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Operating Segment and Enterprise Wide Reporting | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2024
Segment Reporting [Abstract] |
Operating Segment and Enterprise Wide Reporting | Note 14 – Operating Segment and Enterprise Wide Reporting The Company’s chief operating decision-maker is the chief executive officer and the chief financial officer. The Company operates in three segments: Research, Consulting, and Events. These segments, which are also the Company's reportable segments, are based on the management structure of the Company and how the chief operating decision maker uses financial information to evaluate performance and determine how to allocate resources. The Company’s products and services are delivered through each segment as described below. The Research segment includes the revenues from all of the Company’s research products as well as consulting revenues from advisory services (such as speeches and advisory days) delivered by the Company’s research organization. Research segment costs include the cost of the organizations responsible for developing and delivering these products in addition to the costs of the product management organization responsible for product pricing and packaging, and the launch of new products. During the third quarter of 2024, the Company realigned its technology teams and as such certain technology costs are no longer reported within the Research segment, and are now reported within the line selling, marketing, administrative and other expenses. Prior period amounts have been recast to conform to the current presentation. The Consulting segment includes the revenues and the related costs of the Company’s project consulting organization. The project consulting organization delivers a majority of the Company’s project consulting revenue. The Events segment includes the revenues and the costs of the organization responsible for developing and hosting in-person and virtual events. The Company evaluates reportable segment performance and allocates resources based on segment operating income (loss). Segment expenses include the direct expenses of each segment organization and exclude selling and marketing expenses, general and administrative expenses, stock-based compensation expense, depreciation expense, adjustments to incentive bonus compensation from target amounts, amortization of intangible assets, restructuring costs, loss from sale of divested operation, interest expense, other income, and gains on investments. The accounting policies used by the segments are the same as those used in the consolidated financial statements. The Company does not review or evaluate assets as part of segment performance. Accordingly, the Company does not identify or allocate assets by reportable segment. The Company provides information by reportable segment in the tables below (in thousands):
|  | Research Segment |  |  | Consulting Segment |  |  | Events Segment |  |  | Consolidated |
Year Ended December 31, 2024 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Research revenues |  | $ | 316,739 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 316,739 |
Consulting revenues |  |  | 21,095 |  |  |  | 76,159 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 97,254 |
Events revenues |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 18,477 |  |  |  | 18,477 |
Total segment revenues |  |  | 337,834 |  |  |  | 76,159 |  |  |  | 18,477 |  |  |  | 432,470 |
Segment expenses (1): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Compensation, benefits and related costs |  |  | (100,620 | ) |  |  | (27,782 | ) |  |  | (5,567 | ) |  |  | (133,969 | )
Direct costs of Events |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (13,429 | ) |  |  | (13,429 | )
Professional services |  |  | (10,864 | ) |  |  | (1,735 | ) |  |  | (108 | ) |  |  | (12,707 | )
Billable expenses |  |  | (548 | ) |  |  | (7,926 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (8,474 | )
Travel and entertainment |  |  | (1,895 | ) |  |  | (358 | ) |  |  | (104 | ) |  |  | (2,357 | )
Software |  |  | (1,278 | ) |  |  | (8 | ) |  |  | (5 | ) |  |  | (1,291 | )
Other segment expenses (2) |  |  | (446 | ) |  |  | (19 | ) |  |  | (37 | ) |  |  | (502 | )
Total segment expenses |  |  | (115,651 | ) |  |  | (37,828 | ) |  |  | (19,250 | ) |  |  | (172,729 | )
Segment operating income (loss) |  |  | 222,183 |  |  |  | 38,331 |  |  |  | (773 | ) |  |  | 259,741 |
Selling, marketing, administrative and other expenses |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (235,805 | )
Amortization of intangible assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (9,648 | )
Restructuring costs |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (11,773 | )
Loss from sale of divested operation |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (1,775 | )
Interest expense, other income, and gains on investments |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,897 |
Income before income taxes |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 2,637 |
(1) The significant expense categories and amounts align with the segment-level information that is regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker. (2) Other segment expenses for each reportable segment includes office supplies, maintenance, and certain overhead expenses.
|  | Research Segment |  |  | Consulting Segment |  |  | Events Segment |  |  | Consolidated |
Year Ended December 31, 2023 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Research revenues |  | $ | 334,396 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 334,396 |
Consulting revenues |  |  | 28,826 |  |  |  | 89,402 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 118,228 |
Events revenues |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 28,155 |  |  |  | 28,155 |
Total segment revenues |  |  | 363,222 |  |  |  | 89,402 |  |  |  | 28,155 |  |  |  | 480,779 |
Segment expenses (1): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Compensation, benefits and related costs |  |  | (109,025 | ) |  |  | (34,324 | ) |  |  | (6,049 | ) |  |  | (149,398 | )
Direct costs of Events |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (14,293 | ) |  |  | (14,293 | )
Professional services |  |  | (11,861 | ) |  |  | (2,272 | ) |  |  | (60 | ) |  |  | (14,193 | )
Billable expenses |  |  | (595 | ) |  |  | (8,113 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (8,708 | )
Travel and entertainment |  |  | (1,690 | ) |  |  | (297 | ) |  |  | (124 | ) |  |  | (2,111 | )
Software |  |  | (1,729 | ) |  |  | (11 | ) |  |  | (14 | ) |  |  | (1,754 | )
Other segment expenses (2) |  |  | (492 | ) |  |  | (11 | ) |  |  | (17 | ) |  |  | (520 | )
Total segment expenses |  |  | (125,392 | ) |  |  | (45,028 | ) |  |  | (20,557 | ) |  |  | (190,977 | )
Segment operating income |  |  | 237,830 |  |  |  | 44,374 |  |  |  | 7,598 |  |  |  | 289,802 |
Selling, marketing, administrative and other expenses |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (257,808 | )
Amortization of intangible assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (11,956 | )
Restructuring costs |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (13,272 | )
Interest expense, other income, and gains on investments |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (481 | )
Income before income taxes |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 6,285 |
(1) The significant expense categories and amounts align with the segment-level information that is regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker. (2) Other segment expenses for each reportable segment includes office supplies, maintenance, and certain overhead expenses.
|  | Research Segment |  |  | Consulting Segment |  |  | Events Segment |  |  | Consolidated |
Year Ended December 31, 2022 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Research revenues |  | $ | 354,453 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 354,453 |
Consulting revenues |  |  | 41,559 |  |  |  | 111,028 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 152,587 |
Events revenues |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 30,747 |  |  |  | 30,747 |
Total segment revenues |  |  | 396,012 |  |  |  | 111,028 |  |  |  | 30,747 |  |  |  | 537,787 |
Segment expenses (1): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Compensation, benefits and related costs |  |  | (107,870 | ) |  |  | (37,625 | ) |  |  | (7,187 | ) |  |  | (152,682 | )
Direct costs of Events |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (14,373 | ) |  |  | (14,373 | )
Professional services |  |  | (13,441 | ) |  |  | (8,063 | ) |  |  | (62 | ) |  |  | (21,566 | )
Billable expenses |  |  | (740 | ) |  |  | (10,712 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (11,452 | )
Travel and entertainment |  |  | (1,414 | ) |  |  | (357 | ) |  |  | (123 | ) |  |  | (1,894 | )
Software |  |  | (1,488 | ) |  |  | (103 | ) |  |  | (1 | ) |  |  | (1,592 | )
Other segment expenses (2) |  |  | (476 | ) |  |  | (29 | ) |  |  | (55 | ) |  |  | (560 | )
Total segment expenses |  |  | (125,429 | ) |  |  | (56,889 | ) |  |  | (21,801 | ) |  |  | (204,119 | )
Segment operating income |  |  | 270,583 |  |  |  | 54,139 |  |  |  | 8,946 |  |  |  | 333,668 |
Selling, marketing, administrative and other expenses |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (278,518 | )
Amortization of intangible assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (13,161 | )
Restructuring costs |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (9,335 | )
Interest expense, other income, and gains on investments |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (1,930 | )
Income before income taxes |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 30,724 |
(1) The significant expense categories and amounts align with the segment-level information that is regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker. (2) Other segment expenses for each reportable segment includes office supplies, maintenance, and certain overhead expenses. Net long-lived tangible assets by location as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows (in thousands):
|  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |
United States |  | $ | 30,307 |  |  | $ | 48,001 |
United Kingdom |  |  | 7,043 |  |  |  | 8,194 |
Europe (excluding United Kingdom) |  |  | 191 |  |  |  | 186 |
Asia Pacific |  |  | 1,207 |  |  |  | 2,742 |
Total |  | $ | 38,748 |  |  | $ | 59,123 |
Revenues by geographic destination, based on the location products and services are consumed, and as a percentage of total revenues for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022 are as follows (dollars in thousands):
|  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |
United States |  | $ | 334,095 |  |  | $ | 373,483 |  |  | $ | 426,041 |
Europe (excluding United Kingdom) |  |  | 37,698 |  |  |  | 37,912 |  |  |  | 36,664 |
United Kingdom |  |  | 18,934 |  |  |  | 21,311 |  |  |  | 20,079 |
Canada |  |  | 12,221 |  |  |  | 16,416 |  |  |  | 20,759 |
Asia Pacific |  |  | 20,778 |  |  |  | 23,604 |  |  |  | 26,548 |
Other |  |  | 8,744 |  |  |  | 8,053 |  |  |  | 7,696 |
Total |  | $ | 432,470 |  |  | $ | 480,779 |  |  | $ | 537,787 |
|  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |
United States |  |  | 77 | % |  |  | 78 | % |  |  | 77 | %
Europe (excluding United Kingdom) |  |  | 9 |  |  |  | 8 |  |  |  | 9 |
United Kingdom |  |  | 4 |  |  |  | 4 |  |  |  | 5 |
Canada |  |  | 3 |  |  |  | 3 |  |  |  | 3 |
Asia Pacific |  |  | 5 |  |  |  | 5 |  |  |  | 5 |
Other |  |  | 2 |  |  |  | 2 |  |  |  | 1 |
Total |  |  | 100 | % |  |  | 100 | % |  |  | 100 | %

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- Definition The entire disclosure for reporting segments including data and tables. 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