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Note 10 - Income Taxes | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2012
Income Tax Disclosure [Text Block] | 10. Income taxes: The provision for income taxes differs from the amount computed by applying the statutory federal income tax rate of 34% to income before provision for income taxes as a result of the following:
|  | Year ended December 31, 2012 |  |  | Year ended December 31, 2011 |  |  | Year ended December 31, 2010 |
Income for the year before provision for income taxes |  | $ | 6,428,298 |  |  | $ | 3,450,610 |  |  | $ | 2,327,793 |
Computed expected tax expense |  | $ | 2,185,621 |  |  | $ | 1,173,207 |  |  | $ | 791,450 |
Increase (reduction) in income tax expense resulting from: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
State income taxes |  |  | 16,071 |  |  |  | 8,627 |  |  |  | 5,819 |
Permanent differences, including foreign exchange |  |  | 21,728 |  |  |  | 13,700 |  |  |  | (22,812 | )
Investment tax credits recovered |  |  | (106,941 | ) |  |  | (41,833 | ) |  |  | (50,311 | )
Other, including alternative minimum tax and adjustments to opening deferred tax assets |  |  | (112,323 | ) |  |  | (218,252 | ) |  |  | 82,928 |
Change in beginning of the year balance of the valuation allowance allocated to income tax expense |  |  | — |  |  |  | (3,655,070 | ) |  |  | (596,229 | )
Provision for (recovery of) income taxes |  | $ | 2,004,156 |  |  | $ | (2,719,621 | ) |  | $ | 210,845 |
The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of the deferred tax assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2012 and 2011 are presented below:
|  | December 31, 2012 |  |  | December 31, 2011 |
Deferred tax assets: |  |  |  |  |  |
Deferred revenue |  | $ | 5,429,220 |  |  | $ | 5,648,563 |
Amortization |  |  | 541,242 |  |  |  | 1,231,814 |
Total gross deferred tax assets |  |  | 5,970,462 |  |  |  | 6,880,377 |
Less valuation allowance |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Net deferred tax assets |  | $ | 5,970,462 |  |  | $ | 6,880,377 |
Deferred income tax asset, current portion |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Deferred income tax asset, long-term portion |  |  | 5,970,462 |  |  |  | 6,880,377 |
|  | $ | 5,970,462 |  |  | $ | 6,880,377 |
Deferred tax liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Reserves and other |  | $ | (914,429 | ) |  | $ | (880,008 | )
Limited life intangible assets |  |  | (394,100 | ) |  |  | (505,700 | )
Indefinite life intangible assets |  |  | (4,840,000 | ) |  |  | (4,840,000 | )
Total deferred tax liabilities |  |  | (6,148,529 | ) |  |  | (6,225,708 | )
Less deferred tax liability, current portion |  |  | (914,429 | ) |  |  | (880,008 | )
Deferred tax liability, long-term portion |  | $ | (5,234,100 | ) |  | $ | (5,345,700 | )
In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the years in which those temporary differences become deductible. Management considers projected future taxable income, uncertainties related to the industry in which the Company operates, and tax planning strategies in making this assessment. During the fourth quarter of 2011 management released its remaining valuation allowance of $3.6 million. At December 31, 2012 Tucows’ unrecognized tax benefits amounted to $0.4 million, which if recognized would favorably affect the income tax rate in future periods. The unrecognized tax benefit relates primarily to prior year Pennsylvania state franchise taxes and other insignificant US state taxes, unrecognized tax benefits for potential 2012 research and development tax credits as well as prior year German income tax. We will record the tax benefit of the 2012 research and development claim once we have reasonable assurance that it is more likely than not that all or a portion of the benefit arising from the claim will be realized. The Company recognizes accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in tax expense. The Company did not have any significant interest and penalties accrued as of January 1, 2011 and December 31, 2012. Tucows believes that it is reasonably possible that $0.4 million of the unrecognized tax benefit will decrease in the next twelve months as it is anticipated that the foreign tax authorities will finalize their review of prior years’ taxes owing in Pennsylvania and Germany respectively and that the 2012 ITC claim will be filed and assessed within that period. The following is a reconciliation of Tucows’ change in uncertain tax position under ASC 740, “Income Taxes”:
|  | Total Gross Unrecognized Tax Benefits |
Balance as at December 31, 2011 |  | $ | 167,000 |
Increase in uncertain tax benefits for the current year |  |  | 100,000 |
Increase in uncertain tax benefits for the prior year |  |  | 165,000 |
Decrease in uncertain tax benefits of prior years |  |  | (50,000 | )
Balance as at December 31, 2012 |  | $ | 382,000 |

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- Definition The entire disclosure for income taxes. Disclosures may include net deferred tax liability or asset recognized in an enterprise's statement of financial position, net change during the year in the total valuation allowance, approximate tax effect of each type of temporary difference and carryforward that gives rise to a significant portion of deferred tax liabilities and deferred tax assets, utilization of a tax carryback, and tax uncertainties information. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS) -Number 109 -Paragraph 136, 172 -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009. This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy. Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 235 -SubTopic 10 -Section S99 -Paragraph 1 -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(h)) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6881521&loc=d3e23780-122690 Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher SEC -Name Regulation S-X (SX) -Number 210 -Section 08 -Paragraph h -Article 4 Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 740 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 15 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6907707&loc=d3e32718-109319 Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS) -Number 109 -Paragraph 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49 -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009. This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy. Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 740 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6907707&loc=d3e32537-109319 Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 740 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 9 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6907707&loc=d3e32639-109319 Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 740 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 3 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6907707&loc=d3e32559-109319 + Details
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