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Note 20 - Segment Reporting - Information by Reportable Segments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | 12 Months Ended
--- | ---
Dec. 31, 2024 | Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022
Total net revenues |  | $ 362,275 | $ 339,337 | $ 321,142
Cost of revenue |  | 209,747 | 202,256 | 196,268
Network, other cost(2) |  | 26,723 | 28,222 | 17,433
Sales and marketing |  | 59,382 | 67,806 | 53,937
Technical operations and development |  | 18,627 | 19,217 | 14,187
General and administrative |  | 37,068 | 33,406 | 30,845
Operating Segments [Member] |  |  |  |
Revenue from external customers |  | 353,374 | 329,013 | 309,215
Intersegment revenue(1) | [1] | 858 | 2,691 | 712
Total net revenues |  | 354,232 | 331,704 | 309,927
Cost of revenue |  | 189,518 | 184,767 | 186,820
Network, other cost(2) | [2] | 33,602 | 33,644 | 15,228
Sales and marketing |  | 56,863 | 65,421 | 50,881
Technical operations and development |  | 17,162 | 18,287 | 12,398
General and administrative |  | 25,631 | 24,223 | 19,836
Other segment items(3) | [3] | (4,223) | (3,683) | (2,388)
Segment Adjusted EBITDA |  | 35,679 | 9,045 | 27,152
Operating Segments [Member] | Ting [Member] |  |  |  |
Revenue from external customers |  | 59,732 | 50,937 | 42,425
Intersegment revenue(1) | [1] | 0 | 0 | 0
Total net revenues |  | 59,732 | 50,937 | 42,425
Cost of revenue |  | 11,162 | 12,727 | 17,004
Network, other cost(2) | [2] | 16,918 | 17,872 | 5,107
Sales and marketing |  | 35,502 | 44,823 | 30,543
Technical operations and development |  | 3,230 | 3,792 | 1,187
General and administrative |  | 16,550 | 16,567 | 10,610
Other segment items(3) | [3] | (1,113) | (693) | (469)
Segment Adjusted EBITDA |  | (22,517) | (44,151) | (21,557)
Operating Segments [Member] | Wavelo [Member] |  |  |  |
Revenue from external customers |  | 39,003 | 35,979 | 23,632
Intersegment revenue(1) | [1] | 858 | 2,691 | 712
Total net revenues |  | 39,861 | 38,670 | 24,344
Cost of revenue |  | 1,273 | 2,626 | 2,926
Network, other cost(2) | [2] | 9,710 | 9,649 | 4,245
Sales and marketing |  | 7,585 | 7,012 | 5,758
Technical operations and development |  | 6,826 | 8,124 | 4,132
General and administrative |  | 3,395 | 3,080 | 3,922
Other segment items(3) | [3] | (2,734) | (2,394) | (514)
Segment Adjusted EBITDA |  | 13,806 | 10,573 | 3,875
Operating Segments [Member] | Tucows Domains [Member] |  |  |  |
Revenue from external customers |  | 254,639 | 242,097 | 243,158
Intersegment revenue(1) | [1] | 0 | 0 | 0
Total net revenues |  | 254,639 | 242,097 | 243,158
Cost of revenue |  | 177,083 | 169,414 | 166,890
Network, other cost(2) | [2] | 6,974 | 6,123 | 5,876
Sales and marketing |  | 13,776 | 13,586 | 14,580
Technical operations and development |  | 7,106 | 6,371 | 7,079
General and administrative |  | 5,686 | 4,576 | 5,304
Other segment items(3) | [3] | (376) | (596) | (1,405)
Segment Adjusted EBITDA |  | $ 44,390 | $ 42,623 | $ 44,834
[1] | Intercompany revenues earned for provision of services on the ISOS and SM platforms between Wavelo and Ting are included in Wavelo's segment revenues for purposes of segment analysis, but are ultimately eliminated upon consolidation.
[2] | Network Costs in segment reports provided to the CODM include certain construction expenses for Ting, which are reported as Direct Costs of Revenue in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss.
[3] | Other segment items for each reportable segment includes other income, as well as adjustments to add back (deduct): gains and losses from unrealized foreign currency, stock-based compensation expense and acquisition and transition costs, which are included in other line items but are excluded from our definition of Segment Adjusted EBITDA.

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