losses on most financial assets measured at amortized cost and certain other instruments to be measured using an expected credit loss model (referred to as the current expected credit loss (CECL) model). Under this model, entities will estimate credit losses over the entire contractual term of the instrument (considering estimated prepayments, but not expected extensions or modifications unless reasonable expectation of a troubled debt restructuring exists) from the date of initial recognition of that instrument. The ASU replaces the current accounting model for purchased credit impaired loans and debt securities. The allowance for credit losses for purchased financial assets with a more-than insignificant amount of credit deterioration since origination (“PCD assets”), should be determined in a similar manner to other financial assets measured on an amortized cost basis. However, upon initial recognition, the allowance for credit losses is added to the purchase price to determine the initial amortized cost basis. The subsequent accounting for PCD financial assets is the same expected loss model described above.
Effective Date |  | January 1, 2023
Effect on the Consolidated Financial Statements |  | We have formed an implementation team led by the Corporation's Risk Management function. The team is reviewing the requirements of the ASU and evaluating methods and models for implementation. As of the beginning of the first reporting period in which the new standard is adopted, the Corporation expects to recognize a one-time cumulative-effect adjustment to the allowance for loan losses, which will flow through retained earnings. After adoption, the new standard will result in earlier recognition of additions to the allowance for loan losses and possibly a larger allowance for loan loss balance with a corresponding increase in the provision for loan losses in results of operations; however, the Corporation is continuing to evaluate the impact of the pending adoption of the new standard on its consolidated financial statements. A third-party vendor has been selected to assist with the CECL calculations and the implementation process has started. The Corporation is running the CECL model in test mode in 2022.
ASU 2019-05, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Targeted Transition Relief
Description |  | This ASU allows entities to irrevocably elect, upon adoption of ASU 2016-13, the fair value option on financial instruments that (1) were previously recorded at amortized cost and (2) are within the scope of ASC 326-20 if the instruments are eligible for the fair value option under ASC 825-10. The fair value option election does not apply to held-to-maturity debt securities. Entities are required to make this election on an instrument-by-instrument basis. ASU 2019-05 has the same effective date as ASU 2016-13. On October 16, 2019, FASB approved its August 2019 proposal to grant certain small public companies a delay in the effective date of ASU 2016-13. For the Corporation, the delay makes the ASU effective January 2023. Since the Corporation currently meets the SEC definition of a small reporting company, the delay will be applied to the Corporation. Early adoption is permitted.
Effective Date |  | January 1, 2023
Effect on the Consolidated Financial Statements |  | The Corporation continues to review the ASU as part of its adoption of ASU 2016-13.
ASU 2022-02, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures
Description |  | This ASU will eliminate the recognition and measurement accounting guidance for Troubled Debt Restructurings (TDRs) by creditors in Subtopic 310-40, while enhancing disclosure requirements for certain loan refinancings and restructurings by creditors when a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty.
Effective Date |  | January 1, 2023
Effect on the Consolidated Financial Statements |  | The Corporation is reviewing the ASU as part of its adoption of ASU 2016-13.
ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting
Description |  | This ASU provides temporary, optional guidance to ease the potential burden in accounting for, or recognizing the effects of, the transition away from the LIBOR or other interbank offered rate on financial reporting. To help with the transition to new reference rates, the ASU provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying GAAP to affected contract modifications and hedge accounting relationships. The main provisions include: (1) a change in a contract's reference interest rate would be accounted for as a continuation of that contract rather than as the creation of a new one for contracts, including loans, debts, leases, and other arrangements that meet specific criteria, and (2) when updating its hedging strategies in response to reference rate reform, an entity would be allowed to preserve its accounting. The guidance is applicable only to contracts or hedge accounting relationships that reference LIBOR or another reference rate expected to be discontinued. Because the guidance is meant to help entities through the transition period, it will be in effect for a limited time and will not apply to contract modifications made and hedging relationships entered into or evaluated after December 31, 2022, except for hedging relationships existing as of December 31, 2022, for which an entity has elected certain optional expedients that are retained through the end of the hedging relationship.
Effective Date |  | March 12, 2020 through December 31, 2022
Effect on the Consolidated Financial Statements |  | The Corporation continues to review the ASU as part of its adoption but does not expect it to have a material effect on the consolidated financial statements.

7

Note 3. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The components of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of income tax effects, included in shareholders' equity are as follows:

|  | September 30, |  | December 31,
(Dollars in thousands) |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Net unrealized (losses) gains on debt securities |  | $ | (64,962) |  | $ | 4,094
Tax effect |  |  | 13,642 |  |  | (860)
Net of tax amount |  | $ | (51,320) |  | $ | 3,234
Accumulated pension adjustment |  | $ | (4,786) |  | $ | (4,786)
Tax effect |  |  | 1,005 |  |  | 1,005
Net of tax amount |  | $ | (3,781) |  | $ | (3,781)
Total accumulated other comprehensive loss |  | $ | (55,101) |  | $ | (547)

Note 4. Investments

Available for Sale (AFS) Securities

The amortized cost and estimated fair value of AFS securities as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 are as follows:

(Dollars in thousands) |  |  |  |  | Gross |  | Gross |  |  |
|  | Amortized |  | unrealized |  | unrealized |  | Fair
September 30, 2022 |  | cost |  | gains |  | losses |  | value
U.S. Treasury |  | $ | 92,305 |  | $ | — |  | $ | (12,396) |  | $ | 79,909
Municipal |  |  | 203,370 |  |  | 24 |  |  | (34,133) |  |  | 169,261
Corporate |  |  | 26,311 |  |  | — |  |  | (1,689) |  |  | 24,622
Agency mortgage & asset-backed |  |  | 169,537 |  |  | 38 |  |  | (12,555) |  |  | 157,020
Non-Agency mortgage & asset-backed |  |  | 65,471 |  |  | 2 |  |  | (4,253) |  |  | 61,220
Total |  | $ | 556,994 |  | $ | 64 |  | $ | (65,026) |  | $ | 492,032

(Dollars in thousands) |  |  |  |  | Gross |  | Gross |  |  |
|  | Amortized |  | unrealized |  | unrealized |  | Fair
December 31, 2021 |  | cost |  | gains |  | losses |  | value
U.S. Treasury |  | $ | 84,896 |  | $ | 88 |  | $ | (698) |  | $ | 84,286
Municipal |  |  | 206,501 |  |  | 7,148 |  |  | (1,422) |  |  | 212,227
Corporate |  |  | 24,794 |  |  | 333 |  |  | (188) |  |  | 24,939
Agency mortgage & asset-backed |  |  | 178,614 |  |  | 1,157 |  |  | (2,086) |  |  | 177,685
Non-Agency mortgage & asset-backed |  |  | 30,912 |  |  | 34 |  |  | (272) |  |  | 30,674
Total |  | $ | 525,717 |  | $ | 8,760 |  | $ | (4,666) |  | $ | 529,811

At September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the fair value of debt securities pledged to secure public funds and trust deposits totaled $222.7 million and $160.3 million, respectively. The Bank has no investment in a single issuer that exceeds 10% of shareholders’ equity, except for securities issued by the U.S. Treasury and U.S. government sponsored entities.

8

The amortized cost and estimated fair value of debt securities at September 30, 2022, by contractual maturity are shown below. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because of prepayment or call options embedded in the securities. Securities not due at a single maturity date are presented separately.

(Dollars in thousands) |  | Amortized ‎cost |  | Fair ‎value
Due in one year or less |  | $ | 3,971 |  | $ | 3,942
Due after one year through five years |  |  | 14,689 |  |  | 14,121
Due after five years through ten years |  |  | 150,057 |  |  | 130,188
Due after ten years |  |  | 153,269 |  |  | 125,541
|  |  | 321,986 |  |  | 273,792
Mortgage & asset-backed |  |  | 235,008 |  |  | 218,240
|  | $ | 556,994 |  | $ | 492,032

The composition of the net realized gains (losses) on debt securities for the three and nine months ended are as follows:

|  | For the Three Months Ended |  | For the Nine Months Ended
|  | September 30, |  | September 30,
(Dollars in thousands) |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Proceeds |  | $ | 1,000 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 1,082 |  | $ | 16,060
Gross gains realized |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 169
Gross losses realized |  |  | (15) |  |  | — |  |  | (34) |  |  | (78)
Net (losses) gains realized |  | $ | (15) |  | $ | — |  | $ | (34) |  | $ | 91
Tax benefit (provision) on net (losses) gains realized |  | $ | 3 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 7 |  | $ | (19)

Impairment:

The debt securities portfolio contained 599 securities with $475.4 million of temporarily impaired fair value and $65.0 million in unrealized losses at September 30, 2022. The total unrealized loss position has increased $60.1 million since year-end 2021 due to an increase in market interest rates.

For securities with an unrealized loss, Management applies a systematic methodology in order to perform an assessment of the potential for other-than-temporary impairment. In the case of debt securities, investments considered for other-than-temporary impairment: (1) had a specified maturity or repricing date; (2) were generally expected to be redeemed at par; and (3) were expected to achieve a recovery in market value within a reasonable period of time. In addition, the Bank considers whether it intends to sell these securities or whether it will be forced to sell these securities before the earlier of amortized cost recovery or maturity. The municipal bond portfolio, which has the largest unrealized loss, is well diversified geographically (201 issuers) and is comprised primarily of general obligation bonds (64%). Many municipal bonds have credit enhancements in the form of private bond insurance or other credit support. The largest geographic municipal bond exposure is in the states of Texas (14%), California (11%), Pennsylvania (11%), and Michigan (10%). The average rating of the municipal portfolio from Moody’s is AA. No municipal bonds are rated below investment grade. The impairment identified on debt securities and subject to assessment at September 30, 2022, was deemed to be temporary and required no further adjustments to the financial statements, unless otherwise noted.

The following table reflects temporary impairment in the AFS portfolio, aggregated by investment category, length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position and the number of securities in each category as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021:

| September 30, 2022
| Less than 12 months |  | 12 months or more |  | Total
| Fair |  | Unrealized |  |  |  | Fair |  | Unrealized |  |  |  | Fair |  | Unrealized |  |
(Dollars in thousands) | Value |  | Losses |  | Count |  | Value |  | Losses |  | Count |  | Value |  | Losses |  | Count
U.S. Treasury | $ | 16,836 |  | $ | (1,864) |  | 11 |  | $ | 63,073 |  | $ | (10,532) |  | 19 |  | $ | 79,909 |  | $ | (12,396) |  | 30
Municipal |  | 132,404 |  |  | (22,568) |  | 167 |  |  | 34,527 |  |  | (11,565) |  | 49 |  |  | 166,931 |  |  | (34,133) |  | 216
Corporate |  | 15,560 |  |  | (1,053) |  | 31 |  |  | 7,412 |  |  | (636) |  | 15 |  |  | 22,972 |  |  | (1,689) |  | 46
Agency mortgage & asset-backed |  | 67,183 |  |  | (3,158) |  | 158 |  |  | 80,796 |  |  | (9,397) |  | 89 |  |  | 147,979 |  |  | (12,555) |  | 247
Non-Agency mortgage & asset-backed |  | 45,802 |  |  | (2,962) |  | 47 |  |  | 11,762 |  |  | (1,291) |  | 13 |  |  | 57,564 |  |  | (4,253) |  | 60
Total temporarily impaired | $ | 277,785 |  | $ | (31,605) |  | 414 |  | $ | 197,570 |  | $ | (33,421) |  | 185 |  | $ | 475,355 |  | $ | (65,026) |  | 599

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| December 31, 2021
| Less than 12 months |  | 12 months or more |  | Total
| Fair |  | Unrealized |  |  |  | Fair |  | Unrealized |  |  |  | Fair |  | Unrealized |  |
(Dollars in thousands) | Value |  | Losses |  | Count |  | Value |  | Losses |  | Count |  | Value |  | Losses |  | Count
U.S. Treasury | $ | 76,383 |  | $ | (698) |  | 21 |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | — |  | $ | 76,383 |  | $ | (698) |  | 21
Municipal |  | 38,997 |  |  | (910) |  | 44 |  |  | 15,404 |  |  | (512) |  | 16 |  |  | 54,401 |  |  | (1,422) |  | 60
Corporate |  | 8,954 |  |  | (132) |  | 17 |  |  | 1,694 |  |  | (56) |  | 3 |  |  | 10,648 |  |  | (188) |  | 20
Agency mortgage & asset-backed |  | 96,923 |  |  | (1,669) |  | 94 |  |  | 15,991 |  |  | (417) |  | 18 |  |  | 112,914 |  |  | (2,086) |  | 112
Non-Agency mortgage & asset-backed |  | 15,215 |  |  | (215) |  | 11 |  |  | 1,964 |  |  | (57) |  | 3 |  |  | 17,179 |  |  | (272) |  | 14
Total temporarily impaired | $ | 236,472 |  | $ | (3,624) |  | 187 |  | $ | 35,053 |  | $ | (1,042) |  | 40 |  | $ | 271,525 |  | $ | (4,666) |  | 227

The following table represents the cumulative credit losses on debt securities recognized in earnings for:

|  | Nine Months Ended
(Dollars in thousands) |  | September 30,
|  | 2022 |  | 2021
Balance of cumulative credit-related OTTI at January 1 |  | $ | 257 |  | $ | 272
Decreases for previously recognized credit losses on securities that paid off or sold |  |  | (257) |  |  | (15)
Balance of credit-related OTTI at September 30 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 257

Equity Securities at Fair Value

The Corporation owns one equity investment with a readily determinable fair value. At September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, this investment was reported at fair value of $435 thousand and $481 thousand, respectively, with changes in value reported through income.

Note 5. Loans

The Bank reports its loan portfolio based on the primary collateral of the loan. It further classifies these loans by the primary purpose, either consumer or commercial. The Bank’s residential real estate loans include long-term loans to individuals and businesses secured by mortgages on the borrower’s real property and include home equity loans. Construction loans are made to finance the purchase of land and the construction of residential and commercial buildings thereon and are secured by mortgages on real estate. Commercial real estate loans include construction, owner and non-owner occupied properties and farm real estate. Commercial loans are made to businesses of various sizes for a variety of purposes including property, plant and equipment, working capital and loans to government municipalities. Commercial lending is concentrated in the Bank’s primary market, but also includes purchased loan participations. Consumer loans are comprised of installment loans and unsecured personal lines of credit.

Each class of loans involves a different kind of risk. However, risk factors such as changes in interest rates, general economic conditions and changes in collateral values are common across all classes. The risk of each loan class is presented below.

Residential Real Estate 1-4 Family

The largest risk in residential real estate loans to retail customers is the borrower’s inability to repay the loan due to the loss of the primary source of income. The Bank attempts to mitigate this risk through prudent underwriting standards including employment history, current financial condition and credit history. These loans are generally owner occupied and serve as the borrower’s primary residence. Commercial purpose loans, secured by residential real estate, are usually dependent upon repayment from the rental income or other business purposes. These loans are generally non-owner occupied. In addition to the real estate collateral, these loans may have personal guarantees or UCC filings on other business assets. If a payment default occurs on a 1-4 family residential real estate loan, the collateral serves as a source of repayment, but may be subject to a change in value due to economic conditions.

Residential Real Estate Construction

This class includes loans to individuals for construction of a primary residence and to contractors and developers to improve real estate and construct residential properties. Construction loans to individuals generally bear the same risk as 1-4 family residential loans. Additional risks may include cost overruns, delays in construction or contractor problems.

Loans to contractors and developers are primarily dependent on the sale of improved lots or finished homes for repayment. Risks associated with these loans include the borrower’s character and capacity to complete a development, the effect of economic conditions on the valuation of lots or homes, cost overruns, delays in construction or contractor

10

problems. In addition to real estate collateral, these loans may have personal guarantees or UCC filings on other business assets, depending on the financial strength and experience of the developer. Real estate construction loans are monitored on a regular basis by either an independent third party or the responsible loan officer, depending on the size and complexity of the project. This monitoring process includes at a minimum, the submission of invoices or American Institute of Architects (AIA) documents detailing the cost incurred by the borrower, on-site inspections, and an authorizing signature for disbursement of funds.

Commercial Real Estate

Commercial real estate loans may be secured by various types of commercial property including retail space, office buildings, warehouses, hotels and motels, manufacturing facilities, and agricultural land.

Commercial real estate loans present a higher level of risk than residential real estate loans. Repayment of these loans is normally dependent on cash-flow generated by the operation of a business that utilizes the real estate. The successful operation of the business, and therefore repayment ability, may be affected by general economic conditions outside of the control of the operator. On most commercial real estate loans ongoing monitoring of cash flow and other financial performance indictors is completed annually through financial statement analysis. In addition, the value of the collateral may be negatively affected by economic conditions and may be insufficient to repay the loan in the event of default. In the event of foreclosure, commercial real estate may be more difficult to liquidate than residential real estate.

Commercial

Commercial loans are made for various business purposes to finance equipment, inventory, accounts receivables, and operating liquidity. These loans are generally secured by business assets or equipment, non-real estate collateral and/or personal guarantees.

Commercial loans present a higher level of credit risk than other loans because repayment ability is usually dependent on cash-flow from a business operation that can be affected by general economic conditions. On most Commercial real estate loans ongoing monitoring of cash flow and other financial performance indictors is completed at least annually through financial statement analysis. In the event of a default, collateral for these loans may be more difficult to liquidate, and the valuation of the collateral may decline more quickly than loans secured by other types of collateral.

Loans to governmental municipalities are also included in the Commercial class. These loans generally have less risk than Commercial & Industrial (C&I) loans due to the taxing authority of the municipality and its ability to assess fees on services.

This class also includes loans made as part of the Paycheck Protection Program (PPP). The PPP is a small business loan program, administered by the Small Business Administration (SBA). The PPP loans are 100 percent guaranteed by the SBA and have a maturity of two years or five years with a fixed interest rate of 1.00% for the life of the loan. Because the PPP loans are 100% guaranteed by the SBA, they present no credit risk to the Bank once the SBA guarantee is fulfilled. However, if the SBA does not grant loan forgiveness, the PPP loan would present the same risk factors as any other commercial loan.

Consumer

These loans are made for a variety of reasons to consumers and include term loans and personal lines-of credit. The loans may be secured or unsecured. Repayment is primarily dependent on the income of the borrower and to a lesser extent the sale of collateral. The underwriting of these loans is based on the consumer’s ability and willingness to repay and is determined by the borrower’s employment history, current financial condition and credit background. Collateral for these loans, if any, usually depreciates quickly and therefore, may not be adequate to repay the loan if it is repossessed. Therefore, the overall health of the economy, including unemployment rates and wages, will have an effect on the credit quality in this loan class.

‎

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A summary of loans outstanding, by class, at the end of the reporting periods is as follows:

|  | September 30, |  | December 31,
(Dollars in thousands) |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Residential Real Estate 1-4 Family |  |  |  |  |  |
Consumer first liens |  | $ | 78,686 |  | $ | 71,828
Commercial first lien |  |  | 60,219 |  |  | 60,655
Total first liens |  |  | 138,905 |  |  | 132,483
Consumer junior liens and lines of credit |  |  | 70,423 |  |  | 67,103
Commercial junior liens and lines of credit |  |  | 4,326 |  |  | 4,841
Total junior liens and lines of credit |  |  | 74,749 |  |  | 71,944
Total residential real estate 1-4 family |  |  | 213,654 |  |  | 204,427
Residential real estate - construction |  |  |  |  |  |
Consumer |  |  | 11,125 |  |  | 8,278
Commercial |  |  | 12,776 |  |  | 12,379
Total residential real estate construction |  |  | 23,901 |  |  | 20,657
Commercial real estate |  |  | 571,426 |  |  | 522,779
Commercial |  |  | 233,427 |  |  | 244,543
Total commercial |  |  | 804,853 |  |  | 767,322
Consumer |  |  | 6,099 |  |  | 6,406
|  |  | 1,048,507 |  |  | 998,812
Less: Allowance for loan losses |  |  | (14,989) |  |  | (15,066)
Net Loans |  | $ | 1,033,518 |  | $ | 983,746
Included in the loan balances are the following: |  |  |  |  |  |
Net unamortized deferred loan costs |  | $ | 2,013 |  | $ | 1,289
Loans pledged as collateral for borrowings and commitments from: |  |  |  |  |  |
FHLB |  | $ | 646,878 |  | $ | 614,828
Federal Reserve Bank |  |  | 49,191 |  |  | 45,453
|  | $ | 696,069 |  | $ | 660,281
Paycheck Protection Program (included in commercial loans) |  | $ | 205 |  | $ | 7,755

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Note 6. Loan Quality and Allowance for Loan Losses

The following table presents, by class, the activity in the Allowance for Loan Losses (ALL) for the periods shown:

|  | Residential Real Estate 1-4 Family |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | First |  | Junior Liens & |  |  |  |  | Commercial |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(Dollars in thousands) |  | Liens |  | Lines of Credit |  | Construction |  | Real Estate |  | Commercial |  | Consumer |  | Unallocated |  | Total
ALL at June 30, 2022 |  | $ | 465 |  | $ | 245 |  | $ | 289 |  | $ | 8,096 |  | $ | 5,076 |  | $ | 119 |  | $ | 725 |  | $ | 15,015
Charge-offs |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (6) |  |  | (33) |  |  | — |  |  | (39)
Recoveries |  |  | — |  |  | 1 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 8 |  |  | 4 |  |  | — |  |  | 13
Provision |  |  | (4) |  |  | 3 |  |  | 75 |  |  | 9 |  |  | (33) |  |  | 38 |  |  | (88) |  |  | —
ALL at September 30, 2022 |  | $ | 461 |  | $ | 249 |  | $ | 364 |  | $ | 8,105 |  | $ | 5,045 |  | $ | 128 |  | $ | 637 |  | $ | 14,989
ALL at December 31, 2021 |  | $ | 475 |  | $ | 252 |  | $ | 325 |  | $ | 8,168 |  | $ | 5,127 |  | $ | 130 |  | $ | 589 |  | $ | 15,066
Charge-offs |  |  | (20) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (69) |  |  | (79) |  |  | — |  |  | (168)
Recoveries |  |  | 47 |  |  | 2 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 20 |  |  | 22 |  |  | — |  |  | 91
Provision |  |  | (41) |  |  | (5) |  |  | 39 |  |  | (63) |  |  | (33) |  |  | 55 |  |  | 48 |  |  | —
ALL at September 30, 2022 |  | $ | 461 |  | $ | 249 |  | $ | 364 |  | $ | 8,105 |  | $ | 5,045 |  | $ | 128 |  | $ | 637 |  | $ | 14,989
ALL at June 30, 2021 |  | $ | 459 |  | $ | 220 |  | $ | 349 |  | $ | 7,878 |  | $ | 5,309 |  | $ | 102 |  | $ | 738 |  | $ | 15,055
Charge-offs |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (3) |  |  | (126) |  |  | — |  |  | (129)
Recoveries |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 436 |  |  | 4 |  |  | — |  |  | 440
Provision |  |  | 33 |  |  | 25 |  |  | 18 |  |  | 810 |  |  | (856) |  |  | 157 |  |  | (187) |  |  | —
ALL at September 30, 2021 |  | $ | 492 |  | $ | 245 |  | $ | 367 |  | $ | 8,688 |  | $ | 4,886 |  | $ | 137 |  | $ | 551 |  | $ | 15,366
ALL at December 31, 2020 |  | $ | 555 |  | $ | 226 |  | $ | 294 |  | $ | 9,163 |  | $ | 5,679 |  | $ | 97 |  | $ | 775 |  | $ | 16,789
Charge-offs |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (28) |  |  | (13) |  |  | (11) |  |  | (162) |  |  | — |  |  | (214)
Recoveries |  |  | — |  |  | 170 |  |  | — |  |  | 1 |  |  | 497 |  |  | 23 |  |  | — |  |  | 691
Provision |  |  | (63) |  |  | (151) |  |  | 101 |  |  | (463) |  |  | (1,279) |  |  | 179 |  |  | (224) |  |  | (1,900)
ALL at September 30, 2021 |  | $ | 492 |  | $ | 245 |  | $ | 367 |  | $ | 8,688 |  | $ | 4,886 |  | $ | 137 |  | $ | 551 |  | $ | 15,366

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The following table presents, by class, loans that were evaluated for the ALL under the specific reserve (individually) and those that were evaluated under the general reserve (collectively) and the amount of the ALL established in each class as of the periods shown:

|  | Residential Real Estate 1-4 Family |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | First |  | Junior Liens & |  |  |  | Commercial |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(Dollars in thousands) |  | Liens |  | Lines of Credit |  | Construction |  | Real Estate |  | Commercial |  | Consumer |  | Unallocated |  | Total
September 30, 2022 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loans evaluated for ALL: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Individually |  | $ | 631 |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | 9,021 |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | 9,652
Collectively |  |  | 138,274 |  |  | 74,749 |  |  | 23,901 |  |  | 562,405 |  |  | 233,427 |  |  | 6,099 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,038,855
Total |  | $ | 138,905 |  | $ | 74,749 |  | $ | 23,901 |  | $ | 571,426 |  | $ | 233,427 |  | $ | 6,099 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 1,048,507
ALL established for ‎ loans evaluated: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Individually |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | 415 |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | 415
Collectively |  |  | 461 |  |  | 249 |  |  | 364 |  |  | 7,690 |  |  | 5,045 |  |  | 128 |  |  | 637 |  |  | 14,574
ALL at September 30, 2022 |  | $ | 461 |  | $ | 249 |  | $ | 364 |  | $ | 8,105 |  | $ | 5,045 |  | $ | 128 |  | $ | 637 |  | $ | 14,989
December 31, 2021 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loans evaluated for ALL: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Individually |  | $ | 661 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 424 |  | $ | 10,520 |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | 11,605
Collectively |  |  | 131,822 |  |  | 71,944 |  |  | 20,233 |  |  | 512,259 |  |  | 244,543 |  |  | 6,406 |  |  | — |  |  | 987,207
Total |  | $ | 132,483 |  | $ | 71,944 |  | $ | 20,657 |  | $ | 522,779 |  | $ | 244,543 |  | $ | 6,406 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 998,812
ALL established for ‎ loans evaluated: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Individually |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | 698 |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | 698
Collectively |  |  | 475 |  |  | 252 |  |  | 325 |  |  | 7,470 |  |  | 5,127 |  |  | 130 |  |  | 589 |  |  | 14,368
ALL at December 31, 2021 |  | $ | 475 |  | $ | 252 |  | $ | 325 |  | $ | 8,168 |  | $ | 5,127 |  | $ | 130 |  | $ | 589 |  | $ | 15,066

‎

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The following table shows additional information about those loans considered to be impaired as of the periods shown:

|  | Impaired Loans
|  | With No Allowance |  | With Allowance
(Dollars in thousands) |  |  |  |  | Unpaid |  |  |  |  | Unpaid |  |  |
|  | Recorded |  | Principal |  | Recorded |  | Principal |  | Related
September 30, 2022 |  | Investment |  | Balance |  | Investment |  | Balance |  | Allowance
Residential Real Estate 1-4 Family |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
First liens |  | $ | 631 |  | $ | 631 |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | —
Junior liens and lines of credit |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | —
Total |  |  | 631 |  |  | 631 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | —
Residential real estate - construction |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | —
Commercial real estate |  |  | 3,725 |  |  | 3,725 |  |  | 5,296 |  |  | 5,796 |  |  | 415
Commercial |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | —
Total |  | $ | 4,356 |  | $ | 4,356 |  | $ | 5,296 |  | $ | 5,796 |  | $ | 415

December 31, 2021 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Residential Real Estate 1-4 Family |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
First liens |  | $ | 661 |  | $ | 661 |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | —
Junior liens and lines of credit |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | —
Total |  |  | 661 |  |  | 661 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | —
Residential real estate - construction |  |  | 424 |  |  | 729 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | —
Commercial real estate |  |  | 4,942 |  |  | 5,405 |  |  | 5,578 |  |  | 5,764 |  |  | 698
Commercial |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | —
Total |  | $ | 6,027 |  | $ | 6,795 |  | $ | 5,578 |  | $ | 5,764 |  | $ | 698

The following table shows the average balance of impaired loans and related interest income for the periods shown:

|  | Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
|  | September 30, 2022 |  | September 30, 2022
|  | Average |  | Interest |  | Average |  | Interest
(Dollars in thousands) |  | Recorded |  | Income |  | Recorded |  | Income
|  | Investment |  | Recognized |  | Investment |  | Recognized
Residential Real Estate 1-4 Family |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
First liens |  | $ | 635 |  | $ | 6 |  | $ | 646 |  | $ | 23
Junior liens and lines of credit |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | —
Total |  |  | 635 |  |  | 6 |  |  | 646 |  |  | 23
Residential real estate - construction |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 141 |  |  | 105
Commercial real estate |  |  | 9,082 |  |  | 46 |  |  | 9,571 |  |  | 320
Commercial |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | —
Total |  | $ | 9,717 |  | $ | 52 |  | $ | 10,358 |  | $ | 448
|  | Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
|  | September 30, 2021 |  | September 30, 2021
|  | Average |  | Interest |  | Average |  | Interest
(Dollars in thousands) |  | Recorded |  | Income |  | Recorded |  | Income
|  | Investment |  | Recognized |  | Investment |  | Recognized
Residential Real Estate 1-4 Family |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
First liens |  | $ | 663 |  | $ | 8 |  | $ | 655 |  | $ | 24
Junior liens and lines of credit |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | —
Total |  |  | 663 |  |  | 8 |  |  | 655 |  |  | 24
Residential real estate - construction |  |  | 428 |  |  | — |  |  | 483 |  |  | —
Commercial real estate |  |  | 15,450 |  |  | 122 |  |  | 15,813 |  |  | 310
Commercial |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | —
Total |  | $ | 16,541 |  | $ | 130 |  | $ | 16,951 |  | $ | 334

‎

15

At September 30, 2022, the Bank had $38 thousand of residential properties in the process of foreclosure compared to $157 thousand at the end of 2021. The following table presents the aging of payments of the loan portfolio:

(Dollars in thousands) |  |  |  |  | Loans Past Due and Still Accruing |  |  |  |  | Total
|  | Current |  | 30-59 Days |  | 60-89 Days |  | 90 Days+ |  | Total |  | Non-Accrual |  | Loans
September 30, 2022 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Residential Real Estate 1-4 Family |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
First liens |  | $ | 138,437 |  | $ | 241 |  | $ | 107 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 348 |  | $ | 120 |  | $ | 138,905
Junior liens and lines of credit |  |  | 74,515 |  |  | 147 |  |  | 49 |  |  | — |  |  | 196 |  |  | 38 |  |  | 74,749
Total |  |  | 212,952 |  |  | 388 |  |  | 156 |  |  | — |  |  | 544 |  |  | 158 |  |  | 213,654
Residential real estate - construction |  |  | 23,901 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 23,901
Commercial real estate |  |  | 565,301 |  |  | 592 |  |  | 105 |  |  | — |  |  | 697 |  |  | 5,428 |  |  | 571,426
Commercial |  |  | 233,274 |  |  | 139 |  |  | 14 |  |  | — |  |  | 153 |  |  | — |  |  | 233,427
Consumer |  |  | 6,055 |  |  | 35 |  |  | 2 |  |  | 7 |  |  | 44 |  |  | — |  |  | 6,099
Total |  | $ | 1,041,483 |  | $ | 1,154 |  | $ | 277 |  | $ | 7 |  | $ | 1,438 |  | $ | 5,586 |  | $ | 1,048,507

December 31, 2021 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Residential Real Estate 1-4 Family |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
First liens |  | $ | 132,224 |  | $ | 96 |  | $ | 113 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 209 |  | $ | 50 |  | $ | 132,483
Junior liens and lines of credit |  |  | 71,788 |  |  | 118 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 118 |  |  | 38 |  |  | 71,944
Total |  |  | 204,012 |  |  | 214 |  |  | 113 |  |  | — |  |  | 327 |  |  | 88 |  |  | 204,427
Residential real estate - construction |  |  | 20,233 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 424 |  |  | 20,657
Commercial real estate |  |  | 515,487 |  |  | 293 |  |  | 187 |  |  | — |  |  | 480 |  |  | 6,812 |  |  | 522,779
Commercial |  |  | 244,377 |  |  | 106 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 106 |  |  | 60 |  |  | 244,543
Consumer |  |  | 6,368 |  |  | 27 |  |  | 11 |  |  | — |  |  | 38 |  |  | — |  |  | 6,406
Total |  | $ | 990,477 |  | $ | 640 |  | $ | 311 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 951 |  | $ | 7,384 |  | $ | 998,812

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16

The following table reports the risk rating for those loans in the portfolio that are assigned an individual risk rating. Consumer purpose loans are assigned a rating of either pass or substandard based on the performance status of the loans. Substandard consumer loans are comprised of loans 90 days or more past due and still accruing, and nonaccrual loans. Commercial purpose loans may be assigned any rating in accordance with the Bank’s internal risk rating system.

| Pass |  | OAEM |  | Substandard |  | Doubtful |  |  |
(Dollars in thousands) | (1-5) |  | (6) |  | (7) |  | (8) |  | Total
September 30, 2022 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Residential Real Estate 1-4 Family |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
First liens | $ | 138,785 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 120 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 138,905
Junior liens and lines of credit |  | 74,711 |  |  | — |  |  | 38 |  |  | — |  |  | 74,749
Total |  | 213,496 |  |  | — |  |  | 158 |  |  | — |  |  | 213,654
Residential real estate - construction |  | 23,901 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 23,901
Commercial real estate |  | 555,485 |  |  | 1,104 |  |  | 14,837 |  |  | — |  |  | 571,426
Commercial |  | 230,737 |  |  | 2,571 |  |  | 119 |  |  | — |  |  | 233,427
Consumer |  | 6,099 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 6,099
Total | $ | 1,029,718 |  | $ | 3,675 |  | $ | 15,114 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 1,048,507

December 31, 2021 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Residential Real Estate 1-4 Family |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
First liens | $ | 132,433 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 50 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 132,483
Junior liens and lines of credit |  | 71,906 |  |  | — |  |  | 38 |  |  | — |  |  | 71,944
Total |  | 204,339 |  |  | — |  |  | 88 |  |  | — |  |  | 204,427
Residential real estate - construction |  | 20,233 |  |  | — |  |  | 424 |  |  | — |  |  | 20,657
Commercial real estate |  | 486,903 |  |  | 19,006 |  |  | 16,870 |  |  | — |  |  | 522,779
Commercial |  | 244,315 |  |  | 49 |  |  | 179 |  |  | — |  |  | 244,543
Consumer |  | 6,406 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 6,406
Total | $ | 962,196 |  | $ | 19,055 |  | $ | 17,561 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 998,812

The following table presents information on the Bank’s Troubled Debt Restructuring (TDR) loans as of:

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Troubled Debt Restructurings
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Within the Last 12 Months
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | That Have Defaulted
(Dollars in thousands) |  | Troubled Debt Restructurings |  | On Modified Terms
|  | Number of |  | Recorded |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Number of |  | Recorded
|  | Contracts |  | Investment |  | Performing* |  | Nonperforming* |  | Contracts |  | Investment
September 30, 2022 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Residential real estate - construction |  | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | — |  | $ | —
Residential real estate |  | 5 |  |  | 631 |  |  | 631 |  |  | — |  | — |  |  | —
Commercial real estate - owner occupied |  | 3 |  |  | 795 |  |  | 795 |  |  | — |  | — |  |  | —
Commercial real estate - farm land |  | 3 |  |  | 1,482 |  |  | 1,482 |  |  | — |  | — |  |  | —
Commercial real estate - construction and land development |  | 1 |  |  | 1,360 |  |  | 1,360 |  |  | — |  | — |  |  | —
Commercial real estate - other |  | 1 |  |  | 87 |  |  | 87 |  |  | — |  | — |  |  | —
Total |  | 13 |  | $ | 4,355 |  | $ | 4,355 |  | $ | — |  | — |  | $ | —
December 31, 2021 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Residential real estate - construction |  | 1 |  | $ | 424 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 424 |  | — |  | $ | —
Residential real estate |  | 5 |  |  | 661 |  |  | 661 |  |  | — |  | — |  |  | —
Commercial real estate - owner occupied |  | 4 |  |  | 1,161 |  |  | 1,161 |  |  | — |  | — |  |  | —
Commercial real estate - farm land |  | 4 |  |  | 1,664 |  |  | 1,664 |  |  | — |  | — |  |  | —
Commercial real estate - construction and land development |  | 1 |  |  | 1,360 |  |  | 1,360 |  |  | — |  | — |  |  | —
Commercial real estate - other |  | 2 |  |  | 294 |  |  | 294 |  |  | — |  | — |  |  | —
Total |  | 17 |  | $ | 5,564 |  | $ | 5,140 |  | $ | 424 |  | — |  | $ | —

*The performing status is determined by the loan’s compliance with the modified terms.

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17

There were no new TDR loans during the three or nine month periods ending September 30, 2022.

The following table reports new TDR loans during 2021, concession granted and the recorded investment as of September 30, 2022:

(Dollars in thousands) |  | New During Period
Twelve Months Ended |  | Number of |  |  | Pre-TDR |  |  | After-TDR |  |  | Recorded |  |
December 31, 2021 |  | Contracts |  |  | Modification |  |  | Modification |  |  | Investment |  | Concession
Residential real estate |  | 1 |  | $ | 41 |  | $ | 50 |  | $ | 40 |  | multiple

Note 7. Leases

The Corporation leases various assets in the course of its operations that are subject to recognition on the balance sheet. The Corporation considers all of its leases to be operating leases and it has no finance leases. The leased assets may include equipment, and buildings and land (collectively real estate). The equipment leases are shorter-term than the real estate leases, and generally have a fixed payment over a defined term without renewal options. Certain equipment leases have purchase options and it was determined the option was not reasonably certain to be exercised. The real estate leases are longer-term and may contain renewal options after the initial term, but none of the real estate leases contain a purchase option. The renewal options on real estate leases were reviewed and if it was determined the option was reasonably certain to be renewed, the option term was considered in the determination of the lease liability. There is only one real estate lease with a variable payment based on an index included in the lease liability. None of the leases contain any restrictive covenants and there are no significant leases that have not yet commenced. The discount rate used to determine the lease liability is based on the Bank’s fully secured borrowing rate from the Federal Home Loan Bank for a term similar to the lease term. Operating lease expense is included in net occupancy expense in the consolidated statements of income.

Lease costs:

The components of total lease cost were as follows:

|  | Three Months Ended ‎September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended ‎September 30,
(Dollars in thousands) |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Operating lease cost |  | $ | 193 |  | $ | 174 |  | $ | 566 |  | $ | 522
Short-term lease cost |  |  | 44 |  |  | 95 |  |  | 296 |  |  | 95
Variable lease cost |  |  | 40 |  |  | 25 |  |  | 95 |  |  | 74
Total lease cost |  | $ | 277 |  | $ | 294 |  | $ | 957 |  | $ | 691

Supplemental Lease Information:

|  | Nine Months Ended ‎September 30,
(Dollars in thousands) |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |
Operating cash flows from operating leases |  | $ | 550 |  | $ | 491
Weighted-average remaining lease term (years) |  |  | 12.1 |  |  | 11.2
Weighted-average discount rate |  |  | 3.35% |  |  | 3.36%

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18

Lease Obligations:

Future undiscounted lease payments for operating leases with initial terms of one year or more as of September 30, 2022 are as follows:

(Dollars in thousands) |  |  |
2022 |  | $ | 201
2023 |  |  | 818
2024 |  |  | 803
2025 |  |  | 752
2026 |  |  | 650
2027 and beyond |  |  | 4,591
Undiscounted cash flow |  |  | 7,815
Imputed Interest |  |  | (1,522)
Total lease liability |  | $ | 6,293

Note 8. Other Real Estate Owned

The Bank had no other real estate owned at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021.

Note 9. Derivatives

The Corporation is exposed to certain risks arising from both its business operations and economic conditions. The Corporation principally manages its exposures to a wide variety of business and operational risks through management of its core business activities. The Corporation manages economic risks, including interest rate, liquidity, and credit risk, primarily by managing the amount, sources, and duration of its assets and liabilities.

The Corporation’s existing credit derivatives result from participations in interest rate swaps provided by external lenders as part of loan participation arrangements. Derivatives not designated as hedges are not speculative and result from a service the Corporation provides to certain lenders which participate in loans.

The table below presents the fair value of the Corporation’s derivative financial instruments as well as their classification on the Balance Sheet.

|  | Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
|  | Derivative Liabilities
(Dollars in thousands) |  | September 30, 2022 |  |  | December 31, 2021
|  | Notional amount |  | Balance Sheet Location |  |  | Fair Value |  |  | Notional amount |  | Balance Sheet Location |  |  | Fair Value
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Other Contracts | $ | 6,513 |  | Other Liabilities |  | $ | 4 |  | $ | 6,653 |  | Other Liabilities |  | $ | 21
Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 4 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 21

The table below presents the effect of the Corporation’s derivative financial instruments that are not designated as hedging instruments on the Income Statement.

Effect of Derivatives as Hedging Instruments on the Income Statement |  |  |  |  |  |
Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments under Subtopic 815-20 |  | Location of Gain or (Loss) Recognized in Income on Derivative |  | Amount of Gain or (Loss) Recognized in Income on Derivatives |  |  |  |  |  |
(Dollars in thousands) |  |  |  | Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
|  |  |  | September 30, 2022 |  | September 30, 2021 |  | September 30, 2022 |  | September 30, 2021
Other Contracts |  | Other income |  | $ | 4 |  | $ | 3 |  | $ | 17 |  | $ | 20

As of September 30, 2022, the fair value of derivatives in a net liability position, which includes accrued interest but excludes any adjustment for nonperformance risk, related to these agreements was $4 thousand.

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Note 10. Pension

The components of pension expense for the periods presented are as follows:

|  | Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
|  | September 30, |  | September 30,
(Dollars in thousands) |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Components of net periodic cost: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Service cost |  | $ | 86 |  | $ | 107 |  | $ | 257 |  | $ | 312
Interest cost |  |  | 168 |  |  | 96 |  |  | 504 |  |  | 279
Expected return on plan assets |  |  | (249) |  |  | (280) |  |  | (746) |  |  | (834)
Settlement expense |  |  | — |  |  | 158 |  |  | — |  |  | 356
Recognized net actuarial loss |  |  | 150 |  |  | 283 |  |  | 449 |  |  | 850
Total pension expense |  | $ | 155 |  | $ | 364 |  | $ | 464 |  | $ | 963

The service cost component of pension expense is recorded in the salaries and employee benefits line and all other cost components are recorded in the nonservice pension line of the Consolidated Statements of Income.

# Note 11. Fair Value Measurements and Fair Values of Financial Instruments

Management uses its best judgment in estimating the fair value of the Corporation’s financial instruments; however, there are inherent weaknesses in any estimation technique. Therefore, for substantially all financial instruments, the fair value estimates herein are not necessarily indicative of the amounts the Corporation could have realized in a sales transaction on the dates indicated. The estimated fair value amounts have been measured as of their respective period-ends and have not been re-evaluated or updated for purposes of these financial statements subsequent to those respective dates. As such, the estimated fair values of these financial instruments subsequent to the respective reporting dates maybe different than the amounts reported at each year-end. The Corporation uses the exit price notion to measure the fair value of financial instruments.

FASB ASC Topic 820, “Financial Instruments”, requires disclosure of the fair value of financial assets and liabilities, including those financial assets and liabilities that are not measured and reported at fair value on a recurring and nonrecurring basis. The Corporation does not report any nonfinancial assets at fair value. FASB ASC Topic 820 establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation methods used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). The three levels of the fair value hierarchy under FASB ASC Topic 820 are as follows:

Level 1: Valuation is based on unadjusted, quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities.

Level 2: Valuation is based upon quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active, and model-based valuation techniques for which all significant assumptions are observable in the market. There may be substantial differences in the assumptions used for securities within the same level. For example, prices for U.S. Agency securities have fewer assumptions and are closer to level 1 valuations than the private label mortgage-backed securities that require more assumptions and are closer to level 3 valuations.

Level 3: Valuation is generated from model-based techniques that use significant assumptions not observable in the market. These unobservable assumptions reflect the Corporation’s assumptions regarding what market participants would assume when pricing a financial instrument.

An asset’s or liability’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

The following information regarding the fair value of the Corporation’s financial instruments should not be interpreted as an estimate of the fair value of the entire Corporation since a fair value calculation is only provided for a limited portion of the Corporation’s assets and liabilities. Due to a wide range of valuation techniques and the degree of subjectivity used in making the estimates, comparisons between the Corporation’s disclosures and those of other companies may not be meaningful.

The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair values of the Corporation’s financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring and nonrecurring basis.

20

Equity Securities: Equity securities are valued using quoted market prices from nationally recognized markets (Level 1). Equity securities are measured at fair value on a recurring basis.

Investment securities: Fair values of investment securities available-for-sale were primarily measured using information from a third-party pricing service. This service provides pricing information by utilizing evaluated pricing models supported with market data information. Standard inputs include benchmark yields, reported trades, broker/dealer quotes, issuer spreads, two-sided markets, benchmark securities, bids, offers, and reference data from market research publications. Level 2 investment securities are primarily comprised of debt securities issued by states and municipalities, corporations, mortgage-backed securities issued by government agencies, and government-sponsored enterprises. Fair values were estimated primarily by obtaining quoted prices for similar assets in active markets or through the use of pricing models. Investment securities are measured at fair value on a recurring basis.

Impaired Loans: The fair value of impaired loans with specific allocations of the allowance for loan losses is generally based on recent real estate appraisals conducted by an independent, licensed appraiser, less cost to sell. These appraisals may utilize a single valuation approach or a combination of approaches including comparable sales and the income approach (Level 2). If the appraiser makes an adjustment to account for differences between the comparable sales and income data available for similar loans, or if management adjusts the appraised value, then the fair value is considered Level 3. Non-real estate collateral may be valued using an appraisal, net book value per the borrower’s financial statements, or aging reports, adjusted or discounted based on management’s historical knowledge, changes in market conditions from the time of the valuation, and management’s expertise and knowledge of the client and client’s business, resulting in a Level 3 fair value classification. Impaired loans are evaluated on a quarterly basis for additional impairment and adjusted in accordance with the allowance policy. No partial charge-offs on impaired loans were taken in the third quarter of 2022. Impaired loans are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis.

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21

Recurring Fair Value Measurements

For financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis, the fair value measurements by level within the fair value hierarchy used at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 are as follows:

(Dollars in thousands) |  | Fair Value at September 30, 2022
Asset Description |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Total
Equity securities, at fair value |  | $ | 435 |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | 435
Available for sale: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Treasury |  |  | 79,909 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 79,909
Municipal |  |  | — |  |  | 169,261 |  |  | — |  |  | 169,261
Corporate |  |  | — |  |  | 24,622 |  |  | — |  |  | 24,622
Agency mortgage & asset-backed |  |  | — |  |  | 157,020 |  |  | — |  |  | 157,020
Non-Agency mortgage & asset-backed |  |  | — |  |  | 61,220 |  |  | — |  |  | 61,220
Total assets |  | $ | 80,344 |  | $ | 412,123 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 492,467

(Dollars in thousands) |  | Fair Value at December 31, 2021
Asset Description |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Total
Equity securities, at fair value |  | $ | 481 |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | 481
Available for sale: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Treasury |  |  | 84,286 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 84,286
Municipal |  |  | — |  |  | 212,227 |  |  | — |  |  | 212,227
Corporate |  |  | — |  |  | 24,939 |  |  | — |  |  | 24,939
Agency mortgage and asset-backed |  |  | — |  |  | 177,685 |  |  | — |  |  | 177,685
Non-Agency mortgage and asset-backed |  |  | — |  |  | 30,674 |  |  | — |  |  | 30,674
Total assets |  | $ | 84,767 |  | $ |  |  | $ | — |  | $ | 530,292

The fair value of derivative liabilities measured at fair value at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 was $4 thousand and $21 thousand, respectively, and was considered immaterial.

Nonrecurring Fair Value Measurements

For financial assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis, the fair value measurements by level within the fair value hierarchy used at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 are as follows:

(Dollars in Thousands) |  | Fair Value at September 30, 2022
Asset Description |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Total
Impaired loans (1) |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | 4,881 |  | $ | 4,881
Total assets |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | 4,881 |  | $ | 4,881

(Dollars in Thousands) |  | Fair Value at December 31, 2021
Asset Description |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Total
Impaired loans (1) |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | 4,880 |  | $ | 4,880
Total assets |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | 4,880 |  | $ | 4,880

(1)Includes assets that may have been charged-down to fair value during the reporting period or have a specific reserve established.

The Corporation did no t record any liabilities at fair value for which measurement of the fair value was made on a nonrecurring basis at September 30, 2022. For financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis, there were no transfers of financial assets or liabilities between Level 1 and Level 2 during the period ending September 30, 2022.

‎

22

The following table presents additional quantitative information about Level 3 assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021:

(Dollars in thousands) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Range
September 30, 2022 |  |  | Fair Value |  | Valuation Technique |  | Unobservable Input |  | (Weighted Average)
Impaired loans |  | $ | 4,881 |  | Appraisal |  | Appraisal Adjustment on: |  |
|  |  |  |  |  |  | Real estate assets |  | 20% (20%)
|  |  |  |  |  |  | Cost to sell |  | 8%
|  |  |  |  |  |  | Non-real estate assets |  | 50% - 100% (83%)
|  |  |  |  |  |  | Cost to sell |  | 8%
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Range
December 31, 2021 |  |  | Fair Value |  | Valuation Technique |  | Unobservable Input |  | (Weighted Average)
Impaired Loans |  | $ | 4,880 |  | Appraisal |  | Appraisal Adjustment on: |  |
|  |  |  |  |  |  | Real estate assets |  | 20% (20%)
|  |  |  |  |  |  | Cost to sell |  | 8%
|  |  |  |  |  |  | Non-real estate assets |  | 50% - 100% (83%)
|  |  |  |  |  |  | Cost to sell |  | 8%

The carrying amounts and estimated fair value of financial instruments not carried at fair value are as follows:

| September 30, 2022
| Carrying |  | Fair |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(Dollars in thousands) | Amount |  | Value |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3
Financial assets, carried at cost: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 210,156 |  | $ | 210,156 |  | $ | 210,156 |  | $ | — |  | $ | —
Long-term interest-bearing deposits in other banks |  | 12,476 |  |  | 12,476 |  |  | 12,476 |  |  | — |  |  | —
Loans held for sale |  | 2,349 |  |  | 2,382 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,382 |  |  | —
Net loans |  | 1,033,518 |  |  | 977,145 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 977,145
Accrued interest receivable |  | 5,784 |  |  | 5,784 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 5,784
Financial liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Deposits | $ | 1,704,983 |  | $ | 1,703,580 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 1,703,580 |  | $ | —
Subordinate notes |  | 19,615 |  |  | 17,838 |  |  | — |  |  | 17,838 |  |  | —
Accrued interest payable |  | 346 |  |  | 346 |  |  | — |  |  | 346 |  |  | —
| December 31, 2021
| Carrying |  | Fair |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(Dollars in thousands) | Amount |  | Value |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3
Financial assets, carried at cost: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 175,149 |  | $ | 175,149 |  | $ | 175,149 |  | $ | — |  | $ | —
Long-term interest-bearing deposits in other banks |  | 10,492 |  |  | 10,492 |  |  | 10,492 |  |  | — |  |  | —
Loans held for sale |  | 2,827 |  |  | 2,940 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,940 |  |  | —
Net loans |  | 983,746 |  |  | 1,003,580 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,003,580
Accrued interest receivable |  | 5,217 |  |  | 5,217 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 5,217
Financial liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Deposits | $ | 1,584,359 |  | $ | 1,616,128 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 1,616,128 |  | $ | —
Subordinate notes |  | 19,588 |  |  | 19,909 |  |  | — |  |  | 19,909 |  |  | —
Accrued interest payable |  | 83 |  |  | 83 |  |  | — |  |  | 83 |  |  | —

23

Note 12. Subordinated Notes

At September 30, 2022, t he Corporation had $20.0 million of unsecured subordinated debt notes payable, $15.0 million which mature on September 1, 2030 and $5.0 million which mature on September 1, 2035. The notes are recorded on the consolidated balance sheet net of remaining debt issuance costs totaling $385 thousand at September 30, 2022, which is being amortized on a pro-rata basis over a 5-year and 10-year period, based on the call dates of the notes, on an effective interest method. The subordinated notes totaling $15.0 million have a fixed interest rate of 5.00% through September 1, 2025, then convert to a variable rate of 90-day Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) plus 4.93% for the applicable interest periods through maturity. The subordinated notes totaling $5.0 million have a fixed interest rate of 5.25% through September 1, 2030, then convert to a variable rate of 90-day SOFR plus 4.92% for the applicable interest periods through maturity. The Corporation may, at its option, redeem the notes, in whole or in part, at any time 5-years prior to the maturity. The notes are structured to qualify as Tier 2 Capital for the Corporation and there are no debt covenants on the notes.

Note 13. Capital Ratios

Capital adequacy for the Bank is currently defined by regulatory agencies through the use of several minimum required ratios. The capital ratios to be considered “well capitalized” are: (1) Common Equity Tier 1 (CET1) of 6.5%, (2) Tier 1 Leverage of 5%, (3) Tier 1 Risk-Based Capital of 8%, and (4) Total Risk-Based Capital of 10%. In addition, a capital conservation buffer of 2.5% is applicable to all of the capital ratios except for the Tier 1 Leverage ratio. The capital conservation buffer is equal to the lowest value of the three applicable capital ratios less the regulatory minimum for each respective capital measurement. The Bank’s capital conservation buffer at September 30, 2022 was 7.61% compared to the regulatory buffer of 2.5%. Compliance with the capital conservation buffer is required in order to avoid limitations to certain capital distributions and is in addition to the minimum required capital requirements. As of September 30, 2022, the Bank was “well capitalized.”

In 2019, the Community Bank Leverage Ratio (CBLR) was approved by federal banking agencies as an optional capital measure available to Qualifying Community Banking Organizations (QCBO). If a bank qualifies as a QCBO and maintains a CBLR of 9% or greater, the bank would be considered “well-capitalized” for regulatory capital purposes and exempt from complying with the risk-based capital rule described above. The CBLR rule took effect January 1, 2020 and banks could opt-in through an election in the first quarter 2020 regulatory filing. The Bank met the criteria of a QCBO but did not opt-in to the CBLR.

The consolidated asset limit on small bank holding companies is $3.0 billion and a company with assets under that limit is not subject to the consolidated capital rules but may file reports that include capital amounts and ratios. The Corporation has elected to file those reports.

24

The following table summarizes the regulatory capital requirements and results as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 for the Corporation and the Bank:

|  |  |  |  |  | Regulatory Ratios
|  |  |  |  |  | Adequately |  | Well
|  | September 30, |  | December 31, |  | Capitalized |  | Capitalized
(Dollars in thousands) |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | Minimum |  | Minimum
Common Equity Tier 1 Risk-based Capital Ratio (1) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Franklin Financial Services Corporation |  | 14.29% |  | 15.20% |  | N/A |  | N/A
Farmers & Merchants Trust Company |  | 14.36% |  | 15.28% |  | 4.50% |  | 6.50%
Tier 1 Risk-based Capital Ratio (2) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Franklin Financial Services Corporation |  | 14.29% |  | 15.20% |  | N/A |  | N/A
Farmers & Merchants Trust Company |  | 14.36% |  | 15.28% |  | 6.00% |  | 8.00%
Total Risk-based Capital Ratio (3) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Franklin Financial Services Corporation |  | 17.34% |  | 18.41% |  | N/A |  | N/A
Farmers & Merchants Trust Company |  | 15.61% |  | 16.54% |  | 8.00% |  | 10.00%
Tier 1 Leverage Ratio (4) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Franklin Financial Services Corporation |  | 8.59% |  | 8.52% |  | N/A |  | N/A
Farmers & Merchants Trust Company |  | 8.63% |  | 8.57% |  | 4.00% |  | 5.00%
(1) Common equity Tier 1 capital/ total risk-weighted assets (2) Tier 1 capital / total risk-weighted assets
(3) Total risk-based capital / total risk-weighted assets, (4) Tier 1 capital / average quarterly assets

‎

25

Note 14. Revenue Recognition

All of the Corporation’s revenue from contracts with customers within the scope of ASC 606 is recognized in non-interest income as presented in its consolidated statements of income. Revenue generating activities that fall within the scope of ASC 606 are described as follows:

Investment and Trust Service Fees – these represent fees from wealth management (assets under management), fees from the management and settlement of estates and commissions from the sale of investment and insurance products.

Asset management fees are generally assessed based on a tiered fee schedule, based on the value of assets under management, and are recognized monthly when the service obligation is completed. Fees recognized were $1.5 million for the third quarter of 2022, compared to $1.6 million in the third quarter of 2021 and $4.9 million for the first nine months of 2022 and 2021.

Fees for estate management services are based on the estimated fair value of the estate. These fees are generally recognized monthly over an 18-month period that Management has determined to represent the average time to fulfill the performance obligations of the contract. Management has the discretion to adjust this time period as needed based upon the nature and complexity of an individual estate. Fees recognized were $113 thousand for the third quarter of 2022, compared to $130 thousand in the third quarter of 2021 and $415 thousand for the first nine months of 2022, compared to $313 thousand for the first nine months of 2021.

Commissions from the sale of investment and insurance products are recognized upon the completion of the transaction. Commissions recognized were $29 thousand for the third quarter of 2022, compared to $34 thousand for the third quarter of 2021 and $104 thousand for the first nine months of 2022, compared to $118 thousand for the first nine months of 2021.

Loan Service Charges – these represent fees on loans for services or charges that occur after the loan has been booked, for example, late payment fees. These also include fees for mortgages settled for third-party mortgage companies. All of these fees are transactional in nature and are recognized upon completion of the transaction which represents the performance obligation.

Deposit Service Charges and Fees – these represent fees from deposit customers for transaction based, account maintenance, and overdraft services. Transaction based fees include, but are not limited to, stop payment fees and overdraft fees. These fees are recognized at the time of the transaction when the performance obligation has been fulfilled. Account maintenance fees and account analysis fees are earned over the course of a month, representing the period of the performance obligation, and are recognized monthly.

Debit Card Income – this represents interchange fees from cardholder transactions conducted through the card payment network. Cardholders use the debit card to conduct point-of-sale transactions that produce interchange fees. The fees are transaction based and the fee is recognized with the processing of the transaction. These fees are reported net of cardholder rewards.

Other Service Charges and Fees – these are comprised primarily of merchant card fees, credit card fees, ATM surcharges and interchange fees and wire transfer fees. Merchant card fees represent fees the Bank earns from a third party for enrolling a customer in the processor’s program. Credit card fees represent a fee earned by the Bank for a successful referral to a card-issuing company. ATM surcharges and interchange fees are the result of Bank customers conducting ATM transactions that generate fee income and are processed through multiple card networks. All of these fees are transaction based and are recognized at the time of the transaction.

Gains/Losses on the Sale of Other Real Estate – these are recognized when control of the property transfers to the buyer.

Contract Balances

A contract asset balance occurs when an entity performs a service for a customer before the customer pays consideration (resulting in a contract receivable) or before payment is due (resulting in a contract asset). A contract liability balance is an entity’s obligation to transfer a service to a customer for which the entity has already received payment (or payment is due) from the customer. The Company’s noninterest revenue streams are largely based on transactional activity, or standard month-end revenue accruals such as asset management fees based on month-end market values. Consideration is often received immediately or shortly after the Company satisfies its performance obligation and revenue is recognized. The Company does not typically enter into longer-term revenue contracts with customers, and therefore, does not experience significant contract balances.

Contract Acquisition Costs

The Corporation expenses all contract acquisition costs as costs are incurred.

‎

26

1 Note 15. Commitments and Contingencies

In the normal course of business, the Bank is a party to financial instruments that are not reflected in the accompanying financial statements and are commonly referred to as off-balance-sheet instruments. These financial instruments are entered into primarily to meet the financing needs of the Bank’s customers and include commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit. Those instruments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit and interest rate risk not recognized in the consolidated balance sheet.

The Corporation’s exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by other parties to the financial instruments for commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit is represented by the contract or notional amount of those instruments. The Bank uses the same credit policies in making commitments and conditional obligations as they do for on-balance-sheet instruments.

The Bank had the following outstanding commitments for the periods presented:

|  | September 30, |  | December 31,
(Dollars in thousands) |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Financial instruments whose contract amounts represent credit risk |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial commitments to extend credit |  | $ | 282,414 |  | $ | 288,075
Consumer commitments to extend credit (secured) |  |  | 92,729 |  |  | 82,095
Consumer commitments to extend credit (unsecured) |  |  | 5,331 |  |  | 5,389
|  | $ | 380,474 |  | $ | 375,559
Standby letters of credit |  | $ | 30,317 |  | $ | 23,284

Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses with the exception of home equity lines and personal lines of credit and may require payment of a fee. Since many of the commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. The Bank evaluates each customer’s creditworthiness on a case-by-case basis. The amount of collateral obtained, if deemed necessary by the Bank, is based on Management’s credit evaluation of the counterparty. Collateral for most commercial commitments varies but may include accounts receivable, inventory, property, plant, and equipment, and income-producing commercial properties. Collateral for secured consumer commitments consists of liens on residential real estate.

Standby letters of credit are instruments issued by the Bank, which guarantee the beneficiary payment by the Bank in the event of default by the Bank’s customer in the nonperformance of an obligation or service. Most standby letters of credit are extended for one-year periods. Generally, the credit risk involved in issuing letters of credit is essentially the same as that involved in extending loan facilities to customers. The Bank holds collateral supporting those commitments for which collateral is deemed necessary primarily in the form of certificates of deposit and liens on real estate. Management believes that the proceeds obtained through a liquidation of such collateral would be sufficient to cover the maximum potential amount of future payments required under the corresponding guarantees. In the second quarter of 2018, the Bank established a $2.4 million allowance against letters of credit issued in connection with a commercial borrower that declared bankruptcy. In the first quarter of 2020, the Bank reversed $250 thousand of this reserve as one letter of credit was cancelled. In the second quarter of 2021, the Bank reversed $636 thousand of this reserve as a second letter of credit was cancelled. At September 30, 2022, this reserve was $1.5 million. Except for the liability recorded for standby letters of credit, liabilities for credit loss associated with off-balance sheet commitments were not material at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021.

Most of the Bank’s business activity is with customers located within its primary market and does not involve any significant concentrations of credit to any one entity or industry.

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27

Legal Proceedings

The nature of the Corporation’s business generates a certain amount of litigation.

The Corporation establishes accruals for legal proceedings when information related to the loss contingencies represented by those matters indicates both that a loss is probable, and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. When the Corporation is able to do so, it also determines estimates of possible losses, whether in excess of any accrued liability or where there is no accrued liability.

These assessments are based on the analysis of currently available information and are subject to significant judgment and a variety of assumptions and uncertainties. As new information is obtained, the Corporation may change its assessments and, as a result, take or adjust the amounts of its accruals and change its estimates of possible losses or ranges of possible losses. Due to the inherent subjectivity of the assessments and the unpredictability of outcomes of legal proceedings, any amounts that may be accrued or included in estimates of possible losses or ranges of possible losses may not represent the actual loss to the Corporation from any legal proceeding. Its exposure and ultimate losses may be higher, possibly significantly higher, than amounts it may accrue or amounts it may estimate.

In management’s opinion, the Corporation does not anticipate, at the present time, that the ultimate aggregate liability, if any, arising out of all litigation to which the Corporation is a party at this time will have a material adverse effect on its financial position. The Corporation cannot now determine, however, whether or not any claim asserted against it will have a material adverse effect on its results of operations in any future reporting period, which will depend on, among other things, the amount of loss resulting from the claim and the amount of income otherwise reported for the reporting period. Thus, at September 30, 2022, the Corporation is unable to provide an evaluation of the likelihood of an unfavorable outcome or an estimate of the amount or range of potential loss with respect to such other matters and, accordingly, have not yet established any specific accrual for such other matters.

Note 16. Reclassification

Certain prior period amounts may have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation. Such reclassifications did not affect prior year net income or shareholders’ equity.

‎

28

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Results of Operations and Financial Condition

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Results of Operations and Financial Condition

For the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 and 2021

## Forward Looking Statements

Certain statements appearing herein which are not historical in nature are forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Such forward-looking statements refer to a future period or periods, reflecting management’s current views as to likely future developments, and use words such as “may,” “will,” “expect,” “believe,” “estimate,” “anticipate,” or similar terms. Because forward-looking statements involve certain risks, uncertainties and other factors over which the Corporation has no direct control, actual results could differ materially from those contemplated in such statements. These factors include (but are not limited to) the following: general economic conditions, particularly with regard to the negative impact of severe, wide-ranging and continuing disruptions caused by, and resulting from, the spread of the coronavirus COVID-19 pandemic and affects thereof, including governmental responses thereto, changes in the rates of inflation and the effects of inflation, changes in interest rates, changes in the Corporation’s cost of funds, changes in government monetary policy, changes in government regulation and taxation of financial institutions, changes in technology, the intensification of competition within the Corporation’s market area, and other similar factors. We caution readers not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. They only reflect management’s analysis as of this date. The Corporation does not revise or update these forward-looking statements to reflect events or changed circumstances.

#### Critical Accounting Policies

Management has identified critical accounting policies for the Corporation. These policies are particularly sensitive, requiring significant judgements, estimates and assumptions to be made by Management. There were no changes to the critical accounting policies disclosed in the 2021 Annual Report on Form 10-K in regards to application or related judgments and estimates used. Please refer to Item 7 of the Corporation’s 2021 Annual Report on Form 10-K for a more detailed disclosure of the critical accounting policies.

## Results of Operations

Summary

Franklin Financial Services Corporation reported consolidated earnings of $4.6 million ($1.05 per diluted share) for the third quarter ended September 30, 2022, compared to $5.9 million ($1.31 per diluted share) for the third quarter ended September 30, 2021, and $3.6 million ($.80 per diluted share) for the second quarter of 2022. Year-to-date consolidated 2022 net income was $11.2 million ($2.52 per diluted share) compared to $16.0 million ($3.60 per diluted share) for the same nine-month period in 2021. Net income for both the third quarter of 2021 and the year-to-date period of 2021 was enhanced by a gain on the sale of the Bank’s prior headquarters building, and net income for the year-to-date period of 2021 was enhanced by a reversal of $1.9 million in the provision for loan losses.

A summary of operating results for the third quarter of 2022 and year-to-date 2022 are as follows:

Net interest income was $14.1 million for the third quarter of 2022 compared to $11.6 million for the third quarter of 2021. The third quarter of 2021 included $1.2 million of Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) interest and fees compared to $0 for the third quarter of 2022. Year-to-date, net interest income was $37.0 million (including $388 thousand of PPP interest and fees) compared to $33.3 million for the same period in 2021 (including $2.8 million of PPP interest and fees). The net interest margin increased to 3.28% for the third quarter of 2022 from 2.89% for the same quarter of the prior year. On a year-to-date comparison, the net interest margin was 2.96% for the first nine months of 2022 compared to 2.91% in 2021. The yield on earning assets increased in the third quarter 2022 versus 2021 comparison (up 0.44%) and year-over-year (up 0.06%). The year-to-date cost of interest-bearing deposits was 0.17% compared to 0.16% for 2021 while the cost of total deposits was 0.14% and 0.13% respectively in 2022 and 2021.
‎

Earning assets for the third quarter of 2022 averaged $1.7 billion compared to $1.6 billion for the same period in 2021, and year-to-date average earnings assets increased 9% from $1.6 billion to $1.7 billion. Year-to-date the average balance of interest-earning cash increased $72.2 million, and the investment portfolio increased $50.4 million. The average balance of the loan portfolio increased $16 million for the first nine

29

months of 2022 compared to 2021. The growth in the year-to-date average balance of the loan portfolio was negatively affected by a decrease of $22.0 million in the average balance of PPP loans over the comparative periods. The average balance of deposits for the year increased $173.2 million over the same period in 2021 with every deposit category increasing except for time deposits which decreased by 19.4% over the period.
‎

There was no provision for loan loss expense for the third quarter and year-to-date periods of 2022. In 2021, the provision for loan loss expense was $0 for the third quarter and a reversal of $1.9 million for the first nine months of 2021. During 2020, the allowance for loan loss was increased through the provision expense due to increased economic uncertainty stemming from the pandemic. As these risks lessened in 2021, loans reserves were released via a reversal in the provision for loan loss. Based on loan growth in 2022 and stable credit quality indicators it was determined no additional provision expense was needed during the first nine months of the year. The allowance for loan loss ratio was 1.43% of gross loans as of September 30, 2022, compared to 1.51% at December 31, 2021.
‎

Noninterest income totaled $3.7 million for the third quarter of 2022 compared to $6.2 million in the third quarter of 2021, a decline of $2.5 million (40.7%). This change was due primarily to a $346 thousand decrease on the gain on sale of mortgages and a one-time $1.8 million gain on the sale of the Bank’s prior headquarters building in the third quarter of 2021. Year-to-date, noninterest income decreased $3.3 million (21.9%) to $11.6 million compared to $14.9 million the prior year. The change was primarily from a decrease of $1.2 million in the gains on sale of mortgages and the previously mentioned gain on the sale of the Bank’s prior headquarters building.
‎

Noninterest expense for the third quarter of 2022 was $12.2 million compared to $11.0 million for the third quarter of 2021, an increase of 11.1%. Year-to-date, noninterest expense was $35.5 million compared to $31.3 million in 2021, an increase of 13.5%. The categories contributing to this increase were: salaries and benefits ($2.6 million), data processing ($687 thousand) , net occupancy ($402 thousand) and other expense ($492 thousand). Salaries and benefits increased primarily in employee compensation due to higher staffing levels, incentive compensation and health insurance costs. The increase in data processing is related to the implementation of a Customer Relationship Management system, while net occupancy increased from expenses for new leased space for community offices. Other expense increased due to a reversal of $636 thousand off-balance sheet liability during the second quarter of 2021.

Total assets at September 30, 2022 were $1.847 billion compared to $1.774 billion at December 31, 2021. Significant balance sheet changes since December 31, 2021, include:

Short-term interest-earning deposits in other banks increased $21.2 million. The amortized cost basis of the investment portfolio increased $31.3 million; however, the fair value of the portfolio decreased by $37.8 million due to higher market interest rates during the nine month period.
‎

The net loan portfolio increased $49.8 million during 2022 over the year-end 2021 balance. The largest increase occurred in the commercial real estate portfolio ($48.6 million) which was partially offset by a decrease of $11.1 million in non-real estate commercial loans. The Bank held $205 thousand in PPP loans at September 30, 2022, a decrease of $7.6 million since year-end 2021, and all PPP fees have been recognized.

Deposits increased $120.6 million (7.6%) over year-end 2021, with all deposit products showing an increase except time deposits. Interest-bearing checking accounts showed the largest increase ($80.7 million – 15.8%), primarily in commercial and municipal accounts.
‎

Shareholders’ equity decreased $48.9 million since the end of 2021. Retained earnings increased $7.0 million, after $4.3 million in dividend payments. Accumulated other comprehensive income (AOCI) decreased by $54.6 million as the fair value of the investment portfolio declined during the year due to higher market interest rates. At September 30, 2022, the book value of the Corporation’s common stock was $24.60 per share and the tangible book value was $22.55 per share. In December 2021, an open market repurchase plan was approved to repurchase 150,000 shares over a one-year period and 85,343 shares have been repurchased under the plan as of September 30, 2022. The Bank is considered to be well- capitalized under the regulatory guidance as of September 30. 2022.

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30

Key performance ratios as of, or for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 and the year ended December 31, 2021 are listed below:

|  | September 30, |  | December 31, |  | September 30,
(Dollars in thousands, except per share) |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2021
Balance Sheet Highlights |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total assets |  | $ | 1,847,162 |  | $ | 1,773,806 |  | $ | 1,732,441
Investment and equity securities |  |  | 492,467 |  |  | 530,292 |  |  | 546,261
Loans, net |  |  | 1,033,518 |  |  | 983,746 |  |  | 1,002,802
Deposits |  |  | 1,704,983 |  |  | 1,584,359 |  |  | 1,544,295
Shareholders' equity |  |  | 108,151 |  |  | 157,065 |  |  | 152,838
Summary of Operations |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest income |  | $ | 39,454 |  | $ | 47,573 |  | $ | 35,440
Interest expense |  |  | 2,471 |  |  | 2,902 |  |  | 2,178
Net interest income |  |  | 36,983 |  |  | 44,671 |  |  | 33,262
Provision for loan losses |  |  | — |  |  | (2,100) |  |  | (1,900)
Net interest income after provision for loan losses |  |  | 36,983 |  |  | 46,771 |  |  | 35,162
Noninterest income |  |  | 11,639 |  |  | 19,488 |  |  | 14,899
Noninterest expense |  |  | 35,496 |  |  | 43,245 |  |  | 31,265
Income before income taxes |  |  | 13,126 |  |  | 23,014 |  |  | 18,796
Federal income tax expense |  |  | 1,905 |  |  | 3,398 |  |  | 2,833
Net income |  | $ | 11,221 |  | $ | 19,616 |  | $ | 15,963
Performance Measurements |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Return on average assets* |  |  | 0.83% |  |  | 1.17% |  |  | 1.29%
Return on average equity* |  |  | 11.12% |  |  | 13.20% |  |  | 14.46%
Return on average tangible equity (1)* |  |  | 11.89% |  |  | 14.05% |  |  | 15.40%
Efficiency ratio (1) |  |  | 71.34% |  |  | 66.12% |  |  | 63.70%
Net interest margin* |  |  | 2.96% |  |  | 2.88% |  |  | 2.91%
Shareholders' Value (per common share) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Diluted earnings per share |  | $ | 2.52 |  | $ | 4.42 |  | $ | 3.60
Basic earnings per share |  |  | 2.53 |  |  | 4.44 |  |  | 3.61
Regular cash dividends declared |  |  | 0.96 |  |  | 1.25 |  |  | 0.93
Book value |  |  | 24.60 |  |  | 35.36 |  |  | 34.49
Tangible book value (1) |  |  | 22.55 |  |  | 33.34 |  |  | 32.46
Market value |  |  | 31.56 |  |  | 33.10 |  |  | 31.77
Market value/book value ratio |  |  | 128.29% |  |  | 93.61% |  |  | 92.11%
Market value/tangible book value ratio |  |  | 139.95% |  |  | 99.29% |  |  | 97.88%
Price/earnings multiple* |  |  | 9.39 |  |  | 7.49 |  |  | 6.62
Current quarter dividend yield |  |  | 4.06% |  |  | 3.87% |  |  | 3.90%
Dividend payout ratio year-to-date |  |  | 37.91% |  |  | 28.16% |  |  | 25.72%
Safety and Soundness |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Average equity/average assets |  |  | 7.49% |  |  | 8.89% |  |  | 8.94%
Risk-based capital ratio (Total) |  |  | 17.34% |  |  | 18.41% |  |  | 18.16%
Leverage ratio (Tier 1) |  |  | 8.59% |  |  | 8.52% |  |  | 8.53%
Common equity ratio (Tier 1) |  |  | 14.29% |  |  | 15.20% |  |  | 14.91%
Nonaccrual loans/gross loans |  |  | 0.53% |  |  | 0.74% |  |  | 0.85%
Nonperforming assets/total assets |  |  | 0.30% |  |  | 0.42% |  |  | 0.50%
Allowance for loan losses as a % of loans |  |  | 1.43% |  |  | 1.51% |  |  | 1.51%
Net loans (charged-off) recovered/average loans* |  |  | -0.01% |  |  | 0.04% |  |  | 0.06%
Assets under Management |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Trust assets under management (fair value) |  | $ | 810,954 |  | $ | 946,964 |  | $ | 907,441
Held at third-party brokers (fair value) |  |  | 104,127 |  |  | 118,046 |  |  | 115,120

*Year-to-date annualized

(1) See the section titled “GAAP versus Non-GAAP Presentation” that follows.

31

GAAP versus non-GAAP Presentations – The Corporation supplements its traditional GAAP measurements with certain non-GAAP measurements to evaluate its performance and to eliminate the effect of intangible assets. By eliminating intangible assets (Goodwill), the Corporation believes it presents a measurement that is comparable to companies that have no intangible assets or to companies that have eliminated intangible assets in similar calculations. However, not all companies may use the same calculation method for each measurement. The non-GAAP measurements are not intended to be used as a substitute for the related GAAP measurements. Non-GAAP financial measures should be viewed in addition to, and not as an alternative for, our reported results prepared in accordance with GAAP. In the event of such a disclosure or release, the Securities and Exchange Commission’s Regulation G requires: (i) the presentation of the most directly comparable financial measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP and (ii) a reconciliation of the differences between the non-GAAP financial measure presented and the most directly comparable financial measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP. The following table shows the calculation of the non-GAAP measurements as of, or for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 and the year ended December 31, 2021.

(Dollars in thousands, except per share) |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | September 30, 2022 |  | December 31, 2021 |  | September 30, 2021
Return on Tangible Equity (non-GAAP) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net income |  | $ | 11,221 |  | $ | 19,616 |  | $ | 15,963
Average shareholders' equity |  |  | 134,898 |  |  | 148,637 |  |  | 147,198
Less average intangible assets |  |  | (9,016) |  |  | (9,016) |  |  | (9,016)
Average tangible equity (non-GAAP) |  |  | 125,882 |  |  | 139,621 |  |  | 138,182
Return on average tangible equity (non-GAAP)* |  |  | 11.89% |  |  | 14.05% |  |  | 15.40%
Tangible Book Value (per share) (non-GAAP) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Shareholders' equity |  | $ | 108,151 |  | $ | 157,065 |  | $ | 152,838
Less intangible assets |  |  | (9,016) |  |  | (9,016) |  |  | (9,016)
Tangible book value (non-GAAP) |  |  | 99,135 |  |  | 148,049 |  |  | 143,822
Shares outstanding (in thousands) |  |  | 4,396 |  |  | 4,441 |  |  | 4,431
Tangible book value per share (non-GAAP) |  | $ | 22.55 |  | $ | 33.34 |  | $ | 32.46
Efficiency Ratio |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Noninterest expense |  | $ | 35,496 |  | $ | 43,245 |  | $ | 31,265
Net interest income |  |  | 36,983 |  |  | 44,671 |  |  | 33,262
Plus tax equivalent adjustment to net interest income |  |  | 1,055 |  |  | 1,466 |  |  | 1,098
Plus noninterest income, net of securities transactions |  |  | 11,719 |  |  | 19,271 |  |  | 14,725
Total revenue |  |  | 49,757 |  |  | 65,408 |  |  | 49,085
Efficiency ratio (Noninterest expense/total revenue) |  |  | 71.34% |  |  | 66.12% |  |  | 63.70%
* Year-to-date annualized |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

## Net Interest Income

The largest source of the Corporation’s earnings is net interest income, which is defined as the difference between income on interest-earning assets and the expense of interest-bearing liabilities supporting those assets. Principal categories of interest-earning assets are loans and securities, while deposits, short-term borrowings and long-term debt are the principal categories of interest-bearing liabilities. Demand deposits enhance net interest income because they are noninterest-bearing deposits. For the purpose of this discussion, balance sheet items refer to the average balance for the year and net interest income is adjusted to a fully taxable-equivalent basis. This tax-equivalent adjustment facilitates performance comparisons between taxable and tax-free assets by increasing the tax-free income by an amount equivalent to the Federal income taxes that would have been paid if this income were taxable at the Corporation’s 21% Federal statutory rate.

32

## Comparison of the three months ended September 30, 2022 to the three months ended September 30, 2021:

Tax equivalent net interest income increased $2.4 million to $14.4 million in the third quarter of 2022 compared to $12.0 million for the same period in 2021. Balance sheet volume contributed $402 thousand to the increase and a change in rates added $2.1 million.

The following table presents average balances, tax-equivalent (T/E) interest income, and yields earned or rates paid on the assets or liabilities. Loans are presented by primary loan purpose and nonaccrual loans are included in the average loan balance used to calculate the yield. All nontaxable interest income has been adjusted to a tax-equivalent basis using a tax rate of 21%.

| For the Three Months Ended September 30,
| 2022 |  | 2021
| Average |  | Income or |  | Average |  | Average |  | Income or |  | Average
(Dollars in thousands) | balance |  | expense |  | yield/rate |  | balance |  | expense |  | yield/rate
Interest-earning assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest-earning obligations in other banks | $ | 181,609 |  | $ | 1,022 |  | 2.23% |  | $ | 109,617 |  | $ | 66 |  | 0.24%
Investment securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Taxable |  | 429,336 |  |  | 2,733 |  | 2.52% |  |  | 434,380 |  |  | 1,907 |  | 1.74%
Tax Exempt |  | 84,624 |  |  | 659 |  | 3.09% |  |  | 91,742 |  |  | 663 |  | 2.89%
Investments |  | 513,959 |  |  | 3,392 |  | 2.62% |  |  | 526,122 |  |  | 2,570 |  | 1.94%
Loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial, industrial and agricultural |  | 884,290 |  |  | 9,473 |  | 4.25% |  |  | 845,154 |  |  | 8,785 |  | 4.09%
Residential mortgage |  | 71,363 |  |  | 631 |  | 3.51% |  |  | 70,614 |  |  | 604 |  | 3.48%
Home equity loans and lines |  | 88,349 |  |  | 765 |  | 3.44% |  |  | 84,133 |  |  | 535 |  | 2.52%
Consumer |  | 5,798 |  |  | 107 |  | 7.32% |  |  | 6,968 |  |  | 109 |  | 6.21%
Loans |  | 1,049,799 |  |  | 10,976 |  | 4.15% |  |  | 1,006,869 |  |  | 10,033 |  | 3.92%
Total interest-earning assets |  | 1,745,367 |  | $ | 15,390 |  | 3.50% |  |  | 1,642,608 |  | $ | 12,669 |  | 3.06%
Other assets |  | 92,531 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 70,210 |  |  |  |  |
Total assets | $ | 1,837,898 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 1,712,818 |  |  |  |  |
Interest-bearing liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Deposits: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest-bearing checking | $ | 575,766 |  | $ | 206 |  | 0.14% |  | $ | 489,639 |  | $ | 138 |  | 0.11%
Money Management |  | 601,941 |  |  | 426 |  | 0.28% |  |  | 544,660 |  |  | 208 |  | 0.15%
Savings |  | 130,842 |  |  | 19 |  | 0.06% |  |  | 114,224 |  |  | 16 |  | 0.06%
Time |  | 61,688 |  |  | 66 |  | 0.42% |  |  | 69,602 |  |  | 85 |  | 0.48%
Total interest-bearing deposits |  | 1,370,237 |  |  | 717 |  | 0.21% |  |  | 1,218,125 |  |  | 447 |  | 0.15%
Subordinated Notes |  | 19,609 |  |  | 263 |  | 5.36% |  |  | 19,575 |  |  | 263 |  | 5.37%
Total interest-bearing liabilities |  | 1,389,846 |  |  | 980 |  | 0.28% |  |  | 1,237,700 |  |  | 710 |  | 0.23%
Noninterest-bearing deposits |  | 313,781 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 305,617 |  |  |  |  |
Other liabilities |  | 10,659 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 15,201 |  |  |  |  |
Shareholders' equity |  | 123,612 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 154,300 |  |  |  |  |
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity | $ | 1,837,898 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 1,712,818 |  |  |  |  |
T/E net interest income/Net interest margin |  |  |  |  | 14,410 |  | 3.28% |  |  |  |  |  | 11,959 |  | 2.89%
Tax equivalent Adjustment |  |  |  |  | (347) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (365) |  |
Net interest income |  |  |  | $ | 14,063 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 11,594 |  |
Net Interest Spread |  |  |  |  |  |  | 3.22% |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2.83%
Cost of Funds |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.23% |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.18%
Cost of Deposits |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.17% |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.12%

## Provision for Loan Losses

The Bank had provision for loan loss expense of $0 for each of the third quarters of 2022 and 2021, respectively. For more information refer to the Loan Quality and Allowance for Loan Losses discussion in the Financial Condition section.

33

Noninterest Income

For the third quarter of 2022, noninterest income decreased $2.5 million from the same period in 2021. Investment and trust service fees and loan service charges decreased slightly, while gains on sale of loans decreased as the volume of mortgages sold decreased. Debit card income decreased primarily due to the introduction of a customer rewards program. The life insurance gain in 2021 was from a bank-owned life insurance policy. The gain on sale of premise in 2021 was from the sale of the prior headquarters at 20 South Main Street Chambersburg, PA as previously reported.

The following table presents a comparison of noninterest income for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021:

|  | For the Three Months Ended |  |  |  |  |
|  | September 30, |  | Change
(Dollars in thousands) |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | Amount |  | %
Noninterest Income |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investment and trust services fees |  | $ | 1,661 |  | $ | 1,740 |  | $ | (79) |  | (4.5)
Loan service charges |  |  | 177 |  |  | 224 |  |  | (47) |  | (21.0)
Gain on sale of loans |  |  | 183 |  |  | 529 |  |  | (346) |  | (65.4)
Deposit service charges and fees |  |  | 629 |  |  | 674 |  |  | (45) |  | (6.7)
Other service charges and fees |  |  | 443 |  |  | 397 |  |  | 46 |  | 11.6
Debit card income |  |  | 497 |  |  | 550 |  |  | (53) |  | (9.6)
Increase in cash surrender value of life insurance |  |  | 109 |  |  | 109 |  |  | — |  | —
Bank owned life insurance gain |  |  | — |  |  | 147 |  |  | (147) |  | (100.0)
Net (losses) gains on sales of debt securities |  |  | (15) |  |  | — |  |  | (15) |  | NA
Change in fair value of equity securities |  |  | (61) |  |  | (9) |  |  | (52) |  | 577.8
Gain on sale of premise |  |  | — |  |  | 1,776 |  |  | (1,776) |  | (100.0)
Other |  |  | 40 |  |  | 45 |  |  | (5) |  | (11.1)
Total noninterest income |  | $ | 3,663 |  | $ | 6,182 |  | $ | (2,519) |  | (40.7)

Noninterest Expense

Noninterest expense for the third quarter of 2022 increased $1.2 million compared to the same period in 2021. Salary expense increased primarily due to additional expense for incentive compensation programs and new positions. Net occupancy increased primarily from depreciation on the Bank’s new headquarters. Marketing and advertising expense increased primarily from sponsorships of community events. Data processing expenses were higher due primarily to the implementation of a customer relationship management system that began in the fourth quarter of 2021. Nonservice pension costs decreased as 2021 included pension settlement expenses. Other expenses decreased in 2022 primarily due to lower state tax expense.

The following table presents a comparison of noninterest expense for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021:

|  | For the Three Months Ended |  |  |  |  |
(Dollars in thousands) |  | September 30, |  | Change
Noninterest Expense |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | Amount |  | %
Salaries and benefits |  | $ | 7,089 |  | $ | 5,958 |  | $ | 1,131 |  | 19.0
Net occupancy |  |  | 1,124 |  |  | 908 |  |  | 216 |  | 23.8
Marketing and advertising |  |  | 433 |  |  | 413 |  |  | 20 |  | 4.8
Legal and professional |  |  | 581 |  |  | 579 |  |  | 2 |  | 0.3
Data processing |  |  | 1,146 |  |  | 1,040 |  |  | 106 |  | 10.2
Pennsylvania bank shares tax |  |  | 335 |  |  | 308 |  |  | 27 |  | 8.8
FDIC insurance |  |  | 197 |  |  | 181 |  |  | 16 |  | 8.8
ATM/debit card processing |  |  | 359 |  |  | 342 |  |  | 17 |  | 5.0
Telecommunications |  |  | 114 |  |  | 101 |  |  | 13 |  | 12.9
Nonservice pension |  |  | 69 |  |  | 257 |  |  | (188) |  | (73.2)
Other |  |  | 753 |  |  | 899 |  |  | (146) |  | (16.2)
Total noninterest expense |  | $ | 12,200 |  | $ | 10,986 |  | $ | 1,214 |  | 11.1

34

## Provision for Income Taxes

For the third quarter of 2022, the Corporation recorded a Federal income tax expense of $895 thousand compared to $928 thousand for the same quarter in 2021. The effective tax rate for the third quarter of 2022 was 16.2% compared to 13.7% for the third quarter of 2021. The federal statutory tax rate is 21% for 2022 and 2021.

## Comparison of the nine months ended September 30, 2022 to the nine months ended September 30, 2021:

Tax equivalent net interest income increased $3.6 million to $38.0 million in the first nine months of 2022 compared to $34.4 million for the same period in 2021. Balance sheet volume contributed $1.3 million to the increase and a change in rates added $2.3 million.

The following table presents average balances, tax-equivalent (T/E) interest income, and yields earned or rates paid on the assets or liabilities. Loans are presented by primary loan purpose and nonaccrual loans are included in the average loan balance used to calculate the yield. All nontaxable interest income has been adjusted to a tax-equivalent basis using a tax rate of 21%.

| For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2022 |  | 2021
| Average |  | Income or |  | Average |  | Average |  | Income or |  | Average
(Dollars in thousands) | balance |  | expense |  | yield/rate |  | balance |  | expense |  | yield/rate
Interest-earning assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest-earning obligations in other banks | $ | 176,523 |  | $ | 1,542 |  | 1.17% |  | $ | 104,340 |  | $ | 178 |  | 0.23%
Investment securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Taxable |  | 428,572 |  |  | 6,753 |  | 2.11% |  |  | 374,436 |  |  | 5,301 |  | 1.89%
Tax Exempt |  | 88,558 |  |  | 1,980 |  | 2.99% |  |  | 92,310 |  |  | 1,997 |  | 2.89%
Investments |  | 517,130 |  |  | 8,733 |  | 2.26% |  |  | 466,746 |  |  | 7,298 |  | 2.09%
Loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial, industrial and agricultural |  | 863,933 |  |  | 26,239 |  | 4.06% |  |  | 850,191 |  |  | 25,355 |  | 3.94%
Residential mortgage |  | 67,589 |  |  | 1,765 |  | 3.49% |  |  | 68,413 |  |  | 1,792 |  | 3.51%
Home equity loans and lines |  | 86,896 |  |  | 1,922 |  | 2.96% |  |  | 83,052 |  |  | 1,577 |  | 2.54%
Consumer |  | 5,918 |  |  | 307 |  | 6.94% |  |  | 6,929 |  |  | 338 |  | 6.52%
Loans |  | 1,024,336 |  |  | 30,233 |  | 3.95% |  |  | 1,008,585 |  |  | 29,062 |  | 3.82%
Total interest-earning assets |  | 1,717,989 |  | $ | 40,509 |  | 3.15% |  |  | 1,579,671 |  | $ | 36,538 |  | 3.09%
Other assets |  | 83,627 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 66,296 |  |  |  |  |
Total assets | $ | 1,801,614 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 1,645,967 |  |  |  |  |
Interest-bearing liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Deposits: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest-bearing checking | $ | 541,865 |  | $ | 508 |  | 0.13% |  | $ | 463,368 |  | $ | 372 |  | 0.11%
Money Management |  | 594,796 |  |  | 917 |  | 0.21% |  |  | 529,257 |  |  | 612 |  | 0.15%
Savings |  | 127,936 |  |  | 55 |  | 0.06% |  |  | 110,792 |  |  | 47 |  | 0.06%
Time |  | 66,176 |  |  | 205 |  | 0.41% |  |  | 71,946 |  |  | 359 |  | 0.67%
Total interest-bearing deposits |  | 1,330,773 |  |  | 1,684 |  | 0.17% |  |  | 1,175,363 |  |  | 1,390 |  | 0.16%
Subordinated Notes |  | 19,600 |  |  | 787 |  | 5.34% |  |  | 19,567 |  |  | 788 |  | 5.37%
Total interest-bearing liabilities |  | 1,350,373 |  |  | 2,471 |  | 0.24% |  |  | 1,194,930 |  |  | 2,178 |  | 0.24%
Noninterest-bearing deposits |  | 306,358 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 288,558 |  |  |  |  |
Other liabilities |  | 9,985 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 15,281 |  |  |  |  |
Shareholders' equity |  | 134,898 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 147,198 |  |  |  |  |
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity | $ | 1,801,614 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 1,645,967 |  |  |  |  |
T/E net interest income/Net interest margin |  |  |  |  | 38,038 |  | 2.96% |  |  |  |  |  | 34,360 |  | 2.91%
Tax equivalent Adjustment |  |  |  |  | (1,055) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (1,098) |  |
Net interest income |  |  |  | $ | 36,983 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 33,262 |  |
Net Interest Spread |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2.91% |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2.85%
Cost of Funds |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.20% |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.20%
Cost of Deposits |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.14% |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.13%

35

## Provision for Loan Losses

The Bank had provision for loan loss expense of $0 for the first nine months of 2022, compared to a reversal of $1.9 million in the first nine months of 2021. For more information refer to the Loan Quality and Allowance for Loan Losses discussion in the Financial Condition section.

Noninterest Income

For the first nine months of 2022, noninterest income decreased $3.3 million from the same period in 2021. Investment and trust service fees increased primarily due to an increase in asset management fees. Gains on sale of loans decreased as the volume of mortgages sold decreased. Deposit service charges increased from a new product introduced in the third quarter of 2021. Debit card income decreased due to the introduction of a customer rewards program. The life insurance gain in 2021 was from a bank-owned life insurance policy. The gain on sale of premise in 2021 was from the sale of the prior headquarters at 20 South Main Street Chambersburg, PA as previously reported.

The following table presents a comparison of noninterest income for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021:

|  | For the Nine Months Ended |  |  |  |  |
|  | September 30, |  | Change
(Dollars in thousands) |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | Amount |  | %
Noninterest Income |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investment and trust services fees |  | $ | 5,407 |  | $ | 5,282 |  | $ | 125 |  | 2.4
Loan service charges |  |  | 533 |  |  | 647 |  |  | (114) |  | (17.6)
Gain on sale of loans |  |  | 692 |  |  | 1,866 |  |  | (1,174) |  | (62.9)
Deposit service charges and fees |  |  | 1,885 |  |  | 1,613 |  |  | 272 |  | 16.9
Other service charges and fees |  |  | 1,293 |  |  | 1,214 |  |  | 79 |  | 6.5
Debit card income |  |  | 1,393 |  |  | 1,642 |  |  | (249) |  | (15.2)
Increase in cash surrender value of life insurance |  |  | 326 |  |  | 336 |  |  | (10) |  | (3.0)
Bank owned life insurance gain |  |  | — |  |  | 147 |  |  | (147) |  | (100.0)
Net (losses) gains on sales of debt securities |  |  | (34) |  |  | 91 |  |  | (125) |  | (137.4)
Change in fair value of equity securities |  |  | (46) |  |  | 83 |  |  | (129) |  | (155.4)
Gain on sale of premise |  |  | — |  |  | 1,776 |  |  | (1,776) |  | (100.0)
Other |  |  | 190 |  |  | 202 |  |  | (12) |  | (5.9)
Total noninterest income |  | $ | 11,639 |  | $ | 14,899 |  | $ | (3,260) |  | (21.9)

Noninterest Expense

Noninterest expense for the first nine months of 2022 increased $4.2 million compared to the same period in 2021. Salary expense increased primarily due to additional expense for incentive compensation programs and new positions and increased health insurance expenses, offset by a decrease in commissions. Net occupancy increased due to depreciation on the Bank’s new headquarters and rent for new community office locations. Marketing and advertising expense increased primarily from sponsorships of community events. Data processing expenses were higher due primarily to the implementation of a customer relationship management (CRM) system that began in the fourth quarter of 2021. The CRM is expected to enhance operational efficiency and customer service going forward. Nonservice pension costs decreased as 2021 included pension settlement expenses. Other expenses increased due to a reversal of $636 thousand for an off-balance sheet liability during the second quarter of 2021.

36

The following table presents a comparison of noninterest expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021:

|  | For the Nine Months Ended |  |  |  |  |
(Dollars in thousands) |  | September 30, |  | Change
Noninterest Expense |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | Amount |  | %
Salaries and employee benefits |  | $ | 20,500 |  | $ | 17,861 |  | $ | 2,639 |  | 14.8
Net occupancy |  |  | 3,077 |  |  | 2,675 |  |  | 402 |  | 15.0
Marketing and advertising |  |  | 1,391 |  |  | 1,153 |  |  | 238 |  | 20.6
Legal and professional |  |  | 1,580 |  |  | 1,552 |  |  | 28 |  | 1.8
Data processing |  |  | 3,544 |  |  | 2,857 |  |  | 687 |  | 24.0
Pennsylvania bank shares tax |  |  | 813 |  |  | 708 |  |  | 105 |  | 14.8
FDIC insurance |  |  | 550 |  |  | 563 |  |  | (13) |  | (2.3)
ATM/debit card processing |  |  | 1,065 |  |  | 967 |  |  | 98 |  | 10.1
Telecommunications |  |  | 313 |  |  | 314 |  |  | (1) |  | (0.3)
Nonservice pension |  |  | 207 |  |  | 651 |  |  | (444) |  | (68.2)
Other |  |  | 2,456 |  |  | 1,964 |  |  | 492 |  | 25.1
Total noninterest expense |  | $ | 35,496 |  | $ | 31,265 |  | $ | 4,231 |  | 13.5

## Provision for Income Taxes

For the first nine months of 2022, the Corporation recorded a Federal income tax expense of $1.9 million compared to $2.8 million for the same quarter in 2021. The effective tax rate for the first nine months of 2022 was 14.5% compared to 15.1% for the first nine months of 2021. The federal statutory tax rate is 21% for 2022 and 2021.

Financial Condition

Cash and Cash Equivalents:

Cash and cash equivalents totaled $210.1 million at September 30, 2022, an increase of $35.0 million from the prior year-end balance of $175.1 million. Interest-earning deposits are held primarily at the Federal Reserve ($180.5 million).

Investment Securities:

AFS Securities: The AFS securities portfolio has increased $31.3 million on an amortized cost basis since year-end 2021. The portfolio is comprised primarily of municipal securities and mortgage and asset-backed securities issued by U.S. Agencies at approximately 34% and 32% of the portfolio fair value, respectively. The weighted average life of the portfolio was 5.5 years.

The AFS securities portfolio had a net unrealized loss of $65.0 million at September 30, 2022 compared to a net unrealized gain of $4.1 million at the prior year-end due primarily to an increase in market interest rates. The portfolio averaged $517.1 million with a tax-equivalized yield of 2.26% for the nine months ended September 30, 2022. This compares to an average of $466.7 million and a tax-equivalized yield of 2.09% for the same period in 2021.

The municipal bond portfolio is well diversified geographically (201 issuers) and is comprised primarily of general obligation bonds (64%). Many municipal bonds have credit enhancements in the form of private bond insurance or other credit support. The largest geographic municipal bond exposure is in the states of Texas (14%), California (11%), Pennsylvania (11%), and Michigan (10%). The average rating of the municipal portfolio from Moody’s is AA. No municipal bonds are rated below investment grade.

Temporary impairment in the investment portfolio, measured by gross unrealized losses, was $65.0 million, compared to $4.7 million at December 31, 2021. The municipal bond portfolio had the largest unrealized loss of $34.1 million, 52% of the total unrealized loss ($65.0 million). There are 216 securities in this portfolio with an unrealized loss and the loss in this portfolio is deemed to be non-credit related and no other-than-temporary impairment charges have been recorded.

The corporate portfolio is comprised predominantly of 46 fixed rate bank issued subordinated notes with a fair value of $20.6 million. This portfolio has an unrealized loss of $1.7 million on 46 securities with a fair value of $23.0 million. At September 30, 2022, the Bank believes it will be able to collect all interest and principal due on these bonds and no other-than-temporary-impairment charges were recorded.

The unrealized loss in the non-agency mortgage and asset-backed securities portfolio increased $4.0 million from December 31, 2021. Many of these securities have credit enhancement in the form of overcollateralization. Management fully expects to be paid back at par and no other-than-temporary impairment charges have been recorded.

Restricted Stock at Cost: The Bank held $644 thousand of restricted stock at September 30, 2022. Except for $30 thousand, this investment represents stock in FHLB Pittsburgh. The Bank is required to hold this stock to be a member of

37

FHLB and it is carried at cost of $100 per share. The level of FHLB stock held is determined by FHLB and is comprised of a minimum membership amount plus a variable activity amount. FHLB stock is evaluated for impairment primarily based on an assessment of the ultimate recoverability of its cost. As a government sponsored entity, FHLB has the ability to raise funding through the U.S. Treasury that can be used to support its operations. There is not a public market for FHLB stock and the benefits of FHLB membership (e.g., liquidity and low-cost funding) add value to the stock beyond purely financial measures. Management intends to remain a member of the FHLB and believes that it will be able to fully recover the cost basis of this investment.

See Note 4 of the accompanying financial statements for additional information on Investment Securities.

Loans:

Residential real estate: This category is comprised of consumer purpose loans secured by residential real estate and to a lesser extent, commercial purpose loans secured by residential real estate. The consumer purpose category represents traditional residential mortgage loans and home equity products (primarily junior liens and lines of credit). Commercial purpose loans in this category represent loans made for various business needs but are secured with residential real estate. In addition to the real estate collateral, it is possible that additional security is provided by personal guarantees or UCC filings. These loans are underwritten as commercial loans and are not originated to be sold.

Total residential real estate loans increased by $9.2 million over year-end 2021. For the first nine months of 2022, the Bank originated $40.3 million of mortgages held for sale and sold $41.5 million through third party brokerage agreements. The Bank does not originate or hold any loans that would be considered sub-prime or Alt-A and does not generally originate mortgages outside of its primary market area.

Residential real estate construction: This category contains loans for the vertical construction of 1-4 family residential properties. The largest component of this category represents loans to residential real estate developers ($12.8 million), while loans for individuals to construct personal residences totaled $11.1 million at September 30, 2022. The Bank’s exposure to residential construction loans is concentrated primarily in south central Pennsylvania. Real estate construction loans, including residential real estate and land development loans, occasionally provide an interest reserve in order to assist the developer during the development stage when minimal cash flow is generated. All real estate construction loans are underwritten in the same manner, regardless of the use of an interest reserve.

Commercial real estate (CRE): This category includes commercial, industrial, farm and agricultural loans and land development loans, where real estate serves as the primary collateral for the loans. Total commercial real estate loans increased to $571.4 million from $522.8 million at the end of 2021. The largest sectors (by collateral) in the commercial real estate category are: apartment buildings ($90.9 million), hotels and motels ($78.0 million), office buildings ($55.5 million), shopping centers ($52.2 million), and development land ($46.8 million). The majority of the Bank’s hotel exposure is located along the Interstate 81 (I-81) corridor through south-central Pennsylvania. The portfolio is comprised of properties operating under 18 flagged brands and 3 independent operators.

Also included in CRE are real estate construction loans totaling $108.6 million. At September 30, 2022, the Bank had $35.8 million in real estate construction loans funded with an interest reserve and capitalized $568 thousand of interest in 2022 from these reserves on active projects for commercial construction. Real estate construction loans are monitored on a regular basis by either an independent third-party inspector or the assigned loan officer depending on loan amount or complexity of the project. This monitoring process includes at a minimum, the submission of invoices and American Institute of Architects (AIA) documents (depending on the complexity of the project) detailing costs incurred by the borrower, on-site inspections, and a signature by the assigned loan officer for disbursement of funds.

Commercial: This category includes commercial, industrial, farm, agricultural, and municipal loans. Commercial loans decreased $11.1 million to $233.4 million at September 30, 2022, compared to $244.5 million at the end of 2021 primarily due to $7.6 million of PPP forgiveness. At September 30, 2022, the balance of PPP loans was $205 thousand, down from $7.8 million at year-end. At September 30, 2022, the Bank had approximately $120.0 million in tax-free loans. The largest sectors (by industry) in the commercial category are: public administration ($51.0 million), utilities ($43.5 million), real estate rental and leasing ($23.9 million), manufacturing ($19.2 million) and construction ($13.5 million).

Participations: The Bank may supplement its own commercial loan production by purchasing loan participations. These participations are primarily located in south-central Pennsylvania. At September 30, 2022, the outstanding commercial participations were $66.9 million, 8.3% of commercial purpose loans and 6.4% of total gross loans compared to $77.5 million at December 31, 2021, 10.1% of commercial purpose loans and 7.8% of total gross loans. The Bank’s total exposure (including outstanding balances and unfunded commitments) to purchased participations is $88.9 million, compared to $95.9 million at December 31, 2021. The commercial loan participations are comprised of $11.4 million of Commercial loans and $55.5 million of CRE loans, reported in the respective loan class.

Consumer loans: This category decreased by $307 thousand to $6.1 million at September 30, 2022, compared to $6.4 million at prior year-end and is comprised primarily of unsecured personal lines of credit.

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The following table presents a summary of loans outstanding, by class as of:

|  | September 30, |  | December 31, |  |  | Change
(Dollars in thousands) |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  |  | Amount |  | %
Residential Real Estate 1-4 Family |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Consumer first liens |  | $ | 78,686 |  | $ | 71,828 |  | $ | 6,858 |  | 9.5
Commercial first lien |  |  | 60,219 |  |  | 60,655 |  |  | (436) |  | (0.7)
Total first liens |  |  | 138,905 |  |  | 132,483 |  |  | 6,422 |  | 4.8
Consumer junior liens and lines of credit |  |  | 70,423 |  |  | 67,103 |  |  | 3,320 |  | 4.9
Commercial junior liens and lines of credit |  |  | 4,326 |  |  | 4,841 |  |  | (515) |  | (10.6)
Total junior liens and lines of credit |  |  | 74,749 |  |  | 71,944 |  |  | 2,805 |  | 3.9
Total residential real estate 1-4 family |  |  | 213,654 |  |  | 204,427 |  |  | 9,227 |  | 4.5
Residential real estate - construction |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Consumer |  |  | 11,125 |  |  | 8,278 |  |  | 2,847 |  | 34.4
Commercial |  |  | 12,776 |  |  | 12,379 |  |  | 397 |  | 3.2
Total residential real estate construction |  |  | 23,901 |  |  | 20,657 |  |  | 3,244 |  | 15.7
Commercial real estate |  |  | 571,426 |  |  | 522,779 |  |  | 48,647 |  | 9.3
Commercial |  |  | 233,427 |  |  | 244,543 |  |  | (11,116) |  | (4.5)
Total commercial |  |  | 804,853 |  |  | 767,322 |  |  | 37,531 |  | 4.9
Consumer |  |  | 6,099 |  |  | 6,406 |  |  | (307) |  | (4.8)
|  |  | 1,048,507 |  |  | 998,812 |  |  | 49,695 |  | 5.0
Less: Allowance for loan losses |  |  | (14,989) |  |  | (15,066) |  |  | 77 |  | (0.5)
Net Loans |  | $ | 1,033,518 |  | $ | 983,746 |  | $ | 49,772 |  | 5.1

Loan Quality:

Management utilizes a risk rating scale ranging from 1-Prime to 9-Loss to evaluate loan quality. This risk rating scale is used primarily for commercial purpose loans. Consumer purpose loans are identified as either a pass or substandard rating based on the performance status of the loans. Substandard consumer loans are loans that are 90 days or more past due and still accruing. Loans rated 1 – 4 are considered Pass credits. Loans rated 5 are Pass credits but have been identified as credits that are likely to warrant additional attention and monitoring. Loans rated 6-Other Asset Especially Mentioned (OAEM) or worse begin to receive enhanced monitoring and reporting by the Bank. Loans rated 7-Substandard or 8-Doubtful exhibit the greatest financial weakness and present the greatest possible risk of loss to the Bank. Nonaccrual loans are rated no better than 7-Substandard. The following factors represent some of the factors used in determining the risk rating of a borrower: cash flow, debt coverage, liquidity, management, and collateral. Risk ratings, for pass credits, are generally reviewed annually for term debt and at renewal for revolving or renewing debt. The Bank monitors loan quality by reviewing three primary measurements: (1) loans rated 6-OAEM or worse (collectively “watch list”), (2) delinquent loans, and (3) net-charge-offs.

Watch list loans exhibit financial weaknesses that increase the potential risk of default or loss to the Bank. However, inclusion on the watch list, does not by itself, mean a loss is certain. The watch list totaled $18.8 million at September 30, 2022 compared to $36.6 million at December 31, 2021. The watch list includes both performing and nonperforming loans. Included in the watchlist total are $5.6 million of nonaccrual loans. The credit composition of the watch list (loans rated 6, 7, or 8), by primary collateral is shown in Note 6 of the accompanying financial statements.

Delinquent loans are a result of borrowers’ cash flow and/or alternative sources of cash being insufficient to repay loans. The Bank’s likelihood of collateral liquidation to repay the loans becomes more probable the further behind a borrower falls, particularly when loans reach 90 days or more past due. Management monitors the performance status of loans by the use of an aging report. The aging report can provide an early indicator of loans that may become severely delinquent and possibly result in a loss to the Bank. See Note 6 in the accompanying financial statements for a table that presents the aging of payments in the loan portfolio.

Nonaccruing loans generally represent Management’s determination that the borrower will be unable to repay the loan in accordance with its contractual terms and that collateral liquidation may or may not fully repay both interest and principal. It is the Bank’s policy to evaluate the probable collectability of principal and interest due under terms of loan contracts for all loans 90-days or more past due, nonaccrual loans, or impaired loans. Further, it is the Bank’s policy to

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discontinue accruing interest on loans that are not adequately secured and in the process of collection. Upon determination of nonaccrual status, the Bank subtracts any current year accrued and unpaid interest from its income, and any prior year accrued and unpaid interest from the allowance for loan losses. Management continually monitors the status of nonperforming loans, the value of any collateral and potential of risk of loss. Nonaccrual loans are rated no better than 7-Substandard.

The Bank’s Loan Management Committee reviews these loans and risk ratings on a quarterly basis in order to proactively identify and manage problem loans. In addition, a committee meets monthly to discuss possible workout strategies for all credits rated 7-Substandard or worse. Management also tracks other commercial loan risk measurements including high loan to value loans, concentrations, participations and policy exceptions and reports these to the Board Enterprise Risk Management Committee of the Board of Directors. The Bank also uses an external loan review consultant to assist with internal loan review with a goal of reviewing 80% of commercial loans each year. The FDIC defines certain supervisory loan-to-value lending limits. The Bank’s internal loan–to-value limits are all equal to or have a lower loan-to-value limit than the supervisory limits. However, in certain instances, the Bank may make a loan that exceeds the supervisory loan-to-value limit. At September 30, 2022, the Bank had loans of $14.0 million (1.3% of gross loans) that exceeded the supervisory limit, compared to 1.8% at year-end 2021.

Loan quality improved, as measured by nonaccrual loans, which decreased $1.8 million during the first nine months of 2022 from $7.4 million to $5.6 million and the nonaccrual loan to total loans ratio decreased from 0.74% to 0.53% at September 30, 2022. Loans past due 90-days or more, but still accruing, totaled $7 thousand at September 30, 2022.

In addition to monitoring nonaccrual loans, the Bank also closely monitors impaired loans and troubled debt restructurings (TDR). A loan is considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Bank will be unable to collect all interest and principal payments due according to the originally contracted terms of the loan agreement. Nonaccrual loans (excluding consumer purpose loans) and TDR loans are considered impaired.

A loan is considered a TDR if the creditor (the Bank), for economic or legal reasons related to the debtor’s financial difficulties, grants a concession to the debtor that it would not otherwise consider. These concessions may include lowering the rate, extending the maturity, re-amortization of the payment, or a combination of multiple concessions. The Bank reviews all loans rated 6-OAEM or worse when it is providing a loan restructure, modification or new credit facility to determine if the action is a TDR. If a TDR loan is placed on nonaccrual status, it remains on nonaccrual status for at least six months to ensure performance.

In accordance with financial accounting standards, TDR loans are always considered impaired until they are paid off or in certain circumstances, refinanced. At September 30, 2022, there were 13 TDR loans with a balance of $4.4 million, and all loans were performing in accordance with the modified terms. Impaired loans, including TDR loans, totaled $9.7 million compared to $11.6 million at year-end 2021.

Allowance for Loan Losses:

Management monitors loan performance on a monthly basis and performs a quarterly evaluation of the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses (ALL). The ALL is determined by segmenting the loan portfolio based on the loan’s collateral. When calculating the ALL, consideration is given to a variety of factors in establishing this estimate including, but not limited to, current economic conditions, diversification of the loan portfolio, delinquency statistics, results of internal loan reviews, historical charge-offs, the adequacy of the underlying collateral (if collateral dependent) and other relevant factors. The Bank begins enhanced monitoring of all loans rated 6-OAEM, or worse, and obtains a new appraisal or asset valuation for any placed on nonaccrual and rated 7-Substandard or worse. Management, at its discretion, may determine that additional adjustments to the appraisal or valuation are required. Valuation adjustments will be made as necessary based on factors, including, but not limited to; the economy, deferred maintenance, industry, type of property/equipment, age of the appraisal, etc. and the knowledge Management has about a particular situation. In addition, the cost to sell or liquidate the collateral is also estimated and deducted from the valuation in order to determine the net realizable value to the Bank. When determining the allowance for loan losses, certain factors involved in the evaluation are inherently subjective and require material estimates that may be susceptible to significant change, including the amounts and timing of future cash flows expected to be received on impaired loans. Management monitors the adequacy of the ALL on an ongoing basis and reports its adequacy quarterly to the Board Enterprise Risk Management Committee of the Board of Directors. Management believes that the allowance for loan losses at September 30, 2022 is adequate.

The analysis for determining the ALL is consistent with guidance set forth in generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) and the Interagency Policy Statement on the Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses. The analysis has three components: specific, general and unallocated. The specific component addresses specific reserves established for impaired loans. A loan is considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Bank will be unable to collect all interest and principal payments due according to the originally contracted terms of the loan agreement. Collateral values discounted for market conditions and selling costs are used to establish specific allocations for impaired loans. However, it is possible that as a result of the credit analysis, a specific reserve is not required for an

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impaired loan. Commercial loans with a balance less than $250 thousand, and all consumer purpose loans are not included in the specific reserve analysis as impaired loans but are added to the general allocation pool. Loans that are evaluated for a specific reserve, but not needing a specific reserve are not added back to the general allocation pool. There was a $415 thousand specific reserve established for one impaired loan ($5.3 million) at September 30, 2022 compared to a specific reserve of $698 thousand at year-end 2021 on the same loan.

The general allocation component addresses the reserves established for pools of homogenous loans. The general component includes a quantitative and qualitative analysis. When calculating the general allocation, the Bank segregates its loan portfolio into the following segments based primarily on the type of supporting collateral: residential real estate, commercial, industrial or agricultural real estate; commercial and industrial (C&I non-real estate), and consumer. Each segment may be further segregated by type of collateral, lien position, or owner/nonowner occupied properties. The quantitative analysis uses the Bank’s twenty quarter rolling historical loan loss experience as determined for each loan segment to determine a loss factor applicable to each loan segment. PPP loans, because of the SBA guarantee, are excluded from the quantitative analysis. The allowance established as a result of the quantitative analysis was $3.0 million compared to $2.8 million at year-end 2021.

The qualitative analysis utilizes a risk matrix that incorporates four primary risk factors: economic conditions, delinquency, classified loans, and level of risk, and assigns a risk score (as measured in basis points) to each factor. The economic condition factor is primarily based on unemployment rates. The delinquency factor considers the level of past due loans and charge-offs. The classified loan factor considers the internal credit risk score of the portfolio. The level of risk factor considers operational factors such as: loan volume, management, loan review process, credit concentrations, competition, and legal and regulatory issues. The risk score (as measured in basis points) for each of the four risk factors is minimal, low, moderate, high or very high and is determined independently for commercial loans, residential mortgage loans and consumer loans. The qualitative allowance declined to $10.9 million at September 30, 2022 from $11.0 million at year-end 2021. PPP loans, because of the SBA guarantee, are excluded from the qualitative analysis.

The unallocated component is maintained to cover uncertainties that could affect Management’s estimate of probable loss. The unallocated component of the ALL reflects the margin of imprecision inherent in the underlying assumptions used in the methodologies for estimating specific and general losses in the portfolio. The unallocated allowance was $637 thousand at September 30, 2022.

Real estate appraisals and collateral valuations are an important part of the Bank’s process for determining potential loss on collateral dependent loans and thereby have a direct effect on the determination of loan reserves, charge-offs and the calculation of the allowance for loan losses. As long as the loan remains a performing loan, no further updates to appraisals are required. If a loan or relationship migrates to nonaccrual and a risk rating of 7-Substandard or worse, an evaluation for impairment status is made based on the current information available at the time of downgrade and a new appraisal or collateral valuation is obtained. We believe this practice complies with the regulatory guidance.

In determining the allowance for loan losses, Management, at its discretion, may determine additional adjustments to the fair value obtained from an appraisal or collateral valuation are required. Adjustments will be made as necessary based on factors, including, but not limited to the economy, deferred maintenance, industry, type of property or equipment etc., and the knowledge Management has about a particular situation. In addition, the cost to sell or liquidate the collateral is also estimated and deducted from the valuation in order to determine the net realizable value to the Bank. If an appraisal is not available, Management may make its best estimate of the real value of the collateral or use last known market value and apply appropriate discounts. If an adjustment is made to the collateral valuation, this will be documented with appropriate support and reported to the Loan Management Committee.

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The following table shows the allocation of the allowance for loan losses and other loan performance ratios, by class, as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021:

(Dollars in thousands) |  | Residential Real Estate 1-4 Family |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  |  |  |  | Junior Liens & |  |  |  |  | Commercial |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | First Liens |  | Lines of Credit |  | Construction |  | Real Estate |  | Commercial |  | Consumer |  | Unallocated |  | Total
2022 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loans at September 30, 2022 |  | $ | 138,905 |  | $ | 74,749 |  | $ | 23,901 |  | $ | 571,426 |  | $ | 233,427 |  | $ | 6,099 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 1,048,507
Average Loans through September 30, 2022 |  |  | 138,242 |  |  | 72,932 |  |  | 20,720 |  |  | 543,413 |  |  | 243,111 |  |  | 5,918 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,024,336
Nonaccrual Loans at September 30, 2022 |  |  | 120 |  |  | 38 |  |  | — |  |  | 5,428 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 5,586
Allowance for Loan Loss at September 30, 2022 |  |  | 461 |  |  | 249 |  |  | 364 |  |  | 8,105 |  |  | 5,045 |  |  | 128 |  |  | 637 |  |  | 14,989
YTD Net (Charge-offs)/Recoveries at September 30, 2022 |  |  | 27 |  |  | 2 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (49) |  |  | (57) |  |  | — |  |  | (77)
Loans/Total Gross Loans at September 30, 2022 |  |  | 13% |  |  | 7% |  |  | 2% |  |  | 54% |  |  | 22% |  |  | 1% |  |  | — |  |  | 100%
Nonaccrual Loans/Total Gross Loans at September 30, 2022 |  |  | 0.09% |  |  | 0.05% |  |  | 0.00% |  |  | 0.95% |  |  | 0.00% |  |  | 0.00% |  |  | — |  |  | 0.53%
Allowance for Loan Loss at September 30, 2022 |  |  | 0.33% |  |  | 0.33% |  |  | 1.52% |  |  | 1.42% |  |  | 2.16% |  |  | 2.10% |  |  | — |  |  | 1.43%
Net (Charge-offs) Recoveries/Average Loans at September 30, 2022* |  |  | 0.08% |  |  | 0.01% |  |  | 0.00% |  |  | 0.00% |  |  | -0.08% |  |  | -3.85% |  |  | — |  |  | -0.01%
Allowance for Loan Loss/Nonaccrual Loans at September 30, 2022 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 268.33%

2021 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loans at December 31, 2021 |  | $ | 132,483 |  | $ | 71,944 |  | $ | 20,657 |  | $ | 522,779 |  | $ | 244,543 |  | $ | 6,406 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 998,812
Average Loans for 2021 |  |  | 138,249 |  |  | 68,467 |  |  | 19,533 |  |  | 504,441 |  |  | 270,557 |  |  | 6,855 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,008,102
Nonaccrual Loans at December 31, 2021 |  |  | 50 |  |  | 38 |  |  | 424 |  |  | 6,812 |  |  | 60 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 7,384
Allowance for Loan Losses at December 31, 2021 |  |  | 475 |  |  | 252 |  |  | 325 |  |  | 8,168 |  |  | 5,127 |  |  | 130 |  |  | 589 |  |  | 15,066
Net Recoveries/(Charge-offs) for 2021 |  |  | — |  |  | 170 |  |  | (28) |  |  | (56) |  |  | 455 |  |  | (164) |  |  | — |  |  | 377
Loans/Total Gross Loans at December 31, 2021 |  |  | 13% |  |  | 7% |  |  | 2% |  |  | 52% |  |  | 24% |  |  | 1% |  |  | — |  |  | 100%
Nonaccrual Loans/Total Gross Loans at December 31, 2021 |  |  | 0.04% |  |  | 0.05% |  |  | 2.05% |  |  | 1.30% |  |  | 0.02% |  |  | 0.00% |  |  | — |  |  | 0.74%
Allowance for Loan Loss/Gross Loans at December 31, 2021 |  |  | 0.36% |  |  | 0.35% |  |  | 1.57% |  |  | 1.56% |  |  | 2.10% |  |  | 2.03% |  |  | — |  |  | 1.51%
Net Recoveries(Charge-offs)/Average Loans for 2021 |  |  | 0.00% |  |  | 0.25% |  |  | -0.14% |  |  | -0.01% |  |  | 0.17% |  |  | -2.39% |  |  | — |  |  | 0.04%
Allowance for Loan Loss/Nonaccrual Loans at December 31, 2021 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 204.04%
*Annualized |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

Deposits:

Total deposits increased $120.6 million during the first nine months of 2022 to $1.705 billion. Noninterest-bearing deposits increased $19.3 million (primarily in small business deposits) and interest-bearing checking and savings deposits increased $115.7 million, while time deposits decreased $14.4 million. Interest-bearing checking increased by $80.7 million primarily in state/municipal and commercial deposits, while the Bank’s Money Management increased $24.8 million, and savings increased $10.2 million. The decrease in time deposits is primarily in retail accounts.

As of September 30, 2022, the Bank had deposits of $272.8 million placed in the IntraFi Network deposit program ($206.1 million in interest-bearing checking and $66.7 million in money management) and $3.4 million in reciprocal time deposits in the CDARS program included in time deposits. These programs allow the Bank to offer full FDIC coverage to large depositors, but with the convenience to the customer of only having to deal with one bank. The Bank solicits these deposits from within its market and it believes they present no greater risk than any other local deposit. Only reciprocal deposits that exceed 20% of liabilities are considered brokered deposits. At September 30, 2022, the Bank’s reciprocal deposits were 15.7% of total liabilities compared to 16.0% at year-end 2021.

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The following table presents a summary of deposits for the periods ended:

|  | September 30, |  | December 31, |  |  | Change
(Dollars in thousands) |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  |  | Amount |  | %
Noninterest-bearing checking |  | $ | 317,719 |  | $ | 298,403 |  | $ | 19,316 |  | 6.5
Interest-bearing checking |  |  | 592,636 |  |  | 511,969 |  |  | 80,667 |  | 15.8
Money management |  |  | 604,642 |  |  | 579,826 |  |  | 24,816 |  | 4.3
Savings |  |  | 130,128 |  |  | 119,908 |  |  | 10,220 |  | 8.5
Total interest-bearing checking and savings |  |  | 1,327,406 |  |  | 1,211,703 |  |  | 115,703 |  | 9.5
Time deposits |  |  | 59,858 |  |  | 74,253 |  |  | (14,395) |  | (19.4)
Total deposits |  | $ | 1,704,983 |  | $ | 1,584,359 |  | $ | 120,624 |  | 7.6
Overdrawn deposit accounts reclassified as loans |  | $ | 122 |  | $ | 103 |  |  |  |  |

Borrowings:

On August 4, 2020, the Corporation completed the sale of a subordinated debt note offering. The Corporation sold $15.0 million of subordinated debt notes with a maturity date of September 1, 2030. These notes are noncallable for 5 years and carry a fixed interest rate of 5.00% per year for 5 years and then convert to floating rate of SOFR plus 4.93% per year for the remainder of the term. The notes can be redeemed at par beginning 5 years prior to maturity. The Corporation also sold $5.0 million of subordinated debt notes with a maturity date of September 1, 2035. These notes are noncallable for 10 years and carry a fixed interest rate of 5.25% per year for 10 years and then convert to floating rate of SOFR plus 4.92% per year for the remainder of the term. The notes can be redeemed at par beginning 5 years prior to maturity. The notes are structured to qualify as Tier 2 capital for the Corporation and any funds it invests in the Bank qualify as Tier 1 capital at the Bank. The Corporation paid an issuance fee of 2% of the total issue that will be amortized to the call date of each issue on a pro-rata basis. The proceeds are intended to be used for general corporate purposes.

Shareholders’ Equity:

Total shareholders’ equity decreased $48.9 million to $108.2 million as of September 30, 2022 from December 31, 2021, due primarily to a decrease of $54.6 million in accumulated other comprehensive income (AOCI) as the fair value of the investment portfolio declined during 2022. Retained earnings increased $7.0 million as net earnings of $11.2 million were partially offset by cash dividends of $4.3 million. The Corporation’s Dividend Reinvestment Plan (DRIP) added $175 thousand in new capital from optional cash contributions and $769 thousand from the reinvestment of quarterly dividends. The Corporation’s dividend payout ratio was 37.91% for the first nine months of 2022 compared to 25.72% for the first nine months of 2021.

As part of its quarterly dividend decision, the Corporation considers current and future income projections, dividend yield, payout ratio, and current and future capital ratios. For the third quarter of 2022, the Corporation paid a $0.32 per share dividend, compared to $0.32 paid in the second quarter of 2022. On October 13, 2022, the Board of Directors declared a $0.32 per share regular quarterly dividend for the fourth quarter of 2022, which will be paid on November 23, 2022.

On December 20, 2021, the Board of Directors authorized the 2021 Repurchase Plan for the repurchase of up to 150,000 shares of the Corporation’s $1.00 par value common stock at market prices in open market or privately negotiated transactions beginning December 20, 2021 and expiring on December 19, 2022. The Corporation repurchased 37,893 shares during the third quarter of 2022 and 84,684 shares year-to-date. A total of 85,343 shares have been repurchased under the current plan. The Corporation is monitoring the market and intends to repurchase shares when and if the opportunity arises in accordance with applicable law, regulations and plan authorizations.

Capital adequacy for the Bank is currently defined by regulatory agencies through the use of several minimum required ratios. The capital ratios to be considered “well capitalized” are: (1) Common Equity Tier 1 (CET1) of 6.5%, (2) Tier 1 Leverage of 5%, (3) Tier 1 Risk-Based Capital of 8%, and (4) Total Risk-Based Capital of 10%. In addition, a capital conservation buffer of 2.5% is applicable to all of the capital ratios except for the Tier 1 Leverage ratio. The capital conservation buffer is equal to the lowest value of the three applicable capital ratios less the regulatory minimum for each respective capital measurement. The Bank’s capital conservation buffer at September 30, 2022 was 7.61% compared to the regulatory buffer of 2.5%. Compliance with the capital conservation buffer is required in order to avoid limitations to certain capital distributions and is in addition to the minimum required capital requirements. As of September 30, 2022, the Bank was “well capitalized.”

In 2019, the Community Bank Leverage Ratio (CBLR) was approved by federal banking agencies as an optional capital measure available to Qualifying Community Banking Organizations (QCBO). If a bank qualifies as a QCBO and maintains a CBLR of 9% or greater, the bank would be considered “well-capitalized” for regulatory capital purposes and exempt from complying with the risk-based capital rule described above. The CBLR rule took effect January 1, 2020 and

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banks could opt-in through an election in the first quarter 2020 regulatory filing. The Bank met the criteria of a QCBO but did not opt-in to the CBLR.

The consolidated asset limit on small bank holding companies is $3.0 billion and a company with assets under that limit is not subject to the consolidated capital rules but may file reports that include capital amounts and ratios. The Corporation has elected to file those reports.

The following table summarizes the regulatory capital requirements and results as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 for the Corporation and the Bank:

|  |  |  |  |  | Regulatory Ratios
|  |  |  |  |  | Adequately |  | Well
|  | September 30, |  | December 31, |  | Capitalized |  | Capitalized
(Dollars in thousands) |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | Minimum |  | Minimum
Common Equity Tier 1 Risk-based Capital Ratio (1) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Franklin Financial Services Corporation |  | 14.29% |  | 15.20% |  | N/A |  | N/A
Farmers & Merchants Trust Company |  | 14.36% |  | 15.28% |  | 4.50% |  | 6.50%
Tier 1 Risk-based Capital Ratio (2) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Franklin Financial Services Corporation |  | 14.29% |  | 15.20% |  | N/A |  | N/A
Farmers & Merchants Trust Company |  | 14.36% |  | 15.28% |  | 6.00% |  | 8.00%
Total Risk-based Capital Ratio (3) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Franklin Financial Services Corporation |  | 17.34% |  | 18.41% |  | N/A |  | N/A
Farmers & Merchants Trust Company |  | 15.61% |  | 16.54% |  | 8.00% |  | 10.00%
Tier 1 Leverage Ratio (4) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Franklin Financial Services Corporation |  | 8.59% |  | 8.52% |  | N/A |  | N/A
Farmers & Merchants Trust Company |  | 8.63% |  | 8.57% |  | 4.00% |  | 5.00%
(1) Common equity Tier 1 capital/ total risk-weighted assets (2) Tier 1 capital / total risk-weighted assets
(3) Total risk-based capital / total risk-weighted assets, (4) Tier 1 capital / average quarterly assets

Economy

The Corporation’s primary market area includes Franklin, Fulton, Cumberland and Huntingdon Counties, Pennsylvania and Washington County, Maryland. This area is diverse in demographic and economic makeup. County populations range from a low of approximately 15,000 in Fulton County to over 250,000 in Cumberland County. Unemployment in the Bank’s market area ranged from 3.6% in Cumberland County to 5.7% in Huntingdon County, as of the end of May. The market area has a diverse economic base and local industries include warehousing, truck & rail shipping centers, light and heavy manufacturers, healthcare, higher education institutions, farming and agriculture, and a varied service sector. The Corporation’s primary market area is located in South Central PA and provides easy access to the major metropolitan markets on the east coast via trucking and rail transportation. Because of this, warehousing and distribution companies continue to find the area attractive. The local economy is not overly dependent on any one industry or business and Management believes that the Bank’s primary market area continues to be well suited for growth.

Impact of Inflation

The impact of inflation upon financial institutions such as the Corporation differs from its effect upon other commercial enterprises. Unlike many companies, the assets and liabilities of the Corporation are financial in nature. As such, interest rates and changes in interest rates may have a more significant effect on the Corporation’s financial results than on other types of industries. Because of this, the Corporation watches the actions of the Federal Reserve Open Market Committee (FOMC) as it makes decisions about interest rate changes and how such changes affect market rates and the Corporation. Although inflation (and inflation expectations) may affect the interest rate environment, it is not possible to measure with any precision the effect of inflation on the Corporation.

Liquidity

The Corporation must meet the financial needs of the customers that it serves, while providing a satisfactory return on the shareholders’ investment. In order to accomplish this, the Corporation must maintain sufficient liquidity in order to respond quickly to the changing level of funds required for both loan and deposit activity. The goal of liquidity

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management is to meet the ongoing cash flow requirements of depositors who want to withdraw funds and of borrowers who request loan disbursements. The Bank regularly reviews its liquidity position by measuring its projected net cash flows (in and out) at a 30 and 90-day interval. The Bank stresses the measurements by assuming a level of deposit out-flows that have not historically been realized. In addition to this forecast, other funding sources are reviewed as a method to provide emergency funding if necessary. The objective of this measurement is to identify the amount of cash that could be raised quickly without the need to liquidate assets. The Bank also stresses its liquidity position utilizing different longer-term scenarios. The varying degrees of stress create pressure on deposit flows in its local market, reduce access to wholesale funding and limit access of funds available through brokered deposit channels. In addition to stressing cash flow, specific liquidity risk indicators are monitored to help identify risk areas. This analysis helps identify and quantify the potential cash surplus/deficit over a variety of time horizons to ensure the Bank has adequate funding resources. Assumptions used for liquidity stress testing are subjective. Should an evolving liquidity situation or business cycle present new data, potential assumption changes will be considered. The Bank believes it can meet all anticipated liquidity demands.

Historically, the Corporation has satisfied its liquidity needs from earnings, repayment of loans and amortizing investment securities, maturing investment securities, loan` sales, deposit growth and its ability to access existing lines of credit. All investment securities are classified as available for sale; therefore, securities that are unencumbered (approximately $273 million fair value) as collateral for borrowings are an additional source of readily available liquidity, either by selling the security or, more preferably, to provide collateral for additional borrowing. The Bank also has access to other wholesale funding via the brokered CD market.

The FHLB system has always been a major funding source for the Bank. There are no current indicators that lead the Bank to believe the FHLB would discontinue its lending function or restrict the Bank’s ability to borrow. If either of these events would occur, it would have a negative effect on the Bank, and it is unlikely that the Bank could replace the level of FHLB funding in a short time. The Bank has established credit at the Federal Reserve Discount Window and at correspondent banks.

The following table shows the Bank’s available liquidity at September 30, 2022.

(Dollars in thousands) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Liquidity Source |  |  | Capacity |  |  | Outstanding |  |  | Available
Federal Home Loan Bank |  | $ | 380,398 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 380,398
Federal Reserve Bank Discount Window |  |  | 30,665 |  |  | — |  |  | 30,665
Correspondent Banks |  |  | 56,000 |  |  | — |  |  | 56,000
Total |  | $ | 467,063 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 467,063

Off Balance Sheet Commitments

The Corporation’s financial statements do not reflect various commitments that are made in the normal course of business, which may involve some liquidity risk. These commitments consist mainly of unfunded loans and letters of credit made under the same standards as on-balance sheet instruments. Because these instruments have fixed maturity dates, and because many of them will expire without being drawn upon, they do not generally present any significant liquidity risk to the Corporation. Unused commitments and standby letters of credit totaled $410.8 million and $398.8 million, respectively, at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021. In the second quarter of 2018, the Bank established a $2.4 million allowance against letters of credit issued in connection with a commercial borrower that declared bankruptcy. In the first quarter of 2020, the Bank reversed $250 thousand of this reserve as one letter of credit was cancelled. In the second quarter of 2021, the Bank reversed $636 thousand of this reserve as a second letter of credit was cancelled. At September 30, 2022, this reserve was $1.5 million.

The Corporation has entered into various contractual obligations to make future payments. These obligations include time deposits, long-term debt, operating leases, deferred compensation and pension payments. These amounts have not changed materially from those reported in the Corporation’s 2021 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

## Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

There were no material changes in the Corporation’s exposure to market risk during the nine months ended September 30, 2022. For more information on market risk refer to the Corporation’s 2021 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

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Item 4. Controls and Pr ocedures

Evaluation of Controls and Procedures

The Corporation carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of the Corporation’s management, including the Corporation’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of its disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e). Based upon the evaluation, the Corporation’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that as of September 30, 2022, the Corporation’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective. Disclosure controls and procedures are controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the Corporation’s reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms. There were no changes in the Corporation’s internal control over financial reporting during the quarterly period ended September 30, 2022, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the internal control over financial reporting.

The management of the Corporation is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. The Corporation’s internal control system is designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

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Part II – OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

The nature of the Corporation’s business generates a certain amount of litigation in the ordinary course of business.

In management’s opinion, there are no other proceedings pending to which the Corporation is a party or to which its property is subject which, if determined adversely to the Corporation, would be material to the Corporation’s financial condition or results of operations. No material proceedings are pending or are known to be threatened or contemplated against us by any governmental authorities.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

There were no material changes in the Corporation’s risk factors during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022. For more information, refer to the Corporation’s 2021 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

On December 20, 2021, the Board of Directors authorized the 2021 Repurchase Plan for the repurchase of up to 150,000 shares of the Corporation’s $1.00 par value common stock at market prices in open market or privately negotiated transactions beginning December 20, 2021 and expiring on December 19, 2022. The following table presents the activity under this plan during the third quarter of 2022.

Period |  | Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Program |  |  | Weighted Average Price Paid per Share |  |  | Dollar Amount of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Program |  |  | Maximum Number of Shares Yet To Be Purchased Under Program
July 2022 |  | 29,027 |  | $ | 31.11 |  | $ | 903,050 |  |  | 73,523
August 2022 |  | 746 |  | $ | 32.03 |  |  | 23,891 |  |  | 72,777
September 2022 |  | 8,120 |  | $ | 31.86 |  |  | 258,743 |  |  | 64,657
|  | 37,893 |  |  |  |  | $ | 1,185,684 |  |  |

Item 3. Defaults by the Company on its Senior Securities

None

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not Applicable

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Item 5. Other In formation

None

Item 6. Exhibits

Exhibits

3.1 | Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation of the Corporation (Filed as Exhibit 3.1 to Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2020 and incorporated herein by reference).
3.2 | Bylaws of the Corporation. (Filed on Form 8-K, as Exhibit 99 with the commission on September 2, 2022 and incorporated herein by reference).
31.1 | Rule 13a – 14(a)/15d-14(a) Certifications – Principal Executive Officer
31.2 | Rule 13a – 14(a)/15d-14(a) Certifications – Principal Financial Officer
32.1 | Section 1350 Certifications – Principal Executive Officer
32.2 | Section 1350 Certifications – Principal Financial Officer
101 | Interactive Data File (XBRL)
104 | Cover Page Interactive Data File (the cover page XBRL tags are imbedded in the XBRL document)

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FRANKLIN FINANCIAL SERVICES CORPORATION

and SUBSIDIARIES

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

Franklin Financial Services Corporation

November 4, 2022 |  | /s/ Timothy G. Henry
|  | Timothy G. Henry
|  | Chief Executive Officer and President
|  | (Principal Executive Officer)
November 4, 2022 |  | /s/ Mark R. Hollar
|  | Mark R. Hollar
|  | Treasurer and Chief Financial Officer
|  | (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

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