<SEC-DOCUMENT>0000833040-20-000005.txt : 20200131
<SEC-HEADER>0000833040-20-000005.hdr.sgml : 20200131
<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20200131112607
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0000833040-20-000005
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	DEF 14A
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		3
CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT:	20200312
FILED AS OF DATE:		20200131
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20200131
EFFECTIVENESS DATE:		20200131

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			FRANKLIN UNIVERSAL TRUST
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0000833040
		IRS NUMBER:				943077602
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			MA
		FISCAL YEAR END:			0831

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		DEF 14A
		SEC ACT:		1934 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	811-05569
		FILM NUMBER:		20563929

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		ONE FRANKLIN PARKWAY
		CITY:			SAN MATEO
		STATE:			CA
		ZIP:			94403-1906
		BUSINESS PHONE:		650-312-2000

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		ONE FRANKLIN PARKWAY
		CITY:			SAN MATEO
		STATE:			CA
		ZIP:			94403-1906
</SEC-HEADER>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>DEF 14A
<SEQUENCE>1
<FILENAME>futproxystatement-final.htm
<TEXT>

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<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">Schedule 14A Information</FONT></P>

<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman"></FONT>&nbsp;</P>

<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">Proxy Statement Pursuant to Section 14(A) of the</FONT></P>

<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">Securities Exchange Act of 1934</FONT></P>

<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">(Amendment No. )</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman"></FONT>&nbsp;</P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">Filed by the Registrant&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; [X]</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman"></FONT>&nbsp;</P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">Filed by a Party other than the Registrant&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; [ &nbsp;]</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman"></FONT>&nbsp;</P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">Check the appropriate box:</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">[ &nbsp;&nbsp;]&nbsp; Preliminary Proxy Statement&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; [ ] Confidential, for Use of the Commission</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">[X]&nbsp; Definitive Proxy Statement &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Only (as permitted by Rule 14a-6(e)(2)) </FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">[ &nbsp;&nbsp;]&nbsp; Definitive Additional Materials</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">[ &nbsp;&nbsp;]&nbsp; Soliciting Material under Section 240.14a-12</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman"></FONT>&nbsp;</P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman"></FONT>&nbsp;</P>

<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><U><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">Franklin Universal Trust</FONT></U></P>

<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">(Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)</FONT></P>

<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman"></FONT>&nbsp;</P>

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<P style="BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; TEXT-ALIGN: center; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 0in; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 0in" align=center><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman"></FONT>&nbsp;</P></DIV>

<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">Name of Person(s) Filing Proxy Statement, other than the Registrant)</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman"></FONT>&nbsp;</P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">Payment of Filing Fee (Check the appropriate box):</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman"></FONT>&nbsp;</P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">[X] No fee required.</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman"></FONT>&nbsp;</P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">[ ] &nbsp;Fee computed on table below per Exchange Act Rules 14a-6(i)(1) and 0-11.</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman"></FONT>&nbsp;</P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0.5in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">(1)&nbsp; Title of each class of securities to which transaction applies:</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman"></FONT>&nbsp;</P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0.5in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">(2)&nbsp; Aggregate number of securities to which transaction applies:</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman"></FONT>&nbsp;</P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.75in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">(3)&nbsp; Per unit price or other underlying value of transaction computed pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 0-11 (set forth the amount on which the filing fee is calculated and state how it was determined):</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman"></FONT>&nbsp;</P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0.5in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">(4)&nbsp; Proposed maximum aggregate value of transaction:</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman"></FONT>&nbsp;</P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0.5in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">(5)&nbsp; Total fee paid:</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman"></FONT>&nbsp;</P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">[ ]&nbsp; Fee paid previously with preliminary materials.</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman"></FONT>&nbsp;</P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">[ ]&nbsp; Check box if any part of the fee is offset as provided by Exchange Act Rule 0-11(a)(2) and identify the filing for which the offsetting fee was paid previously. Identify </FONT>

<font face="Times New Roman" lang=EN-US style="font-size:12.0pt;">the
previous filing by registration statement number, or the Form or Schedule and
the date of its filing.</font></P></DIV>

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<p style="margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;"><font face="Times New Roman" lang=EN-US style="font-size:12.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font face="Times New Roman" lang=EN-US style="font-size:12.0pt;">(1) Amount Previously Paid:</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font face="Times New Roman" lang=EN-US style="font-size:12.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font face="Times New Roman" lang=EN-US style="font-size:12.0pt;">(2) Form, Schedule or Registration
Statement No.:</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font face="Times New Roman" lang=EN-US style="font-size:12.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font face="Times New Roman" lang=EN-US style="font-size:12.0pt;">(3) Filing Party:</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font face="Times New Roman" lang=EN-US style="font-size:12.0pt;">&nbsp;</font></p>

<p style="margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:.5in;"><font face="Times New Roman" lang=EN-US style="font-size:12.0pt;">(4) Date Filed:</font></p>




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<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" color=black face="courier new">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></P>

<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=right><B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" color=black face="courier new"></FONT></B>&nbsp;</P>

<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=right><B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" color=black face="courier new"></FONT></B>&nbsp;</P>

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<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 15pt"><B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" color=black face="times new roman">FRANKLIN UNIVERSAL TRUST</FONT></B></P>

<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 15pt"><B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" color=black face="times new roman">IMPORTANT SHAREHOLDER INFORMATION</FONT></B></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">We have enclosed important information about the Annual Shareholders&#8217; Meeting (the &#8220;Meeting&#8221;) of Franklin Universal Trust (the &#8220;Fund&#8221;) scheduled for Thursday, March 12, 2020, at 1:00 p.m., Pacific time. These materials discuss the proposal to be voted on at the Meeting, and contain the Notice of Meeting, proxy statement and proxy card. A proxy card is, in essence, a ballot. When you vote your proxy, it tells us how you wish to vote on important issues relating to the Fund. If you complete, sign and return the proxy card, we&#8217;ll vote it as you indicated. If you simply sign, date and return the proxy card, but do not specify a vote on the proposal listed thereon, your proxy will be voted </FONT><B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">FOR</FONT></B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman"> the election of the nominees to the position of Trustee (the &#8220;Proposal&#8221;).</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">We urge you to spend a few minutes reviewing the Proposal in the proxy statement. Then, please fill out and sign the proxy card and return it to us in the enclosed postage-paid envelope so that we know how you would like to vote. When shareholders return their proxy cards promptly, the Fund may be able to save money by not having to conduct additional mailings. Returning your proxy card does not preclude you from attending the Meeting or later changing your vote prior to it being cast.</FONT></B></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">We welcome your comments. If you have any questions, please call Fund Information at (800) DIAL BEN/342-5236.</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 6pt 17pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 15pt" face="times new roman"></FONT>&nbsp;</P>

<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 15pt"><B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="times new roman"></FONT></B>&nbsp;</P>

<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 15pt"><B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="times new roman"></FONT></B>&nbsp;</P>

<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 15pt"><B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="times new roman"></FONT></B>&nbsp;</P>

<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 15pt"><B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="times new roman"></FONT></B>&nbsp;</P>

<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 15pt"><B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="times new roman"></FONT></B>&nbsp;</P>

<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 15pt"><B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="times new roman"></FONT></B>&nbsp;</P>

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<P style="BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; TEXT-ALIGN: center; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 0in; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; MARGIN: 0in 0in 15pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 0in"><B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="times new roman">TELEPHONE AND INTERNET VOTING</FONT></B></P>

<P style="BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 0in; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 0in"><B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="times new roman">For your convenience, you may be able to vote by telephone or through the Internet, 24 hours a day. If your account is eligible, separate instructions are enclosed.</FONT></B></P></DIV>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 6pt 17pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 15pt" face="courier new"></FONT>&nbsp;</P>

<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0in 0in 15pt" align=left><B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" color=black face="courier new">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></B></P></DIV>

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<B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" color=black face="times new roman">FRANKLIN UNIVERSAL TRUST</FONT></B></P>

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<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt" face=TimesNewRomanPS>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt" face=TimesNewRomanPS>F</FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt" face=TimesNewRomanPS>UT 2020 Proxy Statement</FONT></P>

<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=right>&nbsp;</P>

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<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 15pt"><B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 15pt" color=black face="times new roman">NOTICE OF 2020 ANNUAL SHAREHOLDERS&#8217; MEETING</FONT></B></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" color=black face="times new roman">The Annual Shareholders&#8217; Meeting (the &#8220;Meeting&#8221;) of Franklin Universal Trust (the &#8220;Fund&#8221;) will be held at the Fund&#8217;s offices, One Franklin Parkway, San Mateo, California 94403, on Thursday, March 12, 2020, at 1:00 p.m., Pacific time.</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" color=black face="times new roman"></FONT>&nbsp;</P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" color=black face="times new roman">During the Meeting, shareholders of the Fund will vote on the following Proposal:</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" color=black face="times new roman"></FONT>&nbsp;</P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" color=black face="times new roman">1.</FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 7pt" color=black face="times new roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" color=black face="times new roman">To elect a Board of Trustees of the Fund.</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" color=black face="times new roman"></FONT>&nbsp;</P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" color=black face="times new roman">In addition, shareholders will vote on any other matters as may properly come before the Meeting. The Board of Trustees has fixed January 10, 2020 as the record date for the determination of shareholders entitled to vote at the Meeting.</FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt" face="times new roman"> </FONT></P>

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<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 228pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" color=black face="times new roman">By Order of the Board of Trustees,</FONT></P>

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<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" color=black face="times new roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Navid J. Tofigh</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" color=black face="times new roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT><I><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" color=black face="times new roman">Vice President &amp; Assistant Secretary</FONT></I></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" color=black face="times new roman"></FONT>&nbsp;</P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" color=black face="times new roman">San Mateo, California</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" color=black face="times new roman">Dated: January 31, 2020</FONT></P>

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<P style="BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 0in; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; MARGIN: 0in 0in 6pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 0in"><B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 15pt" color=black face="times new roman">IMPORTANT NOTICE REGARDING THE AVAILABILITY OF PROXY MATERIALS FOR THE ANNUAL SHAREHOLDERS&#8217; MEETING TO BE HELD ON MARCH 12, 2020.</FONT></B></P>

<P style="BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 0in; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; MARGIN: 0in 0in 6pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 0in"><B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 15pt" color=black face="times new roman">The Fund&#8217;s Notice of 2020 Annual Shareholders&#8217; Meeting, Proxy Statement, and form of proxy are available on the </FONT></B><B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 15pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Internet at</FONT></B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 15pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS> https://vote.proxyonline.com/franklintempleton/docs/fut2020.pdf</FONT><B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 15pt" color=black face="times new roman">. The form of Proxy on the internet site cannot be used to cast your vote.</FONT></B></P></DIV>

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<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 6pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 15pt" face="times new roman">Please sign and promptly return your proxy card in the self-addressed envelope regardless of the number of shares you own. </FONT></P>

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<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt" face=TimesNewRomanPS>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt" face=TimesNewRomanPS>F</FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt" face=TimesNewRomanPS>UT 2020 Proxy Statement</FONT></P>

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<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 15pt"><B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" color=black face="times new roman">FRANKLIN UNIVERSAL TRUST</FONT></B></P>

<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 15pt"><B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 15pt" color=black face="times new roman">PROXY STATEMENT</FONT></B></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-STYLE: normal; LINE-HEIGHT: 14.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">&#9830;</FONT><B><I><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 14.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">&nbsp;&nbsp; INFORMATION ABOUT VOTING</FONT></I></B></P>

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<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 6pt"><B><I><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">Who is asking for my vote?</FONT></I></B></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">This proxy statement is for the Annual Shareholders&#8217; Meeting (the &#8220;Meeting&#8221;) of Franklin Universal Trust (the &#8220;Fund&#8221;), which will be held at the Fund&#8217;s offices, One Franklin Parkway, San Mateo, California 94403, on Thursday, March 12, 2020, at 1:00 p.m., Pacific time. The Fund&#8217;s Board of Trustees (the &#8220;Board&#8221; or the &#8220;Trustees&#8221;) is unanimously asking you to vote </FONT><B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">FOR</FONT></B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman"> the election of your Board&#8217;s eight nominees to the position of Trustee (the &#8220;Proposal&#8221;) by promptly completing, signing, dating and returning the enclosed proxy card. </FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 6pt"><B><I><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 14.5pt" face="times new roman">Who is eligible to vote?</FONT></I></B></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">Shareholders of record at the close of business on January 10, 2020, are entitled to be present and to vote at the Meeting or any adjournment of the Meeting. Each share of record is entitled to one vote (and a proportionate fractional vote for each fractional share) on each matter presented at the Meeting. The Notice of Meeting, the proxy statement, and the proxy card were first mailed to shareholders of record on or about January 31, 2020.</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><B><I><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">On what issue am I being asked to vote?</FONT></I></B></P>

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<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-STYLE: normal; LINE-HEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">You are being asked to vote on the following Proposal:</FONT></P>

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<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-STYLE: normal; LINE-HEIGHT: normal" face=symbol>&#183;</FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 7pt; FONT-STYLE: normal; LINE-HEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-STYLE: normal; LINE-HEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">To elect a Board of Trustees of the Fund.</FONT></P>

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<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 6pt"><B><I><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 14.5pt" face="times new roman">How do the Fund&#8217;s Trustees recommend that I vote?</FONT></I></B></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="times new roman">The Trustees unanimously recommend that you vote </FONT><B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="times new roman">FOR</FONT></B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="times new roman"> the election of all Trustee nominees.</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 6pt 0in"><B><I><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">How do I ensure that my vote is accurately recorded?</FONT></I></B></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">You may attend the Meeting and vote in person or you may complete and return the enclosed proxy card. If you are eligible to vote by telephone or through the Internet, separate instructions are enclosed. </FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">Proxy cards that are properly signed, dated and received at or prior to the Meeting will be voted as specified. If you specify a vote for the Proposal, your proxy will be voted as you indicate. If you simply sign, date and return the proxy card, but don&#8217;t specify a vote on the Proposal, your shares will be voted </FONT><B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">FOR</FONT></B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman"> the election of the nominees for the Board.</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 6pt 0in"><B><I><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">May I revoke my proxy?</FONT></I></B></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">You may revoke your proxy at any time before it is voted by forwarding a written revocation or a later-dated proxy to the Fund, which must be received by the Fund at or prior to the Meeting, or by attending the Meeting and voting in &shy;person.</FONT></P></DIV>

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<P style="MARGIN: 6pt 0in"><B><I><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" color=black face="times new roman">What if my shares are held in a brokerage account?</FONT></I></B></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">If your shares are held by your broker, then in order to vote in person at the Meeting, you will need to obtain a &#8220;Legal Proxy&#8221; from your broker and present it to the Inspector of Election at the Meeting. Also, in order to revoke your proxy, you may need to forward your written revocation or a later-dated proxy card to your broker rather than to the Fund.</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><I><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">&#9830;</FONT></I><B><I><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" color=black face="times new roman">&nbsp;&nbsp; THE PROPOSAL: ELECTION OF TRUSTEES</FONT></I></B></P>

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<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><B><I><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">How are nominees selected?</FONT></I></B></P>

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<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">The Board has a Nominating Committee comprised of Harris J. Ashton, Terrence J. Checki,&nbsp; Mary C. Choksi, Edith E. Holiday, J. Michael Luttig and Larry D. Thompson. None of the members of the Nominating Committee is an &#8220;interested person&#8221; of the Fund, as defined by the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the &#8220;1940 Act&#8221;). Trustees who are not interested persons of the Fund are referred to as the &#8220;Independent Trustees,&#8221; and Trustees who are interested persons of the Fund are referred to as the &#8220;Interested Trustees.&#8221;</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">The Nominating Committee is responsible for selecting candidates to serve as Trustees for the Fund and recommending such candidates: (a) for selection and nomination as Independent Trustees by the incumbent Independent Trustees and the full Board; and (b) for selection and nomination as Interested Trustees by the full Board. In considering a candidate&#8217;s qualifications, the </FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: -0.25pt" face="Times New Roman">Nominating Committee generally considers the potential candidate&#8217;s educational background,</FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman"> business or professional experience, and reputation. In addition, the Nominating Committee has established as minimum qualifications for Board membership as an Independent Trustee: </FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: -0.25pt" face="Times New Roman">(1) that such candidate be independent from relationships with the Fund&#8217;s investment manager</FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman"> and other principal service providers both within the terms and the spirit of the statutory </FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: -0.25pt" face="Times New Roman">independence requirements specified under the 1940 Act and the rules thereunder; (2) that such candidate demonstrate</FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman"> an ability and willingness to make the considerable time commitment, including personal attendance at Board meetings, believed necessary to his or her function as an effective Board member; and (3) that such candidate have no continuing relationship as a director, officer or board member of any U.S. registered investment company other than those within the Franklin Templeton fund complex or a closed-end business development company primarily investing in non-public entities. The Nominating Committee has not adopted any specific policy on the issue of diversity but will take this into account, among other factors, in its consideration of new candidates for the Board.</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">When the Board has or expects to have a vacancy, the Nominating Committee receives and reviews information on individuals qualified to be recommended to the full Board as nominees for election as Trustees, including any recommendations by &#8220;Qualifying Fund Shareholders&#8221; (as defined below).&nbsp; Such individuals are evaluated based upon the criteria described above. To date, the Nominating Committee has been able to identify, and expects to continue to be able to identify, from its own resources an ample number of qualified candidates. The Nominating Committee, however, will review recommendations from Qualifying Fund Shareholders to fill vacancies on the Board if these recommendations are submitted in writing and addressed to the Nominating Committee at the Fund&#8217;s offices and are presented with appropriate background material concerning the candidate that demonstrates his or her ability to serve as a Trustee, </FONT>


<FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">including as an Independent Trustee, of the Fund.&nbsp; A Qualifying Fund Shareholder is a shareholder who (i) has continuously owned of record, or beneficially through a financial intermediary, shares of the Fund having a net asset value of not less than two hundred and fifty thousand dollars ($250,000) during the twenty-four (24) month period prior to submitting the recommendation; and (ii) provides a written notice to the Nominating Committee containing the following information: (a) the name and address of the Qualifying Fund Shareholder making the recommendation; (b) the number of shares of the Fund which are owned of record and beneficially by such Qualifying Fund Shareholder and the length of time that such shares have been so owned by the Qualifying Fund Shareholder; (c) a description of all arrangements and understandings between such Qualifying Fund Shareholder and any other person or persons (naming such person or persons) pursuant to which the recommendation is being made; (d) the name, age, date of birth, business address and residence address of the person or persons being recommended; (e) such other information regarding each person recommended by such Qualifying Fund Shareholder as would be required to be included in a proxy statement filed pursuant to the proxy rules of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (&#8220;SEC&#8221;) had the nominee been nominated by the Board; (f) whether the Qualifying Fund Shareholder making the recommendation believes the person recommended would or would not be an &#8220;interested person&#8221; of the Fund, as defined in the 1940 Act; and (g) the written consent of each person recommended to serve as a Trustee of the Fund if so nominated and elected/appointed.</FONT></P>

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<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">The Nominating Committee may amend these procedures from time to time, including the procedures relating to the evaluation of nominees and the process for submitting recommendations to the Nominating Committee.</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">The Board has adopted and approved a formal written charter for the Nominating Committee. A copy of the charter is attached hereto as &#8220;Exhibit A&#8221;.</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 6pt"><B><I><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 15pt" color=black face="times new roman">What is the background of the Fund&#8217;s Nominees and current members of the Board?</FONT></I></B></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">The Fund&#8217;s nominees and the current Trustees of the Fund are Harris J. Ashton, Terrence J. Checki, Mary C. Choksi,</FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: -0.5pt" face="Times New Roman"> </FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">Edith E. Holiday, Gregory E. Johnson, Rupert H. Johnson, Jr., J. Michael Luttig, and Larry D. Thompson. As described more fully below, these nominees </FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: -0.15pt" face="Times New Roman">have significant experience managing investment vehicles.&nbsp; Several of the Fund&#8217;s nominees have been Trustees since the Fund was launched in 1988, and all are also on the Boards of other open-end and closed-end Franklin Templeton funds.&nbsp; They have had experience as senior officers and directors of major business corporations, and some have also held senior positions in state and federal government.</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">Interested Trustees of the Fund hold director and/or officer positions with Franklin Resources, Inc. (&#8220;Resources&#8221;) and its affiliates. Resources is a &shy;publicly owned holding company, a principal shareholder of which is Rupert H. Johnson, Jr., who owned approximately 104,597,598 (approximately 21.0%) of its outstanding shares as of October 31, 2019. The shares deemed to be beneficially owned by Rupert H. Johnson, Jr. include certain shares held by a private charitable foundation or by his spouse, of which he disclaims beneficial ownership. Resources, a global investment management organization operating as Franklin Templeton, is primarily engaged, through its various subsidiaries, in providing investment management, share distribution, transfer agent and administrative services to a family of investment companies. Resources is a New York </FONT>


<FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">Stock Exchange, Inc. (&#8220;NYSE&#8221;) listed holding company (NYSE: BEN). Rupert H. Johnson, Jr., Chairman, Trustee and Senior Vice President of the Fund, is the uncle of Gregory E. Johnson, a Trustee of the Fund.&nbsp; There are no other family relationships among the Trustees or nominees for Trustees.</FONT></P>

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<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">Each nominee is currently available and has consented to serve as Trustee of the Fund if elected. If any of the nominees should become unavailable, the designated proxy holders will vote in their discretion for another person or persons who may be nominated as Trustees.</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">In addition to personal qualities, such as integrity, in considering candidates for the Board, the Nominating Committee seeks to find persons of good reputation whose experience and background evidences that such person has the ability to comprehend, discuss and critically analyze materials and issues presented in exercising judgments and reaching informed conclusions relevant to the fulfillment of a Trustee&#8217;s duties and fiduciary obligations. Information on the business activities of the nominees and other Trustees during the past five years and beyond appears below and it is believed that the specific background of each Trustee evidences such ability and it is appropriate for him or her to serve on the Board. As indicated in the table below, Harris J. Ashton has served as a chief executive officer of a NYSE-listed public corporation; Terrence J. Checki has served as a senior executive of a Federal Reserve Bank and has vast experience evaluating economic forces and their impact on markets, including emerging markets; Mary C. Choksi has an extensive background in asset management, including founding an investment management firm; Larry D. Thompson and Edith E. Holiday each have legal backgrounds, including high level legal positions with departments of the U.S. government; J. Michael Luttig has fifteen years of judicial experience as a Federal Appeals Court Judge and eleven years of experience as Executive Vice President and General Counsel of a major public company; and Gregory E. Johnson and Rupert H. Johnson, Jr. are both high ranking executive officers of Franklin Templeton.</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">Listed below, for each nominee, is his or her name, year of birth and address, as well as position and length of service with the Fund, a brief description of recent professional experience, the number of portfolios in the Franklin Templeton fund complex that he or she oversees, and other directorships held.</FONT></P>

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<H1 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: avoid; TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=left><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">Nominees for Independent Trustee</FONT></B></H1>

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   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman"></FONT></B>&nbsp;</P>

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   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">Name, Year of Birth and Address</FONT></B></P></TD>

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   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman"></FONT></B>&nbsp;</P>

   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman"></FONT></B>&nbsp;</P>

   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman"></FONT></B>&nbsp;</P>

   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman"></FONT></B>&nbsp;</P>

   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman"></FONT></B>&nbsp;</P>

   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman"></FONT></B>&nbsp;</P>

   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">Position</FONT></B></P></TD>

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   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman"></FONT></B>&nbsp;</P>

   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman"></FONT></B>&nbsp;</P>

   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman"></FONT></B>&nbsp;</P>

   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman"></FONT></B>&nbsp;</P>

   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman"></FONT></B>&nbsp;</P>

   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">Length of Time Served</FONT></B></P></TD>

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   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">Number of Portfolios in Fund Complex Overseen by Board Member*</FONT></B></P></TD>

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   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman"></FONT></B>&nbsp;</P>

   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman"></FONT></B>&nbsp;</P>

   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman"></FONT></B>&nbsp;</P>

   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman"></FONT></B>&nbsp;</P>

   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">Other Directorships Held During at Least the Past 5 Years</FONT></B></P></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>

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   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">Harris J. Ashton (1932)</FONT></P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">One Franklin Parkway</FONT></P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">San Mateo, CA 94403-1906</FONT></P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman"></FONT>&nbsp;</P></TD>

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   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">Trustee</FONT></P></TD>

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   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">Since 1988</FONT></P></TD>

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   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt" face="times new roman">134</FONT></P></TD>

   <TD style="BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 305px; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">Bar-S Foods (meat packing company) (1981-2010).</FONT></P></TD></TR>

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   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">Principal Occupation During at Least the Past 5 Years:</FONT></B></P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">Director of various companies; and </FONT><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">formerly</FONT></B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">, Director, RBC Holdings, Inc. (bank holding company) (until 2002); and President, Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board, General Host Corporation (nursery and craft centers) (until 1998).</FONT></P></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>

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   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0pt 0pt 0in"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">Terrence J. Checki (1945)</FONT></P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0pt 0pt 0in"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">One Franklin Parkway</FONT></P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0pt 0pt 0in"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">San Mateo, CA 94403-1906</FONT></P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman"></FONT>&nbsp;</P></TD>

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   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">Trustee</FONT></P></TD>

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   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">Since 2018 </FONT></P></TD>

   <TD style="BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 97px; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt" face="times new roman">113</FONT></P></TD>

   <TD style="BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 303px; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">Hess Corporation (exploration of oil and gas) (2014-present).</FONT></P></TD></TR>

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   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">Principal Occupation During at Least the Past 5 Years:</FONT></B></P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">Member of the Council on Foreign Relations (1996-present); Member of the National Committee on U.S.-China Relations (1999-present); member of the Board of Trustees of the Economic Club of New York (2013-present); member of the Board of Trustees of the Foreign Policy Association (2005-present) and member of various other&nbsp; boards of trustees and advisory boards; and</FONT><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman"> formerly</FONT></B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">, Executive Vice President of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York and Head of its Emerging Markets and Internal Affairs Group and Member of Management Committee (1995-2014); and Visiting Fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations (2014).</FONT></P></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>

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   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">Mary C. Choksi (1950)</FONT></P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">One Franklin Parkway</FONT></P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">San Mateo, CA 94403-1906</FONT></P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman"></FONT>&nbsp;</P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman"></FONT>&nbsp;</P></TD>

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   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">Trustee</FONT></P></TD>

   <TD style="BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 113px; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">Since 2014</FONT></P></TD>

   <TD style="BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 120px; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top colSpan=2>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt" face="times new roman">134</FONT></P></TD>

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   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">Avis Budget Group Inc. (car rental) (2007-present), Omnicom Group Inc. (advertising and marketing communications services) (2011-present) and White Mountains Insurance Group, Ltd. (holding company) (2017-present).</FONT></P></TD>

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   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS></FONT>&nbsp;</P></TD></TR>

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   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">Principal Occupation During at Least the Past 5 Years:</FONT></B></P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">Director of various companies; and </FONT><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">formerly,</FONT></B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman"> Founder and Senior Advisor, Strategic Investment Group (investment management group) (2015-2017); Founding Partner and Senior Managing Director, Strategic Investment Group (1987&#8211;2015); Founding Partner and Managing Director, Emerging Markets Management LLC (investment management firm) (1987-2011); and Loan Officer/Senior Loan Officer/Senior Pension Investment Officer, World Bank Group (international financial institution) (1977-1987).</FONT></P></TD>

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   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Edith E. Holiday (1952)</FONT></P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>One Franklin Parkway </FONT></P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>San Mateo, CA 94403-1906</FONT></P>

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   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Lead Independent Trustee</FONT></P>

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   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Trustee since 2004 and Lead Independent Trustee since March 2019</FONT></P>

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   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Hess Corporation (exploration of oil and gas) (1993-present), Canadian National Railway (railroad) (2001-present), White Mountains Insurance Group, Ltd. (holding company) (2004-present), Santander Consumer USA Holdings, Inc. (consumer finance) (2016-present), RTI International Metals, Inc. (manufacture and distribution of titanium) (1999-2015) and H.J. Heinz Company (processed foods and allied products) (1994-2013).</FONT></P></TD></TR>

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   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Principal Occupation During at Least the Past 5 Years:</FONT></B></P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Director or Trustee of various companies and trusts; and </FONT><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>formerly</FONT></B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>, Assistant to the President of the United States and Secretary of the Cabinet (1990-1993); General Counsel to the United States Treasury Department (1989-1990); and Counselor to the Secretary and Assistant Secretary for Public Affairs and Public Liaison-United States Treasury Department (1988-1989). </FONT></P></TD></TR>

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   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>J. Michael Luttig (1954)</FONT></P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>One Franklin Parkway </FONT></P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>San Mateo, CA 94403-1906</FONT></P>

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   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Trustee</FONT></P></TD>

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   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Since 2009</FONT></P></TD>

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   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt" face="courier new">134</FONT></P></TD>

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   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Boeing Capital Corporation (aircraft financing) (2006-2013).</FONT></P></TD></TR>

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   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Principal Occupation During at Least the Past 5 Years:</FONT></B></P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Executive Vice President, Counselor and Senior Advisor to Boeing Chairman and Board of Directors, The Boeing Company (aerospace company) (May 2019); member of the Executive Council, The Boeing Company (2006-present) and </FONT><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>formerly</FONT></B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>, General Counsel, The Boeing Company (2006-2019) and Federal Appeals Court Judge, U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit (1991-2006).</FONT></P></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>

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   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Larry D. Thompson</FONT></P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>(1945)</FONT></P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>One Franklin Parkway</FONT></P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>San Mateo, CA 94403-1906</FONT></P></TD>

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   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt" face="times new roman">Trustee</FONT></P></TD>

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   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Since 2007</FONT></P></TD>

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   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>The Southern Company (energy company) (2014-present; previously 2010-2012), Graham Holdings Company (education and media organization) (2011-present) and Cbeyond, Inc. (business communications provider) (2010-2012). </FONT></P></TD></TR>

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   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Principal Occupation During at Least the Past 5 Years:</FONT></B></P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Director of various companies; Counsel, Finch McCranie, LLP (law firm) (2015-present); Independent Compliance Monitor and Auditor, Volkswagen AG (manufacturer of automobiles and commercial vehicles) (2017&#8211;present); John A. Sibley Professor of Corporate and Business Law, University of Georgia School of Law (2015-present; previously 2011-2012); and </FONT><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>formerly, </FONT></B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Executive Vice President - Government Affairs, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary, PepsiCo, Inc. (consumer products) (2012-2014); Senior Vice President - Government Affairs, General Counsel and Secretary, PepsiCo, Inc. (2004-2011); Senior Fellow of The Brookings Institution (2003-2004); Visiting Professor, University of Georgia School of Law (2004); and Deputy Attorney General, U.S. Department of Justice (2001-2003).</FONT></P></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>

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<H1 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: avoid; TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=left><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">Nominees for Interested Trustee</FONT></B></H1>

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   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Name, Year of Birth and Address</FONT></B></P></TD>

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   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Position</FONT></B></P></TD>

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   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Length of Time Served</FONT></B></P></TD>

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   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Number of Portfolios in Fund Complex Overseen by Board Member*</FONT></B></P></TD>

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   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Other Directorships Held During at Least the Past 5 Years</FONT></B></P></TD></TR>

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   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>**Gregory E. Johnson (1961)</FONT></P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>One Franklin Parkway </FONT></P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>San Mateo, CA 94403-1906</FONT></P></TD>

   <TD style="HEIGHT: 80.5pt; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 117px; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Trustee</FONT></P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS></FONT>&nbsp;</P></TD>

   <TD style="HEIGHT: 80.5pt; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 98px; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Since 2013</FONT></P></TD>

   <TD style="HEIGHT: 80.5pt; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 97px; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>146</FONT></P></TD>

   <TD style="HEIGHT: 80.5pt; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 308px; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>None</FONT></P></TD></TR>

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   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Principal Occupation During at Least the Past 5 Years:</FONT></B></P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Chairman of the Board, Member - Office of the Chairman, Director and Chief Executive Officer, Franklin Resources, Inc.; officer and/or director or trustee, as the case may be, of some of the other subsidiaries of Franklin Resources, Inc. and of 39 of the investment companies in Franklin Templeton; Vice Chairman, Investment Company Institute; and </FONT><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>formerly</FONT></B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>, President, Franklin Resources, Inc. (1994-2015).</FONT></P></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS></FONT>&nbsp;</P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 6pt 17pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 15pt" face=TimesNewRomanPS></FONT>&nbsp;</P>

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<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>- </FONT><FONT style="DISPLAY: none"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS></FONT></FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>11</FONT><FONT style="DISPLAY: none"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS></FONT></FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS> -</FONT></P>

<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=right><FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS></FONT></FONT>&nbsp;</P>

<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=right><FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS></FONT></FONT>&nbsp;</P></DIV></DIV>

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   <TD style="BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 118px; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>**Rupert H. Johnson, Jr. (1940)</FONT></P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>One Franklin Parkway </FONT></P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>San Mateo, CA 94403-1906</FONT></P></TD>

   <TD style="BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 117px; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Chairman of the Board,</FONT></P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Trustee and Senior Vice President</FONT></P></TD>

   <TD style="BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 130px; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Chairman of the Board since 2013, Trustee and Senior Vice President since 1988</FONT></P></TD>

   <TD style="BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 97px; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt" face="courier new">134</FONT></P></TD>

   <TD style="BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 273px; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt" face="courier new">None</FONT></P></TD></TR>

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   <TD style="HEIGHT: 61.6pt; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 795px; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top colSpan=5>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Principal Occupation During at Least the Past 5 Years:</FONT></B></P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Vice Chairman, Member - Office of the Chairman and Director, Franklin Resources, Inc.; Director, Franklin Advisers, Inc.; and officer and/or director or trustee, as the case may be, of some of the other subsidiaries of Franklin Resources, Inc. and of 37 of the investment companies in Franklin Templeton.</FONT></P></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS></FONT>&nbsp;</P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman"></FONT>&nbsp;</P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">*We base the number of portfolios on each separate series of the U.S. registered investment companies within the Franklin Templeton fund complex. These portfolios have a common investment manager or affiliated investment managers.</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman"></FONT>&nbsp;</P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">**Gregory E. Johnson is considered to be an interested person of the Fund under the federal securities laws due to his position as an officer and director of Resources, which is the parent company of the Fund's investment manager.</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman"></FONT>&nbsp;</P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">**Rupert H. Johnson, Jr. is considered to be an interested person of the Fund under the federal securities laws due to his position as an officer and director and major shareholder of Resources, which is the parent company of the Fund's investment manager. </FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman"></FONT>&nbsp;</P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">Note 1: Rupert H. Johnson, Jr. is the uncle of Gregory E. Johnson.</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman"></FONT>&nbsp;</P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">Note 2:&nbsp; Officer information is current as of the date of this proxy statement.&nbsp; It is possible that after this date, information about officers may change.</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman"></FONT>&nbsp;</P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">Note 3: Effective March 12, 2019, John B. Wilson ceased to be a trustee of the Fund and the size of the Board was reduced to eight members.</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 6pt 17pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 15pt" face=TimesNewRomanPS></FONT>&nbsp;</P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">The following tables provide the estimated dollar range of equity securities of the Fund and of all funds beneficially owned by the Trustee nominees in the Franklin Templeton fund complex as of December 31, 2019.</FONT></P>

<H2 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: avoid; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt" face="times new roman">Independent Trustees:</FONT></B></H2>

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   <TD style="BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top width="34%">

   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman"></FONT></B>&nbsp;</P>

   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman"></FONT></B>&nbsp;</P>

   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman"></FONT></B>&nbsp;</P>

   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman"></FONT></B>&nbsp;</P>

   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman"></FONT></B>&nbsp;</P>

<H3 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: avoid; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; TEXT-DECORATION: none" face="times new roman">Name of Board Member</FONT></B></H3></TD>

   <TD style="BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top width="33%">

   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman"></FONT></B>&nbsp;</P>

   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman"></FONT></B>&nbsp;</P>

   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman"></FONT></B>&nbsp;</P>

   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman"></FONT></B>&nbsp;</P>

   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">Dollar Range of Equity</FONT></B></P>

   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">Securities in the Fund</FONT></B></P></TD>

   <TD style="BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top width="33%">

   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">Aggregate Dollar Range of Equity Securities in All Funds Overseen by the Board Member in the Franklin Templeton Fund Complex</FONT></B></P></TD></TR>

<TR style="PAGE-BREAK-INSIDE: avoid">

   <TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top width="34%">

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">Harris J. Ashton</FONT></P></TD>

   <TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top width="33%">

   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>$10,001 - $50,000</FONT></P></TD>

   <TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top width="33%">

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Over $100,000</FONT></P></TD></TR>

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   <TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top width="34%">

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">Terrence J. Checki</FONT></P></TD>

   <TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top width="33%">

   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>None</FONT></P></TD>

   <TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top width="33%">

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Over $100,000</FONT></P></TD></TR>

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   <TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top width="34%">

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">Mary C. Choksi</FONT></P></TD>

   <TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top width="33%">

   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>None</FONT></P></TD>

   <TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top width="33%">

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Over $100,000</FONT></P></TD></TR>

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   <TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top width="34%">

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">Edith E. Holiday</FONT></P></TD>

   <TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top width="33%">

   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>None</FONT></P></TD>

   <TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top width="33%">

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Over $100,000</FONT></P></TD></TR>

<TR>

   <TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top width="34%">

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">J. Michael Luttig</FONT></P></TD>

   <TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top width="33%">

   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>None</FONT></P></TD>

   <TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top width="33%">

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Over $100,000</FONT></P></TD></TR>

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   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">Larry D. Thompson</FONT></P></TD>

   <TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top width="33%">

   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>$10,001 - $50,000</FONT></P></TD>

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   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Over $100,000</FONT></P></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>

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<H2 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: avoid; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt" face="times new roman">Interested Trustees:</FONT></B></H2>

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   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman"></FONT></B>&nbsp;</P>

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   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman"></FONT></B>&nbsp;</P>

<H3 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: avoid; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; TEXT-DECORATION: none" face="times new roman">Name of Board Member</FONT></B></H3></TD>

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   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman"></FONT></B>&nbsp;</P>

   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman"></FONT></B>&nbsp;</P>

   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman"></FONT></B>&nbsp;</P>

   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman"></FONT></B>&nbsp;</P>

   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">Dollar Range of Equity Securities in the Fund</FONT></B></P></TD>

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   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">Aggregate Dollar Range of Equity Securities in All Funds Overseen by the Board Member in the Franklin Templeton Fund Complex</FONT></B></P></TD></TR>

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   <P style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">Gregory E. Johnson</FONT></P></TD>

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   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">None</FONT></P></TD>

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   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">Over $100,000</FONT></P></TD></TR>

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   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">Rupert H. Johnson, Jr.</FONT></P></TD>

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   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">$1 - $10,000</FONT></P></TD>

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   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">Over $100,000</FONT></P></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>

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<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">Board members historically have followed a policy of having substantial investments in one or more of the Franklin Templeton funds, as is consistent with their individual </FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: -0.5pt" face="Times New Roman">financial goals. In February 1998, this policy was formalized through the adoption of a requirement</FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman"> that each board member invest one-third of fees received for serving as a director or trustee </FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.25pt" face="Times New Roman">of a Templeton fund (excluding committee fees) in shares of one or more Templeton funds and &shy;one-third of fees received</FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman"> for serving as a director or trustee of a Franklin fund (excluding committee fees) in shares of one or more Franklin funds until the value of such investments equals or exceeds five times the annual retainer and regular board meeting fees paid to such board member. Investments in the name of family members or entities controlled by a board member constitute fund holdings of such board member for purposes of this policy, and a three-year phase-in period applies to such investment requirements for newly elected board members. In implementing such policy, a board member&#8217;s fund holdings existing on Feb&shy;ruary 27, 1998, are valued as of such date with subsequent investments valued &shy;at cost.</FONT></P>

<P style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: avoid; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><B><I><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 15pt" color=black face="times new roman">How often do the Trustees meet and what are they paid?</FONT></I></B></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" color=black face="Courier New"></FONT>&nbsp;</P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">The role of the Trustees is to provide general oversight of the Fund&#8217;s business, and to ensure that the Fund is operated for the benefit of all shareholders. The Trustees anticipate meeting at least eight</FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" color=navy face="Times New Roman"> </FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">times during the current fiscal year to review the operations of the Fund and the Fund&#8217;s investment performance. The Trustees also oversee the services furnished to the Fund by Franklin Advisers, Inc., the Fund&#8217;s investment manager (the &#8220;Investment Manager&#8221;), and various other service providers. </FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">The Fund&#8217;s Independent Trustees serve as independent directors/trustees of a number of investment companies in the Franklin Templeton complex, for which each Independent Trustee currently is paid a $304,000 annual retainer fee, together with a $7,000 per meeting fee for attendance at each regularly scheduled board meeting, a portion of which fees are allocated to the Fund. To the extent held, compensation may also be paid for attendance at specially held Board meetings. The Fund&#8217;s Lead Independent Trustee is paid an annual supplemental retainer of $40,000 for services to such investment companies, a portion of which is allocated to the Fund. Trustees who serve on the Audit Committee of the Fund and such other funds are paid a $10,000 annual retainer fee, together with a $3,000 fee per Committee meeting in which they participate, a portion of which is allocated to the Fund. Terrence J. Checki, who serves as chairman of the Audit Committee of the Fund and such other funds, receives a fee of $50,000 per year in lieu of the Audit Committee member retainer fee, a portion of which is allocated to the Fund. </FONT>


<FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">Independent Trustees are also reimbursed for expenses incurred in connection with attending meetings.</FONT></P>

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<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">During the fiscal year ended &shy;August 31, 2019, there were eight meetings of the Board and five&nbsp; meetings of the Audit Committee. Each of the Trustees who currently serve on the Board attended at least 75% of the aggregate of the total number of meetings of the Board and the total number of meetings held by all committees of the Board on which the Trustee served during the fiscal year ended August 31, 2019.&nbsp; </FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">The Fund does not currently have a formal policy regarding Trustees&#8217; attendance at the Annual Shareholders&#8217; Meeting. None of the Trustees attended the Fund&#8217;s last annual shareholders&#8217; meeting held on March 14, 2019.</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">Certain Interested Trustees and officers of the Fund are shareholders of Resources and may receive indirect remuneration due to their participation in the management fees and other fees received by the Investment Manager and its affiliates from the funds in Franklin Templeton. The Investment Manager or its affiliates pay the salaries and expenses of the officers. No pension or retirement benefits are accrued as part of Fund &shy;expenses.</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">The table below indicates the total fees paid to the Independent Trustees by the Fund individually and by all of the funds in Franklin Templeton. These Trustees also serve or have served as directors or trustees of other funds in Franklin Templeton, many of which hold meetings at different dates and times. The Trustees and the Fund&#8217;s management believe that having the same individuals serving on the boards of many of the funds in Franklin Templeton enhances the ability of each fund to obtain, at a relatively modest cost to each separate fund, the services of high caliber, experienced and knowledgeable Independent Trustees who can bring their experience and talents to, and effectively oversee the management of, several funds. </FONT></P>

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   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman"></FONT>&nbsp;</P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman"></FONT>&nbsp;</P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman"></FONT></B>&nbsp;</P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman"></FONT></B>&nbsp;</P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman"></FONT></B>&nbsp;</P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">Name of Trustee</FONT></B></P></TD>

   <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=bottom width="26%">

   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 9pt" color=black face="times new roman">Aggregate</FONT></B></P>

   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 9pt" color=black face="times new roman">Compensation </FONT></B></P>

   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 9pt" color=black face="times new roman">From the Fund<SUP>(1)</SUP></FONT></B></P></TD>

   <TD style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=bottom width="23%">

   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 9pt" color=black face="times new roman">Total Compensation from Franklin Templeton Fund Complex<SUP>(2)</SUP></FONT></B></P></TD>

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   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman"></FONT></B>&nbsp;</P>

   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">Number of Boards within Franklin Templeton Fund Complex on which Director Serves<SUP>(3)</SUP></FONT></B></P></TD></TR>

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   <TD style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top width="28%">

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt" face="Times New Roman">Harris J. Ashton</FONT></P></TD>

   <TD style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=bottom width="26%">

   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">1,606</FONT></P></TD>

   <TD style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top width="23%">

   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>642,000</FONT></P></TD>

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   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">36</FONT></P></TD></TR>

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   <TD style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top width="28%">

   <P style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">Terrence J. Checki</FONT></P></TD>

   <TD style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=bottom width="26%">

   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">1,654</FONT></P></TD>

   <TD style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top width="23%">

   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>437,111</FONT></P></TD>

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   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">24</FONT></P></TD></TR>

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   <P style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">Mary C. Choksi</FONT></P></TD>

   <TD style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=bottom width="26%">

   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">1,615</FONT></P></TD>

   <TD style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top width="23%">

   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>685,000</FONT></P></TD>

   <TD style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top width="23%">

   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">36</FONT></P></TD></TR>

<TR>

   <TD style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top width="28%">

   <P style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">Edith E. Holiday</FONT></P></TD>

   <TD style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=bottom width="26%">

   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">1,620</FONT></P></TD>

   <TD style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top width="23%">

   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>767,111</FONT></P></TD>

   <TD style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top width="23%">

   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">36</FONT></P></TD></TR>

<TR>

   <TD style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top width="28%">

   <P style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">J. Michael Luttig</FONT></P></TD>

   <TD style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=bottom width="26%">

   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">1,637</FONT></P></TD>

   <TD style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top width="23%">

   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>707,000</FONT></P></TD>

   <TD style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top width="23%">

   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">36</FONT></P></TD></TR>

<TR>

   <TD style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top width="28%">

   <P style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">Larry D. Thompson</FONT></P></TD>

   <TD style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=bottom width="26%">

   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">1,638</FONT></P></TD>

   <TD style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top width="23%">

   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>685,000</FONT></P></TD>

   <TD style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top width="23%">

   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">36</FONT></P></TD></TR>

<TR>

   <TD style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top width="28%">

   <P style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">John B. Wilson</FONT><SUP><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">(4)</FONT></B></SUP></P></TD>

   <TD style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=bottom width="26%">

   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">&nbsp; 785</FONT></P></TD>

   <TD style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top width="23%">

   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>96,685</FONT></P></TD>

   <TD style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top width="23%">

   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">N/A</FONT></P></TD></TR>

<TR>

   <TD style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top width="28%">

   <P style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal" face="courier new"></FONT>&nbsp;</P></TD>

   <TD style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=bottom width="26%">

   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS></FONT>&nbsp;</P></TD>

   <TD style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top width="23%">

   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS></FONT>&nbsp;</P></TD>

   <TD style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top width="23%">

   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS></FONT>&nbsp;</P></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>

<P style="MARGIN: 3pt 0in 0pt 18.7pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18.7pt"><SUP><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 95%" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>(1)</FONT></SUP><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 95%" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>&nbsp;&nbsp; Compensation received for the fiscal year ended August 31, 201</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 18.7pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18.7pt"><SUP><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 95%" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>(2)</FONT></SUP><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 95%" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>&nbsp;&nbsp; Compensation received for the calendar year ended December 31, 2019.</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 18.7pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18.7pt"><SUP><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 95%" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>(3)</FONT></SUP><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 95%" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>&nbsp;&nbsp; We base the number of boards on the number of U.S. registered investment companies in the Franklin Templeton fund complex. This number does not include the total number of series or funds within each investment company for which the Board members are responsible. Franklin Templeton currently includes 41 U.S. registered investment companies, with approximately 187 U.S. based funds or series.</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 3pt 0in 0pt 18.7pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18.7pt"><SUP><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 95%" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>(4)</FONT></SUP><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 95%" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>&nbsp;&nbsp; Effective March 12, 2019, John B. Wilson ceased to be a trustee of the Fund.</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 6pt 17pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 15pt" face=TimesNewRomanPS></FONT>&nbsp;</P>

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<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>- </FONT><FONT style="DISPLAY: none"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS></FONT></FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>14</FONT><FONT style="DISPLAY: none"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS></FONT></FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS> -</FONT></P>

<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=right><FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS></FONT></FONT>&nbsp;</P>

<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=right>&nbsp;</P></DIV></DIV>

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<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 6pt 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: -12pt"><B><I><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 15pt" color=black face="times new roman">Who are the Executive Officers of &shy;the Fund?</FONT></I></B></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">Officers of the Fund are appointed by the Trustees and serve at the pleasure of the Board. Listed below, for each Executive Officer, are his or her name, year of birth, address, a brief description of his or her professional experience for the past 5 years, and his or her position and length of service with the Fund:</FONT></P>

<H1 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: avoid; TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman"></FONT></B>&nbsp;</H1>

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   <TD style="BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 138px; BACKGROUND: #dfdfdf; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt">

   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">Name, Year of Birth and Address</FONT></B></P></TD>

   <TD style="BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 143px; BACKGROUND: #dfdfdf; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt">

   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">Position</FONT></B></P></TD>

   <TD style="BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 346px; BACKGROUND: #dfdfdf; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt">

   <P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">Length of Time Served</FONT></B></P></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS></FONT>&nbsp;</P>

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<TR>

   <TD style="BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 138px; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Alison E. Baur</FONT></P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>(1964)</FONT></P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>One Franklin Parkway </FONT></P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>San Mateo, CA 94403-1906</FONT></P></TD>

   <TD style="BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 143px; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Vice President</FONT></P></TD>

   <TD style="BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 347px; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Since 2012</FONT></P></TD></TR>

<TR style="PAGE-BREAK-INSIDE: avoid">

   <TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 658px; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top colSpan=3>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Principal Occupation During at Least the Past 5 Years: </FONT></B></P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Deputy General Counsel, Franklin Templeton; and officer of some of the other subsidiaries of Franklin Resources, Inc. and of 41 of the investment companies in Franklin Templeton.</FONT></P></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS></FONT>&nbsp;</P>

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   <TD style="BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 138px; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Sonal Desai, Ph.D. (1963)</FONT></P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>One Franklin Parkway </FONT></P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>San Mateo, CA 94403-1906</FONT></P></TD>

   <TD style="BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 143px; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>President and Chief Executive Officer - Investment Management</FONT></P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS></FONT>&nbsp;</P></TD>

   <TD style="BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 348px; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Since 2018</FONT></P></TD></TR>

<TR style="PAGE-BREAK-INSIDE: avoid">

   <TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 659px; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top colSpan=3>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Principal Occupation During at Least the Past 5 Years:</FONT></B></P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Director and Executive Vice President, Franklin Advisers, Inc.; Executive Vice President, Franklin Templeton Institutional, LLC; and officer of 17 of the investment companies in Franklin Templeton.</FONT></P></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS></FONT>&nbsp;</P>

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   <TD style="BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 138px; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Gaston Gardey (1967)</FONT></P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>One Franklin Parkway</FONT></P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>San Mateo,</FONT></P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>CA 94403-1906</FONT></P></TD>

   <TD style="BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 143px; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Treasurer, Chief Financial Officer and Chief Accounting Officer</FONT></P></TD>

   <TD style="BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 346px; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Since 2009</FONT></P></TD></TR>

<TR style="PAGE-BREAK-INSIDE: avoid">

   <TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 657px; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top colSpan=3>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Principal Occupation During at Least the Past 5 Years:</FONT></B></P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Treasurer, U.S. Fund Administration &amp; Reporting and officer of 24 of the investment companies in Franklin Templeton.</FONT></P></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>

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<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>- </FONT><FONT style="DISPLAY: none"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS></FONT></FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>15</FONT><FONT style="DISPLAY: none"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS></FONT></FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS> -</FONT></P>

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   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Steven J. Gray (1955)</FONT></P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>One Franklin Parkway </FONT></P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>San Mateo, CA 94403-1906</FONT></P></TD>

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   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Vice President and Co-Secretary</FONT></P></TD>

   <TD style="BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 345px; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Vice President since 2009 and Co-Secretary since 2019</FONT></P></TD></TR>

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   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Principal Occupation During at Least the Past 5 Years:</FONT></B></P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Senior Associate General Counsel, Franklin Templeton; Vice President, Franklin Templeton Distributors, Inc. and FASA, LLC; and officer of 41 of the investment companies in Franklin Templeton. </FONT></P></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>

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   <TD style="BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 138px; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Matthew T. Hinkle (1971)</FONT></P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>One Franklin Parkway</FONT></P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>San Mateo,</FONT></P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>CA 94403-1906</FONT></P></TD>

   <TD style="BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 143px; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Chief Executive Officer &#8211; Finance and Administration</FONT></P></TD>

   <TD style="BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 347px; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Since 2017</FONT></P></TD></TR>

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   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Principal Occupation During at Least the Past 5 Years:</FONT></B></P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Senior Vice President, Franklin Templeton Services, LLC; officer of 41 of the investment companies in Franklin Templeton; and </FONT><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>formerly,</FONT></B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS> Vice President, Global Tax (2012-April 2017) and Treasurer/Assistant Treasurer, Franklin Templeton (2009-2017).</FONT></P></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>

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   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Robert Lim (1948)</FONT></P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>One Franklin Parkway </FONT></P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: line; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>San Mateo, CA 94403-1906</FONT></P></TD>

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   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Vice President &#8211; AML Compliance</FONT></P></TD>

   <TD style="BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 346px; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Since 2016</FONT></P></TD></TR>

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   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Principal Occupation During at Least the Past 5 Years:</FONT></B></P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Vice President, Franklin Templeton Companies, LLC; Chief Compliance Officer, Franklin Templeton Distributors, Inc. and Franklin Templeton Investor Services, LLC; and officer of 41 of the investment companies in Franklin Templeton.</FONT></P></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>

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   <TD style="BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 118px; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Robert C. Rosselot (1960)</FONT></P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>300 S.E. 2nd Street</FONT></P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Fort Lauderdale,</FONT></P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>FL 33301-1923</FONT></P></TD>

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   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Chief Compliance Officer</FONT></P></TD>

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   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Since 2013</FONT></P></TD>

   <TD style="BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 97px; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Not Applicable</FONT></P></TD>

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   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Not Applicable</FONT></P></TD></TR>

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   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Principal Occupation During at Least the Past 5 Years:</FONT></B></P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Director, Global Compliance, Franklin Templeton; Vice President, Franklin Templeton Companies, LLC; officer of 41 of the investment companies in Franklin Templeton; and </FONT><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>formerly</FONT></B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>, Senior Associate General Counsel, Franklin Templeton (2007-2013); and Secretary and Vice President, Templeton Group of Funds (2004-2013).</FONT></P></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>

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   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Navid J. Tofigh (1972)</FONT></P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>One Franklin Parkway</FONT></P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>San Mateo, CA 94403-1906</FONT></P></TD>

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   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Vice President</FONT></P></TD>

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   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Since 2015</FONT></P></TD>

   <TD style="BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 111px; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Not Applicable</FONT></P></TD>

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   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt" face="times new roman">Not Applicable</FONT></P></TD></TR>

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   <TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 655px; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top colSpan=5>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Principal Occupation During at Least the Past 5 Years:</FONT></B></P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Associate General Counsel and officer of 41 of the investment companies in Franklin Templeton.</FONT></P></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>

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<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>- </FONT><FONT style="DISPLAY: none"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS></FONT></FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>16</FONT><FONT style="DISPLAY: none"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS></FONT></FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS> -</FONT></P>

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   <TD style="BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 118px; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Craig S. Tyle (1960)</FONT></P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>One Franklin Parkway </FONT></P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>San Mateo, CA 94403-1906</FONT></P></TD>

   <TD style="BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 117px; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Vice President</FONT></P></TD>

   <TD style="BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 98px; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Since 2005</FONT></P></TD>

   <TD style="BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 97px; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Not Applicable</FONT></P></TD>

   <TD style="BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 162px; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Not Applicable</FONT></P></TD></TR>

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   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Principal Occupation During at Least the Past 5 Years:</FONT></B></P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>General Counsel and Executive Vice President, Franklin Resources, Inc.; and officer of some of the other subsidiaries of Franklin Resources, Inc. and of 41 of the investment companies in Franklin Templeton.</FONT></P></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>

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   <TD style="BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 118px; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LINE-HEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">Lori A. Weber (1964)</FONT></P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">300 S.E. 2<SUP>nd</SUP> Street</FONT></P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">Fort Lauderdale,</FONT></P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">FL 33301-1923</FONT></P></TD>

   <TD style="BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 104px; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt" face="times new roman">Vice President&nbsp; and Co-Secretary</FONT></P></TD>

   <TD style="BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 111px; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char" face="times new roman">Vice President since 2011 and Co-Secretary since 2019</FONT></P></TD>

   <TD style="BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 97px; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">Not Applicable</FONT></P></TD>

   <TD style="BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; WIDTH: 164px; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; PADDING-TOP: 0in; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt" vAlign=top>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">Not Applicable</FONT></P></TD></TR>

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   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Principal Occupation During at Least the Past 5 Years:</FONT></B></P>

   <P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Senior Associate General Counsel, Franklin Templeton; Assistant Secretary, Franklin Resources, Inc.; Vice President and Secretary, Templeton Investment Counsel, LLC; and officer of 41 of the investment companies in Franklin Templeton.</FONT></P></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>

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<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 6pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 15pt" color=black face="times new roman">Note 1:&nbsp; Officer information is current as of the date of this proxy statement.&nbsp; It is possible that after this date, information about officers may change.</FONT></P>

<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 6pt" align=center><B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; BACKGROUND: white; LINE-HEIGHT: 15pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>THE BOARD UNANIMOUSLY RECOMMENDS A VOTE &#8220;FOR&#8221; EACH OF THE NOMINEES LISTED IN THE PROPOSAL.</FONT></B></P>

<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 6pt" align=center><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 15pt" color=black face="times new roman"></FONT>&nbsp;</P>

<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0pt; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric" color=black face="times new roman">&nbsp;</FONT><B><I><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric" color=black face="times new roman">&#9830; </FONT></I></B><B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric" color=black face="times new roman">ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ABOUT &shy;THE FUND</FONT></B></P>

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<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><B><I><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">The Investment Manager.</FONT></I></B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;The Investment Manager is Franklin Advisers, Inc., a California corporation, whose principal address is One Franklin Parkway, San Mateo, CA 94403. The Investment Manager is a &shy;wholly-owned subsidiary of Resources.</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><B><I><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">The Administrator.</FONT></I></B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;The administrator of the Fund is Franklin Templeton Services, LLC (&#8220;FT Services&#8221;), whose principal address is also One Franklin Parkway, San Mateo, CA 94403. Under an agreement with the</FONT><B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">Investment Manager, FT Services performs certain administrative functions, such as portfolio recordkeeping, for the Fund. FT Services is an indirect, &shy;wholly-owned subsidiary of &shy;Resources.</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><B><I><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">The Transfer Agent and Custodian.</FONT></I></B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;The transfer agent, registrar and dividend disbursement agent for the Fund is American Stock Transfer &amp; Trust Company, LLC, 6201 15<SUP>th</SUP> Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11219. The&nbsp;Bank of New York Mellon, Mutual Funds Division, 100 Church Street, New York, NY 10286, acts as the custodian of the Fund&#8217;s securities and other &shy;assets.&nbsp; </FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><B><I><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">Reports to Shareholders and Financial Statements.</FONT></I></B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;The Fund&#8217;s last audited financial statements and annual report for the fiscal year ended &shy; August 31, 2019, are available free of charge. To obtain a copy, please visit the Fund&#8217;s website at www.franklintempleton.com, or call (800) </FONT>


<FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">DIAL BEN/342-5236 or forward a written request to Franklin Templeton Investor Services, LLC, P.O. Box 997151, Sacramento, CA &shy; 95899-9983.</FONT></P>

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<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><B><I><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">Principal Shareholders.</FONT></I></B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;As of January 10, 2020, the Fund had 25,131,894 shares outstanding and total net assets of $220,593.412.&nbsp; The Fund&#8217;s shares are listed on the NYSE (symbol: FT). From time to time, the number of shares held in &#8220;street name&#8221; accounts of various securities dealers for the benefit of their clients may exceed 5% of the total shares outstanding. To the knowledge of the Fund&#8217;s management and/or based on public filings, as of January 10, 2020, there were no entities holding beneficially or of record more than 5% of the Fund&#8217;s outstanding shares.</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">In addition, </FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: -0.25pt" face="Times New Roman">to the knowledge of the Fund&#8217;s management, as of January 10, 2020, no Trustee</FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman"> of the Fund owned 1% or more of the outstanding shares of the Fund, and the officers and Trustees of the Fund owned, as a group, less than 1% of the outstanding shares of &shy;the Fund.</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><B><I><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">Contacting the Board.</FONT></I></B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;If a shareholder wishes to send a communication to the Board, such correspondence should be in writing and addressed to the Board at the Fund&#8217;s offices, One Franklin Parkway, San Mateo, California 94403. The correspondence will then be given to the Board for its review and &shy;consideration.</FONT><B><I><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" color=black face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></I></B></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 6pt"><B><I><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">&#9830; AUDIT COMMITTEE</FONT></I></B></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">The Board has a standing Audit Committee currently consisting of Messrs. Checki (Chairman), Luttig, and Thompson and Ms. Choksi, all of whom are Independent Trustees and also are considered to be &#8220;independent&#8221; as that term is defined by the NYSE&#8217;s listing standards. The Fund&#8217;s Audit Committee is responsible for the appointment, compensation and retention of the Fund&#8217;s independent registered public accounting firm (&#8220;auditors&#8221;), including evaluating their independence, recommending the selection of the Fund&#8217;s auditors to the full Board, and meeting with such auditors to consider and review matters relating to the Fund&#8217;s financial reports and internal auditing. </FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><B><I><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">Selection of Auditors.</FONT></I></B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">The Audit Committee and the Board have selected the firm of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP (&#8220;PwC&#8221;) as auditors of the Fund for the current fiscal year. Representatives of PwC are not expected to be present at the Meeting, but will have the opportunity to make a statement if they wish, and will be available should any matter arise requiring their presence.</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><B><I><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" face="Times New Roman">Audit Fees</FONT></I></B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" face="Times New Roman">.&nbsp;</FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">The aggregate fees paid to PwC for professional services rendered by PwC for the audit of the Fund&#8217;s annual financial statements or for services that are normally provided by PwC in connection with statutory and regulatory filings or engagements were $50,507 for the fiscal year ended August 31, 2019, and $50,180 for the fiscal year ended August 31, 2018.</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><B><I><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" face="Times New Roman">Audit-Related Fees</FONT></I></B><B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" face="Times New Roman">.</FONT></B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">There were no aggregate fees paid to PwC for assurance and related services rendered by PwC to the Fund that are reasonably related to the performance of the audit of the Fund's financial statements and are not reported under &#8220;Audit Fees&#8221; above for the fiscal years ended August 31, 2019 and August 31, 2018.&nbsp; </FONT></P>

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<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">There were no fees paid to PwC for assurance and related services rendered by PwC to the Investment Manager and any entity controlling, controlled by or under common control with the Investment Manager that provides ongoing services to the Fund that are reasonably related to the performance of the audit of their financial statements for the fiscal years ended August 31, 2019 and August 31, 2018.&nbsp; </FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><B><I><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">Tax Fees</FONT></I></B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">.&nbsp;There were no fees paid to PwC for professional services rendered by PwC to the Fund for tax compliance, tax advice and tax planning for the fiscal years ended August 31, 2019 and August 31, 2018.</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">The aggregate fees paid to PwC for professional services rendered by PwC to the Investment Manager and any entity controlling, controlled by or under common control with the Investment Manager that provides ongoing services to the Fund for tax compliance, tax advice and tax planning were $20,000 for the fiscal year ended August 31, 2019 and $5,000 for the fiscal year ended August 31, 2018.&nbsp; The services for which these fees were paid included tax consulting services related to an operating agreement and term sheet for the launch of a new fund.</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><B><I><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" face="Times New Roman">All Other Fees</FONT></I></B><B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" face="Times New Roman">.</FONT></B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" face="Times New Roman"> </FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">The aggregate fees paid to PwC for products and services rendered by PwC to the Fund, not reported in previous paragraphs were $0 for the fiscal year ended August 31, 2019 and $72 for the fiscal year ended August 31, 2018.&nbsp; The services for which these fees were paid included review of materials provided to the Board in connection with the investment management contract renewal process.</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">The aggregate fees paid to PwC for products and services rendered by PwC to the Investment Manager and any entity controlling, controlled by or under common control with the Investment Manager that provides ongoing services to the Fund other than services reported in previous paragraphs, were $7,700 for the fiscal year ended August 31, 2019 and $16,500 for the fiscal year ended August 31, 2018.&nbsp; The services for which these fees were paid included an assets under management certification, and the issuance of an Auditors&#8217; Certificate for South Korean regulatory shareholder disclosures.</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">The Fund&#8217;s Audit Committee is directly responsible for approving the services to be provided by the auditors, including:</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0.5in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">(i)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; pre-approval of all audit and audit related services;</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt 1in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">(ii)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; pre-approval of all non-audit related services to be provided to the Fund by the auditors;</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt 1in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">(iii)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; pre-approval of all non-audit related services to be provided by the auditors to the Fund, to the Investment Manager or to any entity that controls, is controlled by or is under common control with the Investment Manager and that provides ongoing services to the Fund where the non-audit services relate directly to the operations or financial reporting of the Fund; and</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt 1in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">(iv)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; establishment by the Audit Committee, if deemed necessary or appropriate, as an alternative to committee pre-approval of services to be provided by the auditors, as required by paragraphs (ii) and (iii) above, of policies and procedures to permit </FONT>


<FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">such services to be pre-approved by other means, such as through establishment of guidelines or by action of a designated member or members of the Audit Committee; provided the policies and procedures are detailed as to the particular service, the Audit Committee is informed of each service and such policies and procedures do not include delegation of Audit Committee responsibilities, as contemplated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, to management; subject, in the case of (ii) through (iv), to any waivers, exceptions or exemptions that may be available under applicable law or rules.</FONT></P>

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<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">None of the services provided to the Fund described in the preceding paragraphs (other than under &#8220;Audit Fees&#8221; above) were approved by the Audit Committee pursuant to paragraph (c)(7)(i)(C) of Rule 2-01 of Regulation S-X.</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><B><I><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">Aggregate Non-Audit Fees</FONT></I></B><B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">.</FONT></B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;The aggregate non-audit fees of $27,700 for the fiscal year ended August 31, 2019, and $21,572 for the fiscal year ended August 31, 2018 were paid to PwC for services rendered by PwC to the Fund and the Investment Manager and any entity controlling, controlled by, or under common control with the Investment Manager that provides ongoing services to the Fund.</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">The Audit Committee has considered whether the provision of the non-audit services that were rendered to the Investment Manager and any entity controlling, controlled by, or under common control with the Investment Manager that provides ongoing services to the Fund that were not pre-approved pursuant to paragraph (c)(7)(ii) of Rule 2-01 of Regulation S-X is compatible with maintaining PwC's independence.</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><B><I><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">Audit Committee Report</FONT></I></B><B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">.</FONT></B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;The Board has adopted and approved a revised formal written charter for the Audit Committee, which sets forth the Audit Committee&#8217;s responsibilities. A copy of the charter is attached hereto as &#8220;Exhibit B&#8221;.</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">The</FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: -0.25pt" face="Times New Roman"> Audit Committee reviewed and discussed the Fund&#8217;s audited financial statements</FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman"> with management, as well as with PwC, the Fund&#8217;s auditors. The Audit Committee discussed with PwC the matters required to be discussed by the statement on Auditing Standards No. 16, as amended, as adopted by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board.</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="Times New Roman">The Audit Committee received the written disclosures and the letter from PwC required by </FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">applicable requirements of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board regarding PwC&#8217;s communications with the Audit Committee concerning independence. </FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" color=black face="Times New Roman">The Audit Committee also received the report of PwC regarding the results of their audit. In connection with their review of the financial statements and the auditors&#8217; report, the members of the Audit Committee discussed with PwC the independence of PwC, as well as the following: the auditors&#8217; responsibilities in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards; the auditors&#8217; responsibilities for information prepared management that accompanies the Fund&#8217;s audited financial statements and any procedures performed and the results; the initial selection of, and whether there were any changes in, significant accounting policies or their application; management&#8217;s judgments and accounting estimates; whether there were any significant audit adjustments; whether there were any disagreements with management; whether there was any consultation with other accountants; whether there were any major issues discussed with </FONT>


<FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" color=black face="Times New Roman">management prior to the auditors&#8217; retention; whether the auditors encountered any difficulties in dealing with management in performing the audit; and the auditors&#8217; judgments about the quality of the Fund&#8217;s accounting &shy; principles.</FONT></P>

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<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>- </FONT><FONT style="DISPLAY: none"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS></FONT></FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>20</FONT><FONT style="DISPLAY: none"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS></FONT></FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS> -</FONT></P>

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<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" color=black face="Times New Roman">Based on its review and discussions with management and the Fund&#8217;s auditors, the Audit Committee did not become aware of any material misstatements or omissions in the financial statements.</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">Accordingly, the Audit Committee recommended to the Board that the audited financial statements be included in the Fund&#8217;s Annual Report to Shareholders for the fiscal year ended August 31, 2019, for filing with &shy;the SEC.</FONT></P>

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<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 17pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 15pt" color=black face="times new roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; AUDIT &shy;COMMITTEE</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 17pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 15pt" color=black face="times new roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;Terrence J. Checki (Chairman)</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 17.3pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 15pt" face="times new roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Mary C. Choksi</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT><FONT lang=SV style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">J. Michael Luttig</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=SV style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Larry D. Thompson</FONT></P>

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<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><B><I><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">&#9830;</FONT></I></B><B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman"> </FONT></B><B><I><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ABOUT THE BOARD</FONT></I></B></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=SV style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman"></FONT>&nbsp;</P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><B><I><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">Board Role in Risk Oversight.</FONT></I></B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman"> The Board, as a whole, considers risk management issues as part of its general oversight responsibilities throughout the year at regular Board meetings, through regular reports that have been developed by management, in consultation with the Board and its counsel. These reports address certain investment, valuation and compliance matters. The Board also may receive special written reports or presentations on a variety of risk issues, either upon the Board&#8217;s request or upon the Investment Manager&#8217;s initiative. In addition, the Audit Committee of the Board meets regularly with the Investment Manager&#8217;s internal audit group to review reports on their examinations of functions and processes within Franklin Templeton that affect the Fund.</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">With respect to investment risk, the Board receives regular written reports describing and analyzing the investment performance of the Fund. In addition, the portfolio managers of the Fund meet regularly with the Board to discuss portfolio performance, including investment risk. To the extent that the Fund changes a particular investment strategy that could have a material impact on the Fund&#8217;s risk profile, the Board generally is consulted with respect to such change. To the extent that the Fund invests in certain complex securities, including derivatives, the Board receives periodic reports containing information about exposure of the Fund to such instruments. In addition, the Investment Manager&#8217;s investment risk personnel meet regularly with the Board to discuss a variety of issues, including the impact on the Fund of the investment in particular securities or instruments, such as derivatives.</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">With respect to valuation, the Fund&#8217;s administrator provides regular written reports to the Board that enable the Board to monitor the number of fair valued securities in a particular portfolio, the reasons for the fair valuation and the methodology used to arrive at the fair value. Such reports </FONT>


<FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">also include information concerning illiquid securities within the Fund&#8217;s portfolio. The Board also reviews dispositional analysis information on the sale of securities that require special valuation considerations, such as illiquid or fair valued securities. In addition, the Fund&#8217;s Audit Committee reviews valuation procedures and results with the Fund&#8217;s independent auditors in connection with the Audit Committee&#8217;s review of the results of the audit of the Fund&#8217;s year-end financial statements.</FONT></P>

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<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">With respect to compliance risks, the Board receives regular compliance reports prepared by the Investment Manager&#8217;s compliance group and meets regularly with the Fund's Chief Compliance Officer (&#8220;CCO&#8221;) to discuss compliance issues, including compliance risks. In accordance with SEC rules, the Independent Trustees meet regularly in executive session with the CCO, and the CCO prepares and presents an annual written compliance report to the Board. The Board adopts compliance policies and procedures for the Fund and approves such procedures for the Fund&#8217;s service providers. The compliance policies and procedures are specifically designed to detect and prevent violations of the federal securities laws.</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">The Investment Manager periodically provides an enterprise risk management presentation to the Board to describe the way in which risk is managed on a complex-wide level. Such presentation covers such areas as investment risk, reputational risk, personnel risk, and business continuity risk.</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><B><I><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">Board Structure.</FONT></I></B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman"> Seventy-five percent or more of Board members are Independent Trustees who are not deemed to be &#8220;interested persons&#8221; by reason of their relationship with the Fund&#8217;s management or otherwise as provided under the 1940 Act. While the Chairman of the Board is an interested person, the Board is also served by a Lead Independent Trustee. The Lead Independent Trustee, together with independent counsel, reviews proposed agendas for Board meetings and generally acts as a liaison with Fund management with respect to questions and issues raised by the Independent Trustees. The Lead Independent Trustee also presides at separate meetings of Independent Trustees held in advance of each scheduled Board meeting where various matters, including those being considered at such Board meeting, are discussed. It is believed such structure and activities assure that proper consideration is given at Board meetings to matters deemed important to the Fund and its shareholders.</FONT></P>

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<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><B><I><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">&#9830;</FONT></I></B><B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman"> FURTHER INFORMATION ABOUT VOTING AND THE &shy;MEETING</FONT></B></P>

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<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><B><I><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="Times New Roman">Solicitation of Proxies</FONT></I></B><B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="Times New Roman">.</FONT></B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman"> Your vote is being solicited by the Board. The cost of soliciting these proxies, including the fees of any proxy soliciting agent, is borne by the Fund. The Fund reimburses brokerage firms and others for their expenses in forwarding proxy materials to the beneficial owners and soliciting them to execute their proxies. In addition, the Fund may retain a professional proxy solicitation firm to assist with any necessary solicitation of proxies. The Fund expects that the solicitation would be primarily by mail, but may also be conducted via telephone, telecopy, electronic or oral solicitations. If the Fund does not receive your proxy by a certain time, you may receive a telephone call from a proxy soliciting agent asking you to vote. </FONT>


<FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">If professional proxy solicitors are retained, it is expected that soliciting fees would be approximately $5,000, plus expenses. The Fund does not reimburse Trustees and officers of the Fund, or regular employees and agents of the Investment Manager, involved in the solicitation of proxies. The Fund intends to pay all costs associated with the solicitation and the Meeting.</FONT></P>

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<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><B><I><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">Voting by &shy;Broker-Dealers</FONT></I></B><B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">.</FONT></B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;The Fund expects that, before the Meeting, broker-dealer firms holding shares of the Fund in &#8220;street name&#8221; for their customers will request voting instructions from their customers and beneficial owners. If these instructions are not received by the date specified in the broker-dealer firms&#8217; proxy solicitation materials, the Fund understands that the broker-dealers are only permitted to vote on the Proposal on behalf of their customers and beneficial owners. Certain broker-dealers may exercise discretion over shares held in their name for which no instructions are received by voting those shares in the same proportion as they vote shares for which they received instructions.&nbsp; </FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; BACKGROUND: white" color=black face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;Because there are no proposals expected to come before the Meeting for which brokers or nominees do not have discretionary voting power, the Fund does not anticipate receiving any &#8220;broker non-votes&#8221; (i.e., shares held by brokers or nominees as to which (i) instructions have not been received from the beneficial owners or persons entitled to vote and (ii) the broker or nominee does not have discretionary voting power on a particular matter).</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><B><I><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">Quorum</FONT></I></B><B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">.</FONT></B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;Forty percent of the shares entitled to vote &#8212; present in person or represented by proxy &#8212; constitutes a quorum at the Meeting. The shares over which &shy;broker-dealers have discretionary voting power, the shares that represent &#8220;broker &shy; non-votes&#8221; (if any), and the shares whose proxies reflect an abstention on any item (if any), are all counted as shares present and entitled to vote for purposes of determining whether the required quorum of shares &shy;exists. However, because the Proposal is the only matter currently expected to be presented at the Meeting, the Fund does not anticipate that there will be any broker non-votes or abstentions.</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><B><I><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; BACKGROUND: white" color=black face="Times New Roman">Required Vote</FONT></I></B><B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; BACKGROUND: white" color=black face="Times New Roman">.</FONT></B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; BACKGROUND: white" color=black face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;Provided that a quorum is present, the election of Trustees requires a plurality of shares voted, meaning that the eight nominees receiving the greatest number of votes shall be elected. All voting rights are non-cumulative, which means that the holders of more than 50% of the shares voting for the election of Trustees can elect 100% of such Trustees if they choose to&nbsp;do so, and in such event, the holders of the remaining shares voting will not be able to elect any Trustees. </FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; BACKGROUND: white" color=black face="Times New Roman">Abstentions, withholds and broker non-votes, if any, will be treated as votes present at the Meeting, but will not be treated as votes cast. Abstentions, withholds and broker non-votes, therefore, will not be counted for purposes of obtaining approval of the Proposal. As discussed above, the Fund does not anticipate there will be any broker non-votes or abstentions.</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><B><I><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">Adjournment</FONT></I></B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">.&nbsp;Whether or not a quorum is present at the Meeting, the Meeting may be adjourned from time to time for any reason whatsoever by vote of a majority vote of the shares represented at the Meeting, either in person or by proxy.&nbsp; If the Meeting is adjourned, notice need not be given of the adjourned meeting at which the adjournment is taken, unless a new record date of the adjourned meeting is fixed or unless the adjournment is for more than 120 days from the date set for the original Meeting, in which case the Board shall set a new date. At any adjourned Meeting, the Fund may transact any business which might have been transacted at the original </FONT>


<FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">Meeting. &nbsp;The persons named as proxies will vote in their discretion on questions of adjournment those shares for which proxies have been received.</FONT></P>

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<P style="MARGIN: 12pt 0in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">With respect to adjournments, the Fund or its officers, as applicable, will adhere to the guidelines provided in the 1973 Release, and weigh carefully the decision whether to adjourn a shareholder meeting for the purpose of soliciting shareholders to obtain additional proxies. In any such case, the persons named as proxies and/or the officers of the Fund will consider whether an adjournment and additional solicitation is reasonable and in the interest of shareholders, or whether such procedures would constitute an abuse of office.</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><B><I><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">Shareholder Proposals</FONT></I></B><B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">.</FONT></B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">&nbsp; The Fund anticipates mailing this proxy statement on or about January 31, 2020. The Fund anticipates that its next Annual Shareholders&#8217; Meeting will be held on or about Thursday, March 11, 2021.&nbsp; Shareholder proposals to be presented at the next annual shareholders&#8217; meeting must be received at the Fund&#8217;s offices, One Franklin Parkway, San Mateo, California 94403, Attention: Secretary, no later than October 3, 2020, in order to be considered for inclusion in the Fund&#8217;s proxy statement and proxy card relating to that meeting and presented at that meeting. Submission of a proposal by a shareholder does not guarantee that the proposal will be included in the proxy statement. A shareholder who wishes to make a proposal at the 2021 Annual Shareholders&#8217; Meeting without including the proposal in the Fund&#8217;s proxy statement must notify the Fund at the Fund&#8217;s offices of such proposal by December 17, 2020.&nbsp; If a shareholder fails to give notice by this date, then the persons named as proxies in the proxies solicited by the Board for the 2021 Annual Shareholders&#8217; Meeting may exercise discretionary voting power with respect to any such proposal.</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">No business other than the matters described above is expected to come before the Meeting, but should any other matter requiring a vote of shareholders arise, including any question as to an adjournment or postponement of the Meeting, the designated proxy holders will vote on such matters in accordance with the views of the Fund&#8217;s management.</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 17.3pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; By order of the Board of Trustees,</FONT></P>

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<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" color=black face="times new roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" color=black face="times new roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Navid J. Tofigh</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 6pt 17pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 15pt" color=black face="times new roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT><I><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 15pt" color=black face="times new roman">Vice President &amp; Assistant Secretary</FONT></I></P>

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<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">Dated: January 31, 2020</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">San Mateo, California</FONT></P>

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<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in" align=center><B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">EXHIBIT A </FONT></B></P>

<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>FRANKLN FUNDS </FONT></B></P>

<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>NOMINATING COMMITTEE CHARTER</FONT></B></P>

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<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; TEXT-DECORATION: none; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS></FONT></B>&nbsp;</P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.75in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>I.</FONT></B><B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 7pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric" color=black face="times new roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></B><B><U><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>The Committee</FONT></U></B><B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>.</FONT></B></P>

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<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0in 0.75in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face=TimesNewRomanPS>The Nominating Committee (the &#8220;Committee&#8221;) is a committee of, and established by, the Board of Directors/Trustees of the Fund (the &#8220;Board&#8221;).&nbsp; The Committee consists of such number of members as set by the Board from time to time and its members shall be selected by the Board.&nbsp; The Committee shall be comprised entirely of &#8220;independent members.&#8221;&nbsp; For purposes of this Charter, independent members shall mean members who are not interested persons of the Fund (&#8220;Disinterested Board members&#8221;) as defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the &#8220;1940 Act&#8221;).</FONT></P>

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<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.75in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>II.</FONT></B><B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 7pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric" color=black face="times new roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></B><B><U><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Board Nominations and Functions</FONT></U></B><B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>.</FONT></B></P>

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<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt 1in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>1.</FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 7pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric" color=black face="times new roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>The Committee shall make recommendations for nominations for Disinterested Board members on the Board to the incumbent Disinterested Board members and to the full Board.&nbsp; The Committee shall evaluate candidates&#8217; qualifications for Board membership and the independence of such candidates from the Fund&#8217;s investment manager and other principal service providers.&nbsp; Persons selected must be independent in terms of both the letter and the spirit of the 1940 Act.&nbsp; The Committee shall also consider the effect of any relationships beyond those delineated in the 1940 Act that might impair independence, </FONT><U><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>e.g.</FONT></U><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>, business, financial or family relationships with investment managers or service providers.</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt 1in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>2.</FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 7pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric" color=black face="times new roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>The Committee also shall evaluate candidates&#8217; qualifications and make recommendations for &#8220;interested&#8221; members on the Board to the full Board.</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>3.</FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 7pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric" color=black face="times new roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>The Committee may adopt from time to time specific, minimum qualifications that the Committee believes a candidate must meet before being considered as a candidate for Board membership and shall comply with any rules adopted from time to time by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission regarding investment company nominating committees and the nomination of persons to be considered as candidates for Board membership.</FONT></P>

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<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>4.</FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 7pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric" color=black face="times new roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>The Committee shall review shareholder recommendations for nominations to fill vacancies on the Board if such recommendations are submitted in writing and addressed to the Committee at the Fund&#8217;s offices.&nbsp; The Committee shall adopt, by resolution, a policy regarding its </FONT>


<FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>procedures for considering candidates for the Board, including any recommended by shareholders.</FONT></P>

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<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS></FONT>&nbsp;</P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.75in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>III.</FONT></B><B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 7pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric" color=black face="times new roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></B><B><U><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Committee Nominations and Functions</FONT></U></B><B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>.</FONT></B></P>

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<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0in 0.75in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face=TimesNewRomanPS>The Committee shall make recommendations to the full Board for nomination for membership on all committees of the Board.</FONT></P>

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<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.75in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>IV.</FONT></B><B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 7pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric" color=black face="times new roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></B><B><U><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>Other Powers and Responsibilities</FONT></U></B><B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>.</FONT></B></P>

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<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt 1in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face=TimesNewRomanPS>1.</FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 7pt" face="times new roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face=TimesNewRomanPS>The Committee shall meet at least once each year or more frequently in open or executive sessions.&nbsp; The Committee may invite members of management, counsel, advisers and others to attend its meetings as it deems appropriate.&nbsp; The Committee shall have separate sessions with management and others, as and when it deems appropriate.</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt 1in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face=TimesNewRomanPS>2.</FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 7pt" face="times new roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face=TimesNewRomanPS>The Committee shall have the resources and authority appropriate to discharge its responsibilities, including authority to retain special counsel and other experts or consultants at the expense of the Fund.</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt 1in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face=TimesNewRomanPS>3.</FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 7pt" face="times new roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face=TimesNewRomanPS>The Committee shall report its activities to the Board and make such recommendations as the Committee may deem necessary or appropriate.</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt 1in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face=TimesNewRomanPS>4.</FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 7pt" face="times new roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face=TimesNewRomanPS>A majority of the members of the Committee shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business at any meeting of the Committee.&nbsp; The action of a majority of the members of the Committee present at a meeting at which a quorum is present shall be the action of the Committee.&nbsp; The Committee may meet in person or by telephone, and the Committee may act by written consent, to the extent permitted by law and by the Fund&#8217;s by-laws.&nbsp; In the event of any inconsistency between this Charter and the Fund&#8217;s organizational documents, the provisions of the Fund&#8217;s organizational documents shall be given precedence.</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt 1in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face=TimesNewRomanPS>5.</FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 7pt" face="times new roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face=TimesNewRomanPS>The Committee shall review this Charter at least annually and recommend any changes to the full Board.</FONT></P>

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<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt 0.75in"><B><U><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face=TimesNewRomanPS>ADDITIONAL STATEMENT FOR CLOSED-END FUNDS ONLY</FONT></U></B></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt 0.5in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face=TimesNewRomanPS>The Committee shall comply with any rules of any stock exchange, if any, applicable to nominating committees of closed-end funds whose shares are registered thereon.</FONT></P>

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<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in" align=center><B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">EXHIBIT B</FONT></B></P>

<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt"><B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; TEXT-TRANSFORM: uppercase" face="Times New Roman">FRANKLIN TEMPLETON <BR>AUDIT COMMITTEE CHARTER</FONT></B></P>

<H1 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in" align=left><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric" color=black face="times new roman">I.</FONT></B><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 7pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric" color=black face="times new roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></B><B><U><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric" color=black face="times new roman">The Committee.</FONT></U></B></H1>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0.5in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">The Audit Committee (&#8220;Committee&#8221;) is a committee of, and established by, the Board of Directors/Trustees of the Fund (the &#8220;Board&#8221;).</FONT><SUP><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="times new roman">1</FONT></SUP><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman"> The Committee shall consist of such number of members as set by the Board from time to time, but in no event fewer than three (</FONT><I><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">NYSE-listed Funds only</FONT></I><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">), and its members shall be selected by the Board. The Committee shall be comprised entirely of members who satisfy the requirements for independence set out in Rule 10A-3(b)(1) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the &#8220;1934 Act&#8221;) (&#8220;Disinterested Board members&#8221;).</FONT><SUP><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="times new roman">2</FONT></SUP><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">&nbsp; Each member of the Committee must be financially literate, as such qualification is interpreted by the Board in its business judgment, or must become financially literate within a reasonable period of time after his or her appointment to the Committee. At least one member of the Committee must be an &#8220;audit committee financial expert,&#8221; as determined by the Board and as defined in Item 3(b) of U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (&#8220;SEC&#8221;) Form N-CSR. The Committee will make recommendations to the Board for its approval with respect to such audit committee financial expert determinations at least annually.</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0.5in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">If a Committee member of an NYSE-listed Fund simultaneously serves on the audit committee of more than three public companies, the Board must determine that such simultaneous service would not impair the ability of such member to effectively serve on the Fund&#8217;s Committee. When a member serves on multiple boards in the same fund complex, such service will be counted as one board for these purposes (</FONT><I><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">NYSE-listed Funds only</FONT></I><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">).</FONT></P>

<H1 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in" align=left><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric" color=black face="times new roman">II.</FONT></B><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 7pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric" color=black face="times new roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></B><B><U><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric" color=black face="times new roman">Purposes of the Committee</FONT></U></B><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric" color=black face="times new roman">.</FONT></B></H1>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0.5in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">The function of the Committee is to assist Board oversight of&nbsp; the Fund&#8217;s financial statements and accounting and auditing processes, which shall include being directly responsible for the appointment, compensation, retention and oversight of the work of the Fund&#8217;s independent registered public accounting firm (&#8220;auditors&#8221;) engaged (including resolution of disagreements between management and the auditors regarding financial reporting) for the purpose of preparing or issuing an audit report or performing other audit, review or attest services for the Fund.&nbsp; It is management&#8217;s responsibility to prepare the Fund&#8217;s financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (&#8220;GAAP&#8221;) and to </FONT>


<FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">maintain appropriate systems for accounting and internal controls. It is the auditors&#8217; responsibility to express an opinion on the Fund&#8217;s financial statements, to plan and carry out an audit in accordance with the standards of the SEC and the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (&#8220;PCAOB&#8221;) and to report directly to the Committee. It is not the duty of the Committee to plan or conduct audits or to determine that the Fund&#8217;s financial statements are complete and in accordance with GAAP.</FONT></P>

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<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SUP><SUP><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=timesnewromanps>1</FONT></SUP></SUP><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; This document serves as the Charter for the Committee of each U.S. registered investment company (a &#8220;Fund&#8221;) within Franklin Templeton, and each series thereof as applicable, including certain Exchange-listed Funds included on <U>Appendix A</U> hereto.</FONT></P><FONT lang=EN-US></FONT></DIV>

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<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SUP><SUP><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=timesnewromanps>2</FONT></SUP></SUP><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Each member of the Committee may not, other than in his or her capacity as a member of the Committee, the Board, or any other Board committee: (A) accept directly or indirectly any consulting, advisory, or other compensatory fee from the Fund or any subsidiary thereof, provided that, unless the rules of the applicable national securities exchange or national securities association provide otherwise, compensatory fees do not include the receipt of fixed amounts of compensation under a retirement plan (including deferred compensation) for prior service with the Fund (provided that such compensation is not contingent in any way on continued service); or (B) be an &#8220;interested person&#8221; of the Fund as defined in section 2(a)(19) of the Investment Company Act of 1940.</FONT></P><FONT lang=EN-US></FONT></DIV></DIV>

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<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0.5in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">Consistent with such allocation of functions, the purposes of the Committee are:</FONT></P>

<H2 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: 0.5in"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">(a)&nbsp; </FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">To oversee the Fund&#8217;s accounting and financial reporting policies and practices and its internal controls, and to obtain, where it deems appropriate, reports on internal controls of service providers to the Fund;</FONT></H2>

<H2 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: 0.5in"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">(b)&nbsp; </FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">To oversee or, as appropriate, assist Board oversight of the quality, objectivity and integrity of the Fund&#8217;s financial statements and the independent audit thereof;</FONT></H2>

<H2 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: 0.5in"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">(c)&nbsp; </FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">To oversee or, as appropriate, assist Board oversight of the Fund&#8217;s compliance with legal and regulatory requirements (primarily as they relate to the Fund&#8217;s accounting and financial reporting, internal control over financial reporting and independent audits);</FONT></H2>

<H2 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: 0.5in"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">(d)&nbsp; </FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">To approve prior to appointment the engagement of the Fund&#8217;s auditors and, in connection therewith, to review and evaluate the auditors&#8217; qualifications, independence and performance, taking into account the opinions of management;</FONT></H2>

<H2 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: 0.5in"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">(e)&nbsp; </FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">To act as a liaison between the Fund&#8217;s auditors and the Board;</FONT></H2>

<H2 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: 0.5in"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">(f)&nbsp; </FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">to prepare, or authorize the preparation of, the disclosure required by Item 407(d)(3)(i) of Regulation S-K&nbsp; (the &#8220;Audit Committee Report&#8221;) for inclusion in the Fund&#8217;s annual proxy statement (</FONT><I><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">NYSE- and NYSE American-listed Funds only</FONT></I><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">); and</FONT></H2>

<H2 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: 0.5in"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">(g)&nbsp; </FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">To consider such other matters as it deems appropriate in carrying out its purpose and any other matters that may be assigned to it by the Board.</FONT></H2>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0.5in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">In addition, the Committee shall serve as the Fund&#8217;s Qualified Legal Compliance Committee (&#8220;QLCC&#8221;) pursuant to Section 205 of the SEC&#8217;s Standards of Professional Conduct for Attorneys Appearing and Practicing before the Commission in the Representation of an Issuer (the &#8220;Standards&#8221;). In this capacity, the Committee is required to adopt and maintain written procedures for the confidential receipt, retention and consideration of any report of evidence of a material violation. &#8220;Evidence of a material violation&#8221; means credible evidence, based upon which it would be unreasonable, under the circumstances, for a prudent and competent attorney not to conclude that it is reasonably likely that a material violation of an applicable U.S. federal or state securities law, a material breach of fiduciary (or similar) duty to the Fund arising under U.S. federal or state law, or a similar material violation of any U.S. federal or state law has occurred, is ongoing, or is about to occur.</FONT></P>

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<H1 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: avoid; TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in" align=left><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric" color=black face="times new roman">III.</FONT></B><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 7pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric" color=black face="times new roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></B><B><U><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric" color=black face="times new roman">Powers and Duties.</FONT></U></B></H1>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0.5in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">The Committee shall have the following powers and duties to carry out its purposes:</FONT></P>

<H2 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 1in"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">(a)&nbsp; </FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">To select the auditors, subject to approval both by the Board and by a separate vote of the Disinterested Board members, and, in connection therewith, to evaluate the independence and qualifications of the auditors in accordance with applicable federal securities laws and regulations and the rules and standards of the PCAOB.</FONT></H2>

<H2 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 1in"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">(b)&nbsp; </FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">To be directly responsible for approving the services to be provided by, and the compensation of, the auditors, including:</FONT></H2>

<H3 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt 2in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">(i)</FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 7pt; TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">pre-approval of all audit and audit related services;</FONT></H3>

<H3 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt 2in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">(ii)</FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 7pt; TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">pre-approval of all non-audit related services to be provided to the Fund by the auditors;</FONT></H3>

<H3 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt 2in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">(iii)</FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 7pt; TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">pre-approval of all non-audit related services to be provided by the auditors to the Fund&#8217;s investment adviser or to any entity that controls, is controlled by or is under common control with the Fund&#8217;s investment adviser and that provides ongoing services to the Fund where the non-audit services relate directly to the operations or financial reporting of the Fund; and</FONT></H3>

<H3 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt 2in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">(iv)</FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 7pt; TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">if deemed necessary or appropriate, as an alternative to Committee pre-approval of services to be provided by the auditors, as required by paragraphs (ii) and (iii) above:</FONT></H3>

<H4 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt 2in; TEXT-INDENT: 0in" align=left><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric" color=black face="times new roman">(A)&nbsp; </FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric" face="times new roman">establishment by the Committee of policies and procedures to pre-approve such services, provided the policies and procedures are detailed as to the particular service and the Committee is informed of each service and such policies and procedures do not include delegation of audit committee responsibilities, as contemplated under the 1934 Act), to management; or</FONT></H4>

<H4 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt 2in; TEXT-INDENT: 0in" align=left><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric" color=black face="times new roman">(B)&nbsp; </FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric" face="times new roman">delegation by the Committee to one or more designated members of the Committee who are Disinterested Board members of authority to pre-approve such services, provided the Committee is informed of the decisions of any member pursuant to such delegated authority no later than its next scheduled meeting;</FONT></H4>

<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt 2in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">subject, in the case of (ii) through (iv), to any waivers, exceptions or exemptions that may be available under applicable law or rules.</FONT></P>

<H2 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 1in"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">(c)&nbsp; </FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">To meet with the auditors, including private meetings, as necessary to (i) review the arrangements for and scope of the annual audit and any special audits; (ii) discuss any matters or concerns relating to the Fund&#8217;s financial statements, including any recorded and/or unrecorded adjustments to such statements recommended by the auditors, or other results of </FONT></H2>

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<H2 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 1in"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">audits; (iii) consider the auditors&#8217; comments with respect to the Fund&#8217;s financial, accounting and reporting policies, procedures and internal controls and management&#8217;s responses thereto; and (iv) to review the form of opinion the auditors propose to render.</FONT></H2>

<H2 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 1in"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">(d)&nbsp; </FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">To meet to review and discuss the Fund&#8217;s annual audited financial statements with management and the auditors, including reviewing the Fund&#8217;s disclosures under &#8220;Management&#8217;s Discussion of Fund Performance&#8221; (&#8220;MDFP&#8221;) in its annual shareholder report (</FONT><I><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">All Funds</FONT></I><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">). To meet to review and discuss the Fund&#8217;s semi-annual financial statements with management, including reviewing the Fund&#8217;s MDFP disclosures in its semi-annual shareholder report, as applicable (</FONT><I><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">NYSE-listed Funds and New Jersey/Alternative Strategies Funds only</FONT></I><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">). Such meetings may be telephonic.</FONT></H2>

<H2 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 1in"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">(e)&nbsp; </FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">To consider the effect upon the Fund of any changes in accounting principles or practices proposed by management or the auditors.</FONT></H2>

<H2 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 1in"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">(f)&nbsp; </FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">To receive and consider reports from the auditors:</FONT></H2>

<H3 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt 2in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">(i)</FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 7pt; TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">as required by generally accepted accounting standards, including Auditing Standard (&#8220;AS&#8221;) No. 1301 (Communications with Audit Committees);</FONT></H3>

<H3 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt 2in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">(ii)</FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 7pt; TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">annually and by update as required by SEC Regulation S-X, regarding:</FONT></H3>

<H4 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt 2in; TEXT-INDENT: 0in" align=left><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric" color=black face="times new roman">(A)&nbsp; </FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric" face="times new roman">all critical accounting policies and practices of the Fund to be used;</FONT></H4>

<H4 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt 2in; TEXT-INDENT: 0in" align=left><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric" color=black face="times new roman">(B)&nbsp; </FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric" face="times new roman">all alternative treatments within GAAP for policies and practices related to material items that have been discussed with management of the Fund, including ramifications of the use of such alternative disclosures and treatments, and the treatment preferred by the auditors;</FONT></H4>

<H4 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt 2in; TEXT-INDENT: 0in" align=left><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric" color=black face="times new roman">(C)&nbsp; </FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric" face="times new roman">other material written communications between the auditors and management of the Fund, such as any management letter or schedule of unadjusted differences; and</FONT></H4>

<H4 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt 2in; TEXT-INDENT: 0in" align=left><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric" color=black face="times new roman">(D)&nbsp; </FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric" face="times new roman">all non-audit services provided to any entity in an investment company complex, as defined in SEC Regulation S-X, that were not pre-approved by the Committee pursuant to SEC Regulation S-X;</FONT></H4>

<H3 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt 2in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">(iii)</FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 7pt; TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">at least annually regarding the auditors&#8217; internal quality-control procedures; and</FONT></H3>

<H3 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt 2in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">(iv)</FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 7pt; TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">at least annually regarding any material issues raised by the most recent internal quality-control review, or peer review, of the auditors, or by any inquiry or investigation by governmental or </FONT></H3>

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<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>- </FONT><FONT style="DISPLAY: none"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS></FONT></FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>30</FONT><FONT style="DISPLAY: none"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS></FONT></FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS> -</FONT></P>

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<H3 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt 2in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">professional authorities, within the preceding five years, respecting one or more independent audits carried out by the auditors, and any steps taken to deal with any such issues.</FONT></H3>

<H2 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 1in"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">(g)&nbsp; </FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">To review (i) major issues regarding accounting principles and financial statement presentations, including any significant changes in the Fund&#8217;s selection or application of accounting principles, and major issues as to the adequacy of the Fund&#8217;s internal controls and any special audit steps adopted in light of material control deficiencies; and (ii) analyses prepared by management and/or the auditors setting forth significant financial reporting issues and judgments made in connection with the preparation of the financial statements, including analyses of the effects of alternative GAAP methods on the financial statements.</FONT></H2>

<H2 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 1in"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">(h)&nbsp; </FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">In considering the independence of the auditors:</FONT></H2>

<H3 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt 2in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">(i)</FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 7pt; TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">at least annually to receive from the auditors a formal written statement, and other reports as necessary, describing all relationships between the auditors and the Fund, the Fund&#8217;s investment adviser and service providers, and other entities advised or serviced by, including any entities controlling, controlled by or under common control with, the investment adviser or any other service providers to the Fund that, in the auditors&#8217; judgment, could be thought to bear upon the auditors&#8217; independence;</FONT></H3>

<H3 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt 2in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">(ii)</FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 7pt; TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">to receive and consider, if applicable, periodic reports from the auditors regarding whether the provision of non-audit services (including tax services) is compatible with maintaining the auditors&#8217; independence;</FONT></H3>

<H3 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt 2in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">(iii)</FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 7pt; TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">to request from the auditors a written affirmation that they are independent auditors under the federal securities laws and standards adopted by the PCAOB; and</FONT></H3>

<H3 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt 2in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">(iv)</FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 7pt; TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">to discuss with the auditors any disclosed relationships or services that may impact the objectivity, impartial judgment, and independence of the auditors and for taking, or recommending that the Board take, appropriate action to oversee the independence of the auditors.</FONT></H3>

<H2 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 1in"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">(i)&nbsp; </FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">To require that the auditors regularly provide timely information to the Committee with respect to new rules and pronouncements by applicable regulatory and accounting standards agencies, along with an explanation of how such developments may affect the Fund&#8217;s financial statements and accounting principles and practices.</FONT></H2>

<H2 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 1in"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">(j)&nbsp; </FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">To review the effect of regulatory and accounting initiatives, as well as off-balance sheet structures, on the financial statements of the Fund.</FONT></H2>

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<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>- </FONT><FONT style="DISPLAY: none"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS></FONT></FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS>31</FONT><FONT style="DISPLAY: none"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS></FONT></FONT><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face=TimesNewRomanPS> -</FONT></P>

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<H2 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 1in"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">(k)&nbsp; </FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">To consider any reports of audit problems or difficulties that may have arisen during the course of the audit, including any limitations of the scope of the audit, and management&#8217;s response thereto.</FONT></H2>

<H2 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 1in"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">(l)&nbsp; </FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">To review communications from the Fund&#8217;s Chief Executive Officer &#8211; Finance and Administration, and Chief Financial Officer and Chief Accounting Officer concerning (i) all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal controls over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the Fund&#8217;s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and (ii) any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the Fund&#8217;s internal controls over financial reporting, and to review requested communications from management for any other purposes the Committee deems appropriate.</FONT></H2>

<H2 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 1in"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">(m)&nbsp; </FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">In connection with the preparation of the Audit Committee Report (</FONT><I><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">NYSE and NYSE American-listed Funds only</FONT></I><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">):</FONT></H2>

<H3 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt 2in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">(i)</FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 7pt; TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">to review and discuss the audited financial statements of the Fund with management;</FONT></H3>

<H3 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt 2in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">(ii)</FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 7pt; TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">to discuss with the auditors the matters required to be discussed by the statement on AS No. 1301, as amended;</FONT></H3>

<H3 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt 2in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">(iii)</FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 7pt; TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">to receive the written disclosures and the letter(s) from the auditors required by applicable requirements of the PCAOB regarding the auditor&#8217;s communications with the Committee concerning independence (referred to in paragraph (h) above), and discuss with the auditors the auditor&#8217;s independence; and</FONT></H3>

<H3 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt 2in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">(iv)</FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 7pt; TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">based on the review and discussions referred to in paragraphs (i) through (iii) above, to recommend to the Board that the audited financial statements be included in the Fund&#8217;s annual report on Form N-CSR for the last fiscal year for filing with the SEC.</FONT></H3>

<H2 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 1in"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">(n)&nbsp; </FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">To review and discuss, as appropriate, the Fund&#8217;s earnings press releases (including the type and presentation of information to be included therein, paying particular attention to any use of &#8220;pro forma,&#8221; or &#8220;adjusted&#8221; non-GAAP, information), as well as any financial information and earnings guidance provided to analysts and rating agencies. (</FONT><I><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">NYSE-listed Funds only</FONT></I><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">)</FONT></H2>

<H2 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 1in"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">(o)&nbsp; </FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">To review and discuss the Fund&#8217;s processes with respect to risk assessment and risk management.</FONT></H2>

<H2 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 1in"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">(p)&nbsp; </FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">To set clear policies relating to the hiring by entities within Franklin Templeton of employees or former employees of the auditors</FONT><I><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">.</FONT></I></H2>

<H2 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 1in"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">(q)&nbsp; </FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">To evaluate, as either part of the full Board or as a Committee, its performance at least annually.</FONT></H2>

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<H2 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 1in"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">(r)&nbsp; </FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">To review potential conflict of interest situations where appropriate in connection with the Fund&#8217;s ongoing review of all related party transactions.</FONT></H2>

<H2 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 1in"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">(s)&nbsp; </FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">To inform the chief legal officer (&#8220;CLO&#8221;) and chief executive officer (&#8220;CEO&#8221;) of the Fund (or the equivalents thereof) of any report of evidence of a material violation by the Fund, its officers, directors/trustees, employees (if any), or agents (collectively, &#8220;affiliates&#8221;). In connection therewith, the Committee shall:</FONT></H2>

<H3 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt 2in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">(i)</FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 7pt; TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">determine whether an investigation is necessary regarding any report of evidence of a material violation by the Fund or its affiliates;</FONT></H3>

<H3 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt 2in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">(ii)</FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 7pt; TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">if the Committee determines such an investigation is necessary or appropriate, (A) notify the Board; (B) initiate an investigation, which may be conducted by either the CLO or by outside attorneys; and (C) retain such additional expert personnel as the Committee deems necessary to assist in the investigation;</FONT></H3>

<H3 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt 2in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">(iii)</FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 7pt; TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">at the conclusion of any such investigation, (A) recommend by a majority vote, that the Fund implement an appropriate response (as defined in Section 205.2(b) of the Standards) to evidence of a material violation, and (B) inform the CLO and the CEO and the Board of the results of such investigation and the appropriate remedial measures to be adopted;</FONT></H3>

<H3 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt 2in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">(iv)</FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 7pt; TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">acting by majority vote, take all other appropriate action, including the authority to notify the SEC in the event the Fund fails in any material respect to implement an appropriate response that the Committee has recommended the Fund to take; and</FONT></H3>

<H3 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt 2in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">(v)</FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 7pt; TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; TEXT-DECORATION: none; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">otherwise respond to evidence of a material violation.</FONT></H3>

<H1 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in" align=left><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric" color=black face="times new roman">IV.</FONT></B><B><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 7pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric" color=black face="times new roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></B><B><U><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt; TEXT-AUTOSPACE: ideograph-numeric" color=black face="times new roman">Other Functions and Procedures of the Committee.</FONT></U></B></H1>

<H2 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 1in"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">(a)&nbsp; </FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">The Committee shall meet at least twice each year or more frequently, in open or executive sessions, as may be necessary to fulfill its responsibilities. The Committee shall meet as frequently as circumstances require with (i) the auditors as provided in III(c), above; and (ii) management&#8217;s internal audit department to review and discuss internal audit functions and reports. The Committee may invite members of management, the auditors, counsel, advisers and others to attend its meetings as it deems appropriate. The Committee shall meet separately, periodically, with management and with the auditors.</FONT></H2>

<H2 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 1in"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">(b)&nbsp; </FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">The Committee shall establish procedures for (i) the receipt, retention and treatment of complaints received by the Fund or the Fund&#8217;s adviser regarding accounting, internal accounting controls, or accounting matters relating to the Fund; and (ii) the confidential, anonymous submission by employees of the Fund or Franklin Resources, Inc. and its subsidiaries of concerns regarding questionable accounting or auditing matters.</FONT></H2>

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<H2 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 1in"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">(c)&nbsp; </FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">The Committee shall have the authority to engage special or independent counsel, experts and other advisers as and when it determines necessary to carry out its duties.</FONT></H2>

<H2 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 1in"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">(d)&nbsp; </FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">The Fund must provide for appropriate funding, as determined by the Committee in its capacity as a Committee of the Board, for payment of (i) compensation to any auditors engaged for the purpose of preparing or issuing an audit report or performing other audit, review or attest services for the Fund; (ii) compensation to any advisers employed by the Committee (under paragraph (c) above); and (iii) ordinary administrative expenses of the Committee that are necessary or appropriate in carrying out its duties.</FONT></H2>

<H2 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 1in"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">(e)&nbsp; </FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">The Committee shall have unrestricted access to the Fund&#8217;s management and management of the Fund&#8217;s adviser, including, but not limited to, their chief executive officer(s), chief financial officer(s), internal auditors and any other executives and financial officers.</FONT></H2>

<H2 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 1in"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">(f)&nbsp; </FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">The Committee shall report its activities to the Board, including any issues that arise with respect to the quality or integrity of the Fund&#8217;s financial statements, the Fund&#8217;s compliance with legal or regulatory requirements, or the qualifications, performance and independence of the Fund&#8217;s auditors, and make such recommendations as the Committee may deem necessary or appropriate.</FONT></H2>

<H2 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 1in"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">(g)&nbsp; </FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">The Committee shall review and assess the adequacy of this Charter annually, or more frequently if it chooses, and recommend any changes to the Board. The Board shall adopt and approve this Charter and may amend it on its own motion.</FONT></H2>

<H2 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 1in"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">(h)&nbsp; </FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">The Committee shall meet jointly with the Audit Committees of the other Funds within the Franklin Templeton Fund complex as may be appropriate, including to attend presentations and review proposals and other matters of common concern to all such Audit Committees.</FONT></H2>

<H2 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 1in"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">(i)&nbsp; </FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">Pursuant to delegated authority from the Board, and at the request of the applicable investment manager of the Fund (the &#8220;Investment Manager&#8221;), the Committee, or an appointed delegate of the Committee as applicable, shall provide proxy voting instructions as a representative of the Fund to the Investment Manager in certain situations where the Investment Manager has identified a material conflict of interest between the Investment Manager or one of its affiliates and an issuer (</FONT><I><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">i.e.</FONT></I><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">, the Committee or its appointed delegate will approve or disapprove the Investment Manager&#8217;s voting recommendation).</FONT></H2>

<H2 style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 1in"><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" color=black face="times new roman">(j)&nbsp; </FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">To the extent applicable to the Fund, the Committee shall comply with such other rules of the applicable national securities exchanges and the SEC applicable to exchange-listed funds, as such may be adopted and amended from time to time. (</FONT><I><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">Exchange-listed Funds only</FONT></I><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-WEIGHT: normal" face="times new roman">)</FONT></H2></DIV>

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<P style="PAGE-BREAK-AFTER: auto; TEXT-ALIGN: right; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt" align=right><B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">Appendix A</FONT></B></P>

<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; MARGIN: 0in 0in 24pt" align=right><I><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">Amended as of October 1, 2019</FONT></I></P>

<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt"><B><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; TEXT-TRANSFORM: uppercase" face="Times New Roman">EXCHANGE-LISTED FUNDS</FONT></B></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt"><U><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">Funds listed on New York Stock Exchange LLC (&#8220;</FONT></U><I><U><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">NYSE-listed Funds</FONT></U></I><U><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">&#8221;)</FONT></U></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">Franklin Universal Trust</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">Templeton Dragon Fund, Inc.</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">Templeton Emerging Markets Fund</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">Templeton Emerging Markets Income Fund</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">Templeton Global Income Fund</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt"><U><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">Fund listed on NYSE American LLC (&#8220;</FONT></U><I><U><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">NYSE American-listed Fund</FONT></U></I><U><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">&#8221;)</FONT></U></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">Franklin Limited Duration Income Trust</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt"><U><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman">Funds listed on NYSE Arca, Inc.</FONT></U></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">Franklin ETF Trust</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0in 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="times new roman">Franklin Liberty Short Duration U.S. Government ETF</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">Franklin Templeton ETF Trust</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0in 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="times new roman">Franklin FTSE Asia ex Japan ETF</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0in 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="times new roman">Franklin FTSE Australia ETF</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0in 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="times new roman">Franklin FTSE Brazil ETF</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0in 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="times new roman">Franklin FTSE Canada ETF</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0in 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="times new roman">Franklin FTSE China ETF</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0in 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="times new roman">Franklin FTSE Europe ETF</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0in 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="times new roman">Franklin FTSE Europe Hedged ETF</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0in 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="times new roman">Franklin FTSE France ETF</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0in 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="times new roman">Franklin FTSE Germany ETF</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0in 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="times new roman">Franklin FTSE Hong Kong ETF</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0in 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="times new roman">Franklin FTSE India ETF</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0in 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="times new roman">Franklin FTSE Italy ETF</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0in 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="times new roman">Franklin FTSE Japan ETF</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0in 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="times new roman">Franklin FTSE Japan Hedged ETF</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0in 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="times new roman">Franklin FTSE Latin America ETF</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0in 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="times new roman">Franklin FTSE Mexico ETF</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0in 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="times new roman">Franklin FTSE Russia ETF</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0in 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="times new roman">Franklin FTSE Saudi Arabia ETF</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0in 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="times new roman">Franklin FTSE South Africa ETF</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0in 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="times new roman">Franklin FTSE South Korea ETF</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0in 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="times new roman">Franklin FTSE Switzerland ETF</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0in 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="times new roman">Franklin FTSE Taiwan ETF</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0in 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="times new roman">Franklin FTSE United Kingdom ETF</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0in 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="times new roman">Franklin Liberty Intermediate Municipal Opportunities ETF</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0in 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="times new roman">Franklin Liberty International Opportunities ETF</FONT></P>

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<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0in 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="times new roman">Franklin Liberty Investment Grade Corporate ETF</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0in 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="times new roman">Franklin Liberty Municipal Bond ETF</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0in 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="times new roman">Franklin Liberty Systematic Premia ETF</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0in 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="times new roman">Franklin Liberty U.S. Core Bond ETF</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0in 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="times new roman">Franklin Liberty U.S. Low Volatility ETF</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0in 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="times new roman">Franklin LibertyQ Emerging Markets ETF</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0in 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="times new roman">Franklin LibertyQ Global Dividend ETF</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0in 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="times new roman">Franklin LibertyQ Global Equity ETF</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0in 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="times new roman">Franklin LibertyQ International Equity Hedged ETF</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="times new roman"></FONT>&nbsp;</P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><U><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="times new roman">Funds listed on Cboe BZX Exchange, Inc.</FONT></U></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LETTER-SPACING: 0.5pt" color=black face="times new roman">Franklin Templeton ETF Trust</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0in 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="times new roman">Franklin Liberty High Yield Corporate ETF</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0in 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="times new roman">Franklin Liberty International Aggregate Bond ETF</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0in 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="times new roman">Franklin Liberty Senior Loan ETF</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0in 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="times new roman">Franklin LibertyQ U.S. Equity ETF</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0in 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="times new roman">Franklin LibertyQ U.S. Mid Cap Equity ETF</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0in 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="times new roman">Franklin LibertyQ U.S. Small Cap Equity ETF</FONT></P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0in 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="times new roman"></FONT>&nbsp;</P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.5in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="times new roman"></FONT>&nbsp;</P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman"></FONT>&nbsp;</P>

<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 12pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0in"><FONT lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt" face="Times New Roman"></FONT>&nbsp;</P>

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<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: left"><B><FONT size=5 face=Calibri-Bold,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif>FRANKLIN UNIVERSAL TRUST</FONT></B><BR><BR><FONT size=4 face=Calibri,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif>PROXY FOR ANNUAL MEETING OF SHAREHOLDERS TO BE HELD ON MARCH 12, 2020</FONT><BR><BR><FONT size=2 face=Calibri,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif>THIS PROXY IS BEING SOLICITED BY THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF THE FUND. The undersigned hereby revokes all previous proxies</FONT><BR><FONT size=2 face=Calibri,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif>for his or </FONT><FONT size=2 face=Calibri,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif>her shares of Franklin Universal Trust (the &#8220;Fund&#8221;) and appoints Craig S. Tyle, Lori A. Weber, Steven J. Gray and Navid J.</FONT><BR><FONT size=2 face=Calibri,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif>Tofigh, and each of them, proxies of the undersigned with full power of substitution to vote all shares of the Fund that the</FONT><BR><FONT size=2 face=Calibri,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif>undersi</FONT><FONT size=2 face=Calibri,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif>gned is entitled to vote at the Fund&#8217;s Annual Shareholders&#8217; Meeting (the &#8220;Meeting&#8221;) to be held at One Franklin Parkway,</FONT><BR><FONT size=2 face=Calibri,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif>San Mateo, CA 94403-1906 at 1:00 p.m., Pacific time, on March 12, 2020, including any postponements or adjournments</FONT><BR><FONT size=2 face=Calibri,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif>thereof, upon the matters set forth on the reverse side, and instructs them to vote upon any other matters that may properly be</FONT><BR><FONT size=2 face=Calibri,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif>acted upon at the Meeting.</FONT><BR><BR><FONT size=2 face=Calibri,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif>Please refer to the Proxy Statement for a discussion of the Proposal.</FONT><BR><BR><B><FONT size=2 face=Calibri-Bold,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif>PLEASE VOTE, DATE AND SIGN ON THE REVERSE SIDE HEREOF AND RETURN THE SIGNED PROXY PROMPTLY IN THE ENCLOSED ENVELOPE.</FONT></B><BR><BR><B><FONT size=2 face=Calibri-Bold,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif>Do you have questions? </FONT></B><FONT size=2 face=Calibri,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif>If you have any questions about how to vote your proxy or about the meeting in general, please call</FONT><BR><FONT size=2 face=Calibri,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif>toll-free </FONT><B><FONT size=2 face=Calibri-Bold,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif>(800) 829-6551</FONT></B><FONT size=2 face=Calibri,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif>. Representatives are available to assist you Monday through Friday 9 a.m. to 10 p.m. Eastern time.</FONT></P>

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<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: left"></P><B><U><FONT size=2 face=Calibri-Bold,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif>IMPORTANT NOTICE REGARDING THE AVAILABILITY OF PROXY MATERIALS FOR THE ANNUAL MEETING OF SHAREHOLDERS TO</FONT></U></B><BR><BR><B><FONT size=2 face=Calibri-Bold,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U> BE HELD ON MARCH 12, 2020:</U></FONT></B><BR><BR><FONT size=2 face=Calibri,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif>The proxy statement for this Meeting is available on the Internet at:</FONT><BR><BR><U><FONT size=2 face=Calibri,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif>https://vote.proxyonline.com/franklintempleton/docs/fut2020.pdf</FONT></U>

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<B><FONT size=2 face="Calibri-Bold,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif">You can vote on the internet, by telephone or by mail. Please see the reverse side for instructions.</FONT></B><BR>
<BR>
<B><FONT size=2 face="Calibri-Bold,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif">PLEASE VOTE ALL YOUR BALLOTS IF YOU RECEIVED MORE THAN ONE BALLOT DUE TO MULTIPLE INVESTMENTS IN THE FUND. REMEMBER</FONT></B><BR>
<B><FONT size=2 face="Calibri-Bold,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif">TO SIGN AND DATE ABOVE BEFORE MAILING IN YOUR VOTE. THIS PROXY CARD IS VALID ONLY WHEN SIGNED AND DATED.</FONT></B><BR>
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<B><FONT size=5 face="Calibri-Bold,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif">THANK YOU FOR VOTING</FONT></B></P>


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MB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH ****
; "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** /_9

end
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
</SEC-DOCUMENT>
