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3. Investments | 3 Months Ended
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Mar. 31, 2020
Investments [Abstract] |
3. Investments | Fixed-Maturity Securities The amortized cost, estimated fair value, and unrealized gains and losses of investments in fixed-maturity securities classified as available-for-sale as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 are summarized as follows:
| March 31, 2020
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Net
| Cost or |  | Gross |  | Gross Unrealized Losses |  | Estimated |  | Unrealized
| Amortized |  | Unrealized |  | Less than 12 |  | More than 12 |  | Fair |  | Gains/
Category | Cost |  | Gains |  | Months |  | Months |  | Value |  | (Losses)
Fixed-Maturity Securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Treasury securities and |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
obligations of U.S. government |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
corporations and agencies | $ 5,033,879 |  | $ 102,361 |  | $ - |  | $ - |  | $ 5,136,240 |  | $ 102,361
Political subdivisions of States, |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Territories and Possessions | 9,139,221 |  | 275,738 |  | - |  | - |  | 9,414,959 |  | 275,738
Corporate and other bonds |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Industrial and miscellaneous | 112,871,652 |  | 2,876,429 |  | (2,258,459) |  | - |  | 113,489,622 |  | 617,970
Residential mortgage and other |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
asset backed securities (1) | 25,631,027 |  | 292,497 |  | (938,478) |  | (1,145,973) |  | 23,839,073 |  | (1,791,954)
Total | $ 152,675,779 |  | $ 3,547,025 |  | $ (3,196,937) |  | $ (1,145,973) |  | $ 151,879,894 |  | $ (795,885)
| (1) | KICO has placed certain residential mortgage backed securities as eligible collateral in a designated custodian account related to its membership in the Federal Home Loan Bank of New York ("FHLBNY") (see Note 7). The eligible collateral would be pledged to FHLBNY if KICO draws an advance from the FHLBNY credit line. As of March 31, 2020, the estimated fair value of the eligible investments was approximately $7,287,000. KICO will retain all rights regarding all securities if pledged as collateral. As of March 31, 2020, there was no outstanding balance on the FHLBNY credit line.
| December 31, 2019
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Net
| Cost or |  | Gross |  | Gross Unrealized Losses |  | Estimated |  | Unrealized
| Amortized |  | Unrealized |  | Less than 12 |  | More than 12 |  | Fair |  | Gains/
Category | Cost |  | Gains |  | Months |  | Months |  | Value |  | (Losses)
Fixed-Maturity Securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Treasury securities and |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
obligations of U.S. government |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
corporations and agencies | $ 7,037,856 |  | $ 23,244 |  | $ - |  | $ - |  | $ 7,061,100 |  | $ 23,244
Political subdivisions of States, |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Territories and Possessions | 9,151,293 |  | 181,835 |  | (11,316) |  | - |  | 9,321,812 |  | 170,519
Corporate and other bonds |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Industrial and miscellaneous | 119,874,573 |  | 5,777,624 |  | (16,685) |  | (13,473) |  | 125,622,039 |  | 5,747,466
Residential mortgage and other |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
asset backed securities (1) | 26,138,633 |  | 437,841 |  | (68,793) |  | (276,451) |  | 26,231,230 |  | 92,597
Total | $ 162,202,355 |  | $ 6,420,544 |  | $ (96,794) |  | $ (289,924) |  | $ 168,236,181 |  | $ 6,033,826
| (1) | KICO has placed certain residential mortgage backed securities as eligible collateral in a designated custodian account related to its membership in the FHLBNY (see Note 7). The eligible collateral would be pledged to FHLBNY if KICO draws an advance from the FHLBNY credit line. As of December 31, 2019, the estimated fair value of the eligible investments was approximately $7,284,000. KICO will retain all rights regarding all securities if pledged as collateral. As of December 31, 2019, there was no outstanding balance on the FHLBNY credit line.
A summary of the amortized cost and estimated fair value of the Company’s investments in available-for-sale fixed-maturity securities by contractual maturity as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 is shown below:
| March 31, 2020 |  | December 31, 2019
| Amortized |  | Estimated |  | Amortized |  | Estimated
Remaining Time to Maturity | Cost |  | Fair Value |  | Cost |  | Fair Value
Less than one year | $ 12,900,401 |  | $ 12,937,879 |  | $ 11,986,401 |  | $ 12,025,804
One to five years | 44,309,018 |  | 44,695,085 |  | 49,715,422 |  | 51,000,025
Five to ten years | 65,324,015 |  | 66,293,522 |  | 69,850,104 |  | 74,410,275
More than 10 years | 4,511,318 |  | 4,114,335 |  | 4,511,795 |  | 4,568,847
Residential mortgage and other asset backed securities | 25,631,027 |  | 23,839,073 |  | 26,138,633 |  | 26,231,230
Total | $ 152,675,779 |  | $ 151,879,894 |  | $ 162,202,355 |  | $ 168,236,181
The actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because certain borrowers have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without penalties. Equity Securities The cost and estimated fair value of, and gross unrealized gains and losses on, investments in equity securities as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 are as follows:
| March 31, 2020
|  |  | Gross |  | Gross |  |  |
|  |  | Unrealized |  | Unrealized |  | Estimated |
Category | Cost |  | Gains |  | Losses |  | Fair Value |
Equity Securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Preferred stocks | $ 7,535,068 |  | $ 7,870 |  | $ (1,113,367) |  | $ 6,429,571 |
Common stocks, mutual funds, |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
and exchange traded funds | 14,894,969 |  | 137,242 |  | (3,092,889) |  | 11,939,322 |
Total | $ 22,430,037 |  | $ 145,112 |  | $ (4,206,256) |  | $ 18,368,893 |
| December 31, 2019
|  |  | Gross |  | Gross |  | Estimated |
|  |  | Unrealized |  | Unrealized |  |  |
Category | Cost |  | Gains |  | Losses |  | Fair Value |
Equity Securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Preferred stocks | $ 8,374,424 |  | $ 339,257 |  | $ (11,794) |  | $ 8,701,887 |
Common stocks, mutual funds, |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
and exchange traded funds | 14,250,244 |  | 1,982,878 |  | (273,627) |  | 15,959,495 |
Total | $ 22,624,668 |  | $ 2,322,135 |  | $ (285,421) |  | $ 24,661,382 |
Other Investments The cost and estimated fair value of, and gross unrealized gains and losses on, the Company’s other investments as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 are as follows:
| March 31, 2020 |  | December 31, 2019
|  |  | Gross |  |  |  |  |  | Gross |  |
|  |  | Unrealized |  | Estimated |  |  |  | Unrealized |  | Estimated
Category | Cost |  | Losses |  | Fair Value |  | Cost |  | Gains |  | Fair Value
Other Investments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Hedge fund | $ 1,999,381 |  | $ (11,859) |  | $ 1,987,522 |  | $ 1,999,381 |  | $ 585,532 |  | $ 2,584,913
Total | $ 1,999,381 |  | $ (11,859) |  | $ 1,987,522 |  | $ 1,999,381 |  | $ 585,532 |  | $ 2,584,913
Held-to-Maturity Securities The cost or amortized cost and estimated fair value of, and unrealized gross gains and losses on, investments in held-to-maturity fixed-maturity securities as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 are summarized as follows:
| March 31, 2020
| Cost or |  | Gross |  | Gross Unrealized Losses |  | Estimated |  | Net
| Amortized |  | Unrealized |  | Less than 12 |  | More than 12 |  | Fair |  | Unrealized
Category | Cost |  | Gains |  | Months |  | Months |  | Value |  | Gains
Held-to-Maturity Securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Treasury securities | $729,561 |  | $162,483 |  | $ - |  | $ - |  | $ 892,044 |  | $ 162,483
Political subdivisions of States, |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Territories and Possessions | 998,573 |  | 43,857 |  | - |  | - |  | 1,042,430 |  | 43,857
Corporate and other bonds |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Industrial and miscellaneous | 2,098,270 |  | 106,196 |  | (2,230) |  | - |  | 2,202,236 |  | 103,966
Total | $ 3,826,404 |  | $ 312,536 |  | $ (2,230) |  | $ - |  | $ 4,136,710 |  | $ 310,306
Held-to-maturity U.S. Treasury securities are held in trust pursuant to various states’ minimum funds requirements.
| December 31, 2019
| Cost or |  | Gross |  | Gross Unrealized Losses |  | Estimated |  | Net
| Amortized |  | Unrealized |  | Less than 12 |  | More than 12 |  | Fair |  | Unrealized
Category | Cost |  | Gains |  | Months |  | Months |  | Value |  | Gains
Held-to-Maturity Securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Treasury securities | $ 729,550 |  | $ 151,002 |  | $ - |  | $ - |  | $ 880,552 |  | $ 151,002
Political subdivisions of States, |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Territories and Possessions | 998,619 |  | 51,021 |  | - |  | - |  | 1,049,640 |  | 51,021
Corporate and other bonds |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Industrial and miscellaneous | 2,097,783 |  | 97,627 |  | (835) |  | - |  | 2,194,575 |  | 96,792
Total | $ 3,825,952 |  | $ 299,650 |  | $ (835) |  | $ - |  | $ 4,124,767 |  | $ 298,815
A summary of the amortized cost and estimated fair value of the Company’s investments in held-to-maturity securities by contractual maturity as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 is shown below:
| March 31, 2020 |  | December 31, 2019
| Amortized |  | Estimated |  | Amortized |  | Estimated
Remaining Time to Maturity | Cost |  | Fair Value |  | Cost |  | Fair Value
Less than one year | $ 500,000 |  | $ 497,770 |  | $ 500,000 |  | $ 499,165
One to five years | 2,099,588 |  | 2,220,096 |  | 2,099,268 |  | 2,215,640
Five to ten years | 620,255 |  | 664,805 |  | 620,134 |  | 655,923
More than 10 years | 606,561 |  | 754,039 |  | 606,550 |  | 754,039
Total | $ 3,826,404 |  | $ 4,136,710 |  | $ 3,825,952 |  | $ 4,124,767
The actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because certain borrowers have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without penalties. Investment Income Major categories of the Company’s net investment income are summarized as follows:
| Three months ended
| March 31,
| 2020 |  | 2019
Income: |  |  |
Fixed-maturity securities | $ 1,447,938 |  | $ 1,526,870
Equity securities | 253,073 |  | 207,144
Cash and cash equivalents | 44,223 |  | 40,401
Total | 1,745,234 |  | 1,774,415
Expenses: |  |  |
Investment expenses | 79,390 |  | 150,703
Net investment income | $ 1,665,844 |  | $ 1,623,712
Proceeds from the sale and redemption of fixed-maturity securities held-to-maturity were $-0- and $400,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Proceeds from the sale or maturity of fixed-maturity securities available-for-sale were $10,553,818 and $1,505,382 for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Proceeds from the sale of equity securities were $5,518,428 and $246,047 for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The Company’s net (losses) gains on investments are summarized as follows:
| Three months ended
| March 31,
| 2020 |  | 2019
Realized Gains (Losses) |  |  |
Fixed-maturity securities: |  |  |
Gross realized gains | $ 204,225 |  | $ 6,002
Gross realized losses | (32,342) |  | (28,433)
| 171,883 |  | (22,431)
Equity securities: |  |  |
Gross realized gains | 316,513 |  | 3,200
Gross realized losses | (213,815) |  | (5,961)
| 102,698 |  | (2,761)
Net realized gains (losses) | 274,581 |  | (25,192)
Unrealized (Losses) Gains |  |  |
Equity securities: |  |  |
Gross gains | - |  | 1,767,835
Gross losses | (6,121,608) |  | -
| (6,121,608) |  | 1,767,835
Other investments: |  |  |
Gross gains | - |  | 292,720
Gross losses | (597,391) |  | -
| (597,391) |  | 292,720
Net unrealized (losses) gains | (6,718,999) |  | 2,060,555
Net (losses) gains on investments | $ (6,444,418) |  | $ 2,035,363
Impairment Review Impairment of investment securities results in a charge to operations when a market decline below cost is deemed to be other-than-temporary. The Company regularly reviews its fixed-maturity securities to evaluate the necessity of recording impairment losses for other-than-temporary declines in the estimated fair value of investments. In evaluating potential impairment, GAAP specifies (i) if the Company does not have the intent to sell a debt security prior to recovery and (ii) it is more likely than not that it will not have to sell the debt security prior to recovery, the security would not be considered other-than-temporarily impaired unless there is a credit loss. When the Company does not intend to sell the security and it is more likely than not that the Company will not have to sell the security before recovery of its cost basis, it will recognize the credit component of an other-than-temporary impairment (“OTTI”) of a debt security in earnings and the remaining portion in comprehensive loss. The credit loss component recognized in earnings is identified as the amount of principal cash flows not expected to be received over the remaining term of the security as projected based on cash flow projections. For held-to-maturity debt securities, the amount of OTTI recorded in comprehensive loss for the noncredit portion of a previous OTTI is amortized prospectively over the remaining life of the security on the basis of timing of future estimated cash flows of the security. OTTI losses are recorded in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss as net realized losses on investments and result in a permanent reduction of the cost basis of the underlying investment. The determination of OTTI is a subjective process and different judgments and assumptions could affect the timing of loss realization. At March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, there were 80 and 39 fixed-maturity securities, respectively, that accounted for the gross unrealized loss. The Company determined that none of the unrealized losses were deemed to be OTTI for its portfolio of investments for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019. Significant factors influencing the Company’s determination that unrealized losses were temporary included the magnitude of the unrealized losses in relation to each security’s cost, the nature of the investment and management’s intent and ability to retain the investment for a period of time sufficient to allow for an anticipated recovery of estimated fair value to the Company’s cost basis. The Company held available-for-sale securities with unrealized losses representing declines that were considered temporary at March 31, 2020 as follows:
|  | March 31, 2020 |
|  | Less than 12 months |  |  | 12 months or more |  |  | Total |
|  | Estimated |  |  |  |  |  | No. of |  |  | Estimated |  |  |  |  |  | No. of |  |  | Estimated |  |  |  |
|  | Fair |  |  | Unrealized |  |  | Positions |  |  | Fair |  |  | Unrealized |  |  | Positions |  |  | Fair |  |  | Unrealized |
Category |  | Value |  |  | Losses |  |  | Held |  |  | Value |  |  | Losses |  |  | Held |  |  | Value |  |  | Losses |
Fixed-Maturity Securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Treasury securities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
and obligations of U.S. |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
government corporations |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
and agencies |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  |  | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  |  | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |
Political subdivisions of |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
States, Territories and |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Possessions |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Corporate and other |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
bonds industrial and |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
miscellaneous |  |  | 35,409,999 |  |  |  | (2,258,459 | ) |  |  | 50 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 35,409,999 |  |  |  | (2,258,459 | )
Residential mortgage and other |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
asset backed securities |  |  | 6,067,674 |  |  |  | (938,478 | ) |  |  | 13 |  |  |  | 10,286,307 |  |  |  | (1,145,973 | ) |  |  | 17 |  |  |  | 16,353,981 |  |  |  | (2,084,451 | )
Total fixed-maturity |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
securities |  | $ | 41,477,673 |  |  | $ | (3,196,937 | ) |  |  | 63 |  |  | $ | 10,286,307 |  |  | $ | (1,145,973 | ) |  |  | 17 |  |  | $ | 51,763,980 |  |  | $ | (4,342,910 | )
The Company held available-for-sale securities with unrealized losses representing declines that were considered temporary at December 31, 2019 as follows:
| December 31, 2019
| Less than 12 months |  | 12 months or more |  | Total
| Estimated |  |  |  | No. of |  | Estimated |  |  |  | No. of |  | Estimated |  |
| Fair |  | Unrealized |  | Positions |  | Fair |  | Unrealized |  | Positions |  | Fair |  | Unrealized
Category | Value |  | Losses |  | Held |  | Value |  | Losses |  | Held |  | Value |  | Losses
Fixed-Maturity Securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Treasury securities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
and obligations of U.S. |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
government corporations |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
and agencies | $ - |  | $ - |  | - |  | $ - |  | $ - |  | - |  | $ - |  | $ -
Political subdivisions of |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
States, Territories and |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Possessions | 3,067,428 |  | (11,316) |  | 3 |  | - |  | - |  | - |  | 3,067,428 |  | (11,316)
Corporate and other |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
bonds industrial and |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
miscellaneous | 3,730,478 |  | (16,685) |  | 7 |  | 1,300,915 |  | (13,473) |  | 3 |  | 5,031,393 |  | (30,158)
Residential mortgage and other |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
asset backed securities | 5,862,636 |  | (68,793) |  | 5 |  | 13,534,768 |  | (276,451) |  | 21 |  | 19,397,404 |  | (345,244)
Total fixed-maturity |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
securities | $ 12,660,542 |  | $ (96,794) |  | 15 |  | $ 14,835,683 |  | $ (289,924) |  | 24 |  | $ 27,496,225 |  | $ (386,718)

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- Definition Tabular disclosure of investment income, including, but not limited to, interest and dividend income and amortization of discount (premium) derived from debt and equity securities. Excludes realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investments. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 220 -SubTopic 10 -Section S99 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.9) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120395209&loc=SL114868664-224227 Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 944 -SubTopic 220 -Section S99 -Paragraph 1 -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04.2) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120400993&loc=SL114874131-224263 Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 220 -SubTopic 10 -Section S99 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.7(a),(b)) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120395209&loc=SL114868664-224227 Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 220 -SubTopic 10 -Section S99 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.8) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120395209&loc=SL114868664-224227 + Details
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