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Note 21 - Segment Reporting - Information by Reportable Segments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | 12 Months Ended
--- | ---
Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021
External revenues | $ 339,337 | $ 321,142 | $ 304,337
Intersegment revenues | 0 | 0 | 0
Total net revenues | 339,337 | 321,142 | 304,337
Direct cost of revenues | 202,256 | 196,268 | 193,039
Segment gross margin | 137,081 | 124,874 | 111,298
Network, other costs | 28,222 | 17,433 | 14,769
Network, depreciation of property and equipment | 35,864 | 27,589 | 17,452
Network, amortization of intangible assets | 1,506 | 1,512 | 583
Network, impairment of property and equipment | 4,822 | 92 | 201
Gross profit | 66,667 | 78,248 | 78,293
Sales and marketing | 67,806 | 53,937 | 39,471
Technical operations and development | 19,217 | 14,187 | 14,310
General and administrative | 33,406 | 30,845 | 22,370
Depreciation of property and equipment | 567 | 598 | 534
Amortization of intangible assets | 9,323 | 9,882 | 9,424
Loss (gain) on currency forward contracts | (0) | (0) | 277
Total expenses | 130,319 | 109,910 | 86,066
Income from operations | (63,652) | (31,662) | (7,773)
Interest expense | (46,256) | (14,588) | (4,617)
Investment Income, Interest | 4,485 | 132 | 0
Loss on debt extinguishment | (14,680) | 0 | 0
Income earned on sale of transferred assets, net | 17,033 |  |
Total other income (expenses) | (39,418) | 3,874 | 15,043
Income before provision for income taxes | (103,070) | (27,788) | 7,270
Adjusted EBITDA | 15,451 | 37,590 | 48,821
Loss (gain) on disposition of property and equipment | 0 | 461 | 234
Gain on sale of Ting customer assets, net |  | 18,507 | 20,030
Other expense, net |  | (177) | (370)
Total net revenues | 339,337 | 321,142 | 304,337
Impairment of definite life intangible assets |  |  | 0
Gain on currency forward contracts (note 7) | 0 | 0 | (277)
Interest expense, net | (41,771) | (14,456) | (4,617)
Ting [Member] |  |  |
External revenues | 50,937 | 42,425 | 25,327
Intersegment revenues | 0 | 0 | 0
Total net revenues | 50,937 | 42,425 | 25,327
Direct cost of revenues | 20,151 | 17,004 | 12,035
Segment gross margin | 30,786 | 25,421 | 13,292
Adjusted EBITDA | (44,151) | (21,557) | (18,778)
Total net revenues | 50,937 | 42,425 | 25,327
Wavelo [Member] |  |  |
External revenues | 35,979 | 23,632 | 16,781
Intersegment revenues | 2,691 | 712 | 0
Total net revenues | 38,670 | 24,344 | 16,781
Direct cost of revenues | 2,626 | 2,926 | 1,308
Segment gross margin | 36,044 | 21,418 | 15,473
Adjusted EBITDA | 10,573 | 3,875 | 7,334
Total net revenues | 38,670 | 24,344 | 16,781
Tucows Domains [Member] |  |  |
External revenues | 242,097 | 243,158 | 245,576
Intersegment revenues | 0 | 0 | 0
Total net revenues | 242,097 | 243,158 | 245,576
Direct cost of revenues | 169,414 | 166,890 | 167,488
Segment gross margin | 72,683 | 76,268 | 78,088
Adjusted EBITDA | 42,623 | 44,834 | 47,765
Total net revenues | 242,097 | 243,158 | 245,576
Corporate Segment [Member] |  |  |
External revenues | 10,324 | 11,927 | 16,653
Intersegment revenues | (2,691) | (712) | 0
Total net revenues | 7,633 | 11,215 | 16,653
Direct cost of revenues | 10,065 | 9,448 | 12,208
Segment gross margin | (2,432) | 1,767 | 4,445
Adjusted EBITDA | 6,406 | 10,438 | 12,500
Total net revenues | $ 7,633 | $ 11,215 | $ 16,653

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