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Income Taxes (Tables) | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2022
Income Taxes |
Components of Income (Loss) Before Income Taxes | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Year Ended December 31,
(in thousands) |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Domestic | ​ | $ | (291,746) | ​ | $ | (287,058) | ​ | $ | 133,615
Foreign | ​ |  | (8) | ​ |  | (42) | ​ |  | 2,092
Total | ​ | $ | (291,754) | ​ | $ | (287,100) | ​ | $ | 135,707
​
Schedule of Provision For (Benefit From) Income Taxes | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Year Ended December 31,
(in thousands) |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Current: |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |
Federal | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | —
State | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 3,463
Foreign | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | —
Subtotal | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | 3,463
​ | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |
Deferred: | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |
Federal | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | —
State | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | —
Foreign | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | —
Subtotal | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | —
​ | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |
Provision for income taxes | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | 3,463
​
Reconciliation of Statutory U.S. Federal Rate | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Year Ended December 31, |
​ |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2020 |
Percent of pre-tax income: |  |  |  |  |  |  | ​
United States federal statutory income tax rate |  | 21.0 | % | 21.0 | % | 21.0 | %
State taxes, net of federal benefit |  | 1.7 |  | 2.6 |  | 2.0 | ​
Foreign rate differences |  | — |  | — |  | (0.3) | ​
Permanent items | ​ | (0.1) |  | 0.2 |  | 0.4 | ​
Research and development credit |  | 1.8 |  | 2.6 |  | (4.8) | ​
Stock-based compensation costs | ​ | (2.3) | ​ | (1.2) | ​ | 1.3 | ​
Other |  | — |  | — |  | (0.3) | ​
Change in valuation allowance |  | (22.1) |  | (25.2) |  | (16.7) | ​
Effective income tax rate |  | — | % | — | % | 2.6 | %
​
Components of Net Deferred Tax Assets | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | December 31,
(in thousands) |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Net operating loss carryforwards | ​ | $ | 131,423 | ​ | $ | 117,793
Research and development credits | ​ |  | 63,164 | ​ |  | 58,039
Depreciation and amortization | ​ |  | 51,877 | ​ |  | 40,620
Stock-based compensation | ​ |  | 32,561 | ​ |  | 30,565
Sales related accruals | ​ |  | 23,864 | ​ |  | 17,299
Other accruals | ​ |  | 19,717 | ​ |  | 11,798
Capitalized research and development | ​ | ​ | 17,673 | ​ | ​ | —
Gross deferred tax assets | ​ |  | 340,279 | ​ |  | 276,114
Right-of-use asset | ​ |  | (1,903) | ​ |  | (2,167)
In-process research and development | ​ |  | (603) | ​ |  | (603)
Gross deferred tax liabilities | ​ |  | (2,506) | ​ |  | (2,770)
Total net deferred tax asset | ​ |  | 337,773 | ​ |  | 273,344
Less valuation allowance | ​ |  | (337,773) | ​ |  | (273,344)
Net deferred tax assets | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | —
​
Reconciliation of Unrecognized Tax Benefits | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Year Ended December 31,
(in thousands) |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Balance at beginning of year | ​ | $ | 15,495 | ​ | $ | 13,243 | ​ | $ | 11,603
Additions based on tax positions related to current year | ​ |  | 1,385 | ​ |  | 2,038 | ​ |  | 1,749
Additions (reductions) for tax positions of prior years | ​ |  | (42) | ​ |  | 214 | ​ |  | (109)
Balance at end of year | ​ | $ | 16,838 | ​ | $ | 15,495 | ​ | $ | 13,243
​

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