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Interim Consolidated Financial Statements (Policies) | 3 Months Ended
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Mar. 31, 2019
Accounting Policies [Abstract] |
Basis of Presentation | Basis of Presentation The accompanying unaudited interim consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) for reporting on Form 10-Q. Accordingly, certain information and footnote disclosures required for complete financial statements are not included herein. The year-end balance sheet data was derived from audited financial statements, but does not include all disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. It is recommended that these financial statements be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes that appear in the Forrester Research, Inc. (“Forrester”) Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary for a fair statement of the financial position, results of operations, comprehensive loss and cash flows as of the dates and for the periods presented have been included. The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2019 may not be indicative of the results for the year ending December 31, 2019, or any other period.
Fair Value Measurements | Fair Value Measurements The carrying amounts reflected in the Consolidated Balance Sheets for cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and accrued expenses approximate fair value due to their short-term maturities. The Company believes that the carrying amount of its variable-rate borrowings reasonably approximate their fair values because the rates of interest on those borrowings reflect current market rates of interest. See Note 5 – Fair Value Measurements, for the fair value of the Company’s assets and liabilities.
Presentation of Restricted Cash | Presentation of Restricted Cash The following table summarizes the end-of-period cash and cash equivalents from the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets and the total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash as presented in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (in thousands).
| March 31, |
| 2019 |  |  | 2018 |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 75,012 |  |  | $ | 82,073 |
Restricted cash classified in (1): |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |  | 208 |  |  |  | — |
Other assets |  | 1,148 |  |  |  | — |
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash shown in statement of cash flows | $ | 76,368 |  |  | $ | 82,073 |
(1) | Restricted cash consists of collateral required primarily for letters of credit. The short-term or long-term classification is determined in accordance with the expiration of the underlying lease as the letters of credit are non-cancellable while the leases are in effect.
Adoption of New Accounting Pronouncements | Adoption of New Accounting Pronouncements In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). The standard requires lessees to recognize the assets and liabilities from leases on the balance sheet and disclose qualitative and quantitative information about the lease arrangements. Lessor accounting is largely unchanged. Leases are classified as either financing or operating, with classification affecting the pattern of expense recognition in the income statement. In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-11, Leases (Topic 842): Targeted Improvements, which allows for an additional adoption method and for lessors, provides a practical expedient for the separation of lease and non-lease components within a contract. On January 1, 2019, the Company adopted Topic 842 using the modified retrospective method in which prior periods are not adjusted. Under this method, the cumulative effect of applying the standard is recorded at the date of initial application. Adoption of the standard did not result in the Company recording a cumulative effect adjustment. The standard resulted in the recognition of operating lease right-of-use assets of $53.3 million, operating lease liabilities of $60.8 million and the elimination of deferred rent of $7.5 million on the adoption date. In addition, the Company recorded $10.4 million of operating lease right-of-use assets and operating lease liabilities on January 3, 2019 as a result of the acquisition of SiriusDecisions (see to Note 2 – Acquisitions). Adoption of the standard did not have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations or cash flows. The Company elected the package of practical expedients permitted under the new lease standard that allowed the carry forward of the historical lease classification for all leases that existed as of the adoption date. In addition, the Company elected to exempt short term leases from recognition of right of use assets and lease liabilities, and elected not to separate lease and non-lease components within its leases. The Company determines whether an arrangement is a lease at inception. The Company accounts for a lease when it has the right to control the leased asset for a period of time while obtaining substantially all of the assets’ economic benefits. All of the Company’s leases are operating leases, the majority of which are for office space. Operating lease right-of-use (“ROU”) assets and non-current operating lease liabilities are included as individual line items on the Consolidated Balance Sheets while short term operating lease liabilities are recorded within accrued expenses and other current liabilities. Operating lease ROU assets and operating lease liabilities are recognized based on the present value of the future minimum lease payments over the lease term at commencement date. The discount rate used to determine the present value of the lease payments is the Company’s incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at lease inception, as an implicit rate is generally not readily determinable. An operating lease ROU asset includes all lease payments and excludes lease incentives and initial direct costs incurred. Some of the Company’s leases include options to extend or terminate the lease. When determining the lease term, these options are included in the measurement and recognition of the Company’s ROU assets and lease liabilities when it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise the option. The Company considers several economic factors when making this determination, including but not limited to, the significance of leasehold improvements incurred in the office space, the difficulty in replacing the asset, underlying contractual obligations, or specific characteristics unique to a particular lease. Lease expense for operating leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the reasonably assured lease term based on the total lease payments (which include initial direct costs and lease incentives). The expense is included in operating expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The Company’s lease agreements generally contain lease and non-lease components. Non-lease components are fixed charges stated in an agreement and primarily include payments for parking at the leased office space. The Company accounts for the lease and fixed payments for non-lease components as a single lease component under Topic 842, which increases the amount of the ROU assets and lease liabilities. Most of the Company’s lease agreements also contain variable payments, primarily maintenance-related costs, which are expensed as incurred and not included in the measurement of the ROU assets and lease liabilities. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded on the Consolidated Balance Sheets and are not material. The components of lease expense were as follows (in thousands):
| Three Months Ended |
| March 31, 2019 |
Operating lease cost | $ | 3,569 |
Short-term lease cost |  | 255 |
Variable lease cost |  | 1,234 |
Total lease cost | $ | 5,058 |
Additional information related to leases is summarized in the following table (in thousands, except lease term and discount rate):
| Three Months Ended |
| March 31, 2019 |
Cash paid for operating cash flows from operating leases | $ | 3,753 |
Operating right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations | $ | 12,011 |
Weighted-average remaining lease term - operating leases (years) |  | 7.0 |
Weighted-average discount rate - operating leases |  | 5.1 | %
Future minimum lease payments under non-cancellable leases as of March 31, 2019 are as follows (in thousands):
2019 | $ | 9,590 |
2020 |  | 15,030 |
2021 |  | 12,692 |
2022 |  | 11,993 |
2023 |  | 11,988 |
Thereafter |  | 35,041 |
Total lease payments |  | 96,334 |
Less imputed interest |  | (16,087 | )
Present value of lease liabilities | $ | 80,247 |
Lease balances as of March 31, 2019 are as follows (in thousands):
Operating lease right-of-use assets | $ | 71,529 |
Short term operating lease liability (1) | $ | 16,404 |
Non-current operating lease liabilities |  | 63,843 |
Total operating lease liabilities | $ | 80,247 |
(1) | Included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities

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