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Note 10 - Revenue | 3 Months Ended
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Mar. 31, 2019
Notes to Financial Statements |
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Text Block] | 10. Revenue Nature of goods and services The following is a description of principal activities – separated by reportable segments – from which the Company generates its revenue. For more detailed information about reportable segments. See Note 13 – Segment reporting for more information.
| (a) | Network Access Services
The Company generates Network Access Services revenues primarily through the provisioning of mobile services (“Ting Mobile”). Other sources of revenue include the provisioning of fixed high-speed Internet access (“Ting Internet”) as well as billing solutions to Internet Service Providers (“ISPs”). Ting wireless usage contracts grant customers access to standard talk, text and data mobile services. Ting mobile contracts are billed based on the actual amount of monthly services utilized by each customer during their billing cycle and charged to customers on a postpaid basis. Voice minutes, text messages and megabytes of data are each billed separately based on a tiered pricing program. The Company recognizes revenue for Ting mobile usage based on the actual amount of monthly services utilized by each customer. Ting Internet contracts provide customers Internet access at their home or business through the installation and use of our fiber optic network. Ting Internet contracts are generally prepaid and grant customers with unlimited bandwidth based on a fixed price per month basis. Because consideration is collected before the service period, revenue is initially deferred and recognized as the Company performs its obligation to provide Internet access. Though the Company does not consider the installation of fixed Internet access to be a distinct performance obligation, the fees related to installation are immaterial and therefore revenue is recognized as billed. Both Ting Mobile and Ting Internet access services are primarily contracted through the Ting website, for one month at a time and contain no commitment to renew the contract following each customer’s monthly billing cycle. The Company’s billing cycle for all Ting Mobile and Ting Internet customers is computed based on the customer’s activation date. In order to recognize revenue as the Company satisfies its obligations, we compute the amount of revenues earned but not billed from the end of each billing cycle to the end of each reporting period. In addition, revenues associated with the sale of wireless devices and accessories and Internet hardware to subscribers are recognized when title and risk of loss is transferred to the subscriber and shipment has occurred. Incentive marketing credits given to customers are recorded as a reduction of revenue. Our Roam Mobility brand also offers standard talk, text and data mobile services. Roam Mobility customers prepay for their usage through the Roam Mobility website. When prepayments are received the amount is deferred, and subsequently recognized as the Company satisfies its obligation to provide mobile services. In addition, revenues associated with the sale of SIM cards are recognized when title and risk of loss is transferred to the subscriber and shipment has occurred. Incentive marketing credits given to customers are recorded as a reduction of revenue. In those cases, where payment is not received at the time of sale, revenue is not recognized at contract inception unless the collection of the related accounts receivable is reasonably assured. The Company records costs that reflect expected refunds, rebates and credit card charge-backs as a reduction of revenues at the time of the sale based on historical experiences and current expectations.
| (b) | Domain Services
Domain registration contracts, which can be purchased for terms of one to ten years, provide our resellers and retail registrant customers with the exclusive right to a personalized internet address from which to build an online presence. The Company enters into domain registration contracts in connection with each new, renewed and transferred-in domain registration. At the inception of the contract, the Company charges and collects the registration fee for the entire registration period. Though fees are collected upfront, revenue from domain registrations are recognized ratably over the registration period as domain registration contracts contain a ‘right to access’ license of IP, which is a distinct performance obligation measured over time. The registration period begins once the Company has confirmed that the requested domain name has been appropriately recorded in the registry under contractual performance standards. Domain related value-added services like digital certifications, WHOIS privacy and hosted email provide our resellers and retail registrant customers tools and additional functionality to be used in conjunction with domain registrations. All domain related value-added services are considered distinct performance obligations which transfer the promised service to the customer over the contracted term. Fees charged to customers for domain related value-added services are collected at the inception of the contract, and revenue is recognized on a straight-line basis over the contracted term, consistent with the satisfaction of the performance obligations. The Company is an ICANN accredited registrar. Thus, the Company is the primary obligor with our reseller and retail registrant customers and is responsible for the fulfillment of our registrar services to those parties. As a result, the Company reports revenue in the amount of the fees we receive directly from our reseller and retail registrant customers. Our reseller customers maintain the primary obligor relationship with their retail customers, establish pricing and retain credit risk to those customers. Accordingly, the Company does not recognize any revenue related to transactions between our reseller customers and their ultimate retail customers. The Company also sells the rights to the Company’s portfolio domains or names acquired through the Company’s domain expiry stream. Revenue generated from sale of domain name contracts, containing a distinct performance obligation to transfer the domain name rights under the Company’s control, is generally recognized once the rights have been transferred and payment has been received in full. Advertising revenue is derived through domain parking monetization, whereby the Company contracts with third -party Internet advertising publishers to direct web traffic from the Company’s domain expiry stream domains and Internet portfolio domains to advertising websites. Compensation from Internet advertising publishers is calculated variably on a cost-per-action basis based on the number of advertising links that have been visited in a given month. Given that the variable consideration is calculated and paid on a monthly basis, no estimation of variable consideration is required. Disaggregation of Revenue The following is a summary of the Company’s revenue earned from each significant revenue stream (Dollar amounts in thousands of U.S. dollars):
|  | Three months ended March 31, |
|  | 2019 |  |  | 2018 (1) |
Network Access Services: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Mobile Services |  | $ | 20,809 |  |  | $ | 21,872 |
Other Services |  |  | 2,443 |  |  |  | 1,736 |
Total Network Access Services |  |  | 23,252 |  |  |  | 23,608 |
Domain Services |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Wholesale |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Domain Services |  |  | 42,591 |  |  |  | 58,428 |
Value Added Services |  |  | 4,184 |  |  |  | 4,434 |
Total Wholesale |  |  | 46,775 |  |  |  | 62,862 |
Retail |  |  | 8,642 |  |  |  | 8,436 |
Portfolio |  |  | 284 |  |  |  | 889 |
Total Domain Services |  |  | 55,701 |  |  |  | 72,187 |
|  | $ | 78,953 |  |  | $ | 95,795 |
1 As a result of the bulk transfer of 2.65 million domain names to Namecheap on January 5th, 2018, recognized revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2018 includes $14.6 million related to previously deferred revenue for these names. During the three months ended March 31, 2019, no customer accounted for more than 10% of total revenue. During the three months ended March 31, 2018, one customer accounted for 18% of revenue. As at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, no customer accounted for more than 10% of accounts receivable. The following is a summary of the Company’s cost of revenue from each significant revenue stream (Dollar amounts in thousands of U.S. dollars):
|  | Three months ended March 31, |
|  | 2019 |  |  | 2018 (1) |
Network Access Services: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Mobile Services |  | $ | 10,743 |  |  | $ | 11,266 |
Other Services |  |  | 1,069 |  |  |  | 941 |
Total Network Access Services |  |  | 11,812 |  |  |  | 12,207 |
Domain Services |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Wholesale |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Domain Services |  |  | 34,839 |  |  |  | 51,314 |
Value Added Services |  |  | 794 |  |  |  | 857 |
Total Wholesale |  |  | 35,633 |  |  |  | 52,171 |
Retail |  |  | 4,359 |  |  |  | 4,409 |
Portfolio |  |  | 128 |  |  |  | 185 |
Total Domain Services |  |  | 40,120 |  |  |  | 56,765 |
Network Expenses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Network, other costs |  |  | 2,395 |  |  |  | 2,574 |
Network, depreciation and amortization costs |  |  | 1,975 |  |  |  | 1,630 |
|  |  | 4,370 |  |  |  | 4,204 |
|  | $ | 56,302 |  |  | $ | 73,176 |
1 As a result of the bulk transfer of 2.65 million domain names to Namecheap on January 5th, 2018, recognized cost of sales for the three months ended March 31, 2018 includes $14.5 million related to prepaid costs for these names. Contract Balances The following table provides information about contract liabilities (deferred revenue) from contracts with customers. The Company accounts for contract assets and liabilities on a contract-by-contract basis, with each contract presented as either a net contract asset or a net contract liability accordingly. Given that Company’s long-term contracts with customers are billed in advance of service, the Company’s contract liabilities relate to amounts recorded as deferred revenues. The Company does not have material streams of contracted revenue that have not been billed. Deferred revenue primarily relates to the portion of the transaction price received in advance related to the unexpired term of domain name registrations and other domain related value-added services, on both a wholesale and retail basis, net of external commissions. The opening balance of deferred revenue was $143.7 million as of January 1, 2019. Significant changes in deferred revenue were as follows (Dollar amounts in thousands of U.S. dollars): Deferred Revenue
|  | Three months ended March 31, 2019 |
Balance, beginning of period |  | $ | 143,694 |
Acquired in a business combination 1 |  |  | 12,456 |
Deferred revenue |  |  | 59,991 |
Recognized revenue 2 |  |  | (56,722 | )
Balance, end of period |  | $ | 159,419 |
1 The Company acquired Ascio on March 18, 2019. As part of the transition, the Company acquired active domain name contracts for terms ranging from 1 - 10 years, for which the registration fees have already been collected from customers. As required by ASC 805, Business Combinations, the Company has recorded deferred revenue at fair value at the acquisition date, which was determined by estimating the costs associated with customer support services and prepaid domain name registration fees to fulfill the contractual obligations over the remaining life of the contract at the acquisition date plus a normal profit margin.
Remaining Performance Obligations: For mobile and internet access services, where the performance obligation is part of contracts that have an original expected duration of one year or less (typically one month), the Company has elected to apply a practical expedient to not disclose revenues expected to be recognized in the future related performance obligations that are unsatisfied (or partially unsatisfied) (Dollar amounts in thousands of US dollars). Although domain registration contracts are deferred over the lives of the individual contracts, which can range from one to ten years, approximately 80 percent of our deferred revenue balance related to domain contracts is expected to be recognized within the next twelve months. Deferred revenue related to Roam Mobility and Exact hosting contracts are also deferred over the lives of the individual contracts, which are expected to be fully recognized within the next twelve months.

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- Definition The entire disclosure of revenue from contract with customer to transfer good or service and to transfer nonfinancial asset. Includes, but is not limited to, disaggregation of revenue, credit loss recognized from contract with customer, judgment and change in judgment related to contract with customer, and asset recognized from cost incurred to obtain or fulfill contract with customer. Excludes insurance and lease contracts. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 606 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=49130388 + Details
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