Note 1 - General	6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2025
Notes to Financial Statements
Organization, Consolidation, Basis of Presentation, Business Description and Accounting Policies [Text Block]	Note 1. General Basis of Presentation The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements of First National Corporation (the Company) and its subsidiary, First Bank (the Bank), have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) for interim financial information and in accordance with guidance provided by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for annual year-end financial statements. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated. In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements contain all adjustments and reclassifications of a normal and recurring nature considered necessary to present fairly the financial positions at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the statements of income and comprehensive income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, the cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, and the changes in shareholders’ equity for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024. The statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024. Operating results for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2025. Certain items in the prior period financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the current presentation. These reclassifications had no effect on prior year net income or shareholders' equity. Significant Accounting Policies and Estimates Application of the principles of GAAP and practices within the banking industry requires management to make estimates, assumptions, and judgements that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. These estimates, assumptions, and judgements are based on information available as of the date of the financial statements; accordingly, as this information changes, the financial statements may reflect different estimates, assumptions and judgements. Certain policies inherently rely more extensively on the use of estimates, assumptions, and judgements and as such may have a greater possibility of producing results that could be materially different than originally reported. Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant changes in the near term include estimates related to the determination of the allowance for credit losses on loans, loans acquired in a business combination and goodwill. The Company’s significant accounting policies followed in the preparation of the unaudited consolidated financial statements are disclosed in Note 1 of the audited financial statements and notes for the year ended December 31, 2024 and are contained in the Company’s 2024 Annual Report on Form 10-K. There have been no significant changes to the application of significant accounting policies since December 31, 2024. Business Combination On October 1, 2024, the Company completed the acquisition of Touchstone Bankshares, Inc. (Touchstone) with and into the Company (the Merger). Immediately following the Merger, Touchstone Bank, the wholly owned subsidiary of Touchstone, was merged with and into First Bank. In connection with the transactions, the Company issued 2,673,640 shares of its common stock to Touchstone’s shareholders. Following the Merger, the former branches of Touchstone Bank assumed in the Merger continued to operate in Virginia as Touchstone Bank, a division of First Bank, and, in North Carolina, as Touchstone Bank, a division of First Bank, Strasburg, Virginia, until the system integration was completed in February 2025. Following the system integration, the former branches of Touchstone Bank now operate in Virginia as First Bank and in North Carolina as First Bank of the Commonwealth. The combined company delivers banking services through thirty-three branch offices in Virginia and North Carolina and three loan production offices, in addition to a wide array of online banking services. During the six months ended June 30, 2025, the Company incurred merger costs totaling $2.0 million. Recent Accounting Pronouncements In November 2024, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued ASU 2024-03, “Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income—Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses.” ASU 2024-03 requires public companies to disclose, in the notes to the financial statements, specific information about certain costs and expenses at each interim and annual reporting period. This includes disclosing amounts related to employee compensation, depreciation, and intangible asset amortization. In addition, public companies will need to provide a qualitative description of the amounts remaining in relevant expense captions that are not separately disaggregated quantitatively. In January 2025, the FASB subsequently issued ASU 2025-01, “Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income—Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Clarifying the Effective Date”, which amends the effective date of ASU 2024-03 to clarify that all public business entities are required to adopt the guidance in ASU 2024-03 in annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods within annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027. Early adoption of ASU 2024-03 is permitted. Implementation of ASU 2024-03 may be applied prospectively or retrospectively. The Company does not expect the adoption of ASU 2024-03 to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements. In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures.” The amendments in this ASU require an entity to disclose specific categories in the rate reconciliation and provide additional information for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold, which is greater than five percent of the amount computed by multiplying pretax income by the entity’s applicable statutory rate, on an annual basis. Additionally, the amendments in this ASU require an entity to disclose the amount of income taxes paid (net of refunds received) disaggregated by federal, state, and foreign taxes and the amount of income taxes paid (net of refunds received) disaggregated by individual jurisdictions that are equal to or greater than five percent of total income taxes paid (net of refunds received). Lastly, the amendments in this ASU require an entity to disclose income (or loss) from continuing operations before income tax expense (or benefit) disaggregated between domestic and foreign and income tax expense (or benefit) from continuing operations disaggregated by federal, state, and foreign. This ASU is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. The Company will apply the guidance in ASU 2023-09 for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024, and will enhance its income tax disclosures in accordance with the requirements. The adoption will be applied prospectively and is not anticipated to have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements. Other accounting standards that have been issued by the FASB or other standards setting bodies are not currently expected to have a material effect on the Company's financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements of First National Corporation (the Company) and its subsidiary, First Bank (the Bank), have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) for interim financial information and in accordance with guidance provided by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for annual year-end financial statements. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated. In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements contain all adjustments and reclassifications of a normal and recurring nature considered necessary to present fairly the financial positions at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the statements of income and comprehensive income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, the cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, and the changes in shareholders’ equity for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024. The statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024. Operating results for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2025. Certain items in the prior period financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the current presentation. These reclassifications had no effect on prior year net income or shareholders' equity.

Significant Accounting Policies and Estimates

Application of the principles of GAAP and practices within the banking industry requires management to make estimates, assumptions, and judgements that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. These estimates, assumptions, and judgements are based on information available as of the date of the financial statements; accordingly, as this information changes, the financial statements may reflect different estimates, assumptions and judgements. Certain policies inherently rely more extensively on the use of estimates, assumptions, and judgements and as such may have a greater possibility of producing results that could be materially different than originally reported. Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant changes in the near term include estimates related to the determination of the allowance for credit losses on loans, loans acquired in a business combination and goodwill.

The Company’s significant accounting policies followed in the preparation of the unaudited consolidated financial statements are disclosed in Note 1 of the audited financial statements and notes for the year ended December 31, 2024 and are contained in the Company’s 2024 Annual Report on Form 10-K. There have been no significant changes to the application of significant accounting policies since December 31, 2024.

Business Combination

On October 1, 2024, the Company completed the acquisition of Touchstone Bankshares, Inc. (Touchstone) with and into the Company (the Merger). Immediately following the Merger, Touchstone Bank, the wholly owned subsidiary of Touchstone, was merged with and into First Bank. In connection with the transactions, the Company issued 2,673,640 shares of its common stock to Touchstone’s shareholders. Following the Merger, the former branches of Touchstone Bank assumed in the Merger continued to operate in Virginia as Touchstone Bank, a division of First Bank, and, in North Carolina, as Touchstone Bank, a division of First Bank, Strasburg, Virginia, until the system integration was completed in February 2025. Following the system integration, the former branches of Touchstone Bank now operate in Virginia as First Bank and in North Carolina as First Bank of the Commonwealth. The combined company delivers banking services through thirty-three branch offices in Virginia and North Carolina and three loan production offices, in addition to a wide array of online banking services. During the six months ended June 30, 2025, the Company incurred merger costs totaling $2.0 million.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In November 2024, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued ASU 2024-03, “Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income—Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses.” ASU 2024-03 requires public companies to disclose, in the notes to the financial statements, specific information about certain costs and expenses at each interim and annual reporting period. This includes disclosing amounts related to employee compensation, depreciation, and intangible asset amortization. In addition, public companies will need to provide a qualitative description of the amounts remaining in relevant expense captions that are not separately disaggregated quantitatively. In January 2025, the FASB subsequently issued ASU 2025-01, “Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income—Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Clarifying the Effective Date”, which amends the effective date of ASU 2024-03 to clarify that all public business entities are required to adopt the guidance in ASU 2024-03 in annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods within annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027. Early adoption of ASU 2024-03 is permitted. Implementation of ASU 2024-03 may be applied prospectively or retrospectively. The Company does not expect the adoption of ASU 2024-03 to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures.” The amendments in this ASU require an entity to disclose specific categories in the rate reconciliation and provide additional information for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold, which is greater than five percent of the amount computed by multiplying pretax income by the entity’s applicable statutory rate, on an annual basis. Additionally, the amendments in this ASU require an entity to disclose the amount of income taxes paid (net of refunds received) disaggregated by federal, state, and foreign taxes and the amount of income taxes paid (net of refunds received) disaggregated by individual jurisdictions that are equal to or greater than five percent of total income taxes paid (net of refunds received). Lastly, the amendments in this ASU require an entity to disclose income (or loss) from continuing operations before income tax expense (or benefit) disaggregated between domestic and foreign and income tax expense (or benefit) from continuing operations disaggregated by federal, state, and foreign. This ASU is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. The Company will apply the guidance in ASU 2023-09 for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024, and will enhance its income tax disclosures in accordance with the requirements. The adoption will be applied prospectively and is not anticipated to have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

Other accounting standards that have been issued by the FASB or other standards setting bodies are not currently expected to have a material effect on the Company's financial position, results of operations or cash flows.