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Loans (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Receivables [Abstract]  
Schedule of Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable
Loan balances as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 are summarized in the table below. Categories of loans include:

(in thousands)September 30, 2023December 31, 2022
Commercial loans  
Commercial and industrial$114,265 $126,108 
Owner-occupied commercial real estate58,486 61,836 
Investor commercial real estate129,831 93,121 
Construction252,105 181,966 
Single tenant lease financing933,873 939,240 
Public finance535,960 621,032 
Healthcare finance235,622 272,461 
Small business lending192,996 123,750 
Franchise finance455,094 299,835 
Total commercial loans2,908,232 2,719,349 
Consumer loans
Residential mortgage393,501 383,948 
Home equity23,544 24,712 
Other consumer loans369,451 324,598 
Total consumer loans786,496 733,258 
Total commercial and consumer loans3,694,728 3,452,607 
Net deferred loan origination fees/costs and premiums/discounts on purchased loans and other1
40,340 46,794 
Total loans3,735,068 3,499,401 
Allowance for credit losses(36,452)(31,737)
Net loans$3,698,616 $3,467,664 
1 Includes carrying value adjustments of $29.0 million and $32.5 million related to terminated interest rate swaps associated with public finance loans as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.
Financing Receivables, Provision For Credit Losses On Off-Balance Sheet Commitments The following table details activity in the provision for credit losses on off-balance sheet commitments for the three months ended September 30, 2023.
(dollars in thousands)Balance
June 30, 2023
Provision for credit lossesBalance
September 30, 2023
Off-balance sheet commitments
Commercial loans
Commercial and industrial$188 $18 $206 
Owner-occupied commercial real estate
Investor commercial real estate20 (3)17 
Construction2,897 (8)2,889 
Healthcare finance— — — 
Small business lending242 148 390 
Total commercial loans3,355 156 3,511 
Consumer loans
Residential mortgage59 (34)25 
Home equity63 (9)54 
Other consumer14 (2) 12 
Total consumer loans136 (45)91 
Total allowance for off-balance sheet commitments$3,491 $111 $3,602 

The following table details activity in the provision for credit losses on off-balance sheet commitments for the nine months ended September 30, 2023.

(dollars in thousands)Pre-ASC 326 AdoptionImpact of ASC 326 AdoptionProvision for credit lossesBalance
September 30, 2023
Off-balance sheet commitments
Commercial loans
Commercial and industrial$— $110 $96 $206 
Owner-occupied commercial real estate— — 
Investor commercial real estate— 17 
Construction— 2,193 696 2,889 
Healthcare finance— (2)— 
Small business lending— — 390 390 
Total commercial loans— 2,314 1,197 3,511 
Consumer loans
Residential mortgage— 127 (102)25 
Home equity— 52 54 
Other consumer— 11  12 
Total consumer loans— 190 (99)91 
Total allowance for off-balance sheet commitments$— $2,504 $1,098 $3,602 
Allowance for Credit Losses on Financing Receivables
The following tables present changes in the balance of the ACL during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023. 


(in thousands)Three Months Ended September 30, 2023
Allowance for credit losses:Balance, Beginning of Period(Credit) Provision Charged to ExpenseLosses
Charged Off
RecoveriesBalance,
End of Period
Commercial and industrial$1,849 $260 $— $$2,110 
Owner-occupied commercial real estate789 69 — — 858 
Investor commercial real estate1,416 488 (591)— 1,313 
Construction1,940 163 — — 2,103 
Single tenant lease financing9,970 (1,605)— — 8,365 
Public finance1,509 (98)— — 1,411 
Healthcare finance2,421 (194)— — 2,227 
Small business lending2,618 2,341 (751)13 4,221 
Franchise finance4,484 763 — — 5,247 
Residential mortgage2,550 (215)(56)2,280 
Home equity224 (34)— 192 
Other consumer loans6,288 (88)(119)44 6,125 
Total$36,058 $1,850 $(1,517)$61 $36,452 


(in thousands)Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
Allowance for credit losses:Balance, Beginning of PeriodAdoption of CECL(Credit) Provision Charged to ExpenseLosses
Charged Off
RecoveriesBalance,
End of Period
Commercial and industrial$1,711 $(120)$7,265 $(6,965)$219 $2,110 
Owner-occupied commercial real estate651 62 145 — — 858 
Investor commercial real estate1,099 (191)996 (591)— 1,313 
Construction2,074 (435)464 — — 2,103 
Single tenant lease financing10,519 (346)(1,808)— — 8,365 
Public finance1,753 (135)(207)— — 1,411 
Healthcare finance2,997 1,034 (1,779)(25)— 2,227 
Small business lending2,168 334 3,834 (2,169)54 4,221 
Franchise finance3,988 (313)1,903 (331)— 5,247 
Residential mortgage1,559 406 367 (56)2,280 
Home equity69 133 (15)— 192 
Other consumer loans3,149 2,533 811 (502)134 6,125 
Total$31,737 $2,962 $11,976 $(10,639)$416 $36,452 
Prior to the adoption of ASU 2016-13 on January 1, 2023, the Company calculated the allowance for loan losses using the incurred loss methodology. The following table presents the activity in the allowance for loan losses by segment for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022.

(in thousands)Three Months Ended September 30, 2022
Allowance for loan losses:Balance, Beginning of Period(Credit) Provision Charged to ExpenseLosses
Charged Off
RecoveriesBalance,
End of Period
Commercial and industrial$2,026 $(301)$— $$1,727 
Owner-occupied commercial real estate703 (87)— — 616 
Investor commercial real estate621 453 — — 1,074 
Construction1,707 (117)— — 1,590 
Single tenant lease financing9,712 315 — — 10,027 
Public finance1,850 (61)— — 1,789 
Healthcare finance4,762 (1,150)— — 3,612 
Small business lending1,956 217 (130)2,046 
Franchise finance2,281 734 — — 3,015 
Residential mortgage1,138 231 — 1,370 
Home equity54 — 62 
Other consumer loans2,343 651 (106)50 2,938 
Total$29,153 $892 $(236)$57 $29,866 

(in thousands)Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
Allowance for loan losses:Balance, Beginning of Period(Credit) Provision Charged to ExpenseLosses
Charged Off
RecoveriesBalance,
End of Period
Commercial and industrial$1,891 $(166)$— $$1,727 
Owner-occupied commercial real estate742 (126)— — 616 
Investor commercial real estate328 746 — — 1,074 
Construction1,612 (22)— — 1,590 
Single tenant lease financing10,385 (1,589)— 1,231 10,027 
Public finance1,776 13 — — 1,789 
Healthcare finance5,940 (2,328)— — 3,612 
Small business lending1,387 847 (210)22 2,046 
Franchise finance1,083 1,932 — — 3,015 
Residential mortgage643 724 — 1,370 
Home equity64 (139)— 137 62 
Other consumer loans1,990 1,116 (397)229 2,938 
Tax refund advance loans— 1,860 (1,860)— — 
Total$27,841 $2,868 $(2,467)$1,624 $29,866 



In addition to the ACL, the Company established a reserve for off-balance sheet commitments, classified in other liabilities, as required by the adoption of the CECL methodology for measuring credit losses. This reserve is maintained at a level management believes to be sufficient to absorb losses arising from unfunded loan commitments. The day one entry for off-balance sheet commitments resulted in a reserve of $2.5 million. The adequacy of the reserve for unfunded commitments is determined quarterly based on methodology similar to the methodology for determining the ACL. The following table details activity in the provision for credit losses on off-balance sheet commitments for the three months ended September 30, 2023.
(dollars in thousands)Balance
June 30, 2023
Provision for credit lossesBalance
September 30, 2023
Off-balance sheet commitments
Commercial loans
Commercial and industrial$188 $18 $206 
Owner-occupied commercial real estate
Investor commercial real estate20 (3)17 
Construction2,897 (8)2,889 
Healthcare finance— — — 
Small business lending242 148 390 
Total commercial loans3,355 156 3,511 
Consumer loans
Residential mortgage59 (34)25 
Home equity63 (9)54 
Other consumer14 (2) 12 
Total consumer loans136 (45)91 
Total allowance for off-balance sheet commitments$3,491 $111 $3,602 

The following table details activity in the provision for credit losses on off-balance sheet commitments for the nine months ended September 30, 2023.

(dollars in thousands)Pre-ASC 326 AdoptionImpact of ASC 326 AdoptionProvision for credit lossesBalance
September 30, 2023
Off-balance sheet commitments
Commercial loans
Commercial and industrial$— $110 $96 $206 
Owner-occupied commercial real estate— — 
Investor commercial real estate— 17 
Construction— 2,193 696 2,889 
Healthcare finance— (2)— 
Small business lending— — 390 390 
Total commercial loans— 2,314 1,197 3,511 
Consumer loans
Residential mortgage— 127 (102)25 
Home equity— 52 54 
Other consumer— 11  12 
Total consumer loans— 190 (99)91 
Total allowance for off-balance sheet commitments$— $2,504 $1,098 $3,602 
Allowance For Credit Losses On Financing Receivables Portfolio Segment
The following table presents the recorded investment in loans based on portfolio segment and impairment method as of December 31, 2022. 


(in thousands)LoansAllowance for Loan Losses
December 31, 2022Ending Balance:  
Collectively Evaluated for Impairment
Ending Balance:  
Individually Evaluated for Impairment
Ending BalanceEnding Balance:  
Collectively Evaluated for Impairment
Ending Balance:  
Individually Evaluated for Impairment
Ending Balance
Commercial and industrial$116,307 $9,801 $126,108 $1,660 $51 $1,711 
Owner-occupied commercial real estate60,266 1,570 61,836 651 — 651 
Investor commercial real estate93,121 — 93,121 1,099 — 1,099 
Construction181,966 — 181,966 2,074 — 2,074 
Single tenant lease financing939,240 — 939,240 10,519 — 10,519 
Public finance621,032 — 621,032 1,753 — 1,753 
Healthcare finance272,461 — 272,461 2,997 — 2,997 
Small business lending1
113,699 10,051 123,750 1,465 703 2,168 
Franchise finance299,835 — 299,835 3,988 — 3,988 
Residential mortgage380,272 3,676 383,948 1,559 — 1,559 
Home equity24,683 29 24,712 69 — 69 
Other consumer324,581 17 324,598 3,149 — 3,149 
Total$3,427,463 $25,144 $3,452,607 $30,983 $754 $31,737 

1 Balance is partially guaranteed by the U.S. government.
Financing Receivable Credit Quality Indicators
The following tables present the credit risk profile of the Company’s commercial and consumer loan portfolios by loan class and by year of origination for the years indicated based on rating category and payment activity as of September 30, 2023. 
September 30, 2023
Term Loans (amortized cost basis by origination year)Revolving loans amortized cost basisRevolving loans converted to term
(in thousands)20232022202120202019PriorTotal
Commercial and industrial
  Pass$22,954 $22,268 $15,535 $2,543 $12,543 $9,065 $28,909 $— $113,817 
  Special Mention — 32 — — — — 416 — 448 
  Substandard— — — — — — — — — 
  Doubtful— — — — — — — — — 
     Total Commercial and
     industrial
22,954 22,300 15,535 2,543 12,543 9,065 29,325 — 114,265 
     Gross charge-offs— — 6,914 — 51 — — — 6,965 
Owner-occupied commercial real estate
  Pass678 11,360 9,027 6,645 5,607 12,982 — — 46,299 
  Special Mention 823 — — 8,453 — 1,541 — — 10,817 
  Substandard— — — — — 1,370 — — 1,370 
  Doubtful— — — — — — — — — 
     Total owner-occupied
     commercial real estate
1,501 11,360 9,027 15,098 5,607 15,893 — — 58,486 
Investor commercial real estate
  Pass5,033 36,150 24,800 9,927 48,070 5,851 — — 129,831 
  Special Mention — — — — — — — — — 
  Substandard— — — — — — — — — 
  Doubtful— — — — — — — — — 
     Total investor commercial real
     estate
5,033 36,150 24,800 9,927 48,070 5,851 — — 129,831 
Gross charge-offs591 — — — — — — — 591 
Construction
  Pass9,816 140,221 58,773 37,982 — — 4,667 — 251,459 
  Special Mention — — 646 — — — — — 646 
  Substandard— — — — — — — — — 
  Doubtful— — — — — — — — — 
     Total construction9,816 140,221 59,419 37,982 — — 4,667 — 252,105 
Single tenant lease financing
  Pass36,431 223,113 90,103 67,327 144,143 354,024 — — 915,141 
  Special Mention — 4,374 6,748 3,053 — 4,557 — — 18,732 
  Substandard— — — — — — — — — 
  Doubtful— — — — — — — — — 
     Total single tenant lease
     financing
36,431 227,487 96,851 70,380 144,143 358,581 — — 933,873 
Public finance
  Pass2,017 35,716 29,750 3,590 46,076 416,531 — — 533,680 
  Special Mention — — — — — 2,280 — — 2,280 
  Substandard— — — — — — — — — 
  Doubtful— — — — — — — — — 
     Total public finance2,017 35,716 29,750 3,590 46,076 418,811 — — 535,960 
September 30, 2023
Term Loans (amortized cost basis by origination year)Revolving loans amortized cost basisRevolving loans converted to term
(in thousands)20232022202120202019PriorTotal
Healthcare finance
  Pass— — 10,191 132,692 66,555 24,929 — — 234,367 
  Special Mention — — — — 1,255 — — — 1,255 
  Substandard— — — — — — — — — 
  Doubtful— — — — — — — — — 
     Total healthcare finance— — 10,191 132,692 67,810 24,929 — — 235,622 
Gross charge-offs— — — — 25 — — — 25 
Small business lending 1
  Pass86,442 45,532 15,566 14,850 3,582 12,837 4,300 — 183,109 
  Special Mention 1,095 1,493 98 566 707 1,028 47 — 5,034 
  Substandard— 1,169 55 1,510 1,161 520 438 — 4,853 
  Doubtful— — — — — — — — — 
     Total small business lending87,537 48,194 15,719 16,926 5,450 14,385 4,785 — 192,996 
     Gross charge-offs67 464 281 1,357 — — — — 2,169 
Franchise finance
  Pass177,616 217,700 59,476 — — — — — 454,792 
  Special Mention — — 302 — — — — — 302 
  Substandard— — — — — — — — — 
  Doubtful— — — — — — — — — 
     Total franchise finance177,616 217,700 59,778 — — — — — 455,094 
Gross charge-offs— 331 — — — — — — 331 
Consumer loans
Residential mortgage
  Payment performance
    Performing10,013 195,002 92,181 30,876 13,176 50,899 — — 392,147 
    Nonperforming— 494 116 74 — 670 — — 1,354 
      Total residential mortgage10,013 195,496 92,297 30,950 13,176 51,569 — — 393,501 
Gross charge-offs— 53 — — — — — 56 
Home equity
  Payment performance
    Performing1,391 2,085 443 477 153 608 16,855 1,532 23,544 
    Nonperforming— — — — — — — — — 
      Total home equity1,391 2,085 443 477 153 608 16,855 1,532 23,544 
Other consumer
  Payment performance
    Performing94,161 111,134 43,766 27,814 28,411 63,276 801 — 369,363 
    Nonperforming— 53 — 16 13 — — 88 
      Total other consumer94,161 111,187 43,766 27,820 28,427 63,289 801 — 369,451 
      Gross charge-offs86 60 19 42 107 188 — — 502 
Total Loans$448,470 $1,047,896 $457,576 $348,385 $371,455 $962,981 $56,433 $1,532 $3,694,728 
Total gross charge-offs$744 $908 $7,217 $1,399 $183 $188 $— $— $10,639 
1 Balance in “Substandard” is partially guaranteed by the U.S. government.
The following tables present the credit risk profile of the Company’s commercial and consumer loan portfolios based on rating category and payment activity as of December 31, 2022. 

December 31, 2022
(in thousands)PassSpecial MentionSubstandardTotal
Commercial and industrial$114,934 1,373 $9,801 $126,108 
Owner-occupied commercial real estate50,721 9,546 1,569 61,836 
Investor commercial real estate93,121 — — 93,121 
Construction180,768 1,198 — 181,966 
Single tenant lease financing936,207 3,033 — 939,240 
Public finance618,752 2,280 — 621,032 
Healthcare finance271,085 1,376 — 272,461 
Small business lending 1
107,885 5,814 10,051 123,750 
Franchise finance299,241 594 — 299,835 
      Total loans$2,672,714 $25,214 $21,421 $2,719,349 
1 Balance in “Substandard” is partially guaranteed by the U.S. government.

December 31, 2022
(in thousands)PerformingNonaccrualTotal
Residential mortgage$382,900 $1,048 $383,948 
Home equity24,712 — 24,712 
Other consumer324,581 17 324,598 
Total consumer loans$732,193 $1,065 $733,258 
Past Due Financing Receivables
The following tables present the Company’s loan portfolio delinquency analysis as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022. 

September 30, 2023
(in thousands)30-59
Days
Past Due
60-89
Days
Past Due
90 Days 
or More
Past Due
Total 
Past Due
CurrentTotal
Loans
Commercial and industrial$30 $40 $— $70 $114,195 $114,265 
Owner-occupied commercial real estate— — — — 58,486 58,486 
Investor commercial real estate— — — — 129,831 129,831 
Construction— — — — 252,105 252,105 
Single tenant lease financing— — — — 933,873 933,873 
Public finance— — — — 535,960 535,960 
Healthcare finance— — — — 235,622 235,622 
Small business lending1
1,329 239 1,753 3,321 189,675 192,996 
Franchise finance1,927 302 — 2,229 452,865 455,094 
Residential mortgage1,381 485 494 2,360 391,141 393,501 
Home equity— — — — 23,544 23,544 
Other consumer224 35 11 270 369,181 369,451 
Total$4,891 $1,101 $2,258 $8,250 $3,686,478 $3,694,728 
1 Balance is partially guaranteed by the U.S. government.
December 31, 2022
(in thousands)30-59
Days
Past Due
60-89
Days
Past Due
90 Days 
or More
Past Due
Total 
Past Due
CurrentTotal
Loans
Commercial and industrial$81 $— $51 $132 $125,976 $126,108 
Owner-occupied commercial real estate— — — — 61,836 61,836 
Investor commercial real estate— — — — 93,121 93,121 
Construction— 1,198 — 1,198 180,768 181,966 
Single tenant lease financing— — — — 939,240 939,240 
Public finance— — — — 621,032 621,032 
Healthcare finance— — — — 272,461 272,461 
Small business lending1
57 — 3,485 3,542 120,208 123,750 
Franchise Finance313 — — 313 299,522 299,835 
Residential mortgage— 283 185 468 383,480 383,948 
Home equity— — — — 24,712 24,712 
Other consumer91 10 — 101 324,497 324,598 
Total$542 $1,491 $3,721 $5,754 $3,446,853 $3,452,607 
1 Balance is partially guaranteed by the U.S. government.

Loans are reclassified to a non-accruing status when, in management’s judgment, the collateral value and financial condition of the borrower do not justify accruing interest. At the time the accrual is discontinued, all unpaid accrued interest is reversed against earnings. Interest income accrued in prior years, if any, is charged to the allowance for credit losses. Payments subsequently received on nonaccrual loans are applied to principal. A loan is returned to accrual status when principal and interest are no longer past due and collectability is probable, typically after a minimum of nine consecutive months of performance.

The following table summarizes the Company’s nonaccrual loans and loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing by loan class for the periods indicated:


September 30, 2023December 31, 2022
(in thousands)Nonaccrual LoansNonaccrual Loans with no Allowance for Credit LossesTotal Loans
90 Days or
More Past
Due and
Accruing
Nonaccrual LoansNonaccrual Loans with no Allowance for Loan LossesTotal Loans
90 Days or
More Past
Due and
Accruing
Commercial and industrial$— $— $— $51 $— $— 
Owner-occupied commercial real estate— — — 1,570 1,570 — 
Small business lending1
4,442 1,721 — 4,764 2,766 — 
Residential mortgage1,354 1,354 — 1,048 1,048 79 
Other consumer89 89 — 17 17 — 
Total loans$5,885 $3,164 $— $7,450 $5,401 $79 
1 Balance is partially guaranteed by the U.S. government.
Impaired Financing Receivables
The following table presents the amortized cost basis of collateral dependent loans, which are individually evaluated to determine expected credit losses as of September 30, 2023.

 September 30, 2023
(in thousands)Commercial Real EstateResidential Real EstateOtherTotalAllowance on Collateral Dependent Loans
Commercial and industrial$— $— $1,370 $1,370 $— 
Owner-occupied commercial real estate— — — — — 
Small business lending1
1,578 1,219 1,328 4,125 1,521 
Residential mortgage— 1,354 — 1,354 — 
Other consumer loans— — 89 89 — 
Total loans$1,578 $2,573 $2,787 $6,938 $1,521 
1 Balance is partially guaranteed by the U.S. government.


The following table presents the Company’s impaired loans as of December 31, 2022.

 December 31, 2022
(in thousands)Recorded
Balance
Unpaid
Principal
Balance
Specific
Allowance
Loans without a specific valuation allowance
Commercial and industrial$9,750 $9,750 $— 
Owner-occupied commercial real estate1,570 1,779 — 
Small business lending8,184 8,705 — 
Residential mortgage3,676 3,835 — 
Home equity29 29 — 
Other consumer loans17 36 — 
Total23,226 24,134 — 
Loans with a specific valuation allowance
Commercial and industrial51 51 51 
Small business lending 1
1,867 1,867 703 
Total1,918 1,918 754 
Total impaired loans$25,144 $26,052 $754 
The table below presents average balances and interest income recognized for impaired loans during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022.
Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
 September 30, 2022September 30, 2022
(in thousands)Average
Balance
Interest
Income
Average
Balance
Interest
Income
Loans without a specific valuation allowance
Commercial and industrial$4,906 $— $1,636 $— 
Owner-occupied commercial real estate1,645 — 2,471 — 
Small business lending2,167 — 1,288 — 
Residential mortgage3,711 3,550 26 
Home equity15 — 14 — 
Other consumer loans— — 
Total12,452 8,968 26 
Loans with a specific valuation allowance
Commercial and industrial$350 $— 456 — 
Single tenant lease financing— — 547 — 
Healthcare finance660 — 826 45 
Small business lending1,827 — 1,611 — 
Other consumer loans199 — 66 — 
Total3,036 — 3,506 45 
Total impaired loans$15,488 $$12,474 $71 

1 Balance is partially guaranteed by the U.S. government.